贵州省安顺市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题（含答案解析）

全市2023~2024学年度第一学期期末教学质量监测考试高二英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whyisthemantakingaplasticbagonhiswalk?A.Todosomeshopping.B.Topickupafterthedog.C.Tocarrysometoysforthedog.2.Whatsportarethespeakersdoing?A.Skating.B.Running.C.Swimming.3.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Getabottleofwine.B.LookforherIDcard.C.Showherbirthdaygift.4.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Feedbirdsathome.B.Lookforherseatinthefronthall.C.Watchthemanperformattheconcert.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Terry'swedding.B.Thewoman'sfamily.C.Theman'sschoollife.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatdoesthemanadmireaboutthewoman?A.Hertoughness.B.Herappearance.C.Herintelligence.7.Whenisthewoman'snextmeeting?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Thisafternoon.C.Thisevening.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhydidthewomangotoJapan?A.Totakeatrip.B.Toworkthere.C.Tovisitherfamily.9.Wheredoesthemanwork?A.Inashop.B.Inabank.C.Inarestaurant.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?AFamilymembers.B.Friends.C.Co-workers.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Whenwillthemanbefine?A.OnMonday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.12.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutMichigan?A.Theyareweak.B.TheybeatIowa.C.Theywillhaveatoughtime.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Stayinbed.B.Seeadoctor.C.Watchsometapes(录像带).听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.Howdoesthemansoundthroughouttheconversation?A.Enthusiastic.B.Indifferent(冷漠的).C.Surprised.15.Whatwouldthespeakers'kidsloveaboutthehouse?A.Ithasmanybedrooms.B.Ithasalotoffurniture.C.Ithasabiglivingroom.16.Howmanycupboardsarethereinthehouse?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.17.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Havealookatthehouse.B.Moveintothehouse.C.Findmoreinformationaboutthehouse.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.Wheredoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Atabirthdayparty.B.Atagoodbyeparty.C.Ataretirementceremony.19.WhatdothestudentsthinkofMissBrown?A.Sheisfriendlybutstrict.B.Sheisseriousandboring.C.Sheishumorousandpatient.20.Whatdoesthespeakerdo?A.Aparent.B.Ateacher.C.Astudent.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AShakespeareoncewrotethatalltheworldisastage,butthesedaysit’smorelikeamovieset.Gettoknowsomefilmstofindfantasticfilmlocations(地点）youshouldcheckoutonyourtravels.TheSoundofMusicAustria’shillsarecertainlyalivewiththesoundofmusicandtourists.MozartmayhavebeenborninSalzburg,butTheSoundofMusicreallyputitonthemapandnowabout70percentofpeoplevisititbecauseofthemovie.CrossResidenzplatzSquareandvisitthePalaceofLeopoldskronwherethechildreninthefilmfellintothelake.TroyAlthoughthePalaceofTroywasfilmedonsetsbuiltatSheppertonStudiosintheUK,mostofthe2004moviewasshotinMaltaandBajaCalifornia,Mexico,MaltawithhistoricsitesaridbeautifulbluewaterswasagoodchoicetoreplaceGreece.Troywasshotatahostoflocations,includingGoldenBay,HalFaraswellasFortRicasoli(wherethecityofTroywasconstructed).TheTrojanhorsefromthefilmisnowlyingonthewaterfrontinCanakkale,Turkey.BridgetJones'sDiaryBridgetJonesisbroughttolifeaswewatchtheworkandromanceinLondon.HerspecialcornerflatisabovetheGlobeTavernbyBoroughMarket,oneofthecity’soldestandbiggestfoodmarkets.AccordingtoTheTelegraph,itwouldbehighlyunlikelythatshecouldaffordtobuyaplacelikethattodaysinceithasriseninvaluebymorethan240percent.HarryPotterJ.K.RowlingstartedwritingtheHarryPotterbookswhileshewaslivinginEdinburgh,Scotland,soit’snosurprisethatshesetmostofthestorythere.TheHogwartsExpresstravelsthroughtheScottishHighlandsandalongthe31metershighGlenfinnanViaduct.ThesecondhighestwaterfallintheUK,StealFallscanbeseenduringQuidditchmatches.1.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Shakespeareoncewrotethatalltheworldisastage,butthesedaysit’smorelikeamovieset”？A.Moremovieswillneedmoresets.B.Moreandmorefilmsarebeingmade.C.Alltheworldhasbecomeahugestageforarts.D.Manyplaceshavebecomefamousbecausetheywereusedasmoviesets.2.Whichofthefollowingfilmshavebackgroundinmorethanonecountry?A.TheSoundofMusic. B.Troy.C.BridgetJones'sDiary. D.HarryPotter,3.Whatdothelasttwofilmshaveincommon?A.Bothofthemaremainlyaboutromance.B.Bothauthorslivedinthesamehouse.C.MostoftheirstoriesweresetintheUK.D.Theycausethepricesofhousestorise.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章给你介绍了一些著名电影拍摄片场的景点城市供你旅游时参考。【1题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第一句话“Shakespeareoncewrotethatalltheworldisastage,butthesedaysit’smorelikeamovieset.”（莎翁曾经说世界就是舞台，但是如今世界更像是电影集）以及下文四部影片拍摄片场的旅游城市介绍可推断出，作者说“Shakespeareoncewrotethatalltheworldisastage,butthesedaysit’smorelikeamovieset”意思是许多城市因为作为电影拍摄片场而出名。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Troy部分“AlthoughthePalaceofTroywasfilmedonsetsbuiltatSheppertonStudiosintheUK,mostofthe2004moviewasshotinMaltaandBajaCalifornia,Mexico,MaltawithhistoricsitesaridbeautifulbluewaterswasagoodchoicetoreplaceGreece.”（尽管《特洛伊宫》是在英国谢泼顿电影制片厂拍摄的，但2004年的大部分影片都是在马耳他和下加利福尼亚、墨西哥拍摄的，马耳他有历史遗迹，美丽的蓝色水域是取代希腊的好选择。）可知，《特洛伊宫》这部电影的拍摄背景分别在英国、马耳他、下加利福尼亚和墨西哥这几个国家，即《特洛伊宫》这部电影的背景在一个以上的国家。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据BridgetJones'sDiary部分“BridgetJonesisbroughttolifeaswewatchtheworkandromanceinLondon.HerspecialcornerflatisabovetheGlobeTavernbyBoroughMarket,oneofthecity’soldestandbiggestfoodmarkets.”（当在伦敦观看这作品和浪漫时，电影《BJ单身日记》被赋予了生命。她特别的街角公寓就在博罗市场旁的环球酒店的楼上，这是该市最古老、最大的食品市场之一。）及HarryPotter部分“J.K.RowlingstartedwritingtheHarryPotterbookswhileshewaslivinginEdinburgh,Scotland,soit’snosurprisethatshesetmostofthestorythere.”（J.K罗琳开始写《哈利波特》时她住在英格兰的爱丁堡，所以她把大部分故事以那里为背景就不足为奇了）可知，英国是这两部电影的共同拍摄地。故选C。BMost5-year-oldsarejustlearningtheirABCsbutonelittlegirlfromtheUKhasactuallywrittenabookthatwaspublishedinJanuary2022.Bella-JayDarkfromWeymouth,istheworld’syoungestfemaletobepublishedandwasawardedthetitlebyGuinnessWorldRecords(吉尼斯世界纪录).Herbook,TheLostCattellsthestoryofSnowy,acatwhogotlostaftergoingoutsidealoneatnight.Shehopesthebookwillteachchildrennottogooutsideatnightalone.Whilemanyadultwritersfindinspirationfortheirbooksfromlifeexperiences,Bella’screativevisionactuallycamefromoneofherdrawings.“Itstartedoffasapicture.MydaddysaidIcouldmakeabookandastorycamefromthepicture,”Bellasaid.Hermom,ChelsieSyme,wassurprisedthatthebookturnedoutaswellasitdid.“Iamjustreallyproudofher;IdidnotthinkitwasgoingtogothisfarsoI’mjustproudandwanttoseehergettheacknowledgementshedeserves.”Buthowdoyougetachild’shomemadebookpublished?AccordingtoSyme,theytookBella’sbooktoabookfairandfoundapublisherwillingtotakeachanceonit.SymehelpedBellawithproofingcopies(校对本)andmakingnecessarychanges.ToearntheGuinnessWorldRecordtitleofTheWorld’sYoungestPublishedAuthor,female,thebookhastobepublishedbyacommercialpublishinghouseandhaveatleast1000copiesprintedandsold.Bella’sbookmetthecriteria,soshewasawardedthetitle.Besidesbeinganaccomplishedauthor,Bellaisjustaregularkidwhoenjoysreading,swimming,andplayingonhertablet.Inherfreetime,sheiscurrentlyworkingonasequel(续篇)toSnowy’sstory.Whoknowswhatpearlsofwisdomwillcomenext?4.WhoisSnowy?A.Alostchild. B.Bella’spet.C.Atalentedfemalewriter. D.AcatinBella’swork.5.WhatistheinspirationofBella’sbook?A.Bella’slifeexperiences. B.Bella’sinterestinanimals.C.ApictureBelladrewherself. D.Astorybookboughtbyherfather.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“criteria”probablymeaninparagraph4?A.Records. B.Standards. C.Guesses. D.Difficulties.7.WhatcanweinferaboutBella?A.Herfatherisapainter.B.Hermotherisstrictwithher.C.Shewantstohelpchildrenwithherbook.D.Shepaysmuchattentiontoprotectinganimals.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了5岁的Bella于2022年1月出版她的书，被吉尼斯世界纪录授予世界上最年轻的出版女性的称号。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Herbook,TheLostCattellsthestoryofSnowy,acatwhogotlostaftergoingoutsidealoneatnight.(她的书《迷路的猫》讲述了一只名叫Snowy的猫的故事)”可知，Snowy是Bella书中的角色，一只猫。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whilemanyadultwritersfindinspirationfortheirbooksfromlifeexperiences,Bella’screativevisionactuallycamefromoneofherdrawings.“Itstartedoffasapicture.MydaddysaidIcouldmakeabookandastorycamefromthepicture,”Bellasaid.(虽然许多成人作家从生活经历中寻找灵感来写书，但Bella的创意灵感实际上来自她的一幅画。Bella说：“一开始只是一张照片。我爸爸说我可以根据这幅画写一本书和一个故事。”)”可知，Bella写书的灵感来源于Bella自己画的一幅画。故选C。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“ToearntheGuinnessWorldRecordtitleofTheWorld’sYoungestPublishedAuthor,female,thebookhastobepublishedbyacommercialpublishinghouseandhaveatleast1000copiesprintedandsold.(要想获得吉尼斯世界纪录“世界上最年轻的出版作家”的头衔，这本书必须由一家商业出版社出版，并印刷和销售至少1000册)”和“soshewasawardedthetitle(所以她被授予了这个头衔)”可知，Bella的书符合标准，所以她被授予了这个头衔，因此划线词criteria的意思是“标准”，和standards意思相近。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Shehopesthebookwillteachchildrennottogooutsideatnightalone.(她希望这本书能教育孩子们晚上不要独自外出)”可推知，Bella想通过自己的书去帮助孩子们。故选C。CHerearetwointerestingquestions.Areyouveryhappywithyourlifenow?Arepeoplehappierastheygetolder?Astudyfoundthatpeoplegenerallybecomehappierandexperiencelessworryafterage50.Infact,it-foundthatbytheageof85,peoplearehappierwiththeirlifethantheywereat18.ThefindingcamefromaGallupsurveyofmorethan340,000adultsbetweentheageof18and85intheUnitedStates.ArthurStone,aprofessorintheDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralScienceatStonyBrookUniversityinNewYorkledthestudy.Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof22and25.Stresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedtheirfifties.Happinesswashighestamongtheyoungestadultsandthoseintheirearlyseventies.Butthepeopleleastlikelytoreportfeelingnegativeemotionswerethoseintheirseventiesandeighties.Thesurveyalsofoundthatmenandwomenhadsimilaremotionalpatternsastheygrowolder.However,womenatallagesreportedmoresadness,stressandworrythanmendid.Sowhywouldhappinessincreasewithage?Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegetolder,theybecomemorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheiremotions.Theyalsospendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.Theresearchersalsoconsideredpossibleinfluenceslikehavingyoungchildren,beingunemployedorbeingsingle.Buttheyfoundthatinfluenceslikethesedidnotaffectthelevelsofhappinessandwell-beingrelatedtoage.Theoriginalgoalofthestudywastoconfirmthepopularbeliefthatagingisconnectedwithincreasedsleepproblems.Thesurveydidfindanincreaseduringmiddleage,especiallyinwomen.Butexceptforthat,peoplereportedthattheyfelttheirsleepquality,improvedastheygotolder.8.Basedonthestudy,whichadultagegroupexperiencesthemoststress?A.Adultsintheir20s. B.Adultsintheir50s.C.Adultsintheir70s. D.Adultsintheir80s.9.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetext?A.Stresslevelssignificantlydecreaseaspeopleage.B.Youngadultsfacelessstressduetobetterhealth.C.Peopleintheir70sexperiencethegreatesthappiness.D.Womenofdifferentagestendtoexperiencemorenegativeemotionsthanmen.10.Whatcouldbealikelyreasonforolderpeoplefeelinghappier?A.Theelderlydon'thavetheburdenofdailyhardwork.B.Theelderlyhaveamplefinancialresources.C.Theelderlyfeelmoregratefulfortheirlives.D.Theelderlyoftenfocusmoreonnegativeeventsforlongerperiods.11.WhatisTRUEaccordingtothefindingsofthestudy?A.Agingleadstoincreasedsleepissues.B.Theolderonegets,thepoorerthesleepquality.C.Sleepqualitydeclinesinmiddleagebutimprovesinlateryears.D.There'salinkbetweensleepandhappiness.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要说明人们在年老之后更多快乐更少担心，幸福感有所增加的现象。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof22and25.(他的研究小组发现，22岁至25岁的成年人的压力水平最高)”可知，20多岁的成年人压力最大。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“However,womenatallagesreportedmoresadness,stressandworrythanmendid.(然而，所有年龄段的女性都比男性报告了更多的悲伤、压力和担忧)”可知，不同年龄的女性往往比男性经历更多的负面情绪。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“Sowhywouldhappinessincreasewithage?Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegetolder,theybecomemorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheiremotions.Theyalsospendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.(那么，为什么幸福感会随着年龄增长而增长呢?有一种理论认为，随着年龄的增长，人们会对所拥有的一切更加感恩，也能更好地控制自己的情绪。他们也很少花时间去想不好的经历)”可知，老年人感觉更开心是因为他们对自己的生命更加感恩。故选C项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Theoriginalgoalofthestudywastoconfirmthepopularbeliefthatagingisconnectedwithincreasedsleepproblems.Thesurveydidfindanincreaseduringmiddleage,especiallyinwomen.Butexceptforthat,peoplereportedthattheyfelttheirsleepquality,improvedastheygotolder.(这项研究的最初目的是证实人们普遍认为衰老与睡眠问题增加有关。调查确实发现，在中年，尤其是女性中，这种情况有所增加。但除此之外，人们报告说，随着年龄的增长，他们感到自己的睡眠质量有所改善)”可知，人到中年睡眠质量会下降，但在晚年会有所改善。故选C项。DArecentreportrevealedthat,intheUSalone,27milliontonsofplasticendedupinlandfillsin2018,butonly3.1milliontonswererecycled.Worldwidethenumbersaresimilarlybad,withjust9%ofplasticbeingrecycled.Thestatisticsareevenworseforcertaintypesofplastic.Forexample,outof80,000tonsofpolystyrene(聚苯乙烯)containersgeneratedintheUnitedStates,onlyasmallamount(lessthan5,000tons)wasrecycled.Now,researchersatTheUniversityofQueenslandhavefoundaspeciesofwormwithanappetiteforpolystyrenecouldbethekeytoplasticrecyclingonamassscale.Thesuperwormcaneatthroughpolystyrene,thankstoabacterialenzyme(酶)intheirgut.Tostudyhowsuperwormsreacttopurelyplasticfood,researchersbrokeup135ofthecreaturesintothreeteams:onewasfedonlywheatbran(麸皮),anotherwasfedonlyplastics,andthethirdwasgivennothing.“Wefoundthebran-fedwormshavebeensignificantlyhealthierthantheplastic-fedorstarvedworms,morethandoublingtheirweightoverthethreeweekstheyhavebeenmonitored.Thoughtheplastic-fedwormsmadelessimpressivegains,theystillputonmoreweightthanthestarvedworms,”Dr.Rinkesaid.“Thissuggeststhewormscangetenergyfromplastics,mostlikelywiththehelpoftheirgutmicrobes.”Researchersusedatechniquecalledmetagenomicstofindseveralencodedenzymeswiththeabilitytodegrade(降低)polystyrene.Thelong-termgoalistoengineerenzymestodegradeplasticwasteinrecyclingplants.“Superwormsarelikeminirecyclingplants,eatingthepolystyreneandthenfeedingittothebacteriaintheirgut,”Dr.Rinkesaid.It’shopedthisbio-upcyclingwillpromoteplasticwasterecyclingandreducelandfills.Researcherssaidtheyaimtogrowthegutbacteriainthelabandfurthertestitsabilitytodegradepolystyrene.Thentheycanlookintohowtoupscalethisprocesstoalevelrequiredforanentirerecyclingplant.12.Whatproblemdothestatisticsinparagraph1indicate?A.Landfillsarepoorlymanaged.B.Ittakesalongtimeforplasticwastetobreakup.C.Manyplasticcontainersareofpoorquality.D.Therateofrecycledplasticsareverylow.13.Howdoresearchersconductthestudyonsuperworms?A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Bycollectingdata.C.Byintroducingaconcept. D.Byreferringtoapreviousstudy.14.WhatcanweinferfromDrRinke’swords?A.Superwormscouldsurviveononlyeatingpolystyrene.B.Superwormsshowedlittleinterestinwheatbran.C.Plastic-fedwormshadanobviousincreaseinweight.D.Bran-fedwormshadalongerlifespanthanplastic-fedworms.15.Whatdoresearchersplantodo?A.Conductexperimentsonotherwormspecies.B.Improvegutbacteria'sabilitytodegradeplastics.C.Raisesuperwormsonamassscaletosolveplasticpollution.D.Applythebio-upcyclingtechnologytorecyclingplants.【答案】12.D13.A14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种对聚苯乙烯有食欲的超级蠕虫可能是大规模塑料回收的关键。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Arecentreportrevealedthat,intheUSalone,27milliontonsofplasticendedupinlandfillsin2018,butonly3.1milliontonswererecycled.Worldwidethenumbersaresimilarlybad,withjust9%ofplasticbeingrecycled.Thestatisticsareevenworseforcertaintypesofplastic.(最近的一份报告显示，仅在美国，2018年就有2700万吨塑料最终进入垃圾填埋场，但只有310万吨回收。世界范围内的数据同样糟糕，只有9%的塑料被回收利用。某些类型的塑料的统计数据甚至更糟)”可推知，第一段说明了塑料的回收率很低的问题。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Tostudyhowsuperwormsreacttopurelyplasticfood,researchersbrokeup135ofthecreaturesintothreeteams:onewasfedonlywheatbran(麸皮),anotherwasfedonlyplastics,andthethirdwasgivennothing.(为了研究超级蠕虫对纯塑料食物的反应，研究人员将135只超级蠕虫分成三组：一组只喂麦麸，另一组只喂塑料，第三组什么都不喂)”可知，研究者通过作比较的方法对超级蠕虫进行研究。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段““Wefoundthebran-fedwormshavebeensignificantlyhealthierthantheplastic-fedorstarvedworms,morethandoublingtheirweightoverthethreeweekstheyhavebeenmonitored.Thoughtheplastic-fedwormsmadelessimpressivegains,theystillputonmoreweightthanthestarvedworms,”Dr.Rinkesaid.“Thissuggeststhewormscangetenergyfromplastics,mostlikelywiththehelpoftheirgutmicrobes.”(“我们发现，用麸皮喂养的蠕虫比用塑料喂养或挨饿的蠕虫要健康得多，在监测的三周内，它们的体重增加了一倍多。”林克博士说:“虽然塑料喂养的蠕虫没有那么明显的增长，但它们仍然比饥饿的蠕虫增重更多。这表明蠕虫可以从塑料中获取能量，很可能是在肠道微生物的帮助下。”)”可推知，超级蠕虫只靠吃聚苯乙烯就能存活。故选A项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Researcherssaidtheyaimtogrowthegutbacteriainthelabandfurthertestitsabilitytodegradepolystyrene.Thentheycanlookintohowtoupscalethisprocesstoalevelrequiredforanentirerecyclingplant.(研究人员表示，他们的目标是在实验室培养肠道细菌，并进一步测试其降解聚苯乙烯的能力。然后，他们可以研究如何将这一过程提升到整个回收厂所需的水平)”可知，研究者们计划将生物升级回收技术应用于回收工厂。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Developinggoodstudyhabitsisn’teasy._____16_____Inthisway,you’llbecomemoreandmoresuccessfulasastudent.Startbyallowingnointerruptions.____17____Youhavetogive100percentofyourattentiontoyourwork.Don’tallowyourselftobedistractedbyfriendsorfellowstudents.Keepyourgoalinmind;knowwhatyouhavetodoandwhenitneedstobedone.Don’tletotherpeopleinfluenceyouintonotdoingyourwork.____18____Ifyoustudybestinthemorning,plantodoyourhardestsubjectsfirst.Remembernottoleavetoday’sworktilltomorrow.Adelaylikethisiscalled“procrastination”.Ifyoudelayforanyreason,you’llfinditmoreandmoredifficulttogetthingsdonewhenyouneedto.Youmayrushtomakeupthetimeyouwastedgettingstarted,resultingincarelessanderror­filledwork.Anothergoodwaytostudyistotakepartinpartneredandgroup­studysessions.Theseallowstudentstoshareideas，andhelpeachotherdealwithdifficultmaterial.____19____Forminggoodstudyhabitscanbedifficultatfirst,andrequiresenergyandastrongwill.Butifyoucommityourselftoit,successwillbeyours.____20____Bydoingso,youwillknowthatyouhavetried.Ifyouaresatisfiedwithwhatyou’vedoneandknowthatyouhavetriedyourbest,yourgradewillbetheicingonthecake.A.Figureoutwhenyou’remostproductive.B.It’simpossibletostudywhilechattingorwatchingTV.C.Alwaysgiveyourbestintheclassroomandinstudysessions.D.Puttingoffyourtaskforanyreasoncanmakeitdifficulttofinishontime.E.Youmaydowellenoughbutmaybeyoucanhardlyachieveyourgoaleasily.F.Butstartwithaplan,putinalotofhardwork,andstudyingwillbecomeeasier.G.Inaddition,learningamongstudentsisagoodwayofgettingafirmergraspofthematerial.【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.G20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，养成良好的学习习惯对于学习是非常重要的，但养成良好的习惯并不容易，文章中提出了四个有效的建议。【16题详解】文章后四段内容是强调了学习计划和努力的重要性，只要有计划然后付出足够的努力，困难的学习也会变得很容易。故F项“Butstartwithaplan,putinalotofhardwork,andstudyingwillbecomeeasier.”符合上下文语境。所以选择F项。【17题详解】本段第一句“Startbyallowingnointerruptions”要求我们的学习要不受打扰，B项“It’simpossibletostudywhilechattingorwatchingTV.”恰好是不受打扰的例证。所以选择B项。【18题详解】根据横线后句Ifyoustudybestinthemorning,plantodoyourhardestsubjectsfirst.可知建议我们在效率最高的时候学习最难学习的内容。也就是说要提高学习的效率。故A项“Figureoutwhenyou’remostproductive.”符合上下文语境，所以选择A项。19题详解】本段第一句Anothergoodwaytostudyistotakepartinpartneredandgroup­studysessions.可知我们要在团队里学习，要向同伴学习。故G项“Inaddition,learningamongstudentsisagoodwayofgettingafirmergraspofthematerial.”符合上下文语境。所以选择G项。【20题详解】根据横线前句Butifyoucommityourselftoit,successwillbeyours.可知如果你非常认真，最终成功会属于你。所以在教室里和学习时间里，你都要全力以赴地学习。故C项符合上下文语境，所以选择C项正确。【点睛】本文小题2选择B项，是对本段中心句“Startbyallowingnointerruptions.”的例证说明。抓住中心句中的关键词“nointerruptions”。在定位选项的时候一定明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段和句中的衔接标志词。

在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。

一篇文章作为一个整体，是有其写作的线索与思路的，在选项定位中，要尤其注意文章的写作线索，文章的写作思路的连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一体。如果带入选项后，发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾，应更换其它选项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AtacafeinscenicAugsburg,PaulBlachut,awaiterisbusyatwork.It’sawarmSundayafternoonandmanypeoplehavecomeherefor_____21_____besidetheLechriver.ThemeltwaterfromtheAlpsmeansthewaterintheriverisvery_____22_____atthistimeofyear,andit_____23_____quickly.AlongtheS-shapedshore,peoplearepicnickingandchildrenareplaying.Amongthoseareamotherandhertwodaughters.They’restandingonthe_____24_____oftheriverbank,playingwithaninflatable(充气的)tube.Suddenly,thegirls_____25_____balanceandfallintotheriver.Worsestill,thegirls_____26_____holdontothetube,whichtheirmotherissittingin,_____27_____herintotheriver,too.Nowallthreearecaughtintheriver'scurrent.Blachut_____28_____fromhisworkwhenhehearssomeoneshouting,“ThreepeoplearedrowningintheLech!”Blachut_____29_____thethreewomenashortdistanceaway,wavingtheirarmsandtryingtograbanythingtheycan.Havingtakenlifesavingtrainingcourses,hehurriestotheriverbankandjumpsintotheriver.Despitethecold,whathecaresaboutis_____30_____savinglives.AsBlachut____31____them,hecantellthemotherisinthemosttrouble.Blachutimmediatelydivesunderthedrowningwoman,liftsherupwardandpusheshertowardtheshore._____32_____,anonlookeriscloseenoughto_____33_____thewoman’shand,pullinghertoshore.Without_____34_____Blachutjumpsintothecurrentagain,savingthedaughtersinthesamewayhedidtheirmother.Themotherexpressesher_____35_____appreciationforBlachut,andheishappytoseetheyaresafeandsound.21.A.leisure B.business C.study D.research22.A.warm B.pure C.cold D.shallow23.A.covers B.dries C.winds D.flows24.A.edge B.top C.bottom D.entrance25.A.keep B.break C.find D.lose26.A.energetically B.desperately C.properly D.unwillingly27.A.directing B.exposing C.pulling D.following28.A.looksup B.turnsup C.passesout D.bringsout29.A.urges B.spots C.assumes D.ignores30.A.allbut B.everythingbut C.anythingbut D.nothingbut31.A.departs B.approaches C.figures D.awakens32.A.However B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Otherwise33.A.grasp B.offer C.loose D.tie34.A.doubt B.permission C.exception D.delay35.A.breathtaking B.heartfelt C.heart-warming D.good-natured【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.D26.B27.C28.A29.B30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Blachut就落水母女三人的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个温暖的星期天下午，许多人来到莱赫河畔休闲。A.leisure休闲；B.business商业；C.study学习；D.research研究。由上文“It'sawarmSundayafternoon”可知，这是星期天下午，所以人们来河边“休闲”放松。故选A项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阿尔卑斯山的融水意味着每年这个时候河水都很冷，而且很快就会流下来。A.warm温暖的；B.pure纯的；C.cold冷的；D.shallow浅的。由下文“Despitethecold”可知，这时河水很“冷”。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿尔卑斯山的融水意味着每年这个时候河水都很冷，而且很快就会流下来。A.covers覆盖；B.dries干燥；C.winds蜿蜒；D.flows流动。由上文“ThemeltwaterfromtheAlps”可知，这里指融水从山上“流”下。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们站在河岸边玩充气管。A.edge边缘；B.top顶部；C.bottom底部；D.entrance入口。由下文“fallintotheriver”以及结合语境可知，她们是站在河“边缘”玩。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，女孩们失去了平衡，掉进了河里。A.keep保留；B.break断裂；C.find找到；D.lose失去。由下文“fallintotheriver”可知，这里应指孩子们“失去”了平衡。故选D项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，女孩们紧紧抓住母亲坐在上面的管子，把她也拉到河里。A.energetically精力充沛地；B.desperately拼命地；C.properly适当地；D.unwillingly不情愿地。由下文“Nowallthreearecaughtintheriver'scurrent”可知，小女孩们“拼命地”抓住管子，结果把母亲也带到河里了。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，女孩们紧紧抓住母亲坐在里面的管子，把她也拉到河里。A.directing指导；B.exposing暴露；C.pulling拉动；D.following跟随。由下文“Nowallthreearecaughtintheriver'scurrent”可知，小女孩们拼命地抓住管子，结果把母亲也“拉”到河里了。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：Blachut听到有人喊道，从工作中抬起头来。A.looksup抬头看；B.turnsup出现；C.passesout昏倒；D.bringsout生产。由下文“hehearssomeoneshouting”可知，Blachut听到有人喊道，所以“抬头”看发生了什么。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Blachut发现了不远处的三个女人，她们挥舞着手臂，试图抓住任何能抓住的东西。A.urges催促；B.spots看见；C.assumes假设；D.ignores忽略。由下文“wavingtheirarmsandtryingtograbanythingtheycan”可知，Blachut“看到”当时河里的情景。故选B项。【30题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：尽管天气寒冷，他关心的只是拯救生命。A.allbut所有除了；B.everythingbut每一个除了；C.anythingbut任何东西除了；D.nothingbut什么也没有除了。由下文“savinglives”以及结合语境可知，Blachut当时除了救她们“什么其它的事情都没有”考虑。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Blachut接近他们时，他可以看出母亲遇到了最大的麻烦。A.departs离开；B.approaches接近；C.figures想；D.awakens唤醒。由下文“liftsherupwardandpusheshertowardtheshore.”可知，Blachut先得“接近”她们，后面才能救。故选B项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，一名围观者足够靠近该女子的手，将其拉到岸上。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Meanwhile同时；D.Otherwise否则。由下文“anonlookeriscloseenoughto11thewoman'shand,”可知，“同时”，另一个围观者也伸出援救之手。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，一名围观者足够靠近该女子的手，将其拉到岸上。A.grasp抓住；B.offer提供；C.loose疏松；D.tie系。由下文“pullinghertoshore”可知，需要先“抓住”手，才能拉倒岸边。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫不迟疑，B