2023-2024学年北师大版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 9 Learning易混易错点辨析学案（含答案）

PAGE【名师原创】：Unit9易混易错点辨析●debate;argue;discuss;quarrel【教材原句】Ifyoufindyourinnervoicedifficulttocontrol,youcanarguewithitasmostactivelearnersdo.(教材P53)Therearealsoalotofdiscussionsanddebates.(教材P65)【辨析】四个词都有“辩论，争论，说理”之意。但各有侧重。

debate往往侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩,既可以作名词也可以作动词。

argue表示提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图说服。

discuss表示就某一或某些问题表明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解决问题，最常用词。

quarrel表示两人之间或两个团体之间不友好的、大声争论某事，重点是“吵嘴、吵架”，既可以作名词也可以作动词。

【例句呈现】Hiscommentsareboundtoaddfueltothedebate.

他的话必将为争论推波助澜。

Afull-scaledebateisunderwayonwhatailstheindustry.

关于工业为何陷入困境正在展开一场全面的讨论。

ThesenatorarguedwiththePresidentaboutthenewtaxbill.参议员和新总统为新税法案争辩了。Onecouldarguethatsmoking,byitsverynature,isaddictive.

有人可能认为抽烟从本质上说就具有成瘾性。

TheyarguethatonlyprivatecapitalistscanremakePoland'seconomy.

他们认为，只有私人资本家才能重振波兰经济。

ThePolitburohasbeenmeetinginPekingtodiscussthesituation.

政治局已在北京召开会议讨论形势。

SeniorpoliticiansmettodaytodiscussthefutureofEuropeaneconomicunity.

高级政要今天会晤，探讨欧洲经济一体化的未来。

Themagazine'saimistodiscusstopicalissueswithinaChristianframework.

该杂志的宗旨是在基督教框架下讨论时下的热门话题。

Theycouldquarrelquitelegitimatelywithsomeofmychoices.

他们大有理由不同意我的一些选择。

Themonarchistsareasmallfringegroupwhoquarrelfiercelyamongthemselves.君主主义者是一个内部争吵激烈的非主流的小团体。

【考点过关】翻译下列句子1.这个医生论述了治疗癌症的不同方法。2.针对他是否能胜任最高职务展开了争论。

3.这件事可能是在他们为娜奥米争吵的过程中发生的。

4.有一些人认为真正独立的意见是不存在的。

【参考答案】1.Thedoctordiscusseddifferentapproachestothetreatmentofcancer.2.Thereisadebateabout/overhisfitnessforthehighestoffice.

3.Itcouldhavehappenedduringaquarrelbetweenthemabout/overNaomi.

4.Therearethosewhoarguethattrueindependentadviceisunattainable.

●agreewith;agreeon;agreeto【教材原句】Beflexibleinyouropinionsandyoumightendupagreeingwiththespeaker/writerafterall.(教材P53)【辨析】agreewith=1\*GB3①“同意…..的话/观点/看法/意见”=2\*GB3②与…..相符/一致=3\*GB3③（气候，食物等）适合…..。agreeon/upon意思是“(双方)就……达成一致意见/达成协议”，后接名词、代词或动名词，句子主语往往是复数。agreeto意思是“同意计划/建议/安排等”，这时，to为介词.温馨提示：agreetodosth.意思是“答应/同意做某事”【例句呈现】Thegreatmajorityofpeopleseemtoagreewiththisview.大多数人似乎都同意这种观点。Youraccountoftheaccidentdoesnotagreewithhers.你对事故的叙述与她的叙述不一致。AstheauthoroftheproposalIcannotagreewithyou.我作为提案的发起人不能同意你的意见。Iagreewithwhathesays,butI'dhavephraseditdifferently.我赞同他说的，但我会以不同的方式表述。First,theyhadtoagreeonwhichconflictwastheirmostrecent.首先，他们必须就哪次冲突是最近的一次达成一致。Andwedon'twantbusinessestoagreeonpricesinthebackoffice.我们不希望企业背地里制定统一价格。Ican'tagreetoanythingwithoutmypartner'sapproval.没有合伙人的认可我什么也不能答应。YouandIaregoingtohavetoagreetodisagreethen.那你我只能各自保留不同意见Icannotbutagreetoyourdecision.我不得不同意你的决定。Ifullyagreetothearrangementandtakedelightinit.我完全赞成并乐于接受这一安排。【考点过关】根据agreewith,agreeon/upon,agreeto的用法填空1.Thiskindoffoodheredoesn’tagree_______theoldandsodoestheclimate.2.Istronglysuspectthatmostordinarypeoplewouldagree______me3.Theauthorcanreportotherpeople'sresultswhichmoreorlessagree______hers.4.Ifwecannotagreeonasimplematterofthatkind,wecanneveragree_______anythingofimportance.5.Ifyoubothagree_________groundrulesrightfromdayone,itcanlast.6.Theyagree_______RussianentryintotheWorldTradeOrganization.7.Doyouthinkhe'llagree________theirproposal?8.Themanagementisunderstoodtobeveryunwillingtoagree______thisrequest9.Anobjectivesetofruleswhichweallagree_______(accept)isnecessaryforanyorderedsociety.10.Whatonearthhadpossessedhertoagree_______(marry)him?【参考答案】1.with;2.with;3.with;4.on/upon;5.on/upon;6.on/upon;7.to;8.to;9.toaccept;10.tomarry●ifnot;ifanything；ifso;ifany;ifever【教材原句】Beflexibleinyouropinionsandyoumightendupagreeingwiththespeaker/writerafterall.Ifnot,atleastyouhave“listenedto”anotherpointofview.(教材P53)【辨析】四者都是表示假设的省略句式，是英语中常见的一种句型ifnot表示“如果不那样的话”，是对前面所述内容的一种否定假设。ifanything表示“如果有什么的话”，作补充说明，类似于ifany.

ifso表示“如果那样的话”，是对前面所述内容进行的肯定假设。ifever表示“如果曾经做过….即使曾经做过….”，是对做过事情的省略叙述。一般是现在完成时的省略。ifany表示“如果有的话或即使有的话”，用来加强语气。

【例句呈现】Livingtogetherdidn'tharmourfriendship.Ifanythingitstrengthenedit在一起住并没有损害我们的友谊。要说真有什么的话，它反而巩固了我们的友谊。Ididn'tdoitverywell,but,ifanything,hediditworsethanIdid.我干得不太好，但其实他干得比我还糟。Ifanything,Sloan'suneasinessdeepened如果说有什么不一样的话，那就是斯隆变得越来越不安了。Ifanything,theinformationisoverwhelming.如果与之前有区别的话，我们能掌握的信息是巨大的。Therewon'tbemuchdifficulty,ifany.就算有困难，也不会太大。Theobjectoftheseexperimentswastofindtheconnection,ifany,betweenthetwophenomena.这些实验的目的就是探索这两种现象之间的联系，如果存在着任何联系的话。Itistooearlytosaywhateffect,ifany,therewillbeontheworkforce.如果会对劳动力产生一些影响，现在就说是什么影响还言之过早。Pleaseletmeknowhowmanyarecoming,ifany.请告诉我，如果有人要来的话，有多少？Ifso,you'renotalone-I'mthesameway.如果这样，你也不是一个人在这么做，我也是这样的。Ifso,hemaynotbetheidealmatchforyou.如果他是这样的人，那么他可能不是你的真命天子。Butifso,wheredidtherivergetrerouted?但是，如果真是这样，那河流被改道到哪里去了呢？Doyouhaveaknackforcomingupwithideas?Ifso,wewouldlovetohearfromyou.你有什么能想出好点子的诀窍吗？如果有，我们很愿意收到你的来信。Rarely,ifever,doeshesidestepaquestion他极少逃避问题。Sheseldom,ifever,goestotheopera.她很少去看歌剧。Andthatrarely,ifever,causedanythingliketheScientificRevolution.而这些事件的结果却很难，或根本不能，与科学革命同日而语ButIsaythethreatisnow,andtherearerarely,ifever,perfectcircumstancesinwhichtodeploymilitaryforces.但是我想说，威胁就在眼前，但出动军事力量这种事几乎不存在什么完美的前提。Many,ifnotmost,scientificpapersarepresentedorallyatscientificmeetings许多科学论文，即便不是大多数，都是以口头形式在科学会议上发表的。Areyoupressedfortime,Mr.Bayliss?Ifnot,Isuggestwehavelunch.你时间紧吗，贝利斯先生？如果不紧，不如我们一起吃午饭吧。【考点过关】用ifanything,ifso,ifany,ifever和ifnot填空1.Maryistooonlyreadytohelpothers,seldom,______,refusingthemwhentheyturntoher.2.Whatkindofadvertisementsdoyoureadorwatchinthiskindofmagazines,_______？3.Imightbeawaynextweek._______,Iwon’tbeabletoseeyou.4.Haveyoueverreadthischapter?______,weencourageyoutoreadthischaptercarefully.5.Arethereanymistakeinmyarticle?______,Correctmistakes,please．6.--HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?--Perhapsnotinmymemory.______,itmighthavebeenduringmyearlychildhood.7.Theweatherforecastsaystherewillbeheavyraintomorrow.______,we’llstayathome.8.Therearefew,______,mistakesinthebook.

9.Hischildrenrarely,______,seehimathisplaceofwork.

10.Ifitclearsupthisafternoon,we’llgocamping;______,wewillhaveclasses.11.Sheseldom,______,goestothecinema.12.Ifthefoodtastesgood,we’llbuysome;______,not.13.Theislandisseldom,______,visitedbyships.14.______,nowwouldbeagoodtimetoexpanditsbalancesheet.15._______,gender(性别)playsaveryimportantroleinthebraineventhoughwearenotclearexactlyhow.16._______,wewanttoshowthecode,17._______,swimmingwillappealtohermoststrongly【参考答案】1.ifever;2.ifany;3.Ifso;4.Ifnot;5.ifany;6.Ifever;7.Ifso;8.ifany;9.ifever;10.ifnot;11.ifever;12.ifnot;13.ifever;14.Ifanything;15.Ifanything;16.Ifanything;17.Ifanything●attempttodosth.;managetodosth.【教材原句】Theyattempttofindthetruthattheheartofeachidea.(教材P53)【辨析】两个词组都可表示“设法做”之意，均可接动词不定式作宾语。但表示的含义有区别。attempttodosth.“努力/试图/设法做某事”，但未必一定会能成功，只强调努力的过程，对其结果无限制,所做之事不一定有困难,相当于try/doone’sbesttodosth.或trytodosth.是比较正式的书面用语（try用法更普遍，更口语化）。attempt也可以做名词，意思是“尝试，努力”。managetodosth.“设法做成某事”，强调所做事情的结果，相当于succeedindoingsth.或besuccessfulindoingsth.【例句呈现】Iamattemptingtofinishmyhomework.

我正努力完成我的家庭作业。

Iattemptnottoconvincemyselfthatshedoesn'tlovemeanymore.

我尽量不让自己相信她不再爱我了。

Hedidn’tattempttodoit.

他不肯努力去干

pleaseattempttofinishthisworkinthirtyminutes.

请尽量在30分钟完成这项工作。

Imanagedtogetincontactwiththelady,who’sinchargeofthisprojectinthecompany.

我成功地同那家公司负责这个项目的女士取得了联系。Hemanagedtosaveherintime.

他设法及时挽救了她.Heattempted

to

opentheboxwithaknife.他试图用刀子打开箱子。Timegiventousdefineshowlongwewillstaywithourfamilies,howmanygoodthingswewillmanagetodo,andhowmuchinterestingthingswewillseeandlearn.时间决定了我们能与家人厮守多久，我们能完成多少美妙的事情，以及我们能看到听到多少有趣的事情。Itshouldbepossibleformostpeopletomanagetodoit.大多数人应该都能做到。【考点过关】根据attempttodosth.;managetodosth.用法用其适当形式填空1.He______toclimbthetree,buthecouldnot.

2.Ifyoudon't______todoeverything,itdoesn'tmatter.Moveanyincompletetasksfromtodayontotomorrow'slist.3.Iseewhatyoumean,butifyou_______todoit,youwon’tregret.4.Fantastic!HodoesBeijingMunicipalGovernment______todoit?5.Howdidyou_______todoitwithouthelp?6.Howonearthdidthey_______todothat?7.Ifyoucan________todoallthree,you'llraiseyourintelligencebyleapsandbounds.8.Howdoyou________todosuchathing?9.Ifeelthesameway.Butifweinsistonspeaking,wecan_______todoit.10.Althoughyoumayfail,whenyoustarttoraceforanewteam,you______tobesuccessfulassoonaspossible.【参考答案】1.attempted;2.manage;3.attempt;4.manage;5.manage;6.manage;7.manage;8.manage;9.manage;10.attempt●nomatterhow…;however…【教材原句】Ifyoutrytofindoutthesourceofanidea,nomatterhowcrazyitseems,youwillincreaseyourchanceoflearningsomething.(教材P53)【辨析】两者都有“无论怎样，不管怎样”的意思，意思基本一致，但用法稍有区别。nomatterhow…只能引导让步状语从句，此时可以和whenever互换。however….既可以引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。

温馨提示：whatever/nomatterwhat;wherever/nomatterwhere;whichever/nomatterwhich;whoever/nomatterwho;whenever/nomatterwhen的用法与however/nomatterhow的用法基本相同。

【例句呈现】However/nomatterhowyoulookatit,it'sgoingtocostalot.不管你怎么看，它都要花很多钱。Shehasthewindowopen,however/nomatterhowcolditisoutside.不管外面多冷她都开着窗户。Howevergothereisamatter.无论如何去那里都是个问题。Whenever/nomatterwhenyoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.无论何时你搬到一个新的地方,你都应该找到火警报警站和离你房间最近的两个出口。Whenevertheygoabroaddependsonthepassports.不管他们什么时候出国，都要取决于签证。Hehiredhimselfouttowhoeverneededhisservices.他以前从事临时服务业。Comeoutofthere,whoever/nomatterhowyouare.不管你是谁，从那里出来吧。Amediacircussurroundedtheroyalcouplewherever/nomatterwheretheywent.无论王室夫妇走到何处，他们的身后都会跟着一大群媒体记者。Whereverhegoesisunimportant.不管他去哪里都不重要。Whatever/nomatterwhatsystemyouchoose,itmustberuninproperly.不管你选择什么样的体系，都必须经过适当的磨合。TheUnitedStateswilldowhateveritcantohelpGreece美国将竭尽所能帮助希腊。Thesituationisanawkwardone,whichever/nomatterwhichwayyoulookatit.无论从哪一方面看，这个局面都很尴尬。Whichever/nomatterwhichtheychoose,wemustaccepttheirdecision.无论他们如何选择，我们都必须接受他们的决定。Justbesuretobeawareofthesafetyregulationsinwhichevercountryyouhappentobebuyingyoureggsin.你只需要留意你要买鸡蛋的那个国家的食品安全规定就行。

【考点过关】用whenever/nomatterwhen;whatever/nomaterwhat;wherever/nomatterwhere;whichever/nomatterwhich;whoever/nomatterwho;however/nomatterhow填空1.________youcomehere,pleasecallmefirst.

2.Idon'tcare_______theywillcomefrom.3._______hehasputthesebooksisunimportant.4.________aproblemarrives,dothreethings–faceit,fightitandfinishit.5._______youstart,itisimportantthatyoudonotstopafterstarting.6._______happens,I'llalwaysbethereforyou.7._______goesthere,we’llagree.8.______theyare,theywillbehelpful.9._______youdo,tryyourbest.10.We'lltryourbesttodo_______isright.11._______isworthdoingisworthdoingwell.12.________wantstospeaktomeonthephone,tellthemI'mbusy.13._______doesbestwillgettheprize.14._______theyselect,wewilldisagree.【参考答案】1.Nomatterwhen/Whenever;2.wherever;3.Wherever;4.Whenever/Nomatterwhen;5.Nomatterwhen/how/Whenever/However;6.Nomatterwhat/Whatever;7.Whoever/Nomatterwho;8.Wherever/Nomatterwhere;9.Whatever/Nomatterwhat;10.whatever;11.Whatever;12.Whoever/Nomatterwho;13.Whoever;14.Nomatterwhich/Whichever●meandoingsth.;meantodosth.【教材原句】Gettingtoknowthesecretsofourmemorymeanslearningnotonlythefactsabout,butalsothewaystoimproveit.(教材P62)【辨析】两者意思完全不同。meandoingsth.意思是“意味着…..；意思是….”。meantodosth.意思是“打算做某事；有意做某事”，相当于intendtodosth、designtodosth.和plantodosth.【例句呈现】Takingthisjobmeanstakingalotofrisks.

接受这份工作意味着会遇到很多危险。Beingastudentmeansstudyinghard.

当学生意味着要努力学习。Successmeansworkinghard.

成功意味着工作努力。Missingthistrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.

错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。Doingonethingwelldoesn'tmeandoingexactlyonething.

做好一件事并不意味着仅仅做一件事。Wastingtimemeanskillinglife.

浪费时间意味着浪费生命。Don'tbetoohardontheboy;hedidn'tmeantodoit.对这个小男孩不要太严厉了，他不是故意这么做的。Imeantogo,butmyfatherwouldnotallowmeto.

我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。

Whatdoyoumeantodowithit?你打算把它怎样处理?Hehasalwaysmeanttogetitrepaired.他一直是想请人修一修的。Imeantostayhereforalongtime.我打算在这儿呆很久。Breakingthevaseispurelyaccidental;shedoesnotmeantodoit.

打碎花瓶纯粹是偶然失手;她无意弄坏它。【考点过关】根据meandoingsth.,meantodosth.的用法填空1.Readingmeans_______(take)intheinformation,digestingitandincorporatingitintooneself.2.Sometimes_______(give)upalittlecanmeangettingmore.3.Pleaseforgiveme.Ididn'tmean_______(do)that.4.Herson’slyingtohermeant_______(kill)her.5.Breakingthedishwasaccidental;hedidn't

mean_______

(do)it.6.Totakeitapartnowwouldmean_______(waste)alotoflabor.7.Revolutionmeans________(liberate)theproductiveforces.

8.Whatdoyou

mean________(do)?9.Hestilldidn'tunderstandthatImeant________(pay)moneyfirst.

10.Doyoureally

mean_________(do)

itsooner?11.Doingthatmeans_______(waste)time.12.Imeant________(give)youthisbooktoday,butIforgot.

13.Toraisewagemeans________(increase)purchasingpower.

14.Imeant_______(come)toseeyouyesterday,butsomethinghappenedtome.15.Havingawell-paidjobdoesnotmean_______(give)upyourinterests.16.Hisinjurymeans_______(miss)nextweek’sgame.【参考答案】1.taking;2.giving;3.todo;4.killing;5.todo;6.wasting;7.liberating;8.todo;9.paying;10.todo;11.wasting;12.togive;13.increasing;14.tocome;15.giving;16.missing●主语+be/getusedtodoingsth.;主语+usedtodo;主语+beusedtodosth.【教材原句】Everyonesharedthefood,whichwasnice,butI’musedtoorderingmyownmeal.(教材P65)【辨析】 主语+be/getusedtosth./doingsth.表示“习惯于做某事”，to是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词，be是系动词,可以用于过去、现在、将来的多种时态,还可以用get,become等词来代替。主语+usedtodosth.表示“过去常常”，说明过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已经不那样做或已经不存在了。其中的to是不定式符号,后面要接动词原形。它只有过去式一种形式,可以用于所有人称。主语+beusedtodosth.=主语+beusedfordoingsth.表示“被用来做某事”，是usesth.todosth.和usesth.fordoingsth.的被动结构。温馨提示：=1\*GB3①usedtodosth.的疑问式为Did…useto…?或Used…to…?构成；否定式为didn’tusetodosth.或usedn’ttodosth.=2\*GB3②thereusedtobe…表示“过去有….”【例句呈现】Thispowerfuldrugisusedtotr