Unit-1-Where-did-you-go-on-vacation八年级英语上Grammar-Focus语法

英语教学课件系列Goforit!八年级(上)Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?SectionAGrammarFocusQuestionRick:Hi,Helen.Longtimenosee.Helen:Hi,Rick.Yes,Iwasonvacationlastmonth.Rick:Oh,didyougoanywhereinteresting?Helen:Yes,IwenttoGuizhouwithmyfamily.Rick:Wow!DidyouseeHuangguoshuWaterfall?Helen:Yes,Idid.Itwaswonderful!Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.Whataboutyou?Didyoudoanythingspeciallastmonth?Rick:Notreally.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.anywhereinterestinganythingspecial复合不定代词不定代词不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词常见不定代词：someanynoeveryfewlittleafewalittlemanymuch其它：allbothnoneneithereitherotherothersanotherone复合不定代词some;

any;

no;

every和body;

thing;

one;where等构成的合成词somenoanyevery辨一辨Questions?some和any的区别some和any都可以代替或修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词;some多用于肯定句，any多用于否认、疑问和条件从句.Attention：any还有“任何”的含义Arethereanyapplesinthefridge?Yes,therearesome./No,therearen’tany.Isthereanywaterinthebottle?Yes,thereissomewater./No,thereisn’tanywater.Practice1.

I

can

see_______birds

in

the

tree.

2.There

isn’t______orange

juice

in

my

bottle.

Please

give

me_____3.Which

one

can

I

take?

You

may

take______one

of

them.4.Wouldyoulike_______tea?No,thanks.ButI’dlike______applejuice.当问话者希望得到对方的肯定答复时，疑问句中要用some,不用anysomeanysomeanysomesomeWheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.

Didyougooutwithanyone?No,noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.Howwasthefood?No,Iboughtnothing.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.GrammarFocus复合不定代词some;

any;

no;

every和body;

thing;

one;where等构成的合成词找一找复合不定代词总结some,any,every,no与-one,-thing可以组成八个不定代词。请填写下表：ForpeopleForthingssomeoneanyoneeveryonenoonesomebodyanybodyeverybodynobodyanythingsomethingnothingeverything复合不定代词的使用带的复合不定代词常用于肯定句中；带的复合不定代词常用于否认句或一般疑问句中I’dlike__________toeat.Did_____callmetoday?当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，要放其后Didyoubuyanythinginteresting?午餐我们吃了很特别的动词Forlunch,wehad________________________.由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词作主语，都看做单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数Something_____(be)wrongwithmywatchWell,everyone______(want)towin.Noone______(know)whatthefuturewillbelike.someanysomethinganyonesomethingspecialtoeatiswantsknows

Linda:Didyoudo________funonyourvacation,Alice?Alice:Yes,Idid.IwenttoSanya.Linda:Howdidyoulikeit?Alice:Well,itwasmyfirsttimethere,so_____________wasreallyinteresting.3aFillintheblankswiththewordsintheboxandpracticetheconversation.anyonesomethinganythingeverythingnothinganythingeverythingLinda:Didyougowith__________?Alice:Yes,Idid.Iwentwithmysister.Linda:Didyougoshopping?Alice:Ofcourse!Ibought__________formyparents,but_________formyself.Linda:Whydidn’tyoubuy__________foryourself?Alice:Ididn’treallysee____________Iliked.anyonesomethingnothinganythinganythingDearBill,Howwasyourvacation?Didyoudo________

interesting?Did________inthefamilygowithyou?Iwenttoafriend’sfarminthecountrysidewithmyfamily._________wasgreat.anythingeverythingnothingeveryonenoone3bFillintheblanksinthee-mailmessagewiththewordsinthebox.anythingeveryoneEverythingWefedsomehensandsawsomebabypigs.Theyweresocute!Theonlyproblemwasthattherewas__________muchtodointheeveningbutread.Still

__________seemedtobebored.Byefornow!Marknothingnoone3cAskyourgroupquestionsabouttheirlastvacation.Thentelltheclassyourresults.Didyou…EveryoneSomeoneNooneeatanythingatarestaurant?readanythinginteresting?Visitanyoneinyourfamily?Buyanything?Keepadiary?Inourgroup,everyoneatesomethingatarestaurantExplanation-Where

did

you

go

on

vacation

?

-I

went

to

NewYorkCity.

(1)where

did

you

go…?是一般过去时的疑问句，did是助动词.

(2)went是go的过去式，实义动词的过去式没有人称和数的变化。

(3)实义动词一般过去式的一般疑问句以助动词did开头。如：

①--What

didyou

doyesterday

afternoon?你昨天下午在做什么?

--I

playedvolleyballwithmy

friend.我和我的朋友一起打排球。

②--

Didyou

have

a

good

time?你们玩得很快乐吗?--Yes,We

did.

是的，很快乐。③--

Did

she

come

to

help

you?她来帮助过你吗?

--No，shedidn’t.不，她没有。一般过去时Thesimplepasttense什么时候需要用过去时？怎么判断？1.定义:

1)

表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday,lastnight,in1990,twodaysago...)连用;2)也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和表示频度的时间状语(如often,always…)连用。一般过去时有哪些时间状语可以用来描述过去？一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用a〕时间状语Ago〔twohoursago〔一段时间+ago〕yesterday〔句子开头或结尾〕thedaybeforeyesterdaylastweek,last(year,night,month…)

具体时间〔如Jan.fourth)justnowattheageofonedaylongagoonceuponatime〔很久以前〕andsoonthismorninglonglongago

SentencesI_____myhomework

yesterday.

I_______soccer

lastSunday.I______(clean)myroom

lastweek.I_____(go)tothebeach

threeyearsago.Iplayedtenniswithmyfriends

lastweekend.I

______tothemovies

threedaysago.wentcleaneddidplayedwent注：“过去”的概念并不是只指如

“yesterday,

last

week,…

”

等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。例如：

He

was

here

only

a

few

minutes

ago.仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。I

came

home

just

now.我刚回到家。

I

__________

very

early

this

morning.今天早晨我起床很早。He

______

late

for

school

again

today.今天他又迟到了。gotupwasb〕动词变化规那么规那么变化直接加ed：work——workedlook——lookedplay——played2.以e结尾的单词，直接加d：live——livedhope——hopeduse——used3以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed：study——studied

carry——carried

worry——worried

4以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：enjoy——enjoyed

play——played

5以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed：stop——stoppedplan——planned

元音字母：a,e,i,o,u规那么动词过去式词尾-ed的读音读音规则读音例词在浊辅音和元音后面/d/moved/mu:vd/

在浊辅音和元音后面/t/passed/pa:st/在清辅音后面/id/needed/’ni:did/am,is—was

are—werego—went

do—didhave—had

come—cametake—took

say—saideat—ate

see—sawget—got

put—putsleep—sleptgive—gavewrite—wroteread—read动词不规那么变化/red/buy—bought

sit—satrun—ranswim

—swammake—made

feel—felthear—heard

grow—grewtell—told

know—knewfind—foundbegin—beganbring

—broughtstand—stoodspend—spentcatch—caughtteach—taught动词不规那么变化am,is—

are—go—

do—have—

come—take—

say—eat—

see—get—

put—sleep—

give—write—

read—动词不规那么变化buy—

sit—

run—

swim

—

make—

feel—

hear—

grow—

tell—

know—

find—begin—

bring

—stand—

spend—catch—

teach—动词不规那么变化根本结构：be动词的过去式：实义动词的过去式PresentPastamwasiswasarewere单数复数Iwas

wewereyouwere

(一個人)

youwere

(不只一人)shewas

theywerehewasitwas肯定句：主语+was

(were)

+宾语

如：I

was

late

yesterday.

昨天我迟到了。

否认句：主语+was

(were)

+not+宾语

如：We

weren't

late

yesterday.

我们昨天没迟到Be

动词的一般过去时态构成：疑问句：Was

(Were)

+主语+宾语

如：

Were

you

ill

yesterday?

你昨天病了吗？

肯定答复：

Yes,

I

was.

是的，我病了。

否认句：

No,

I

wasn't.

不，我没病。

特殊疑问句：

特殊疑问词+was

(were)

+主语+宾语

如：When

were

you

born?

你是什么时候出生的？肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否认句和疑问句要使用助动词do和

does

的过去式

did.

肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语

如：I

went

home

at

nine

o'clock

yesterday.我昨天九点钟回的家。

否认句：主语+didn‘t

+动词原形+宾语

如：I

didn't

go

home

yesterday.

我昨天没回家。

实义动词的一般过去时态

疑问句：Did

+主语+动词原形+宾语

如：

Did

you

go

home

yesterday?

你昨天回家了吗？肯定答复：Yes,

I

did.

是的，我回了。

否认答复：No,

I

didn't.

不，我没回家。一般过去式的构成形式肯定式疑问式否定式IworkedDidIworkIdidnotworkHe/she/itworkedDidHe/she/itworkHe/she/itdidnotworkWeworkedDidweworkWedidnotworkYouworkedDidyouworkYoudidnotworktheyworkedDidtheyworkTheydidnotwork动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be用was或用were,have,has变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed，假设是特殊得硬记。否认句很简单，主语之后didn’t添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需复原；动词假设是was,were,否认就把not添。Itwassunny.Ididmyhomework

yesterday.Sheplayedsoccer

lastSunday.Hecleanedhisroom

lastweek.Didyoudo…?Didsheplay…?Didheclean…?Wasit…?

ExercisesTheyhadasummercamplastweekend.Myfatherwenttothebeach

threeyearsago.TomandJackstudiedforthetest

threedaysago.Didtheyhave…?DidTomandJackstudy…?Didyourfathergo…?Itwassunny.Ididmyhomework

yesterday.Sheplayedsoccer

lastSunday.Hecleanedhisroom

lastweek.didnotdodidnotplaydidnotcleannotTheyhadasummercamplastweekend.Myfatherwenttothebeach

threeyearsago.TomandJackstudiedforthetest

threedaysago.didnothavedidnotgodidnotstudy1.get--2.say--3.have--4.be--5.tell--6.think--7.write--8.drive--9.run--10.read--11.see--12.stand--13.put--14.eat--15.buy--16.drink--17.sleep--18e--19.play--20.study--21.listen--给下面的单词写出过去式gotsaidhadwas,