2021新高考英语一轮复习课时作业34选修7Sharing

课时作业34SharingⅠ.阅读理解AMediareportsarenotinganincreaseinthenumberofhouseslistedbyJapanesegovernmentnoso­called“akiyabanks”.InJapanese,akiyameansabandonedorvacanthouses.Accordingtorecentestimates(评估)fromtheNomuraResearchInstitute(NRI),Japanishometoanestimated10millionabandonedhouses,withmanyoldonesspreadingthroughoutruralareas.Anditisalsoestimatedthatthenumberofabandonedhouseswillgrowto21.7millionby2033,whichisroughlyone­thirdofallhouses.“Theseabandonedhousesaretoxicassets(不良资产),sincethey'recostlytomaintainortoteardown，”MunekatsuOta,headofavacationrentalfirm,toldtheJapanTimes.“Butsimplerepairscouldturnthemintomoneymakers.”Theincreasingnumberofvacanthousesisduetobothdecliningpopulation,ashiftfromruraltourbanenvironments,andculture.Inanefforttoincreaseitsyoungerpopulationanddecreasingworkforce,andresettleareaswithvacanthouses,Japanisplanningtoloosenitsoncetightlycontrolledvisapolicy.“AnyonewanderingaroundJapanknowsthatthereisgrowingdiversityinschoolsandtheworkplace，”saidJeffKingston,aprofessoratTempleUniversityJapan.“Employersknowjusthowimportantforeignworkersareandthisrecognitionisspreading.Japanisanewimmigrationdestinationandmoreisnecessarytopromoteitsfutureeconomicprogress.”Withplentyofvacanciesinthehousingmarket,government,officialshavebeenmakinggreatefforts.Theyoffer“free”houses,withbuyersonlypayingtaxesandfees,withsomegreatdiscounts,andwithsomeolderunitssoldforonlyafewhundreddollars.KatsutoshiArai,presidentofanestateagency,said“WhenIwasgrowingup,whatIalwaysheardisthatJapanhasahugepopulation,andyouwon'tbeabletobuyahouse.Nowyoucanbuyafairlybighouseforalowcost,redecorateitandlivewellinit.”本文是一篇说明文。日本国内弃屋数量逐年以惊人的速度增长，如何处理这些弃屋成为政府的重要任务。1．WhatcanbelearnedfromNRI'sestimatesmentionedinParagraph2?A．Japanhasconstructedtoomanyhouses.B．Japaneseprefernewhousestooldones.C．Abandonedhouseshavebeeasocialproblem.D．Abandonedhousesmakeupabout33%ofallhouses.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，NRI估计日本现有1000万弃屋，到2033年弃屋数量将达2170万，由此可知日本弃屋已成为一个社会问题。2．WhatdoesJapandotodealwithitsincreasingabandonedhouses?A．Changepeople'sculturalconcepts.B．Turnruralareasintourbanones.C．Builddiverseschoolsandtheworkplace.D．Attractmoreforeignerstoworkinthecountry.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的．..loosenitsoncetightlycontrolledvisapolicy及Japanisanewimmigrationdestination...可知，为解决弃屋问题，日本政府放宽签证政策，吸引更多外国人到日本工作。3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．It'shardtodealwithvacanthousesinJapan.B．MorefreehouseswillbebuiltforJapanesepeople.C．HousinginJapanismoreaffordablethanbefore.D．MostJapanesearewillingtobuyabandonedhouses.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的．..youwon'tbeabletobuyahouse...buyafairlybighouseforalowcost...可推知，日本住房较之前更便宜了。BEversincetheUSspacecraft(航天器)programendedin2011,bothAmericanastronautsandthosefromothernationshavebeendependentontheRussianSoyuzspacecrafttogotoandfromtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).Thedependence,whichcostsNASA$70millionforeachtrip,isnotcheap.Now,thankstoSpaceX'ssuccessfulCrewDragontest,astronautsmaysoonhaveabetteralternativeasforthetransportationtotheISS.TheDemo­1testbeganonSaturday,March2,2019at2：49am,whenaSpaceXFalcon9rocketfiredoffwithaCrewDragonspacecraftonitsback.Tenminutesafterthelaunching(发射),theFalcon9'sreusablefirststagerocketmadeaperfectlanding.Shortlyafter,theCrewDragoncapsuleleftFalcon9'ssecondstagerocketandmadeitswaytoitsfinaldestination,theISS.At5：51am,about27hoursaftergoingintospace,thecapsulesuccessfullyarrivedattheISS.TheCrewDragonspacecraftcarrieditsfirst“astronaut”，amannequin(人体模型),whichwearsspecialequipmenttomonitorwhatahumanwouldexperienceontheflight.Afteritsscheduledfive­daystay,intheearlyhoursofMarch8,2019,theCrewDragonautonomouslylefttheISSand,withitsonlypassengerstillonboard,madeitswaybacktoEarth.UponenteringtheEarth'satmosphere,thespacecraftopenedfourparachutes(降落伞)tohelpslowdownitsrapiddropping.TheCrewDragonthendroppedintotheAtlanticOceanoffFlorda'scoastasexpected,whereitwasinstantlypulledupbyawaitingship.“Itsreturninghappenedjustrightontimeinthewaythatweexpecteditto.I'msohappyaboutthat，”BenjaminReedsaid.ThesamespacecraftwillbeusedforasecondflightasearlyasApril2019.Thisflightwilltestasystemcalledthe“inflight­abortsystem”，whichisdesignedforitsrocketexperiencinganaccident.ThesystemconsistsofeightSuperDracothrusters(推进器)thatcanworkintheeventofadisasterandflyacrews­carriedCrewDragoncapsulefarawayfromitsfailingFalcon9.Ifallgoeswell,theCrewDragonwillsoontransportitsfirsttwohumanpassengerstotheISS.本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国测试了其往返国际空间站飞船的航天工程。4．WhatmightbethesignificanceofSpaceX'ssuccessfulCrewDragontest?A．TheISSisavailabletosomecountriesforfree.B．Peoplecanliveinotherplanetsforlong.C．ThetransportationtotheISSismoreaffordable.D．NASAcanmakebetteruseoftheRussianSoyuzspacecraft.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的最后两句Thedependence...totheISS.可知，到达空间站的费用可能会便宜点。5．What'sParagraph2mainlywrittenabout?A．ThetaskscontainedintheDemo­1test.B．TheSpaceXFalcon9rocket'sspecialdesign.C．TheperfectendingoftheDemo­1test.D．ThesuccessfullaunchoftheSpaceXFalcon9rocket.答案：D解析：主旨大意题。通读第二段可知，本段主要讲解的内容是：SpaceXFalcon9型火箭的成功发射。6．WhatmadeBenjaminReedveryhappyaccordingtoParagraph4?A．TheCrewDragon'sperfectlandingonearth.B．Thepassengers'goodconditionintheISS.C．Thetimelyhelpofthewaitingship.D．TheCrewDragon'sperformanceinitsfive­dayschedule.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第四段BenjaminReed的话Itsreturninghappened...expecteditto.，并结合本段的Uponentering...recoveryship.可知，让BenjaminReed高兴的是CrewDragon太空舱出色地降落在地球。7．The“inflight­abort”systemisdesignedto________.A．preventtherockethavinganaccidentB．savetheastronautsinanemergencyC．enableFalcon9toreplaceSuperDracothrustersD．attachtheCrewDragoncapsulefirmlytoFalcon9答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第五段whichisdesigned...failingFalcon9.可知，此系统是为了在火箭升空出现意外的情况下，拯救航天员的生命。Ⅱ.完形填空GreenbergwasaluckyguytoenterColumbiaUniversityonafullscholarship.Butjustbeforejunioryear,Greenberg's__1__changed.Onedayhisvision“__2__up”andlaterhewasdiagnosed(诊断)withglaua(青光眼).ThendoctorsoperatedonGreenberg'seyes.__3__，thesurgerydidn'twork.Greenbergwasgoingblind.Hewasso__AsGreenberg'sbestfriend,ArthurpersuadedGreenbergtogobacktoColumbiaUniversityand__5__tobehis“reader”.Arthurreadtextbookstohimeveryday,takingtimeoutfromhisownstudy,andGreenberg__6__scoringstraightA's.Still,hewas__Then,oneafternoon,GreenbergandArthurwenttoMidtownManhattan.Whenitwastimetogobacktocampus.Arthursaidhecouldn't__8__himbecauseofanappointment.Greenberg__9__.Theyargued,andArthurwalkedoff,leavingGreenbergaloneinGrandCentralTerminal.Greenberg,whowaspletely__10__，stumbled(蹒跚而行)throughtherush­hourcrowd.HetookashuttletrainwesttoTimesSquare,andthentransferredtoanuptowntrain.Fourmileslater,he__11__attheColumbiaAtthegateoftheuniversity,someone__12__him.“Oops,excuseme,sir.”Greenbergrecognizedthevoice.ItwasArthur's.Greenberg'sfirstreactionwas__13__，butinthenextsecond,herealizedwhathehadjustachievedandrealized,too,whohadmadeitpossible.__14__，Arthurhadbeenwithhimthewholeday,usingoneofthemostbrilliantstrategies.Blindnessdoesn'tmakeGreenbergfailtoappreciatethe__15__oflife.Healwayssaysheistheluckiestmanintheworld.Greenberg是哥伦比亚大学的一名优秀学生，他因患青光眼而失明，因此不愿见任何人。幸运的是，在好朋友Arthur的帮助下，他克服了困难，重新找到了生活的美好。1．A.faith B．attitudeC．fortune D．reputation答案：C解析：根据空前一句“GreenbergwasaluckyguytoenterColumbiaUniversityonafullscholarship”和空后一句中的“hewasdiagnosed(诊断)withglaua(青光眼)”可推知，此处表示Greenberg的命运(fortune)发生了变化。故正确答案为C。2．A.lit B．steamedC．cleared D．cheered答案：B解析：根据空后的“andlaterhewasdiagnosed(诊断)withglaua(青光眼)”可推知，一天，他的视力变得模糊。故正确答案为B。3．A.Otherwise B．MoreoverC．Therefore D．However答案：D解析：根据空前一句“ThendoctorsoperatedonGreenberg'seyes”和空后的“thesurgerydidn'twork”可知，前后句是转折关系。however“但是，然而”符合语境。otherwise“否则”；moreover“而且，此外”；therefore“因此，所以”。4．A.shy B．desperateC．selfish D．nervous答案：B解析：根据空前一句“Greenbergwasgoingblind”可知，他是如此绝望(desperate)以至于拒绝见任何人。故正确答案为B。5．A.offered B．pretendedC．happened D．learned答案：A解析：根据下文“Arthurreadtextbokstohimeveryday,takingtimeoutfromhisownstudy”可知，Arthur说服Greenberg回到哥伦比亚大学，并主动提出(offered)成为他的“阅读器”。故正确答案为A。6．A.endedup B．carriedonC．imagined D．considered答案：A解析：根据语境可知，在Arthur的帮助下，Greenberg最终取得了全优的成绩。endup“最终”符合语境。故正确答案为A。7．A.curious B．confidentC．excited D．tentative答案：D解析：根据本句中的“Still”以及空后的“reliedonhisfriend”可推知，他对独处感到犹豫。tentative“犹豫的”符合语境，故正确答案为D。8．A.abandon B．rescueC．fort D．acpany答案：D解析：根据空后的“becauseofanappointment”可知，Arthur因为有约会而无法陪同(acpany)他。故正确答案为D。abandon“抛弃