贪吃蛇游戏实验报告

*****************实验报告实验名称：网络编程基础实训教程（贪吃蛇）指导教师：姓名：学号：班级：提交日期：

实验目的通过开发一款贪吃蛇游戏程序，熟练掌握C#编程语言、和面向对象程序设计方法，独立完成一个游戏程序的开发。实验题目使用C#编程语言，开发一款贪吃蛇游戏，如下图所示。功能描述游戏场地是一片矩形区域的草坪。一条蛇由蛇头和蛇身组成。当游戏开始之后，草坪中出现一颗豆和一条蛇，并且蛇不停地移动，蛇移动方向与蛇头一致。当游戏暂停之后，蛇停止移动。当蛇移动时，玩家使用“↑”、“↓”、“←”和“→”四个键控制蛇的移动方向。当蛇头与豆的位置重合时，豆被蛇吃掉，同时在草坪中再生成一颗新的豆，蛇身增加一节。当蛇头碰到蛇身时，则咬断蛇身，后半部分的蛇身消失。当蛇头碰到草坪四周时，蛇立即毙命，游戏结束。需求分析根据功能描述可知，贪吃蛇游戏的系统结构图如下所示。定义数据字典如下：草坪（Lawn）：草坪是贪吃蛇游戏的场地。豆和蛇只能存在于草坪范围之内。草坪具有大小和颜色等属性。蛇（Snake）：在贪吃蛇游戏中，蛇由若干节组成，其中第一节是蛇头，其余是蛇身。在游戏过程中，有且仅有一条蛇，并且蛇在不停地移动。如果蛇吃了豆，则蛇生长一节。如果蛇头碰到蛇身，则咬断蛇身，后半部分的蛇身消失。如果蛇头离开草坪，则蛇死亡游戏结束。蛇具有长度、颜色、运动方向、每一节的位置等属性。豆（Bean）：在贪吃蛇游戏中，豆是蛇的食物。在游戏过程中，有且仅有一颗豆。如果蛇吃了豆，则重新生成一颗豆。豆具有位置、大小和颜色等属性。设计说明根据需求分析可知，Snake的每一节都有位置和大小等属性。而Bean也具有这两个属性。抽象出二者的共同特征，抽象出一般类Block，用于描述一个块。Block派生出Bean和SnakeBlock两个类，其中SnakeBlock类用于描述蛇的一节。为了使游戏的运行更易于控制，定义Game类用于启动、暂停和继续游戏。根据需求分析可知，Lawn仅包含大小和颜色两个属性。为了减少类的数量，可将其大小和颜色等属性添加到Game类中。综上所述，在贪吃蛇游戏中，有Block（块）、Bean（豆）、SankeBlock（节）、Snake（蛇）、Game（游戏）和MainForm（用户接口）六个类。贪吃蛇游戏的逻辑模型如下图所示。MainFormMainFormGameBlockBeanSnakeBlockSnake源代码Block（块）类的编码Block是用来构成Bean（豆）和Snake（蛇）的最基本的单位，是Bean和SnakeBlock的基类。Block类的参考代码如下。usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Drawing;usingSystem.Text;namespaceWindowsFormsApplication1{classBlock{protectedPointorigion;//Block的左上顶点publicconstintWIDTH=10;//Block的宽度publicconstintHEIGHT=10;//Block的高度protectedColorcolor;//Block的颜色publicBlock(){origion=newPoint(0,0);color=newColor();}publicBlock(intx,inty,Color_color){origion=newPoint(x,y);color=_color;}publicPointOrigion{get{returnorigion;}}publicvoidDisplay(Graphicsg){SolidBrushbrush=newSolidBrush(color);g.FillRectangle(brush,origion.X,origion.Y,WIDTH,HEIGHT);Penpen=newPen(Color.Black);g.DrawRectangle(pen,newRectangle(origion.X,origion.Y,WIDTH-1,HEIGHT-1));}publicvoidClear(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor){SolidBrushbrush=newSolidBrush(backGroundColor);g.FillRectangle(brush,origion.X,origion.Y,WIDTH,HEIGHT);}}}2）Bean（豆）类编码Bean表示豆，是由Block派生而来的。Bean类的参考代码如下。usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Drawing;usingSystem.Text;namespaceWindowsFormsApplication1{classBean:Block{publicBean(Color_color){origion=newPoint(0,0);color=_color;}publicvoidCreat(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor,intlawnWidth,intlawnHeight,Snakesnake){Clear(g,backGroundColor);boolbGetAPosition=false;//是否找到生成豆的位置Randomrandom=newRandom();while(!bGetAPosition){origion.X=random.Next(0,lawnWidth-1)/WIDTH*WIDTH;origion.Y=random.Next(0,lawnHeight-1)/HEIGHT*HEIGHT;inti;for(i=0;i<snake.Length;i++){if(origion==snake.blocks[i].Origion)break;}if(i==snake.Length)bGetAPosition=true;}Display(g);}}}3）SnakeBlock（节）类编码SnakeBlock表示蛇的一节，是由Block派生而来的。SnakeBlock类的参考代码如下：usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Drawing;usingSystem.Text;namespaceWindowsFormsApplication1{classSnakeBlock:Block{privateboolisHead;publicboolIsHead{get{returnisHead;}}publicSnakeBlock(intx,inty,Color_color,bool_isHead){origion=newPoint(x,y);color=_color;isHead=_isHead;}publicvoidChangeHeadToBody(){if(isHead)isHead=false;}publicvoidDisplay(Graphicsg,Directiondirection){base.Display(g);if(isHead){//绘制蛇眼SolidBrushbrush=newSolidBrush(Color.Brown);switch(direction){caseDirection.Up:caseDirection.Down:g.FillRectangle(brush,origion.X+WIDTH/4,origion.Y+HEIGHT/2,2,2);g.FillRectangle(brush,origion.X+WIDTH/4*3,origion.Y+HEIGHT/2,2,2);break;caseDirection.Left:caseDirection.Right:g.FillRectangle(brush,origion.X+WIDTH/2,origion.Y+HEIGHT/4,2,2);g.FillRectangle(brush,origion.X+WIDTH/2,origion.Y+HEIGHT/4*3,2,2);break;}}}}}Snake（蛇）类编码4）Snake（蛇）类编码Snake表示蛇。Snake类的参考代码如下：usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Drawing;usingSystem.Text;namespaceHungrySanke{publicenumDirection{Up,Down,Left,Right};classSnake{privateintlength;publicDirectiondirection;privateColorcolor;publicList<SnakeBlock>blocks;privateconstintINIT_LENGTH=3;publicintLength{get{returnlength;}}publicSnake(Color_color,Direction_direction){direction=_direction;color=_color;blocks=newList<SnakeBlock>();}publicvoidCreat(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor,intlawnWidth,intlawnHeight){Clear(g,backGroundColor);blocks.Clear();length=INIT_LENGTH;intx;inty;Randomrandom=newRandom();x=random.Next(lawnWidth/4,lawnWidth/4*3)/Block.WIDTH*Block.WIDTH;y=random.Next(lawnHeight/4-1,lawnHeight/4*3)/Block.HEIGHT*Block.HEIGHT;blocks.Add(newSnakeBlock(x,y,color,true));switch(direction){caseDirection.Up:for(inti=1;i<length;i++){blocks.Add(newSnakeBlock(x,y+Block.HEIGHT*i,color,false));}break;caseDirection.Down:for(inti=1;i<length;i++){blocks.Add(newSnakeBlock(x,y-Block.HEIGHT*i,color,false));}break;caseDirection.Left:for(inti=1;i<length;i++){blocks.Add(newSnakeBlock(x+Block.WIDTH*i,y,color,false));}break;caseDirection.Right:for(inti=1;i<length;i++){blocks.Add(newSnakeBlock(x-Block.WIDTH*i,y,color,false));}break;}Display(g);}publicvoidGrow(){intx=2*blocks[blocks.Count-1].Origion.X-blocks[blocks.Count-2].Origion.X;inty=2*blocks[blocks.Count-1].Origion.Y-blocks[blocks.Count-2].Origion.Y;blocks.Insert(length,newSnakeBlock(x,y,color,false));length++;}publicvoidMove(){intx=0;inty=0;blocks[0].ChangeHeadToBody();switch(direction){caseDirection.Up:x=blocks[0].Origion.X;y=blocks[0].Origion.Y-Block.HEIGHT;break;caseDirection.Down:x=blocks[0].Origion.X;y=blocks[0].Origion.Y+Block.HEIGHT;break;caseDirection.Left:x=blocks[0].Origion.X-Block.WIDTH;y=blocks[0].Origion.Y;break;caseDirection.Right:x=blocks[0].Origion.X+Block.WIDTH;y=blocks[0].Origion.Y;break;}blocks.Insert(0,newSnakeBlock(x,y,color,true));blocks.RemoveAt(blocks.Count-1);}publicvoidDisplay(Graphicsg){for(inti=0;i<length;i++){blocks[i].Display(g,direction);}}publicvoidClear(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor){for(inti=0;i<length;i++){blocks[i].Clear(g,backGroundColor);}}publicvoidRemoveAfter(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor,intblockNum){for(inti=length-1;i>blockNum-1;i--){blocks[i].Clear(g,backGroundColor);blocks.RemoveAt(i);length=blockNum;}}publicboolCanEatBean(Beanbean){if(blocks[0].Origion==bean.Origion)returntrue;elsereturnfalse;}publicintCanEatSnake(){for(inti=3;i<blocks.Count;i++){if(blocks[0].Origion==blocks[i].Origion)returni;}return0;}publicvoidEatBean(Beanbean,Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor,intlawnWidth,intlawnHeight){bean.Clear(g,backGroundColor);Grow();bean.Creat(g,backGroundColor,lawnWidth,lawnHeight,this);}publicboolIsAlive(intlawnWidth,intlawnHeight){if(blocks[0].Origion.X<0)returnfalse;if(blocks[0].Origion.Y<0)returnfalse;if(blocks[0].Origion.X+Block.WIDTH>lawnWidth)returnfalse;if(blocks[0].Origion.Y+Block.HEIGHT>lawnHeight)returnfalse;elsereturntrue;}}}5）Game（游戏）类编码Game控制游戏的运行，负责在游戏开始时生成Bean和Snake，以及负责在游戏运行中Snake的移动、Snake的生长、Bean的重生，并随时检测Snake的生死状态。Game类的参考代码如下：usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Drawing;usingSystem.Text;namespaceHungrySanke{classGame{publicSnakesnake;publicBeanbean;publicboolisSnakeAlive;publicintlawnWidth;publicintlawnHeight;publicGame(int_lawnWidth,int_lawnHeight){Randomrandom=newRandom();intx=random.Next(0,_lawnWidth-1)/Block.WIDTH*Block.WIDTH;inty=random.Next(0,_lawnHeight-1)/Block.HEIGHT*Block.HEIGHT;Directiondirection=(Direction)random.Next(1,4);snake=newSnake(Color.YellowGreen,direction);bean=newBean(Color.Pink);isSnakeAlive=false;lawnWidth=_lawnWidth;lawnHeight=_lawnHeight;}publicvoidBegin(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor,intlawnWidth,intlawnHeight){isSnakeAlive=true;snake.Clear(g,backGroundColor);snake.Creat(g,backGroundColor,lawnWidth,lawnHeight);bean.Creat(g,backGroundColor,lawnWidth,lawnHeight,snake);}publicvoidOnTime(Graphicsg,ColorbackGroundColor,intlawnWidth,intlawnHeight){if(isSnakeAlive){snake.Clear(g,backGroundColor);snake.Move();snake.Display(g);bean.Display(g);if(snake.CanEatBean(bean)){bean.Clear(g,backGroundColor);snake.EatBean(bean,g,backGroundColor,lawnWidth,lawnHeight);bean.Display(g);}intblockNum=snake.CanEatSnake();if(blockNum>0){snake.RemoveAfter(g,backGroundColor,blockNum);}if(!snake.IsAlive(lawnWidth,lawnHeight))isSnakeAlive=false;}}}}Form1的设计代码usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.ComponentModel;usingSystem.Data;usingSystem.Drawing;usingSystem.Linq;usingSystem.Text;usingSystem.Windows.Forms;namespaceHungrySanke{publicpartialclassForm1:Form{privateGamegame;publicForm1(){InitializeComponent();game=newGame(lawn.Width,lawn.Height);}privatevoidForm1_Load(objectsender,EventArgse){}privatevoidtimer1_Tick(objectsender,EventArgse){if(game.isSnakeAlive){Graphicsg;g=lawn.CreateGraphics();game.OnTime(g,lawn.BackColor,lawn.Width,lawn.Height);if(!game.isSnakeAlive){MessageBox.Show("GameOver");}}}privatevoidToolStrpMenuItemStart_Click(objectsender,EventArgse){Graphicsg;g=lawn.CreateGraphics();game.Begin(g,lawn.BackColor,lawn.Width,lawn.Height);timer1.Enabled=true;ToolStripMenuItemPause.Enabled=true;ToolStripMenuItemContinue.Enabled=false;}privatevoidToolStripMenuItemPause_Click(objectsender,EventArgse){timer1.Enabled=false;ToolStripMenuItemPause.Enabled=false;ToolStripMenuItemContinue.Enabled=true;}privatevoidToolStripMenuItemCONTINUE_Click(objectsender,EventArgse){timer1.Enabled=true;ToolStripMenuItemPause.Enabled=true;ToolStripMenuItemContinue.Enabled=false;}privatevoidForm1_KeyDown(objectsender,KeyEventArgse){if(game.snake.direction==Direction.Down||game.snake.direction==Direction.Up){switch(e.KeyCode){caseKeys.Left:game.snake.direction=Direction.Left;break;caseKeys.Right:game.snake.direction=Direction.Right;break;}}else