08初中英语语法课件-动词的时态、语态

英语语法专题课件英语语法专题1.名词2.冠词、数词3.代词4.介词、连词5.形容词、副词6.动词7.非谓语动词8.动词的时态、语态9.句子种类10.句子类型11.主谓一致和倒装句12.情景交际动词的时态、语态知识网络SimplePresentTense一般现在时Warmup一般现在时Whatdoyouusuallydoafterschool?

Iusuallyhelpmymum.writeemails.goswimming.visitmygrandma.haveamusiclesson.……

他们每天都在做的事，他们现在很自由，强调了他们的状态，也表述了他们经常做某事，这体现了英语时态中三大基本时态之一——一般现在时。一般现在时用来表达当下人或事物存在的状态、特征，或者强调表述经常性和习惯性动作，或者对客观真理的表达，在格言警句的表述中也会常见到一般现在时。

一般现在时

一般现在时的主要用法和概念：一般现在时表示人或事物存在的状态；表达经常性习惯性动作；表述客观真理，格言警句；表述预先计划安排的事情。Ilike

thissalad.

Helikes

thesalad,too.Igo

toschooleveryday.

Shegoes

toschooleveryday.Jackputs

avaseonthewindow.Ifly

kitesonweekends.

一般现在时

一般现在时中当主语是第三人称单数的时候，后面的谓语动词要有形式上的变化，因此在观察句子主语时要注意：主语是否同时满足单数、第三人称两个条件。例如：they是第三人称却不是单数；I是单数却不是第三人称；在满足两个条件的同时，后面的动词才能有形势变化，变化方式通过表格呈现。

Presentation

GrammarBox

动词在一般现在时中的单数第三人称变化方法和名词变复数有相似之处，可以通过下面的表格来进行对比参考。规则变化单词末尾直接加s例如：

put-putsmake-makes以o结尾的单词加es例如：

go-goesdo-does以s、x、sh、ch结尾的单词加es例如：

fix-fixesbrush-brushes以辅音加y的动词变y为i加es例如：

study-studiesfly-flies不规则变化常见的实义动词have单三形式has，be动词单三形式是is。说出下列单词的单三形式

Presentation

OralPracticedigswimplaydogoteachcatchfinishwashreplytrymarrydigsswimsplaysdoesgoesteachescatchesfinisheswashestriesrepliesmarries

Presentation

OralPractice说出例句所体现的是一般现在时的哪种用法？

Thebooksareonthetable.MyfatherisanEnglishteacher.Wehavemusicclasseverytwodays.Healwaysplayswithhisdog.Oneplusoneistwo.Practicemakesperfect.表客观存在表客观存在表示安排好的事情表示习惯性动作表客观真理格言警句Practice小结Practice小结考点一动词的时态1．一般现在时基本用法：(1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作；Healwayshelpsothers.他总是帮助别人。(2)表示现在的情况或状态；Heisateacher.他是个老师。(3)表示客观事实和普遍真理。Thesunrisesintheeast.太阳从东边升起。构成形式：am/is/are或实义动词的原形(主语是第三人称单数时，动词要用第三人称单数形式)。与一般现在时连用的时间状语有：always，often，usually，sometimes，onceaweek，everyday等。动词第三人称单数形式的构成：①一般动词在词尾直接加­s，如lives，works等。②以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的，加­es，如goes，does,washes,passes等。③以辅音字母＋y结尾的，把y变为i，再加­es，如fly—flies，study—studies，worry—worries；以元音字母＋y结尾的，直接加­s，如enjoy—enjoys，play—plays。④特殊情况：have—has，am/are—isMid­AutumnDayusuallycomesinSeptemberorOctobereveryyear.中秋节通常都在每年的九月或十月。考查热点：如果主句为一般将来时，if，unless等引导的条件状语从句和when，until，assoonas等引导的时间状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来。Whataboutgoingclimbingifitdoesn'traintomorrow?如果明天不下雨，去爬山怎么样？

SimplePastTense一般过去时WarmupFreetalking:Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekdays?Iusuallygetupat6:00,Iputonmyclothes,makethebed,brushmyteeth,washmyface.Ihavebreakfastat6:40,thenwipethetable.Igotoschoolat8:00,andeatlunchat12:00.ThenIusuallydomyhouseworkat6:00,takeabathat7:00,andwatchTVat7:45,andgotobedat9:00.

ButyesterdayI

got

uplate,SoIput

onmyclothes,

made

thebed,brushedmyteeth,

washed

myfaceasquickasIcan.Ihad

breakfastat7:00,thenI

wiped

thetable.Iwent

toschoolat8:30,

and

ate

lunchat12:00.ThenI

did

myhouseworkat6:30pm..I

took

abathat7:45,watched

TVat8:45,and

went

tobedat10:00.What

abusyday!T:以上这些词都表示什么呢？现在，过去，将来的事情？get-got,put-put,make-made,brush-brushed,wash-washed,have-had,wipe-wiped,go-went,eat-ate,do-did,take-took,watch-watchedWarmupSs:过去的事情。T:Bingo!这种表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态我们称之为一般过去时。Presentation

Sentences

读一读，圈出表示过去的动词。Iwasathomeyesterday.我昨天在家。Hewasn’tilllastweek.他上周没生病。TheywereinChinatwoyearsago.他们两年前在中国。IwalkedtoschoollastTuesday.我上周二走着去上学。Heaskedhismumforatoytwodaysago.他两天前向妈妈要了一个玩具。Presentation

SentencesWestudiedEnglishtwoyearsago.

我们两年前开始学习外语。Jimjusthadahamburgerforlunch.

吉姆午饭就只吃了一个汉堡。Lilycameacrossoneofheroldfriendsyesterday.莉莉昨天偶然遇到一个老朋友。Ioftengotupverylatelastwinter.我去年冬天经常起床很晚。Lucyalwayswenttobedverylatelastyear.露西去年总是睡觉很晚。Presentation

Sentences一般过去时的主要用法和概念：一般过去时表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday,lastweek,ago等连用。一般过去时的用法：①表示过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday,lastyear,ago,thedaybefore,yesterday,justnow等连用。②表示在过去一段时间里，经常性或习惯性的动作或状态，常与always,often,usually等连用。Presentation

Sentences

一般现在时中动词多用原形，如果主语是单三，动词则会有加s等的变化。一般过去时中动词一律用过去式，主语的数变不会影响后面的动词，那么动词如何变成过去式呢？Presentation

Sentences

一般过去时的句型结构肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他Iwasbusylastweek.Heborrowedabookyesterday.否定句：主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他

Shewasn’thappyatalllastweek.

主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他

Theydidn’thavesupperjustnow.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他？WeretheyinChangchunin2001?Wasthereabaseballjustnow?

Did+主语+动词原形+其他？Didyoubringthehomework?Didheplaywithyouyesterday?Presentation

Sentences规则变化单词末尾直接加edplay-playedshow-showed以e结尾的单词加dlive-livedsave-saved重读闭音节双写尾音字母加edplan-plannedstop-stopped以辅音加y的动词变y为i加edstudy-studiedfly-flied不规则变化常见的如：go-wentcome-camehave-hadmake-made等Presentation

GrammarBox动词过去式的变化方法可以通过下面的表格进行对比参考。规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则

规则发音例子清辅音后[t]askedfinishedhelpedpassedreached浊辅音后[d]calledmovedwelcomed元音后[d]borrowedenjoyed[t]音后面[id]wantedstarted[d]音后面[id]neededPresentation

GrammarBoxPractice

OralPracticeenjoy

visitseereaddigclosewalk说出下列动词的过去式形式

maketakedanceopenskateplaystudyenjoyedvisitedsawread

dugclosedwalkedmadetookdancedopenedskatedplayedstudied根据要求完成句子

Practice

OralPracticeThechildrenhadagoodtimeinthezoo.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑问句：______________________________________对划线部分提问：___________________________________Thechildrendidn'thaveagoodtimeinthezoo.Didthechildrenhaveagoodtimeinthezoo?Wheredidthechildrenhaveagoodtime?Practice

OralPracticeTherewereaboutthreehundredpeopleattheliveshow.否定句：_______________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________对划线部分提问：_________________________________Therewerenotaboutthreehundredpeopleattheliveshow.Werethereaboutthreehundredpeopleattheliveshow?Howmanypeoplewerethereattheliveshow?Practice

OralPracticeAndydidhishomeworkyesterdayevening.否定句:________________________________________一般疑问句:_____________________________________对划线部分提问:__________________________________Andydidn'tdohishomeworkyesterdayevening.DidAndydohishomeworkyesterdayevening?WhatdidAndydoyesterdayevening?Practice

OralPracticeLastweekIreadanEnglishbook.否定句：_______________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________肯定/否定回答：_________________________________对划线部分提问：________________________________LastweekIdidn'treadanEnglishbook.DidyoureadanEnglishbooklastweek?Yes,Idid./No,Ididn't.Whatdidyoudolastweek?Practice

OralPracticeMybrotherwasinthehousejustnow.否定句：___________________________________一般疑问句：__________________________________对划线部分提问：______________________________Mybrotherwasn'tinthehousejustnow.Wasyourbrotherinthehousejustnow?Wherewasyourbrotherjustnow?Practice

OralPractice改错，并朗读正确的句子HowisJimyesterday?→Hegotoschoolbycarlastweek.Heoftengoeshomeat3:00lastmonth.Iflykitessevenyearsago.→How

wasJimyesterday?→He

wenttoschoolbycarlastweek.→Heoften

went

homeat3:00lastmonth.Iflight

kitessevenyearsago.Practice

OralPracticeDidyousawhimjustnow?Tomwasn’twatchTVlastnight.Ididn’tmyhomeworkyesterday.Hewaitforyoutwohoursago.Whofindthebookjustnow?→Didyou

seehimjustnow?→Tom

didn'twatchTVlastnight.→Ididn'tdomyhomeworkyesterday.→Hewaited

foryoutwohoursago.→Whofoundthebookjustnow?Practice

OralPractice()blow A.blowed B.blew()take A.taked B.took()see A.seed B.saw()want A.wanted B.wants()go A.goed B.went说出正确的过去式变化，并朗读。BBBABPractice

OralPracticeTomandMary___________(come)toChinalastmonth.Mike_________________(notgo)tobeduntil12o'clocklastnight.Mary__________(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.Tom___________(begin)tolearnChineselastyear.Mymother________________(notdo)houseworkyesterday.didn'tgocamereadbegandidn'tdoPractice

OralPracticeThere____________(be)atelephonecallforyoujustnow.—When_______you_________(come)tochina?—Lastyear._________(be)itcoldinyourcityyesterday?Howmanystudents________(be)thereinyourclasslastterm?There______(be)abasketballgameonTVyesterday,butI_________(have)notimetowatchit.wasdidcomeWaswerewashad

Practice

Exercise1wasPracticeExercise2didwentPracticeExercise3workedPracticeExercise4DidyougototheU.S.lastmonth?

Practice

Exercise1waswaswerewerewasPracticeExercise2didwentdidtookdidn’tatedidn’tsawdidboughtPracticeExercise3workedplayedvisitedwentdiddoPracticeExercise4DidyougototheU.S.lastmonth?Shedidn’tmakeaposterlastnight.Yes,hedid.No,Ididn’t.WhatdidtheybuyforusinMexico?

Practice小结

Practice小结washedbakedwateredwashedstudiedbrushedhad

PracticeGrammarShowProduction真枪实练（）1.Myfatherillyesterday.A.isn’tB.aren’tC.wasn’tD.weren’t（）2.

yourparentsathomelastweek?A.IsB.WasC.AreD.WereCD2．一般过去时

(1)概念：表示过去发生的动作，存在的状态或过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。(2)构成形式：①肯定式：be(was，were)；行为动词(过去式)②否定式：was/were＋not；行为动词didn't＋动词原形③疑问式：was/were＋主语＋其他；行为动词did＋主语＋动词原形(3)动词过去式的变化：动词过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种情况，不规则变化应特别记忆。规则变化有如下形式：①一般在动词后直接加­ed。如：climbed，worked，asked等。②以­e结尾的动词在后面直接加­d。如：lived，described，agreed等。③以辅音字母＋y结尾的，先把y变为i再加­ed。如：cry—cried，copy—copied，try—tried等。以元音字母＋y结尾的，直接加­ed。如enjoy—enjoyed，play—played等。④以重读闭音节结尾的单词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，则先双写这个辅音字母，再加­ed。如：stop－stopped，plan－planned，prefer－preferred等。(4)与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：ago，yesterday，lastweek，thedaybeforeyesterday,longlongago,onceuponatime等。(5)一般过去时的用法：①表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。Iboughtthebooklastweek.我上周买的这本书。②表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常与always，usually，often,never，sometimes等连用(过去常常做某事也可用usedtodosth.来表示)。③since从句常用一般过去时。ItistenyearssinceIcamehere.自从我来这已经有十年了。SimpleFutureTense一般将来时WarmupFreeTalkTomorrowisSaturday,whereareyougoing?AreyougoingtoEnglishclasstomorrow?

Ss:…T:begoingto还可以用will来表达将来意思。这种用will或begoingto后面加动词原形的表达方式，我们称之为一般将来时。到现在为止我们已经接触了一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时，今天我们来学习一般将来时。

Presentation

Sentences读一读，圈出下列句子中表示一般将来时的结构

Iwillhaveabigpartyformybirthday.我要在过生日的时候举行一个大派对。Iamgoingtoplaysoccerwithmyfriendtomorrow.我明天要和朋友去踢足球。HewillgotoAmericaforcollegenextyear.他明年要去美国上大学。HeisgoingtovisitChinanextweek.他下周要来中国参观。

Presentation

SentencesShewilltakeswimminglessonsinthisvacation.她今年假期要去学游泳。Sheisgoingtogoshoppingtomorrow.她明天要去购物。Jimwillopenashoponinternet.吉姆打算要在网络上开个店。Jimisgoingtobeanactorwhenhegrowsup.Jim长大了想当一名演员。

Presentation

Sentences一般将来时的主要用法和概念：一般将来时表示人或事物将来的状态，或者计划、打算要做的事情。经常与tomorrow,nextweek,inanhour,soon等这些表示将来的时间状语连用。

Presentation

Sentences一般将来时表示未来将要发生的动作或情况。第一人称后接“shall/will+动词原形”，第二、三人称后接“will+动词原形”。Ishall/willgotoHongKongforvacation.我要去香港度假。TheywillmovetoShanghainextyear.明年他们要搬到上海。“begoingto+动词原形”表示按计划、打算要做的事，或者很可能发生的事。I’mgoingtobeanactorwhenIgrowup.我长大想当演员。There’sgoingtobeaconcerttomorrow.明天有一场音乐会。WearegoingtothezoonextSaturday.我们下周六要去动物园。肯定句：主语+will/begoingto+动词原形+其他.IwillvisitBeijingnextweek.Iamgoingtobringyouagift.否定句：主语+won’t/benotgoingto+动词原形+其他Shewon’tmovetoShanghainextyear.Sheisn’tgoingtoplaybaseballtomorrow.

Presentation

Sentences一般将来时的句型结构

Presentation

Sentences一般疑问句：Will+主语+动词原形+其他？Willyoucometomyschool?

Be+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他？Ishegoingtolendushisbooks?一般将来时的两种表达方式：主语+will/shall+动词原形主语+begoingto+动词原形

Presentation

Sentences1234begoingtobegoingto表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情begoingto表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情begoingto含有“计划，准备”的意思一般不用begoingto,willwill表示的将来时间则较远一些will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情will则没有这个意思在有条件从句的主句中多用willbegoingto与will的区别

PracticeOralPractice用所给动词填空，并朗读出句子

I__________（leave）inaminute.I__________（finish）allmyworkbeforeIleave.—Howlong______you______（study）inourcountry?—I________（plan）tobehereforaboutonemoreyear.—What_______you_______（do）afteryouleavehere?—I_________（return）homeand________（get）ajob.Iamtired.I_________（go）tobedearlytonight.Mary'sbirthdayisnextMonday,hermother___________（give）herapresent.Itisverycoldthesedays.It__________（snow）soon.willleavewillgowillstudyplanwilldowillreturngetwillgivewillsnowwillfinish—________you________（be）herethisSaturday?—No.I_________（visit）myteacher.—__________I__________（get）youacopyoftoday'snewspaper?—Thankyou.Iamafraidthere__________（be）ameetingthisafternoon.Ican’tjoinyou.

Mike______________（believe,not）thisuntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.Mostofusdon’tthinktheirteam_________（win）.WillbewillvisitShallgetisgoingtobewillnotbelievewillwin

PracticeOralPracticeThechildrenaregoingtowatchadolphinshowtomorrow.否定句：____________________________________________________________________________一般疑问句：______________________________________________________________________Therewillbeagreatconcertnextweek.否定句：______________________________________一般疑问句：__________________________________Andywillfinishwritinghisfirstbookthisweek.否定句：______________________________________一般疑问句：___________________________________按要求改写句子，并朗读句子

Thechildrenaren’tgoingtowatchadolphinshowtomorrow.Arethechildrengoingtowatchadolphinshowtomorrow?Therewillnotbeagreatconcertnextweek.Willtherebeagreatconcertnextweek?Andywillnotfinishwritinghisfirstbookthisweek.willAndy

finishwritinghisfirstbookthisweek?

PracticeOralPracticeTheplanewillarriveattheairportat11am.否定句：______________________________________一般疑问句：__________________________________肯定/否定回答：________________________________Mybrotherisgoingtofinishcollegethisyear.否定句：______________________________________一般疑问句：__________________________________对划线部分提问：_______________________________Theplanewillnotarriveattheairportat11am.Willtheplanearriveattheairportat11am?Yes,itwill./No,itwillnot.Mybrotherisn’tgoingtofinishcollegethisyear.Isyourbrothergoingtofinishcollegethisyear?Whatisyourbrothergoingtodothisyear?

PracticeOralPractice完成单项选择，并朗读句子()There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingto B.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobe D.willgotobe()Charlie________herenextmonth.A.isn'tworking B.doesn'tworkingC.isn'tgoingtoworking D.won'twork()He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.A.willbe;is B.is;isC.willbe;willbe D.is;willbeCDD

PracticeOralPractice()There________adolphinshowinthezootomorrowevening.

A.was B.isgoingtohaveC.have D.isgoingtobe()—_____you______freetomorrow?—No.I_____freethedayaftertomorrow.

A.Are;goingto;willB.Are;goingtobe;will

C.Are;goingto;willbe D.Are;goingtobe;willbe()Mother________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.

A.willgivesB.willgiveC.givesD.giveDDB

PracticeOralPractice()________yourbrother________amagazinefromthelibrary?A.Are;goingtoborrow B.Is;goingtoborrowC.Will;borrowsD.Are;goingtoborrows()—Whereisthemorningpaper?—I________ifforyouatonce.A.getB.amgettingC.togetD.willget()________aconcertnextSaturday.A.Therewillbe B.WilltherebeC.Therecanbe D.ThereareBDA

PracticeOralPractice()Iftheycome,we________ameeting.A.haveB.willhaveC.hadD.wouldhave()He________herabeautifulhatonhernextbirthday.A.givesB.gaveC.willgivingD.isgoingtogive()He________tousassoonashegetsthere.A.writesB.haswrittenC.willwriteD.wrote()He________inthreedays.A.comingback B.camebackC.willcomeback D.isgoingtocomingback

PracticeOralPracticeBDCC()He________thereattentomorrowmorning.A.willB.isC.willbeD.be()—WillhisparentsgotoseetheTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?—No,________（不去）.A.theywillB.theywon'tC.theyaren'tD.theydon't()Who________we________swimmingwithtomorrowafternoon?A.will;goesB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;go()We________theworkthiswaynexttime.A.doB.willdoC.goingtodoD.willdoing

PracticeOralPracticeCBDB()Tomorrowhe___akiteintheopenairfirst,andthen____boatinginthepark.A.willfly;willgo B.willfly;goesC.isgoingtofly;willgoesD.flies;willgo()Thedayaftertomorrowthey________avolleyballmatch.A.willwatching B.watchesC.iswatchingD.aregoingtowatch()There________abirthdaypartythisSunday.A.shallbe B.willbeC.shallgoingtobeD.willgoingtobe

PracticeOralPracticeADBPracticeExercise1willhavePracticeExercise2APracticeExercise3Willtheyhaveapartynextweek?PracticeExercise4Hewillbeapoliceofficerwhenhegrowsup.PracticeExercise1willhaveisgoinggoesgoeswilldowillwatchWillPracticeExercise2ABBCBPracticeExercise3Willtheyhaveapartynextweek?Hewillnotseeamoviewithhisfriendtomorrow.IsshegoingtowatchTVafterdinner?Yes,Iam.WhatwillLindadoafterlunch?PracticeExercise4Hewillbeapoliceofficerwhenhegrowsup.Thepartywillstartat3o’clocknextSunday.Wewillgotoworkbycartomorrow.Thetrainwillleaveintenminutes.Wewillgotodanceclassthedayaftertomorrow.Practice小结Practice小结Practice小结ProductionGrammarShowProductionGrammarShowwillgetupwilltakeisgoingtoplaysoccerisgoingisgoingtoseeWednesdaywillgoswimmingwillrainwillnotgowillbewillhelpwillcleanisgoingtovisitwillbebusyProduction真枪实练（）1.Andy__________thebookstoretoday.A.isgoingto B.aregoingto C.amgoingto（）2.Myfather_______TVafterdinner.A.willwatching B.willwatch C.willAB3．一般将来时(1)概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态以及打算、计划或准备要做的事。(2)构成形式：“will/shall＋动词原形”或“am/is/aregoingto＋动词原形”。(3)与一般将来时连用的时间状语有：tomorrow，nextweek，in＋一段时间等。(4)当主语是第一人称I或we时，问句中一般用shall，表示征求对方的意见。Whenshallwefinishhomework?我们应该什么时候完成作业？(5)begoingto＋v.(动词原形)表示计划、打算做某事，表示已决定的，很可能发生的事，或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。Lookattheclouds，thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那些云，将会有暴风雨。(6)下列几种情况只可用shall(will)表将来，而不可用begoingto结构。①表示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时。Willyoupleaselendmeyourpen?请把你的钢笔借我用一下，好吗？②表示意愿时。Wewillhelphimifheasksus.如果他愿意，我们会帮助他。③表单纯性的将来，与人的主观愿望和判断无关时。Thesunwillsetat7：30thisafternoon.太阳会在下午7：30落下。(7)当主句为一般将来时态时，在if，assoonas，until,when等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。IwillcallyouassoonasIgetthere.我一到那就给你打电话。(8)位移词的进行时表将来。(9)therebe结构的一般将来时为therewillbe/thereisgoingtobe。(10)will/shall,beabouttodo与begoingto的区别。①一般将来时的基本结构为“will/shall＋动词原形”，表示一个将要发生的动作或状态。②beabouttodo结构表示客观、马上就要发生的事，一般不与具体的时间状语连用。③begoingto结构表示必然或很可能发生的事情；betodo结构表示按职责、义务和要求必须去做或即将发生的动作。英语中的“有”Have、has和therebe的用法区别详解Have和therebe都表示“有”的意思，但它们的用法不一样。

现举例来说明一下1、have和has表示“某人有”或者“某物有”，它的主语在它的前面。如：Ihaveafriend.我有一个朋友。某人有，主语I在have的前面。Thehousehastwowindows.这个房子有两个窗户。某物有，主语house在has的前面。2、therebe表示“有某人”或“有某物”，它的主语在动词be的后面。

如：Thereisahouseoverthere.那边有一座房子。

本句中,ahouse才是句子的主语。也就是说，如果在汉语中，句子没有主语，那就要用therebe结构，而不用have或has.

如：（1）教室里有两个男孩。本句没有主语，因为“教室”可以做主语，但“教室里”不能做主语，在英语中，“教室里”是一个介词短语intheclassroom，介词短语是不能做主语的，因此这句话应该表达为：Therearetwoboysintheclassroom.英语中的“有”Have、has和therebe的用法区别详解（2）墙上有一幅画。和上句一样，“墙”可以用作主语，但“墙上”不能用作主语，它是介词短语onthewall，句子应当表达为：Thereisapictureonthewall.（3）有一些学生在操场上。这个汉语句子就明显没有主语，而是以“有”开头，这样的句子想都不用想就therebe结构，即：Therearesomestudentsontheplayground.注意：“Betweenthetwotreesstandsaboy.”这句话也并不是用介词短语betweenthetwotrees做主语，而是倒装句，它的主语是后面的aboy，正常的语序是：Aboystandsbetweenthetwotrees.英语中的“有”Have、has和therebe的用法区别详解3、have的第三人称单数形式是has，但如果在疑问句或否定句中有助动词does或doesn’t时，仍然要用have.如：（1）Hehasapen.(他有一支钢笔)（2）Doeshehaveapen?(他有一支钢笔吗？有助动词Does)（3）Hedoesn’thaveapen.（他没有钢笔，有助动词doesn’t）4、Therebe中动词be要根据后面的第一个主语的单复数变化而变化。如：（1）Therearetwopensandabookonthedesk.（课桌上有两支钢笔和一本书，第一个主语twopens是复数，所以用are）（2）Thereisabookandtwopensonthedesk.（课桌上有一本书和两支钢笔，第一个主语abook是单数，所以用is）英语中的“有”Have、has和therebe的用法区别详解5、千万不要把there和have搭配在一起，这在一般将来时态中和现在完成时态中最容易出错。如：（1）今天下午我们学校有一场篮球赛。Thereisgoingtohaveabasketballmatchinourschoolthisafternoon.这句错误，isgoingto是一个固定搭配，表将来，所以句子变成了therehave结构了，当然就错了，正确的表达为：Thereisgoingtobeabasketballmatchinourschoolthisafternoon.（2）最近五年，我们这个城市有了很多的变化。Therehavehadgreatchangesinourcityinthelastfiveyears.这句也是错误的，其中的have是为了构成现在完成时态而使用的助动词，于是整个句子也变成了therehad结构，当然错了，正确的表达为：Therehavebeengreatchangesinourcityinthelastfiveyears.PresentContinuousTense现在进行时Iamjumping.What’sthemeaningofjump?都是跳，加了ing

和不加有什么区别呢？不知道（或者有能回答的或者有其他答案）加了ing的表示正在做这个动作。这种在动词后面加上ing的单词不再叫动词，而是被称之为现在分词，它也是非谓语动词中的一种。既然是非谓语动词，就不能单独作谓语，所以通常在动词前会加上be动词，这样的结构称之为现在进行时。

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Sentences读一读，圈出下列动词的现在分词IamwatchingTVnow.我正在看电视。Wearehavingapartyatthemoment.那时我们正在开派对。Look!Agirlisdancingoverthere.看，一个女孩在那边跳舞。Listen!Someboysaresinginginthenextroom.听,一些男孩在隔壁唱歌。Heiswritinghispaperthismonth.他这个月正在写论文。Theyarepreparingforthefinalexamthisweek.他们这周正在准备期末考试。IamleavingforBeijingtomorrow.我明天要去北京。Sheisarrivingattheairportat5:00thisafternoon.她今天下午五点到达机场。

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Sentences现在进行时的主要用法和概念：①表示说话时正在发生或进行的动作，常与now,atpresent,atthemoment,look,listen等词连用。②表示当前一段时间内正在进行的动作，常与thisweek,thismonth,thesedays等连用。③表示按计划或安排要进行的动作。常与表示将来的时间状语连用，常用的动词有come,go,leave,arrive,start等。注：不是所有动词都有进行时的变化。例如：like,hear等。

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Sentences现在进行时的句型结构肯定句：主语+be+v.-ing+其他Iamplayingbasketball.Heiswaitingathome.Myfatheriswateringtheflowers.

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Sentences否定句：主语+be+not+v.-ing+其他.Sheisnotsingingintheroom.WearenotwatchingTV.Jackisnotpaintingpictures.一般疑问句：Be+主语+v.-ing+其他？Issheswimminginthepool?Aretheysleepinginthebedroom?Isyourdadlisteningtomusic?

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Sentences

现在进行时中be动词的选用与主语有直接关系，一般根据人称代词与be动词的搭配都能正确做出选择，但是对于一些JackandBill或者LilyandI、yourfatherandmother之类的以词组形式出现的，要能够正确判断出主语的数的含义，从而选择适当的be动词。单词末尾直接加-ingplay-playingwalk-walking以不发音e结尾的单词去e加-ingmake-makingdance-dancing重读闭音节双写尾音字母加-ingput-puttingswim-swimming以ie结尾变为y，再加-inglie-lying

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GrammarBox

PracticeOralPractice说出下列单词的现在分词sailswimplaydoskatejumpskipclimbwashrunwritepicksailingswimmingplayingdoingskatingjumpingskippingclimbingwashingrunningwritingpickingPracticeOralPractice说出例句所体现的是现在进行时的哪种用法Wearehavinglunch