新教材英语选择性学案Unit5第一课时StartingoutUnderstandingideas

Unit5RevealingnatureCornisamongthemostwidelyconsumedgrainsontheplanet.Onaglobalscale,theaveragehumanwillconsume70poundsofcorneachandeveryyear!That'sawholelotofcornthatneedstobegrowneachyear,andthat'snotevenaccountingforcornbeinggrownforanimalconsumptionandbiofuel.Justlikemanyotherpopularfoods,farmersarefindingitdifficulttokeepupwithallthatdemand.Ofcourse,plicatingmattersisthefactthatcornisatropicalplant,meaningitisverysensitivetocoldweatherandthusfarmersareunabletoproduceitduringthecoldermonthsoftheyearinmoretemperateclimates.Now,researchersfromCornellIfthisnewvariationofcornprovestobeviable,itcouldrevolutionizeandincreaseglobalproduction,allowingmoreareastogrowcorn,andfarmerstoproducegreaterquantities.“Inthefield,chillingstresshappensmostofteninthespringwhencoldtemperaturesbinewithstrongsunlight,causingplantstobleach，”mentsleadresearcherDavidStern,presidentoftheBoyceThompsonInstitute,inarelease.“Soamorechilling­tolerantcorncouldhelpfarmersplantearlierintheyearwithconfidencethattheircropwouldsurviveacoldspellandbouncebackquicklyoncetheweatherwarmedupagain.”开启快乐学习之旅越冻越美丽？在这一点上人类可能比不过它……[知识点击]1．consumed被消费的2．scalen.规模；比例；数值范围3．accountfor对……做出解释；说明……原因；(数量、比例上)占；列入预算4．tropicaladj.热带的；热情的；酷热的5．temperateadj.气候温和的；温带的6．variationn.品种；[生物]变异，变种7．viableadj.可行的；能养活的8．revolutionizev．发动革命；改革9．chillingadj.寒冷的；冷漠的；使人恐惧的；令人寒心的10．bleachv．漂白，晒白11．releasen.发布；发行(物)12．spelln.一段时间；休息期13．bouncev．弹起；反弹；蹦跳模块核心素养导航第一课时Startingout&UnderstandingideasⅠ.词汇初探1．seedn.种子；籽2．distantadj.远的；远处的→distancen.距离3．disgracen.丢脸4．geologistn.地质学家5．samplen.样本6．evolvev.进化→evolutionn.进化(论)7．suspectv.猜想8．ancestorn.祖先9．generatev.产生；创造→generation_n.一代；产生Ⅱ.短语互译1．追溯到date_back_to/from2．而且what's_more3．有史以来of_all_time4．挤满be_crowded_with5．产生e_to_exist6．answerthecall响应号召7．beadisgrace是耻辱；是丢脸的事8．inquestion有问题的9．adaptto适应10．beregardedas被当作……看待Ⅲ.经典句式1．TheresearcherssaidtheancestoroftheKomododragonmostlikelyevolvedinAustraliaandspreadwestward，reachingtheIndonesianislandofFlores900,000yearsago.(P49)研究人员说，科莫多龙的祖先很可能在澳大利亚进化并向西传播，90万年前到达印度尼西亚的弗洛雷斯岛。2．Itwasayoungmanwhohadleftmedicalschoolwithout__pletinghisdegree.(P50)这是一个没有完成学位就离开了医学院的年轻人。3．Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies,butitwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.(P51)达尔文看到了许多新物种，但他最感兴趣的是鸟类。4．It_seemedtheirbeakshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.(P51)它们的喙似乎是根据那个岛上的食物进化而来的。5．ButDarwin'sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthat_moreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.(P51)但是达尔文的科学研究是如此令人信服，以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。Ⅳ.语篇理解StepⅠ.ReadthetextonPage50—51andchoosethebestanswers.1．Thepersonwhoansweredthecalltovisitdistantbutunknowncountrieswas________.A．thecaptain'sfirstchoiceB．ayoungmanwhohadpletedhisdegreeinamedicalschoolC．ayoungmanwhosefatherwasproudofhimD．ayoungmanwhosefatherthoughtbadlyofhim答案：D2．Atthattime,peopleusedtobelieve________.A．allspecieshadappearedonEarthgraduallyB．allspecieshadappearedonEarthatthesametimeC．thespecieshadchangedsincetheyappearedD．notallthespecieswerethesame答案：B3．WhichinspiredDarwinmostontheGalápagosA．Rocks. B．Plants.C．Animals. D．Birds.答案：D4．What'smostpeople'soriginalattitudetowardsDarwin'stheoryofevolution?A．Favourable. B．Unacceptable.C．Uninterested. D．Neutral.答案：B5．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Darwin'sinterestinvariouslivingthingsmadehimagreatnaturalist.B．Darwinwentonajourneytoconfirmhistheorythathumanshadevolvedovertime.C．Darwin'sjourneyontheBeagleinspiredhisTheoryofEvolution.D．Darwin'sroadtosuccessisrough.答案：CStepⅡ.Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.ThecaptainoftheBeaglewantedsomeonetovisitsomedistantyetunknowncountries.Darwinansweredthecall,__1__hewasn'tthecaptain'sfirstchoice.What's__2__(much),Darwin'sfatherpredictedDarwinwouldbe__3__disgracetohisfamily.Despiteallthis,hisadventureledtooneofthemostimportant__4__(discover).Thejourneygavehimthechance__5__(study)variouslivingthingsintheirnaturalenvironments.Ashestudiedthese,hewasinspiredwiththequestion__6__differentspeciescametoexist.Hehadanideathatmaybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheir__7__(change)environments.ItwasthebirdsontheGalápagosIsland__8__interestedhimthemost.Throughhishardwork,Darwinfinallycametoa__9__(plete)newidea—atheoryofevolutionandpublishedhisgreatbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.Manypeoplerefusedtobelievethatlivingthings__10__(evolve)fromlowerformsoflife.ButDarwin'sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.1．but2.more3.a4.discoveries5.to_study6．how7.changing8.that9pletely10.had_evolved1eq\a\vs4\al(distantadj.遥远的；远处的；久远的)[教材原句]Thecaptainoftheship,theBeagle,wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”．(P50)小猎犬号船长希望有人能“有机会访问遥远但鲜为人知的国家，并从中获利”。eg.Thetimewespenttogetherisnowadistantmemory.我们一起度过的时光现已成为久远的记忆。[归纳拓展](1)distantfromsth.离……遥远(2)distancen．距离；远方inthedistance在远处fromadistance从远处atadistance(of)相隔……(3)keepone'sdistance(from)(与……)保持距离keepsb.atadistance对某人冷淡；与某人疏远；与某人保持一定距离[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子①Helivesinadistant(distance)village.②Thebeachiswithinwalkingdistance(distant)ofmyhouse.③Thesoundofthecardiedawayin_the_distance.小轿车发出的噪音消逝在远处。2eq\a\vs4\al(availableadj.可获得的；可利用的；有空的)[教材原句]Itseemedtheirbeakshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.(P51)它们的喙似乎是根据那个岛上的食物进化而来的。[归纳拓展](1)beavailableto为……可利用/获得beavailablefrom从……处可获得makesth.availablefor/tosb.使某人可以享受某物availableresources/facilities可利用的资源/设备(2)availablyadv.有效地；可获得地availabilityn.可用性；有效性[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子①Inthe1940s，electricitywasavailabletopeopleinalmostallareasoftheUnitedStates.②Ticketsareavailablefreeofchargefromtheschool.学校有免费票。3eq\a\vs4\al(suspectv.怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯)[教材原句]Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromamonancestor,whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.(P51)达尔文怀疑这些雀鸟是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的，这个祖先很久以前就来到了这些岛上。[归纳拓展]suspectsb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(干)某事suspectsb.tobe...猜想某人……Itwassuspectedthat...人们怀疑……[即时巩固]单句语法填空①Hesuspectedhisneighbourofstealinghismoney.②Thedrugis_suspected(suspect)ofcausingover200deaths.4eq\a\vs4\al(adaptvt.使适应；使适合；改编；改写)[教材原句]Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments？(P51)也许动物是随着适应环境的变化而进化的？[归纳拓展](1)adaptoneselftosth.使自己适应……adaptto适应beadaptedfor...为……改编/写；被改编成beadaptedfrom...根据……改编(2)adaptableadj.能适应的，适应性强的；可改编的adaption/adaptationn.适应；改编本，改写本[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子①Aftergraduationfromcollege,Igraduallyadaptedmyselftoliving(live)onmyown.②Theplaywasadaptedfromanovelwrittenbyafamouswriter.③Mike,MaryandIhadadiscussionabouttheadaptation(adapt)oftheclassicliteratureyesterday.④Iholdthefirmbeliefthatshewilldealwiththechangesverywell,becausesheisveryadaptable(adapt)．⑤Toallofyou,freshstudents,howtoadapt_yourselves_tothenewenvironmentisthefirstthingthatyouhavetoface.对你们所有新生来说，如何使自己适应新的环境是你们必须面对的第一件事。[熟词生义]①Theseteachingmaterialscanbeadaptedforolderchildren.(vt.修改)②Shelivesinaspeciallyadaptedflat.(adj.改造过的)1eq\a\vs4\al(ofalltime一直；始终；有史以来)[教材原句]Despiteallthis，hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.(P50)尽管如此，他在这艘船上的冒险将引出有史以来最重要的科学发现之一。[归纳拓展]intime及时；迟早；终于ontime准时；按时innotime立即；马上atatime一次；每次atonetime曾经；一度attimes有时forthetimebeing暂时atnotime决不fromtimetotime有时；偶尔takeone'stime别着急；慢慢来allthetime一直[即时巩固]单句语法填空①Manypeopleconsideredhimthebestsingerofalltime.②Theproblemwashardbutheworkeditoutintime.③Youcanleaveyoursuitcasehereforthetimebeing.④Heranupthestairstwoatatime.2eq\a\vs4\al(inquestion被提及的；讨论中的；有疑问的)[教材原句]Theyoungmaninquestion,CharlesDarwin，wasageologistandnaturalist,fascinatedbyrocks,plants,andanimals.(P50)所提到的这个年轻人，查尔斯·达尔文，是一位地质学家和博物学家，对岩石、植物和动物着迷。[归纳拓展]bring/throwoquestion引起有关……的怀疑或讨论outofthequestion不可能的outofquestion毫无疑问[即时巩固]完成句子①Thefutureofpublictransportisnotinquestion.公共交通的未来发展是不容置疑的。②Itisout_of_the_questiontofinishaseriesoftasksinsuchashorttime.在这么短的时间内完成一系列任务是不可能的。③Thiscasebringsthewholepurposeofthelawinto_question.这宗案件引起了对整个法律宗旨的怀疑。3eq\a\vs4\al(avarietyof各种各样的)[教材原句]Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies,butitwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.(P51)达尔文看到了许多新物种，但他最感兴趣的是鸟类。[归纳拓展](1)varietyn.变化；种类avarietyof＋n.＝varietiesof＋n.(可数名词复数或不可数名词)各种各样的(2)varyvi.&vt.有变化；改变eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(varyfrom...to...,varybetween...and...))由……到……不等varywithsth.随着……而变化(3)variousadj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的[名师点津](1)avarietyof/varietiesof后接可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；(2)thevarietyof＋复数名词，意为“……的品种”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子①Someofthesearegettingscarcebecausepeoplekillthemforvarious(vary)reasons.②Avariety(vary)offlowersareinblossomwhenspringes.③Thevarietyofhisbooksis(be)astonishing.④AsinChina，theclimateinCanadavaries(vary)，dependingonthearea.⑤Oneoftheadvantagesisthatwecanfindvarious/a_variety_of/varieties_oftopics,suchasscience,cultureandhistory.其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题，如科学、文化、历史。eq\o(\s\up7(),\s\do5())TheresearcherssaidtheancestoroftheKomododragonmostlikelyevolvedinAustraliaandspreadwestward,reachingtheIndonesianislandofFlores900,000yearsago.(P49)研究人员说，科莫多龙的祖先很可能在澳大利亚进化并向西传播，90万年前到达印度尼西亚的弗洛雷斯岛。[句式分析]reachingtheIndonesianislandofFlores900,000yearsago为现在分词短语作结果状语。eg.Thechildfell,strikinghisheadagainstthedoor.孩子摔倒了，头撞在门上。[归纳拓展]现在分词作结果状语常表示意料、情理之中的结果，而不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。[即时巩固]单句语法填空①Thefirecausedbytheexplosionlastednearlyaweek,leaving(leave)nothingvaluable.②Hehurriedtothebusstop,onlyto_find(find)thebushadleft.③Herfatherdisappeared,neverto_be_heard(hear)fromagain.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．TheInternetandtelevisionmakeitpossibleforustoseeadistant(远方的)s