军队文职人员招聘英语言文学(习题卷1)

试卷科目：军队文职人员招聘英语言文学军队文职人员招聘英语言文学(习题卷1)PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber/SECTIONPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages军队文职人员招聘英语言文学第1部分：单项选择题，共260题，每题只有一个正确答案,多选或少选均不得分。[单选题]1.()ustheinformation，wewouldhavebeenambushed.A)HadhenotgivenB)IfhedidnotgiveC)ShouldhenotgiveD)Werehenottogive答案:A解析:考查虚拟语气。根据后半句wouldhavebeen可知，是与过去事实相反，所以if条件句中的谓语动词用had+done的形式，因此A项正确。当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had，were或should时，如省略if，则要将had，were或should提前。此处是省略了if并将had提前，还原为ifhehadnotgivenustheinformation。故本题选A。句意：如果不是他给了我们消息，我们就会遭到伏击。[单选题]2.Notuntilthegamehadbegun()atthesportsground.A)hadhearrivedB)wouldhehavearrivedC)didhearriveD)shouldhehavearrived答案:C解析:考查倒装句。本题因notuntil在句首，所以应用倒装语序。因为从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前，所以从句用了过去完成时，主句要用过去时。故本题选C。句意：直到比赛开始，他才到达运动场。[单选题]3._____isthelongestriverinCanada.A)TheMurrayRiverB)TheMackenzieRiverC)TheSt.LawrenceD)TheCluthaRiver答案:B解析:本题考查加拿大地理概况。马更些河（theMackenzieRiver）是加拿大最长的河流，流经加拿大地盾（CanadianShield）与西部落基山脉（theRockyMountains）之间，全长1600公里。墨累河（TheMurrayRiver）是澳大利亚最长、最大的河流，发源于澳大利亚东南部的大分水岭，注入印度洋的大澳大利亚湾。圣劳伦斯河（TheSaintLawranceRiver）是北美洲东部大河，五大湖的出水道，它的上源是圣路易斯河，在美国的明尼苏达州，下游在加拿大的东陲，以卡伯特海峡为河口，注入大西洋的圣劳伦斯湾，是地理上、经济上具有重要意义的巨大水道系统。克鲁萨河（TheCluthaRiver）是新西兰流水量最大的河，也是第二长河，新西兰南岛最长河流，源出南阿尔卑斯山。故应选B项。[单选题]4.Idonotthink_____possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A)thisB)thatC)itsD)it答案:D解析:句意：我认为不做记忆性的工作，要想学好一门语言是不可能的。think+it+adj.（possible），认为做某事是可能的。[单选题]5.Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospitalhaditbeenatallpossible,butI_____fullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.A)wereB)hadbeenC)havebeenD)was答案:D解析:此题是对混合虚拟语气的考查，即事实和虚拟假设的混合句。该句前半部分Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospitalhaditbeenatallpossible是假设虚拟，句意：如果可能我就去医院看他了。而后半部分是对事实的陈述，句意：但是整个上周时间都被占满了。既然是对事实的陈述，此处的动词用一般过去时态即可，因此D项正确。[单选题]6.ThelargestriverintheUnitedKingdomisthe_____.A)ThamesRiverB)SevernRiverC)ClydeRiverD)TyneRiver答案:B解析:英国最长的河流为塞文河，全长338千米。A项泰晤士河穿越伦敦市，是英国第二大河，也是最重要的一条。C项克莱德河是苏格兰境内主要河流之一。D项泰茵河位于英国东北部。[单选题]7.ManyUnitedStatescompanieshave,unfortunately,madethesearchforlegalprotectionfromimportcompetitionintoamajorlineofwork.Since1980theUnitedStatesinternationalTradeCommission(ITC)hasreceivedabout280complaintsallegingdamagefromimportsthatbenefitfromsubsidiesbyforeigngovernments.Another340chargethatforeigncompanies?dumped?theirproductsintheeUnitedStatesat?lessthanfairvalue.?Evenwhennounfairpracticesarealleged,thesimpleclaimthatanindustryhasbeeninjuredbyimportsissufficientgroundstoseekrelief.Contrarytothegeneralimpression,thisquestforimportreliefhashurtmorecompaniesthanithashelped.Ascorporationsbegintofunctionglobally,theydevelopanintricatewebofmarketing,production,andresearchrelationships.Thecomplexityoftheserelationshipsmakesitunlikelythatasystemofimportrelieflawswillmeetthestrategicneedsofalltheunitsunderthesameparentcompany,№.SupposeaUnitedStates-ownedcompanyestablishesanoverseasplanttomanufactureaproductwhileitscompetitormakesthesameproductintheUnitedStates.Ifthecompetitorcanproveinjuryfromtheimports-andthattheUnitedStatescompanyreceivedasubsidyfromaforeigngovernmenttobuilditsplantabroad-theUnitedStatescompany?sproductswillbeuncompetitiveintheUnitedStates,sincetheywouldbesubjecttoduties.PerhapsthemostbrazeneaseoccurredwhentheITCinvestigatedallegationsthatCanadiancompanieswereinjuringtheUnitedStatessaltindustrybydumpingrocksalt,usedtode-iceroads.ThebizarreaspectofthecomplaintwasthataforeignconglomeratewithUnitedStatesoperationswascryingforhelpagainstaUnitedStatescompanywithforeignoperations.The?UnitedStates?companyclaiminginjurywasasubsidiaryofaDutchconglomerate,whilethe?Canadian?companiesincludedasubsidiaryofaChicagofirmthatwasthesecond-largestdomesticproducerofrocksalt.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheminimalbasisforacomplainttotheinternationalTradeCommissioniswhichofthefollowing?A)Aforeigncompetitorhasreceivedasubsidyfromaforeigngovernment.B)AforeigncompetitorhassubstantiallyincreasedthevolumeofproductsshippedtotheUnitedStates.C)AforeigncompetitorsellingproductsintheUnitedStatesatlessthanfairmarketvalue.D)ThecompanyrequestingimportreliefhasbeeninjuredbythesaleofimportsintheUnitedStates.答案:D解析:从文章第一段第二句可知A项是抱怨的其中一个根据，第三句可知C也是其中一个原因，文章第二段集中说明国内公司申请法律保护却受到进口的严重影响，这是抱怨的最终给要得原因，所以D正确，而文章并没有提到大量提高进口产品的数量。[单选题]8.Hisdaughterwasa_____tohimduringhisillness.A)propB)propellerC)spindleD)curb答案:A解析:prop支柱，支撑，倚靠人。propeller螺旋桨，推进器。spindle纺锤，心轴。curb勒马绳。[单选题]9.Beingextremely_____tocold,Idon?tliketoliveinverycoldplaces.A)sensitiveB)sensibleC)senselessD)sensational答案:A解析:sensitive敏感的，容易感受的，神经过敏的。sensible可察觉的；明智的。senseless无感觉的；无意义的。sensational令人激动的；耸人听闻的。[单选题]10.Thenation'seconomywas_____upandwouldcertainlyshowagreatimprovementinthenextfiveyears.A)risingB)gettingC)lookingD)showing答案:B解析:getup增长。起床。rise升起，增长，不加?up?。lookup向上看。showup露面，出现。[单选题]11.Whenafire_____attheNationalExhibitioninLondon,atleasttenpricelesspaintingscompletelydestroyed.A)brokeoffB)brokedownC)brokeoutD)brokeup答案:C解析:句意：当伦敦国家展览馆爆发火灾时，至少有10件无价的绘画作品完全被毁。breakout突然发生，爆发。breakoff中断，终止。breakdown出故障。breakup驱散。[单选题]12.Thebranchoflinguisticsthatstudiesthesystemsandpatternsofspeechsoundsinalanguageiscalled_____.A)acousticsB)phonologyC)phoneticsD)articulation答案:B解析:音位学是研究人类语言中的语音模块系统和模式的方法。[单选题]13.Theteachergave_____instructionsforwritingthepaperonenvironmentalprotection.A)explicitB)formidableC)crucialD)daring答案:A解析:explicit明晰的，清楚的。formidable可怕的，难对付的。crucial决定性的，至关重要的。daring大胆的，勇敢的。[单选题]14.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds_____hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.A)onwhichtobaseB)whichtobaseonC)tobaseonD)tobebasedon答案:A解析:句意：教授难以找到充足的论据来证明他赞成新理论的论点。此句中的先行词which在从句中作baseon的宾语，此处考查的是名词+介词+which/whom+动词不定式结构的定语从句。[单选题]15.Complicated_____itis,theproblemcanbesolvedinonlytwohourswithanelectroniccomputer.A)thoughB)eventhoughC)evenifD)as答案:D解析:句意：虽然这个问题很复杂，但是用计算机只要两个小时就能解决。这里用了adj+asitis句型，表示虽然……。其他选项不符合题意。[单选题]16.()intheearth?scrust，therockmaybesubjectedtotemperatureshighenoughtomeltit.A)DeepB)DeeperC)DeepestD)Deeply答案:A解析:考查副词辨析。地壳深处的温度足以熔化岩石。[单选题]17.TheVictorianAgewaslargelyanageof_____,eminentlyrepresentedbyDickensandThackeray.A.poetryB.dramaC.proseD.epicproseA)BernardShaw?sB)OscarWilde?sC)JamesJoyce?sD)ThomasHardy?s答案:B解析:《道雷·格林的画像》是奥斯卡·王尔德的作品。[单选题]18.Anewtechnique_____,theoutputoftheshirtfactoryincreasedby50percent.A)havingbeenworkedoutB)hasintroducedC)havingworkedonD)hasbeenturnedout答案:A解析:句意：由于产生了一项新的技术，衬衫加工厂的产量增加了50%。句子主语是工厂，与研究出一项新技术是主动关系，故此应该用现在分词做伴随状语，故A项正确。workout设计出，作出，计算出。turnout结果是。introduce引进。workon继续工作,设法说服,影响。根据语法和句意，A项正确。[单选题]19.Itcanbearguedthatmuchconsumerdissatisfactionwithmarketingstrategiesarisesfromaninabilitytoaimadvertisingatonlythelikelybuyersofagivenproduct.Therearethreegroupsofconsumerswhoareaffectedbythemarketingprocess.First,thereisthemarketsegment-peoplewhoneedthecommodityinquestion.Second,thereistheprogramtarget-peopleinthemarketsegmentwiththe?bestfit?characteristicsforaspecificproduct.Lotsofpeoplemayneedtrousers,butonlyafewqualifyaslikelybuyersofveryexpensivedesignertrousers.Finally,thereistheprogramaudience-allpeoplewhoareactuallyexposedtothemarketingprogramwithoutregardtowhethertheyneedorwanttheproductThesethreegroupsarerarelyidentical.Anexceptionoccursincaseswherecustomersforaparticularindustrialproductmaybefewandeasilyidentifiable.Suchcustomers,allsharingaparticularneed,arelikelytoformameaningfultarget,forexample,allcompanieswithaparticularapplicationoftheproductinquestion,suchashigh-speedfillersofbottlesatbreweries.Insuchcircumstances,directselling(marketingthatreachesonlytheprogramtarget)islikelytobeeconomicallyjustified,andhighlyspecializedtrademediaexisttoexposemembersoftheprogramtarget-andonlymembersoftheprogramtarget-tothemarketingprogram.Mostconsumer-goodsmarketsaresignificantlydifferent.Typically,therearemanyratherthanfewpotentialcustomers.Eachrepresentsarelativelysmallpercentageofpotentialsales.Rarelydomembersofaparticularmarketsegmentgroupthemselvesneatlyintoameaningfulprogramtarget.Therearesubstantialdifferencesamongconsumerswithsimilardemographiccharacteristics.Evenwithallthepastdecade?sadvancesininformationtechnology,directsellingofconsumergoodsisrare,andmassmarketing-amarketingapproachthataimsatawideaudience-remainstheonlyeconomicallyfeasiblemode.Unfortunately,therearefewmediathatallowthemarketertodirectamarketingprogramexclusivelytotheprogramtarget.Inevitably,peoplegetexposedtoagreatdealofmarketingforproductsinwhichtheyhavenointerestandsotheybecomeannoyed.Thepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingabouthighlyspecializedtrademedia?A)Theyshouldbeusedonlywhendirectsellingisnoteconomicallyfeasible.B)Theycanbeusedtoexcludefromtheprogramaudiencepeoplewhoarenotpartoftheprogramtarget.C)Theyareusedonlyforveryexpensiveproducts.D)Theyarerarelyusedintheimplementationofmarketingprogramsforindustrialproducts.答案:B解析:由文章第二段，…highlyspecializedtrademediaexisttoexposemembersoftheprogramtarget…可知，高度特定化的媒体是针对有购买意向的特定人群的。故选B。[单选题]20.Incommunication，asmileisusually()strongsignofafriendlyand()openattitude.A)the，/B)a，anC)a，/D)the，an答案:C解析:考查冠词辨析。a用在可数名词sign前，泛指一类事物；friendlyandopen是并列关系，修饰attitude。故本题选C。句意：在交流中，微笑通常象征一种友好、开放的态度。[单选题]21.Ofallthe18thcenturynovelistsHenryFieldingwasthefirsttosetout,bothintheoryandpractice,towritespecificallya?_____inprose,?thefirsttogivethemodernnovelitsstructureandstyle.A)tragicepicB)comicepicC)romanceD)lyricepic答案:B解析:亨利·菲尔丁（1707-1754）是十八世纪最杰出的英国小说家、戏剧家，被誉为?英国小说之父?，他第一次在理论和实践上开创了喜剧性散文体史诗，第一次创作了现代小说的结构和风格。[单选题]22.Ignorethatstunningviewandkeepyoureyesontheroad,_____admiringbeautifulsceneryordramaticbuildingsputsdriversatrisk.A)althoughB)becauseC)whereasD)while答案:B解析:句意：忽略眼前的美景，注意路面，因为欣赏美景或者引人注目的建筑会使司机处于危险之中。本句结构：前半句为祈使句，后半句说明原因，所以用because。Whereas尽管；然而。[单选题]23.Childrenwhostayawayfromschooldo_____fordifferentreasons.A)themB)thatC)itD)theirs答案:D解析:句意：离开学校的学生都有各自不同的理由。theirs作为物主代词的复数形式，在该句中指代前面的stayawayfromschool。[单选题]24.Thenoun"tear"andtheverb"tear"are().A)homophonesB)allophonesC)completehomonymsD)homographs答案:D解析:语言学概念的实例分析。名词tear(眼泪)和动词tear(撕扯)形同、音异、意异，所以属于homograph（同形异义词）。[单选题]25.ThecapitalcityofCanadais()A)MontrealB)TorontoC)VancouverD)Ottawa答案:D解析:考查加拿大区域划分。加拿大首都为渥太华。[单选题]26.UncleTom′sCabinwaswrittenby()A)NathanielHawthomeB)HarrietBeecherStoweC)StephenCraneD)EugeneO?Neil答案:B解析:美国文学之作家作品。UncleTom?sCabin(《汤姆叔叔的小屋》)是一部以反抗奴隶制为主题的小说，是女作家HarrietBeecherStowe的成名作。林肯曾经高度评价过这部小说。[单选题]27.Thepeoplewhohadbeeninjuredintheexplosionlay_____inagony.A)screechedB)groanedC)screamingD)toshriek答案:C解析:句意：在大爆炸中受伤的人躺着，痛苦的尖叫着。Screech尖叫。Groan呻吟，叹息。Scream尖声叫。Shriek尖叫。Laydoingsomething表示?躺着在做什么?。[单选题]28.While_____anefficiencytestonanengine,certainprecautionsshouldbeobserved.A)makingB)tomakeC)beingmadeD)made答案:A解析:句意：在进行发动机的效率测试时要采取一些预防措施。while引导从句时,如主从句的主语一致，且从句谓语又含有be，则从句主语和be可省略。while后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。在本题中从句和主句的主语都是人，从句省略了people/workersare。[单选题]29.Forhimtheonlylawis_____.A)hisownwillB)thenaturallawC)theBibleD)theConstitution答案:A解析:亚哈拒绝一切外界劝诫，操控并设计自己的命运，展示了其不受命运摆布的非凡姿态。[单选题]30.Thoughmyauntpursuedwhatwas,inthosedays,anenlightenedpolicy_____sheneverallowedherdomesticstafftoworkmorethaneighthoursaday,shewasextremelydifficulttoplease.A)fromwhichB)inthatC)withwhomD)bywhat答案:B解析:句意：虽然我姑姑遵循当时的开明政策，因为她从来不允许自己的员工每天工作超过八小时，但是想讨她开心很难。inthat因为，由于，既然。这里表示因果关系，因此其他选项不合适。[单选题]31.TheEnglishRenaissanceperiodwasanageof_____.A)poetryanddramaB)dramaandnovelC)novelandpoetryD)romanceandpoetry答案:A解析:亨利八世统治期间（1309-1547），文艺复兴在英国发展，英国文学进入黄金时代，涌现出莎士比亚、斯宾塞、马洛、培根及邓恩一大批文学巨匠。文艺复兴在英国以重新发现希腊、罗马的古典文化开始的，这一时期，英国的诗歌得到巨大发展，戏剧也空前繁荣。[单选题]32.Thearmyistoo()tostrikeback.A)weakB)feebleC)fragileD)vulnerable答案:A解析:考查形容词辨析。军队力量薄弱，无法还击。[单选题]33.TheHundredYear?sWarbetweenBritainandFrancewasfought().A)from1327to1453B)from1337to1453C)from1347to1453D)from1357to1453答案:B解析:考查英国国家概况。英法百年战争从1337年持续到1453年，是世界上历时最长的战争，断断续续持续了长达116年。[单选题]34.Thecolor_____fromyellowthroughgreentoblack.A)consistsB)constitutesC)composesD)ranges答案:D解析:range排列。在……范围内变动。consist组成。constitute构成，建成。compose组成。[单选题]35.WaltWhitmanwasa(n)()A)playwrightB)essayistC)poetD)novelist答案:C解析:美国文学之作家概况。WaltWhitman是美国著名诗人，代表作为《草叶集》(LeavesofGrass)，他是第一位使用自由体(FreeVerse)的诗人。[单选题]36.Thereissubstantialevidencethatby1926,withthepublicationofTheWearyBlues,LangstonHugheshadbrokenwithtwowell-establishedtraditionsinAfricanAmericanliterature.InTheWearyBlues,HugheschosetomodifythetraditionsthatdecreedthatAfricanAmericanliteraturemustpromoteracialacceptanceandintegration,andthat,inordertodoso,itmustreflectanunderstandingandmasteryofWesternEuropeanliterarytechniquesandstyles.Necessarilyexcludedbythisdecree,linguisticallyandthematically,wasthevastamountofsecularfolkmaterialintheoraltraditionthathadbeencreatedbyBlackpeopleintheyearsofslaveryandafter.Itmightbepointedoutthateventhespiritualsor?sorrowsongs?oftheslaves-asdistinctfromtheirsecularsongsandstories-hadbeenEuropeanizedtomakethemacceptablewithintheseAfricanAmericantraditionsaftertheCivilWar.In1862northernWhitewritershadcommentedfavorablyontheuniqueandprovocativemelodiesofthese?sorrowsongs?whentheyfirstheardthemsungbyslavesintheCarolinaseaislands.Butby1916,tenyearsbeforethepublicationofTheWearyBlues,HurryT.Burleigh,theBlackbaritonesoloistatNewYork?sultrafashionableSaintGeorge?sEpiscopalChurch,hadpublishedJubileeSongsoftheUnitedStates,witheveryspiritualarrangedsothataconcertsingercouldsingit?inthemannerofanartsong.?Clearly,theartisticworkofBlackpeoplecouldbeusedtopromoteracialacceptanceandintegrationonlyontheconditionthatitbecameEuropeanized.EvenmorethanhisrebellionagainstthisrestrictivetraditioninAfricanAmericanart,Hughes?sexpressionofthevibrantfolkcultureofBlackpeopleestablishedhiswritingasalandmarkinthehistoryofAfricanAmericanliterature.Mostofhisfolkpoemshavethedistinctivemarksofthisfolkculture?soraltradition:theycontainmanyinstancesofnamingandenumeration,considerablehyperboleandunderstatement,andastronginfusionofstreet-talkrhyming.Thereisadeceptiveveilofartlessnessinthesepoems.Hughespridedhimselfonbeinganimpromptuandimpressionisticwriterofpoetry.His,heinsisted,wasnotanartfullyconstructedpoetry.Yetananalysisofhisdramaticmonologuesandotherpoemsrevealsthathispoetrywascarefullyandartfullycrafted.Inhisfolkpoetrywefindfeaturescommontoallfolkliterature,suchasdramaticellipsis,narrativecompression,rhythmicrepetition,andmonosyllabicemphasis.Thepeculiarmixtureofironyandhumorwefindinhiswritingisadistinguishingfeatureofhisfolkpoetry.Together,theseaspects,ofHughes?swritinghelpedtomodifythepreviousrestrictionsonthetechniquesandsubjectmatterofBlackwritersandconsequentlytobroadenthelinguisticandthematicrangeofAfricanAmericanliterature.ThepassagesuggeststhattheauthorwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichoneofthefollowingstatementsabouttherequirementthatBlackwritersemployWesternEuropeanliterarytechniques?A)Therequirementwasimposedmoreforsocialthanforaestheticreasons.B)TherequirementwasarelativelyunimportantaspectoftheAfricanAmericantradition.C)TherequirementwasthechiefreasonforHughes?ssuccessasawriter.D)Therequirementwasappropriatedforsomeformsofexpressionbutnotforothers.答案:A解析:从第一段中?…modifythetraditionsthatdecreedthatAfricanAmericanliteraturemustpromoteracialacceptanceandintegration,andthat,inordertodoso,itmustreflectanunderstandingandmasteryofWesternEuropeanliterarytechniquesandstyles.?可知，黑人作家写作时必须使用西方的文学技巧，完全是为了种族接纳和融合的原因，是社会而非美学的因素。[单选题]37.TheRomanticsemphasized_____.A)thosefeaturesthatmenhaveincommonB)manasasocialanimalC)thespecialqualitiesofeachindividual?smindD)theanimalityofanindividual答案:C解析:浪漫主义强调个人思想的独特性。[单选题]38._____itseemsthatthereisadiscrepancybetweenyourexpectationsandhisbehaviour.A)WhateverbethereasonB)WhateverreasonisC)ThereasonbesuchD)Suchtobethereason答案:A解析:句意：无论原因是什么，你的期望与他的行为似乎不一致。Whateverbethereason放在句首作让步状语。Whateverreasonis表达错误，C项和D项不符合文意。[单选题]39.TheConservativePartysupportsthefollowingpoliciesexcept_____.A)denationalizationB)freeenterpriseC)extendingthesocialserviceD)cautioussocialreform答案:C解析:保守党主张是传统的国家治理方式，即有限政府，让人民自主自立，政府只充当中间人的角色，调节矛盾双方的平衡，故A项?非国有化?、B项?自由企业?和D项?慎重实行社会改革?均符合其主张。而C项?扩大社会服务?则不符合。[单选题]40.Washingtonwas_____inhisbeliefthatonlytherightkindofeducationcouldsolvemajorsocialproblems.A.nothingbutisolatedB.anythingbutisolatedA)AB)BC)CD)D答案:B解析:句意：华盛顿决不把自己的观点限定在只有良好的教育才能解决重大社会问题的观点之内。anythingbut决不，后面可以接名词，代词，形容词，分词及不带to的不定式。nothingbut只，仅仅。这里isolated是形容词，表示?隔离的，孤立的，单独的。?[单选题]41.A_____womanwasneededtotakecareofthetwosmallkidswhiletheirparentsareabsent.A)energeticB)confidentC)reliableD)sensitive答案:C解析:reliable可靠的。energetic精力充沛的。confident有信心的。sensitive敏感的。[单选题]42.Ifell_____thesalestalkandagreetobuyasetofencyclopedias.A)forB)onC)offD)in答案:A解析:fallfor爱上；被欺骗。fallon落在；袭击。falloff减少；衰退。fallin（房屋等）倒塌；到期。[单选题]43.IamsosorryforthatIcan?tcontactyoutoofrequentlythesedayssinceI?mbusyworkingonanimportantproject()A)lateB)hardlyC)latelyD)closely答案:C解析:考查副词辨析。非常抱歉最近不能经常联系你，因为我最近在负责一个重要的项目。[单选题]44.Thisisnotagoodtimetobeforeign.Anti-immigrantpartiesaregaininggroundinEurope.Britainhasbeenfrettingthisweekoverlapsesinitsbordercontrols.InAmericaBarackObamahasfailedtodelivertheimmigrationreformhepromised,andRepublicanpresidentialcandidateswouldratherelectrifytheborderfencewithMexicothaneducatethechildrenofillegalaliens.Americaeducatesforeignscientistsinitsuniversitiesandthenexpelsthem,apolicythemayorofNewYorkcalls?nationalsuicide?.Thisilliberalturninattitudestomigrationisnosurprise.Itistheresultofcyclicaleconomicgloomcombinedwithasecularriseinpressureonrichcountries?borders.Butgovernmentsnowweighingupwhetherornottotrytoslamthedoorshouldconsideranotherfactor:thegrowingeconomicimportanceofDiasporas,andthecontributiontheycanmaketoacountry?seconomicgrowth.Diasporanetworks-ofHuguenots,Scots,Jewsandmanyothers-havealwaysbeenapotenteconomicforce,butthecheapnessandeaseofmoderntravelhasmadethemlargerandmorenumerousthaneverbefore.Therearenow215mfirst-generationmigrantsaroundtheworld:that?s3％oftheworld?spopulation.Iftheywereanation,itwouldbealittlelargerthanBrazil.TherearemoreChinesepeoplelivingoutsideChinathanthereareFrenchpeopleinFrance.Some22mIndiansarescatteredallovertheglobe.Smallconcentrationsofethnicandlinguisticgroupshavealwaysbeenfoundinsurprisingplaces-LebaneseinWestAfrica,JapaneseinBrazilandWelshinPatagonia,forinstance-buttheyhavebeenjoinedbynewerones,suchaswestAfricansinsouthernChina.Thesenetworksofkinshipandlanguagemakeiteasiertodobusinessacrossborders.Theyspeedtheflowofinformation.Trustmatters,especiallyinemergingmarketswheretheruleoflawisweak.Sodoesaknowledgeofthelocalculture.Andmoderncommunicationsmakethesenetworksanevenmorepowerfultoolofbusiness.Diasporasalsohelpspreadideas.Manyoftheemergingworld?sbrightestmindsareeducatedatWesternuniversities.Anincreasingnumbergohome,takingwiththembothknowledgeandcontacts.IndiancomputerscientistsinBangalorebounceideasconstantlyofftheirIndianfriendsinSiliconValley.China?stechnologyindustryisdominatedby?seaturtles?(Chinesewhohavelivedabroadandreturned.Diasporasspreadmoney,too.Migrantsintorichcountriesnotonlysendcashtotheirfamilies;theyalsohelpcompaniesintheirhostcountryoperateintheirhomecountry.AHarvardBusinessSchoolstudyshowsthat,AmericancompaniesthatemploylotsofethnicChinesepeoplefinditmucheasiertosetupinChinawithoutajointventurewithalocalfirm.Suchargumentsareunlikelytomakemuchheadwayagainsthostilitytowardsimmigrantsinrichcountries.Furyagainstforeignersisusuallybasedontwo(mutuallyincompatible)notions:thatbecausesomanymigrantsclaimwelfaretheyareadrainonthepublicpurse;andthatbecausetheyarepreparedtoworkharderforlesspaytheywilldepressthewagesofthoseatthebottomofthepile.Thefirstisusuallynottrue(inBritain,forinstance,immigrantsclaimbenefitslessthanindigenouspeopledo),andthesecondishardtoestablisheitherway.Somestudiesdoindeedsuggestthatcompetitionfromunskilledimmigrantsdepressesthewagesofunskilledlocals.Butothersfindthiseffecttobesmallornon-existent.Norisitpossibletoestablishtheimpactofmigrationonoverallgrowth.Thesumsaresimplytoodifficult.Yettherearegoodreasonsforbelievingthatitislikelytobepositive.Migrantstendtobehard-workingandinnovative.Thatspursproductivityandcompanyformation.ArecentstudycarriedoutbyDukeUniversityshowedthat,whileimmigrantsmakeupaneighthofAmerica?spopulation,theyfoundedaquarterofthecountry?stechnologyandengineeringfirms.And,bylinkingtheWestwithemergingmarkets,Diasporashelprichcountriestoplugintofast-growingeconomies.Richcountriesarethuslikelytobenefitfromlooserimmigrationpolicy;andfearsthatpoorcountrieswillsufferasaresultofa?braindrain?areoverblown.Theprospectofworkingabroadspursmorepeopletoacquirevaluableskills,andnotallsubsequentlyemigrate.Skilledmigrantssendmoneyhome,andtheyoftenreturntosetupnewbusinesses.Onestudyfoundthatunlesstheylosemorethan20％oftheiruniversitygraduates,thebraindrainmakespoorcountriesricher.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_____A)Immigrantsarepreparedtoworkharderforlesspay,whichcanstimulatethelocalstoworkevenharder.B)WiththeincreasingnumberofDiasporas,theywillformanewnationintheworld.C)Thenumberofskilledmigrantsreturninghomeisincreasing.D)Thenetworksofkinshipandlanguagecontributetointernationalbusinessbytakingadvantageoflegalloopholes.答案:C解析:从文章第五段中可知?Anincreasingnumbergohome,takingwiththembothknowledgeandcontacts?，因此C选项说要回国的技术移民数量正在增加是正确的。A选项后半句?whichcanstimulatethelocalstoworkharder?文中没有提供相关线索，无法推断，因此A项不正确。文中第三段只是提到如果这些移民组成一个国家，这个国家将?alittlelargerthanBrazil?，而B项后半句说这些移民将成立一个新国家是没有判断依据的，因此B项不正确。D项旨在考查对第四段?Trustmatters,especiallyinemergingmarketswheretheruleoflawisweak?的理解。它是指信任很重要，特别是在新兴市场，通常法制薄弱。而D项由此推断这种?Thenetworksofkinshipandlanguage?通过利用法律漏洞来促进国际商务贸易是不正确的。[单选题]45.ThemainthemeofEmilyDickinson′spoemsisthefollowingexcept()A)friendshipB)loveandmarriageC)lifeanddeathD)warandpeace答案:D解析:美国文学。EmilyDickinson(1830-1886)，美国女诗人，终生未嫁。主要诗歌包括：Because，CouldNotStopforDeath、I′mNobody.WhoAreYoul等。诗歌主题为：爱情、自然、友谊、死亡与不朽。[单选题]46.Congresshasthepowertomaketheselawsexcept_____.A)ofdefenseB)ofcitizenshipandnaturalizationC)ofmarriageD)oftheregulationoftheforeigntrade答案:C解析:国会是美国最高立法机关；有权宣战、募集、维持和规范陆军、海军和民兵、镇压叛乱和击退侵略；有权制定公民权利立法，创建移民程序；有权规范州际和对外贸易。选项C不符合事实，为正确答案。[单选题]47.Asthepopulationincreasesandhumanneedsexpand,wemusttakecarenotto_____allofournaturalresourcesatonce.A)eraseB)maximizeC)exhaustD)minimize答案:C解析:exhaust用尽，耗尽。erase除去。maximize使……达到最大。minimize将……减到最少。[单选题]48._____istheprimaryoppositiontotheConservatives.A)TheLiberalPartyB)TheConservativePartyC)TheLaborPartyD)TheLiberalDemocraticParty答案:C解析:在英国，保守党是个大党派，C项工党是保守党最大的对手。A项自由党发展成为D项自由民主党，它是在英国最受欢迎的第三大政党。[单选题]49.NewZealandissometimescalledtheworld?sbiggestfarm.Itistheworld?slargestexporterof()A)beefB)lambandmuttonC)wheatD)corn答案:B解析:新西兰地理。题目问新西兰是世界上最大的什么出口国，答案是lamb(羔羊)和mutton(羊肉)。此外，新西兰还是世界上最大的乳制品出口国。[单选题]50.Whichplayisnotacomedy？()A)AMidsummerNight′sDreamB)TheMerchantofVinceC)AsYouLikeitD)RomeoandJuliet答案:D解析:考查文学作品。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》为悲喜剧。《仲夏夜之梦》《威尼斯商人》《皆大欢喜》和《第十二夜》为莎士比亚的四大喜剧。[单选题]51._____memostwasthattheyoungboywhohadlostbotharmsinanaccidentcouldhandleapenwithhisfeet.A)WhatamazedB)ItamazedC)WhichamazedD)Thatamazed答案:A解析:此句是由what引导的主语从句。句意：最令我惊讶的是这位在一场车祸中失去双臂的年轻男孩可以用脚控制钢笔写字。[单选题]52.Printbooksmaybeundersiegefromtheriseofe-books,buttheyhaveatenaciousholdonaparticulargroup:childrenandtoddlers.Theirparentsareinsistingthisnextgenerationofreadersspendtheirearlyyearswithold-fashionedbooks.Thisisthecaseevenwithparentswhothemselvesaredie-harddownloadersofbooksontoKindles,iPads,laptopsandphones.Theyfreelyacknowledgetheirdigitaldoublestandard,sayingtheywanttheirchildrentobesurroundedbyprintbooks,toexperienceturningphysicalpagesastheylearnaboutshapes,colorsandanimals.Parentsalsosaytheylikecuddlingupwiththeirchildandabook,andfearthatashinygadgetmightgetalltheattention.Also,iflittleJoeyisgoingtospitup,abookmaybeeasiertocleanthanatabletcomputer.Astheadultbookworldturnsdigitalatafasterratethanpublishersexpected,salesofe-booksfortitlesaimedatchildrenunder8havebarelybudged.Theyrepresentlessthan5percentoftotalannualsalesofchildren?sbooks,severalpublishersestimated,comparedwithmorethan25percentinsomecategoriesofadultbooks.Manyprintbooksareboughtasgifts,sincethedelightsofanAmazongiftcardarelostonmost6-year-olds.Children?sbooksarealsoabrightspotforbrick-and-mortarbookstores,sinceparentsoftenwanttoflipthroughanentirebookbeforebuyingit,