计算机网络实验二 在PC机上熟悉常用网络命令实验报告

计算机网络原理实验报告实验二熟悉常用的网络命令实验报告姓名：陈津生班级：12级数字媒体技术2班学号：2012329700056指导教师：张芳1．实验目的：学会使用常用ping,ipconfig,nslookup,arp,tracert等常用网络测试命令检测网络连通、了解网络的配置状态，跟踪路由诊断域名系统等相关网络问题。2实验环境：（1）运行windows2000/2003/xp操作系统的PC一台（2）每台PC机具有一块网卡，通过双绞线与局域网网相连。（3）局域网能连接Internet3．实验步骤：用户名：1234567891234密码：01234561、ARP:显示和修改IP地址与物理地址之间的转换表C:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ARP-aInterface:8---0x10003InternetAddressPhysicalAddressType00-00-00-00-00-00invalidC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ARP-gInterface:8---0x10003InternetAddressPhysicalAddressType00-00-00-00-00-00invalidC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ARP-dC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ARP-sDisplaysandmodifiestheIP-to-Physicaladdresstranslationtablesusedbyaddressresolutionprotocol(ARP).ARP-sinet_addreth_addr[if_addr]ARP-dinet_addr[if_addr]ARP-a[inet_addr][-Nif_addr]-aDisplayscurrentARPentriesbyinterrogatingthecurrentprotocoldata.Ifinet_addrisspecified,theIPandPhysicaladdressesforonlythespecifiedcomputeraredisplayed.If-R(Reload)Purgesandreloadstheremotecachen-S(Sessions)Listssessionstablewiththedestina-s(sessions)ListssessionstableconvertingdestiaddressestocomputerNETBIOSnames.-RR(ReleaseRefresh)SendsNameReleasepacketstoWINSaneshRemoteNameRemotehostmachinename.IPaddressDotteddecimalrepresentationoftheIPaddresintervalRedisplaysselectedstatistics,pausingintervbetweeneachdisplay.PressCtrl+Ctostopredstatistics.C:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>nbtstat-n本地连接2:NodeIpAddress:[19]ScopeId:[]NetBIOSLocalNameTableNameTypeStatus---------------------------------------------H16<00>UNIQUERegisteredH16<20>UNIQUERegistered2HJF<00>GROUPRegistered2HJF<1E>GROUPRegisteredC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>nbtstat-s本地连接2:NodeIpAddress:[19]ScopeId:[]NoConnections5、net：C:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>net此命令的语法是:NET[ACCOUNTS|COMPUTER|CONFIG|CONTINUE|FILE|GROUP|HELP|HELPMSG|LOCALGROUP|NAME|PAUSE|PRINT|SEND|SESSION|SHARE|START|STATISTICS|STOP|TIME|USE|USER|VIEW]C:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>C:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>net此命令的语法是:NET[ACCOUNTS|COMPUTER|CONFIG|CONTINUE|FILEHELPMSG|LOCALGROUP|NAME|PAUSE|PRINT|SHARE|START|STATISTICS|STOP|TIME|USEC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>netstat.exeActiveConnectionsProtoLocalAddressForeignAddressTCPH16:1455localhost:ftpTCPH16:20780:8000TCPH16:2085localhost:4809TCPH16:2086localhost:netbios-ssTCPH16:2088localhost:netbios-ssTCPH16:2090localhost:netbios-ssTCPH16:2091localhost:microsoft-C:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>netstat-asIPv4StatisticsPacketsReceived=188648ReceivedHeaderErrors=0ReceivedAddressErrors=41385DatagramsForwarded=0UnknownProtocolsReceived=0ReceivedPacketsDiscarded=1636ReceivedPacketsDelivered=158463OutputRequests=11606RoutingDiscards=0DiscardedOutputPackets=0OutputPacketNoRoute=0ReassemblyRequired=0ReassemblySuccessful=0ReassemblyFailures=0DatagramsSuccessfullyFragmented=0DatagramsFailingFragmentation=0FragmentsCreated=0ICMPv4StatisticsReceivedSentMessages3637Errors00DestinationUnreachable34TimeExceeded00ParameterProblems00SourceQuenches00Redirects00Echos312EchoReplies231Timestamps00TimestampReplies00AddressMasks00AddressMaskReplies00TCPStatisticsforIPv4ActiveOpens=415PassiveOpens=57FailedConnectionAttempts=145ResetConnections=29CurrentConnections=3SegmentsReceived=1888SegmentsSent=2228SegmentsRetransmitted=276UDPStatisticsforIPv4DatagramsReceived=213179NoPorts=4718ReceiveErrors=95DatagramsSent=90466、Netstat.exeC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>netstat.exeActiveConnectionsProtoLocalAddressForeignAddressStateTCPH16:1455localhost:ftpCLOSE_WAITTCPH16:2166localhost:4809SYN_SENTTCPH16:21670:8000ESTABLISHED7、Ping.exeC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>ping.exeUsage:ping[-t][-a][-ncount][-lsize][-f][-iTTL][-vTOS][-rcount][-scount][[-jhost-list]|[-khost-list]][-wtimeout]target_nameOptions:-tPingthespecifiedhostuntilstopped.Toseestatisticsandcontinue-typeControl-BreakTostop-typeControl-C.-aResolveaddressestohostnames.-ncountNumberofechorequeststosend.-lsizeSendbuffersize.-fSetDon'tFragmentflaginpacket.-iTTLTimeToLive.-vTOSTypeOfService.-rcountRecordrouteforcounthops.-scountTimestampforcounthops.-jhost-listLoosesourceroutealonghost-list.-khost-listStrictsourceroutealonghost-list.-wtimeoutTimeoutinmillisecondstowaitforeachreply.8、Route.exeC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>route.exeManipulatesnetworkroutingtables.ROUTE[-f][-p][command[destination][MASKnetmask][gateway][METRICmetric][IFinterface]-fClearstheroutingtablesofallgatewayentries.Ifthisisusedinconjunctionwithoneofthecommands,thetablesareclearedpriortorunningthecommand.-pWhenusedwiththeADDcommand,makesaroutepersistentacrossbootsofthesystem.Bydefault,routesarenotpreservedwhenthesystemisrestarted.Ignoredforallothercommands,whichalwaysaffecttheappropriatepersistentroutes.ThisoptionisnotsupportedinWindows95.commandOneofthese:PRINTPrintsarouteADDAddsarouteDELETEDeletesarouteCHANGEModifiesanexistingroutedestinationSpecifiesthehost.MASKSpecifiesthatthenextparameteristhe'netmask'value.netmaskSpecifiesasubnetmaskvalueforthisrouteentry.Ifnotspecified,itdefaultsto55.gatewaySpecifiesgateway.interfacetheinterfacenumberforthespecifiedroute.METRICspecifiesthemetric,ie.costforthedestination.AllsymbolicnamesusedfordestinationarelookedupinthenetworkdatabasefileNETWORKS.ThesymbolicnamesforgatewayarelookedupinthehostnamedatabasefileHOSTS.IfthecommandisPRINTorDELETE.Destinationorgatewaycanbeawildcard,(wildcardisspecifiedasastar'*'),orthegatewayargumentmaybeomitted.IfDestcontainsa*or?,itistreatedasashellpattern,andonlymatchingdestinationroutesareprinted.The'*'matchesanystring,and'?'matchesanyonechar.Examples:157.*.1,157.*,127.*,*224*.DiagnosticNotes:InvalidMASKgeneratesanerror,thatiswhen(DEST&MASK)!=DEST.Example>routeADDMASKIF1Therouteadditionfailed:Thespecifiedmaskparameterisinvalid.(Destination&Mask)!=Destination.Examples:>routePRINT>routeADDMASKMETRIC3IF2destination^^mask^gatewaymetric^^Interface^IfIFisnotgiven,ittriestofindthebestinterfaceforagivengateway.>routePRINT>routePRINT157*....Onlyprintsthosematching157*>routeCHANGEMASKMETRIC2IF2CHANGEisusedtomodifygatewayand/ormetriconly.>routePRINT>routeDELETE>routePRINTC:\DocumentsandSettings\ligong>9、Telnet.exe欢迎使用MicrosoftTelnetClientEscape字符是'CTRL+]'MicrosoftTelnet>displayEscape字符是'CTRL+]'将验证身份(NTLMAuthentication)关闭本地回显新行模式-return键发送CR和LF当前模式:控制台Will终端类型优选的终端类型为ANSIMicrosoftTelnet>status没有连接MicrosoftTelnet>?/help命令可以缩写。支持的命令为:c-close关闭当前连接d-display显示操作参数o-openhostname[port]连接到主机名称(默认端口23).q-quit退出telnetset-set