山东省枣庄市八中东校区2020-2021学年高二上学期第二次质量检测英语试题

高二年级第二次质量检测英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’sJohndoingnow?A.Playingfootball. B.WatchingTV. C.Studying.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Kate,don’tmakenoise.Thisfootballmatchisgreat.W:IthinkyoushouldturnofftheTV.BothJohnandIarepreparingforthefinalexam.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatcanthemando?A.Swim. B.Playsoccer. C.Playbasketball.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Youknow,Jasoncanplaytennis,swim,playsoccer…butIcan’t.W:Itdoesn’tmatter.Imean,youcanplaytheguitar,playbasketball,cookandevenspeakthreelanguages.Youaregreat.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwillthemeetingbeover?A.At11:00. B.At10:00. C.At9:30.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Whenwillthemeetingbegin?W:Accordingtotheschedule,itshouldstartat9:30,anditwilllastforanhourandahalf.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheplay?A.Terrible. B.Justsoso. C.Great.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:DidyougettowatchtheplaySunshineintheCapitalTheateryesterday?W:Yes,itcouldn’tbebetter.ButIdidn’tlikethepeoplethere.Theyalwaysmadenoises.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Snowy. B.Rainy. C.Sunny.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:It’srainingagain.Theweatherreportsaysit’sgoingtosnowtonight.Idon’tlikethiskindofweather.W:Butit’sgoingtobesunnythisweekend.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Wheredoesthemanwanttogo?A.Thelibrary. B.Thelab. C.Thecafé.7.What’stheman’smajor?A.Psychology. B.Physics. C.Chemistry.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Canyougivemearidetothelibrary?W:Studyingatthelibraryagain?Itakejustasmanyclassesasyoudo,butIonlyhaveaboutanhourofstudyingtodoeveryday.AndIcangetallmyworkdoneeitherhereathomeoratthecafédowntheroad.M:Well,I’mmajoringinphysics.Ihaveseveralprojectsdueeachmonth,andthat’safterIspendtenorfifteenhoursaweekinthelab.You’reapsychologymajor.Youhaveonemidtermandonefinalexamforeachclass,right?W:Yeah…M:You’vegotitsoeasy!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whereisthewomangoingfirst?A.Theclassroom. B.Thelibrary. C.Thegym.9.Whatwillthewomandointhelibrary?A.Borrowsomebooks. B.Returnsomebooks. C.Studyfortheexam.10.Whydothespeakersgotothegym?A.Towatchagame. B.TotakeaPEclass. C.Togoswimming.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Jenny.Areyougoingtoschoolnow?W:Yup.IhaveEnglishat9:00inthemorning.M:Wewillhaveourmidtermexamsnextmonth.Iplantolookforsomeimportantbooksinthelibrary.Doyouwanttojoinme?W:Sure.Ineedtoreturnsomebooks.M:Great.Wecangototheswimmingpoolinthegymafterthat.W:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.Wecanchilloutalittleinsuchahotsummer.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heisinpoorhealth.B.Hewantstostayathometoday.C.Hehasn’tfinishedhishomeworkyet.12.WhatrelationisMr.Belltotheman?A.Hisneighbor. B.Histeacher. C.Hisfather.13.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Helphimhandinhisproject.B.Calltoaskforleave.C.Drivehimtoschoolrightnow.【答案】11.A12.B13.A【解析】【原文】W:Oh,youlookill.M:Idon’tfeeltoogood.Imustadmit.W:Thenyoushouldn’tgotoschooltoday.M:Oh,Ihaveto.Ican’tstayathometoday—we’vegottohandinourgeographyprojects.It’sthelastchance.Andit’sjustacold.Youalwaysfeelworsewhenyoufirstgetup.I’llbefineonceI’vehadawashandabitofbreakfast.W:Itwon’thurttomissaday.Youlookverypale,andthere’safluvirusgoingroundatthemoment.Ellanextdoorhasgotflu.M:Ihaven’tgottheflu,mom.AndMr.BellwillthinkthatI’mabsentbecausetoday’sthedeadlinefortheprojectandIhaven’tfinishedit.W:Don’tbesilly—you’reoneofhisstarpupils.Surely,he’snotgoingtofailyoubecauseyouareill.Youhaven’tevenmissedadayallyearasfarasIremember.M:Ohwell,Isupposeyou’reright.PerhapsIwillstayathome,justtoday.Butcouldyoudomeafavor?DriveroundtoschoolanddelivermyprojecttoMr.Bell.W:It’squiteunnecessary.IwillcallMr.Bellrightnow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatwillthemandointhelateafternoon?A.Giveaspeech. B.Writeamagazinearticle. C.Preparesomematerials.15.Wherewillthemanhavedinnertonight?A.Athome. B.Intheoffice. C.Inameetingroom.16Howwillthemangobackhome?A.Bybus. B.Bycar. C.Bytaxi.【答案】14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】M:Ihavesuchabusydaytoday.Idon’tknowwhenI’llbehome.Canyoupickupoursonfromschooltoday?W:Oh,youhavetospeakattheHighSchoolofScienceandTechnologytoday?M:That’llbefinishedby3o’clock.ButthenIhavetogototheofficeandpreparemynotesformyspeechattheputerSociety’sannualdinnertonight.W:Well,atleastyourmagazinearticlehasalreadybeenwrittenandgiventoyoureditor.Itwasduetoday,wasn’tit?M:Yes,atleastthat’sdone.Infact,itshouldbepublishedsometimenextmonth.W:Doyouthinkyou’llbegiventimetoeattonightorwillyouhavetospendtheentireeveningansweringquestions?M:Imightbeaskedtospeakassoonaseveryonesitsdownfordinner.Inthatcase,IguessI’llbeprettyhungrywhenIgethome.W:Doyouhaveanyideawhattimeyou’llbefinished?M:No.W:Well,I’llhavesomethingreadyforyoutoeat.Canyoucatchthelastbus?Ormaybeyoushouldtakeataxi.M:Don’tworry,dear.That’salreadybeentakencareof.TheputerSocietyissendingacarforme.It’spickingmeupattheofficeatsixandwillbringmehomeafterthemeeting.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhatcanwelearnaboutPedalPower?A.Itwasstartedin1996.B.Itgivesbicyclestopeopleforfree.C.Itsendsbicyclestopoorareasregularly.18.WhathappenedtoPedalPowerinAugust2000?A.Itcouldn’tmeetitscosts.B.ItwonanEnterpriseAward.C.ItwascriticizedbytheBritishmedia.19.WhendidDanPearmangotoEcuador?A.In1993. B.In1998. C.In2001.20.WhywasDanPearman’sneighborsuccessfulinbusiness?A.Heofferedmanyjobstocraftsmeninthetown.B.Hewasthemostskilledcraftsmaninthevillage.C.Hecouldreachcustomerseasilybyridinghisbike.【答案】17.C18.A19.A20.C【解析】【原文】M:PedalPowerisasmallcharitybasedmainlyintheUK.AtPedalPower,theycollectsecondhandbikesintheUKandsendthemtosomeofthepoorestregionsintheworld.Whentheydistributebikesoverseas,theydon’tgivethemawayforfree.Inordertocontinueoperatingtheyneedtohaveaconstantsupplyofbikeswhichtheysendouteverysixmonths.InAugust2000,theysimplyranoutofmoney.Itwasaterriblesituation.Fortunately,inOctober2001theywonanEnterpriseAwardwhichhelpedthemenormously.DanPearmanisthefounderofPedalPower.HegottheideaofexportingbicyclestodevelopingcountrieswhilehewasinEcuador.DanPearmanwenttherein1993andhejoinedavoluntaryorganization.WhereDanPearmanlivedinEcuadorwasaruralarea.Hisneighborhadtheonlybicycleinthevillage,whereaseveryoneelsewalkedeverywhere.Hisneighbor’sbusinesswasverysuccessful.ForyearsDanPearmancouldn’tunderstandwhy.Thenherealizedhavingabikemeanthisneighborcouldreachanywherehelikedwithoutmuchtrouble.Otherlocalcarpenterscouldonlyacceptjobsnearby,sonomatterhowskilledtheywere,theycouldneverdoasmanyjobsashisneighbor.WhenhereturnedtotheUKin1998,hestartedplanningPedalPower.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文每，从题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIfyou'relookingtofullyexperienceAfrica'sbreathtakingscenery,andhaveaneyeforadventure,thenthere'sonlyoneplacetobe.Here,insideAfricapicksfourofthebesthikesfromacrossthecontinent.1.KilimanjaroMakeittothetopofTanzania's5,895meterKilimanjaro,andyou'llbestandingatAfrica'shighestpoint.ThemountainisAfrica'smostvisitedhikingdestination,attractingtensofthousandsoftouristsandadventureseveryyear.Youdon'thavetoatechnicalclimbertoclimbMountKilimanjaro;youjustneednotbeprettyphysicallyfit.Therearesixroutestochoosefromdifficulty,sceneryandsuccess.Nospecialequipment2.AtlasmountainsTheHighAtlasisanimpressivemountainousrangeincentralMoroccothathostsNorthAfrica'shighestpeak.MountToubkal,at4,165meters.There'savarietyofroutestofollowduringyourclimbbutinexperiencedclimbersshouldnotethatthehikethroughthemountain'schallengingzonesisquitedemanding.3.MountKenyaAlongextinctvolcano.MountKenyaisAfrica'ssecondhighestpeak,at5,199meters.Lyingjustsouthoftheequator,themountain'sdeepvalleysanddiversewildlifewillguaranteeyouwonderfulsceneryandafantastichikingexperience.Theclimb,however,tothemountain'ssteepicecappedpeaksisquitechallenging,makingitthemosttechnical,probably,inthatEastAfricanarea.4.MountMeruMountMerumayforeverexistintheshadowofitsneighbor,Kilimanjaro,butTanzania'ssecondhighestmountain(4,565meters)hasitsowndevotees.It'slessknown,butMountMeruisforthetrueenthusiastwhowantstoexperiencewhatveryfewpeopleactuallydo.MountMeruisoftenusedbymountaineerstoaccustomthemselvesbeforetryingtoconquerKilimanjaro,orbythosewantingahikewiththelocalMassai.21.WhatdoweknowaboutKilimanjaro?A.It'sparativelyeasytoclimb.B.It'sAfrica'ssecondhighestmountain.C.Itssixroutesareequallydifficult.D.ItliestotheeastofTanzania.22.WhydomountaineersclimbMountMerufirstbeforetheydoKilimanjaro?A.Toavoidbigcrowdsofclimbers. B.TohikewiththelocalMassai.C.Togetusedtothesituation. D.Toexperiencewhatmostpeopledo.23.Whichisthelowestofthefour?A.Kilimanjaro B.AtlasmountainsC.MountKenya D.MountMeru【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了非洲大陆四次最好的徒步旅行的去处。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Kilimanjaro部分中的“Youdon'thavetoatechnicalclimbertoclimbMountKilimanjaro;youjustneednotbeprettyphysicallyfit.”可知攀登乞力马扎罗山不需要技术攀登者，不需要很健康。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据MountMeru部分中的“MountMeruisoftenusedbymountaineerstoaccustomthemselvesbeforetryingtoconquerKilimanjaro”可知马鲁山常被登山爱好者用来在征服乞力马扎罗之前使自己适应，故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据1.Kilimanjaro部分中的“MakeittothetopofTanzania's5,895meterKilimanjaro,”；2.Atlasmountains部分中的“...thathostsNorthAfrica'shighestpeak.MountToubkal,at4,165meters.”；3.MountKenya部分中的“Alongextinctvolcano.MountKenyaisAfrica'ssecondhighestpeak,at5,199meters.”以及4.MountMeru部分中的“butTanzania'ssecondhighestmountain(4,565meters)hasitsowndevotees.”可知阿特拉斯山脉是这四个山脉中最低的一个，故选B。BLebanesefilmmakerNadineLabakihasbeethefirstfemaleartistintheArabworldtobenominated(提名)foranAcademyAward,orOscar.LabakidirectedthefilmCapernaum,afilmaboutaSyrianrefugee(难民)boyandaKenyanbabywholivewithoutparentsonthestreetsofBeirut.Itwasnominatedforbestforeignlanguagefilm.Labakiwil1beoneofthefewfemaledirectorstopeteforanOscarthisyear.ShetoldtheAssociatedpress"Iwishtherewerealotmorewomenfilmmakersthisyearrepresented,nominatedintheOscars.ButIamsureinafewyearswewon'tbehavingthisproblemanymore."UnlikeintheWest,womenfilmmakersareindustryleadersinLebanon.Capernaumreceiveda15minutestandingovation(热烈欢迎)atthisyear'sCannesFilmFestival.ItwontheJuryPrize—thethirdhighestawardgivenatCannes.TheUnitedNationshaspubliclypraisedthefilm.Lebanon'sForeignMinistersaid.CapernaumputaLebanesetouchontheinternationalfilmindustry.TheOscarnominationofCapernaumisthesecondforLebanonintwoyearsinthefilmgroup.Itdemonstratesthecountry'srisingstarpower.Labakicalledmakingthemoviealifechangingexperience.ShesaidCapernaumhelpshumanizetherealstrugglesofrefugeesonlybrieflytalkedaboutinthenews.Wecan'thelpbutacknowledgethatthereisafearofrefugeesingeneralaroundtheworldandtherearethesewallswearebuilding,andthisfearthatkeepsgrowing,"Labakisaid.CapernaumwillpeteagainstfourotherfilmsfortheOscar,includingawardsseasonfavoriteRoma.DirectedbyMexico'sAlfonsoCuaron,itearned10Oscarnominations,includingforbestpicture.24.WheredoesLabakiefrom?A.Syria. B.KenyaC.Lebanon. D.Mexico.25WhatdoweknowfromLabaki'swordsinParagraph3?A.FewwomendirectorshavebeennominatedintheOscars.B.ShewasthefirstfemaleartisttopeteforanOscar.C.MorewomendirectorswillenterforOscarthisyear.D.Femaledirectorshaveproblemswiththeirfilms.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCapernaum?A.Itisthebestforeignlanguagefilm.B.Itshowstherisingpowerofwomen.C.IthaswonthefirstprizeatCannes.D.Itishighlythoughtof.27.Whatdoestheunderlined'it'inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Capernaum. B.TheOscar.C.Roma. D.Bestpicture.【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了黎巴嫩女导演NadineLabaki及其导演的电影Capernaum的相关情况。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Lebanesefilmmaker"可知，NadineLaba如是黎巴嫩人，故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Iwishtherewerealotmorewomenfilmmakersthisyearrepresented,nominatedintheOscars.ButIamsureinafewyearswewon'tbehavingthisproblemanymore.”可知，她希望今年能有更多的女导演被提名奥斯卡奖，并希望今后不再有类似问题。由此可以推断近几年没有几位女性导演被提名奥斯卡奖，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第五、六、七段Capernaumreceiveda15minutestandingovationatthisyear'sCannesFilmFestival.ItwontheJuryPrize—thethirdhighestawardgivenatCannes.TheUnitedNationshaspubliclypraisedthefilm.Lebanon'sForeignMinistersaid.CapernaumputaLebanesetouchontheinternationalfilmindustry.（Capernaum在今年的戛纳电影节上获得了15分钟的起立鼓掌。它获得了评审团奖——戛纳颁发的第三高奖项。联合国公开赞扬了这部电影。黎巴嫩外交部长说。Capernaum使黎巴嫩人接触了国际电影业。）可知，Capernaum这部电影获得了来自各方面的赞美。由此可知，这部电影获得了很高的评价，故选D。【27题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文最后一段中的“CapernaumwillpeteagainstfourotherfilmsfortheOscar,includingawardsseasonfavoriteRoma.DirectedbyMexico'sAlfonsoCuaron”提到了非常受欢迎的电影Roma，然后本句就谈到这部电影是由谁导演，并获得十项提名。由此可知，此处it指代电影Roma，故选C。CAstheparentoftwoteenagerswhohaveplayedmultiplesportsovertheyears,I’veseenthegood,thebad,theuglyandtheabsolutelycruel.However,whenIthinkaboutthevalueofsportsandwhymykidscontinuetoplaysportsteachkidslessonstobeesuccessfuladults.Throughsports,kidslearnhowtoworkinteams,havetotakerisks,howtochallengethemselvestobebetter,andhowtobehavewhentheylose—andwhentheywin.Whetherkidsplaysoccer,baseball,football,orcheer,theylearntheyarepartofateamwhereonepersondependsonanother.Whenmysonplaysbaseball,he’snottheonlyonewhoneedstoplaywell;hedependsonhisdefensetomaketheplaysinthefield.Whenmydaughterplaystennis,shedependsonherpartnertocutofftheballatthenetandwinthepoint,andthetennisteamdependsoneachpersoninordertowintheoverallmatch.Sportsalsoteachchildrentotrustandrespectthedecisionsofsomeonewhounderstandshowtheentireteamneedstoworkinordertosucceed.Sadly,though,youthsportshavesufferedfromthe“winningisn’teverything;it’stheonlything”attitude.Theyhavebeetoomuchofarefectionofprofessionalsports.Winningisahappyresult,butthelessonsfromlosingareevenmoreimportant.Whenmydaughterlosestennismatch,hercoachremindsherthatyoulearnmorefromlosingthanfromwinning.Losingmakesyoufocusonimprovingyourskillsandyourstrategy.We’regoingtolearnfromourmistakesandnotrepeatthem.Ibelievethatparticipatinginyouthsportsismuchmorethanbuildingasoundbodywinningascholarshiptocollege.Sportsarethebestwaytoshapeandbuildmoreselfmotivatedandhappierchildrenandhelpthembeemoreselfmotivatedandhappieradults.28.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoyouthsports?A.Critical. B.Positive.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.29.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Whatsportstheauthor’skidstake.B.Whattheauthor’skidsdoinsports.C.Howsportsbenefittheauthorskids.D.Howtheauthor’skidscontinuetoplaysports.30.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4mean?A.Teenagersdon’thavetowineverytime.B.Winningistheonlygoalforteenplayers.C.Teenagersshouldworktogethertosucceed.D.Winningisnotthemostimportantinsports.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.YouthSportsBuildBetterAdultsB.TeenagersSufferfromYouthSportsC.LosingBringsMorethanWinningDoesD.TeenagersPerformBetterthanAdultsinSports【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的儿子和女儿参加运动的经历，启迪我们，运动是塑造和培养更多自我激励和快乐的孩子的最好方式，帮助他们变得更有上进心，更快乐的成年人。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句Sportsalsoteachchildrentotrustandrespectthedecisionsofsomeonewhounderstandshowtheentireteamneedstoworkinordertosucceed.体育运动也教会孩子们去信任和尊重，可知，作者对年轻人的运动态度是积极的。故B项正确。【29题详解】段落大意题。根据第二段中Throughsports,kidslearnhowtoworkinteams,howtotakerisk,howtochallengethemselvestobebetter,andhowtobehavewhentheylose—andwhentheywin.可知，通过体育运动，孩子们所学会的，所以第二段讲的是“运动怎样有利于作者的孩子”，故C项正确。【30题详解】句意猜测题。根据第四段第二、三句Theyhavebeetoomuchofareflectionofprofessionalsports.Winningisahappyresult,butthelessonsfromlosingareevenmoreimportant.他们已经过多地反映了职业体育运动。胜利是一个快乐的结果，但是失败的教训更加重要。可知划线部分的意思是“胜利是青少年球员的唯一目标。”故B项正确。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句Sportsarethebestwaytoshapeandbuildmoreselfmotivateandhappierchildrenandhelpthembeemoreselfmotivatedandhappieradults.运动是塑造和培养更多自我激励和快乐的孩子的最好方式，帮助他们变得更有上进心，更快乐的成年人。故A项正确。DIn2016,ateamofJapanesescientistsfoundbacteriacapableofbreakingdownand“eating”oneoftheworld’smostpopularplasticspolyethyleneterephthalate(PET).Itwasvaluedasapotentialbreakthroughatthetime.ButanewdiscoverycameasateamofBritishscientistsexaminedanenzyme(酶)producedbytheJapanesebacteriatofindoutmoreaboutitsstructure.Whileoperatingthestructuretobetterunderstandhowitworked,theyaccidentallycreatedthechangedenzymethat’sevenmoreefficientatbreakingdownplasticbottles.Theresearchersarenowworkingtofurtherimprovetheenzymesoitcanbeusedonanindustrialscale.It’spossiblethatwithinthenextfewyearstherecouldbeanindustriallypossibleprocessforturningPETintoothersubstancessoitcanberecycled.Theabilitytoscaleuptheprocesswillbeimportant.Plasticpollutionisfastbeingoneofthebiggestenvironmentalissuesofourtime.Morethan1millionplasticbottlesareboughtaroundtheworldeveryminute.MostofthesebottlesaremadefromPET，whichcantakeupto1000yearstobiodegrade(生物降解),andmanyareleftintheoceans.OverhalfofglobalPETwasteisnotcollectedforrecyclingandonly7percentofbottlesarerecycledintonewbottles.Somescientistssaythebreakthrough,thoughpromising,isnowherenearenoughtosolveourpollutioncrisis.Theseenzymesarenotabundantlypresentinnature.Soyouwouldneedtoproducetheenzymefirst,thenaddittothePETplastictodegradeit.”Thisislikelytobeaslowprocess.IfyouhavegonethroughthetroubleofcollectingthePETwaste,thenthereareclearlyfarbetterwaystorecycleitorburnitforenergy,”saidWim,headoftheIndustrialBiotechnologyCenter.Hesuggestedtheuseofmerciallyavailablebiodegradablebioplasticswouldstillbeabetterbet.32.WhatunexpecteddiscoverydidtheBritishscientistsmake?A.Aneffectivewaytodealwithplasticwaste.B.ApotentialsolutionincollectingPETwaste.C.Thewaytounderstandthestructureofenzymebetter.D.TherealvalueofthediscoverybyJapanesescientists.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theprocess”inParagraph3actuallyreferto?A.Theprocesstofindtheenzyme.B.Theprocesstomakemoreplastics.C.TheprocesstoreducethePETwaste.D.TheprocesstoproducekindofnewPET.34.WhatistheproblemaboutrecyclingthePETwaste?A.Largequantitiesofplasticbottlesareused.B.OceanplasticwasteishardertobiodegradeC.MostofthePETwasteisleftwithouttreatment.D.MostoftheplasticproductsaremadefromPET.35.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?A.Theenzymedoesnotexistinnature.B.Theenzymehashelpedtosolvetheplasticproblems.C.Burningplasticwasteforenergyisnowthebestwaytoridit.D.WehavealongwaytogotousetheenzymetorecyclePETwaste.【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。在2016年，一组日本科学家发现了能够分解并“吃掉”世界上最流行的塑料聚乙烯对苯二酸酯（PET）的细菌。在当时，它被认为是一个潜在的突破。研究人员目前正在努力进一步改进这种酶，使其能够在工业规模上使用。但是用这种酶来回收PET废物，我们还有很长的路要走。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Whileoperatingthestructuretobetterunderstandhowitworked,theyaccidentallycreatedthechangedenzymethat’sevenmoreefficientatbreakingdownplasticbottles.可知，在操作这个结构以更好地理解它是如何工作的时候，他们无意中创造了一种酶可以更有效地降解塑料瓶。英国科学家未料到的发现是找到了处理塑料垃圾的有效方法。故A项正确。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句It’spossiblethatwithinthenextfewyearstherecouldbeanindustriallypossibleprocessforturningPETintoothersubstancessoitcanberecycled.可知，有可能在接下来几年里有一种工业加工可能把PET转变成其他物质，以便他能被循环利用。第三段第一句Theabilitytoscaleuptheprocesswillbeimportant.划线部分的意思是“生产新PET的过程。”故D项正确。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中MostofthesebottlesaremadefromPET，whichcantakeupto1000yearstobiodegrade(生物降解),andmanyareleftintheoceans.OverhalfofglobalPETwasteisnotcollectedforrecycling可知，大多数PET制成的瓶子要花费1000年才能生物降解，很多被排到海洋。一半以上全球的PET垃圾没有被回收利用，大部分的PET垃圾都没有经过处理。故C项正确。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Thisislikelytobeaslowprocess.IfyouhavegonethroughthetroubleofcollectingthePETwaste,thenthereareclearlyfarbetterwaystorecycleitorburnitforenergy可知，这可能是一个缓慢的过程。如果你经历了回收PET垃圾的困扰，这有更好的方法来回收或者为了能源而燃烧它们。用这种酶来回收PET废物我们还有很长的路要走。故D项正确。第二节(共5个小题：每个小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。GivingYourEyesRegularRestsImaginesuchascene:duringthesummervacation,manyofusprefertospendmostofourdaystartingatputerscreens.Readingthisarticlemeanstheremaybeachanceyou'relookingatonerightnow.____36____BrisbaneoptometryprofessorNathanEfrondoesnotconsiderputerscreens"harmful"tooureyes.Butheadmitsifyouuseonealotyouincreaseyourriskofbeingslightlymoreshortsighted——whereyoureyesfocuswellonlyoncloseobjectswhilemoredistantobjectsappearvague.____37____Intheshorterterm,longviewingofaputerscreencanmakeanyslightexistingvisionproblemsmorenoticeable.___38___—eyestrain,headaches,grittyeyesandblurryvision.Butthisisonlytemporaryandcanbereducedby:Adjustingthescreendisplaysothecontrastishighandthebrightnessfeelsfortable.____39____Givingyoureyesregularrestsfromlookingatthescreen.TheOptometristsAssociationofAustraliaremendsyoudothisforfivetotenminuteseveryonetotwohoursofputeruse.____40____A.ProtectingeyesightbyhavingfoodsrichinvitaminC.B.Doeslookingataputerscreendamageyoureyes?C.It'sagoodtimetomakephonecallsordoothertasks.D.Havinglightingthatdoesnotproduceglareonthescreen.E.Awellbalanceddietalsohelpsyoustayatahealthyweight.F.Thisisespeciallythecaseforchildren,whoseeyesarestilldeveloping.G.Itcanalsogiveyouwhatissometimesknownas"putervisionsymptom."【答案】36.B37.F38.G39.A40.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。我们很多人都喜欢把一天的大部分时间花在电脑屏幕前，教授NathanEfron承认，如果你经常使用，你患近视的风险就会增加，因为你的眼睛只能专注于近距离的物体，而远距离的物体则显得模糊。对此文章提出了一些保护视力的方法。【36题详解】根据后文“BrisbaneoptometryprofessorNathanEfrondoesnotconsiderputerscreens‘harmful’tooureyes(布里斯班验光学教授NathanEfron并不认为电脑屏幕对我们的眼睛“有害”)”可知，后文谈论的是电脑屏幕是否对我们眼睛的危害，说明本句提出了有关电脑屏幕会伤害眼睛的疑问，后文中"harmful"tooureyes可对应到B选项中damageyoureyes。且故B选项“看电脑屏幕会伤害你的眼睛吗？”符合语境，故选B。【37题详解】根据上文“Butheadmitsifyouuseonealot,youincreaseyourriskofbeingslightlymoreshortsighted——whereyoureyesfocuswellonlyoncloseobjectswhilemoredistantobjectsappearvague.(但他承认，如果你经常使用，你患近视的风险就会增加，因为你的眼睛只能专注于近距离的物体，而远距离的物体则显得模糊)”可知，上文提到用眼过度导致近视的问题出现，故本句承接上文继续说明哪一类人群受影响较大，故F选项“这对儿童来说尤其如此，他们的眼睛还在发育中”符合语境，故选F。【38题详解】根据后文“—eyestrain,headaches,grittyeyesandblurryvision.(视觉疲劳、头痛、砂眼、视力模糊)”可知，本空后有破折号，破折号具有解释说明作用，破折号后写的是视觉疲劳，头痛，砂眼，视力模糊，均是眼睛出现问题的症状，故G选项“它会让你产生‘电脑视觉症’”符合语境，故选G。【39题详解】根据上文中“Butthisisonlytemporaryandcanbereducedby:(但这只是暂时的，可以通过以下方式加以减少)”以及“Adjustingthescreendisplaysothecontrastishighandthebrightnessfeelsfortable.(调整屏幕显示，使对比度高，亮度舒适)”可知，本句应是说明一种保护视力的方法，故A选项“食用富含维生素C的食物来保护视力”符合语境，故选A。【40题详解】根据上文“Givingyoureyesregularrestsfromlookingatthescreen.TheOptometristsAssociationofAustraliaremendsyoudothisforfivetotenminuteseveryonetotwohoursofputeruse.(让你的眼睛在盯着屏幕的时候有规律地休息一下。澳大利亚验光师协会建议你在使用电脑的每一到两个小时就休息五到十分钟)”可知，上文提到了要让眼睛休息，休息即意味着眼睛不盯着电脑屏幕，而是做些其他的事情来让眼睛得到休息，故C选项“这段时间适合打或做其他工作”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Haveyouseenpeoplewhotakepicturesoffoodformorethan10minutesbeforeeating?MyfriendStellaissuchanexample.Everytimewewenttoarestaurant,shewouldnottakeabiteuntilallthedisheswe___41___wereonthetable.Thenshewouldspendfiveminutesin___42___thedishesinaseeminglyrandombutinfact___43___order.Thenthemostimportantpart:takingpictures.Afterthat,shewouldchooseoneofthe___44___andclickinthefilter(滤镜)app.Thefoodeventuallylooked10timesmoredeliciousthanitreallywas,butwehadno___45___toreallyenjoyit—itallwentcold.ActuallyStella’sreallifeismuchlesselegant.Forexample,shehatestowashthedishes,sosheleavestheminthesinkfordays.Manypeoplecaretoomuchaboutothers'opinionsandtrytoohardto___46___others.Theyfindithardtobe___47___andtoacceptthemselves,andthustheyareafraidtoshowtheir___48___lifeonsocialmedia.Whattheyaretryingtoproveis___49___whattheylackinreality.Butthiswillnotbringany____50____toreality,astheystill_____51_____thesameoldpatternoflife.Iftheyreallywantanelegantlife,theyshouldputmore____52____intoachievingit____53____fabricating(伪造)it.Beingmoreconfident,____54____themselvesandtryingtheirbesttobebetteraremuchmoremeaningfulthan____55____theirlifeonsocialmedia.41.A.ordered B.served C.offered D.prepared42.A.cooking B.washing C.setting D.collecting43.A.messy B.arranged C.casual D.missed44.A.dishes B.restaurants C.tables D.pictures45.A.chance B.ch