新教材高中北师大版英语选择性必修1课时作业Unit1PartⅣLesson3SoCloseYetSoFar

课时作业(四)Unit1PartⅣLesson3SoClose,YetSoFarⅠ.阅读理解AAyoungJewishgirlbeginsadiaryjustasWorldWarⅡisabouttobreakoutinEurope.Sherecordsthedetailsofherdailylife,butmorethanthat.Eventually,thediaryestoaheartbreakingendwiththegirlshottodeathbytheNazis.However,it'snotthestoryofAnneFrank.ThisisRenia'sDiary,ajournalthatwashiddenforyearsinasafebox.Nowit'singtolightwiththehelpofRenia'ssisterandniece.Foralongtime,stunnedandcouldn'tgetveryfar.“Itwastoopainfultoreadit，”Elizabethrecalls.“Ijustputitinthebasementanddidn'tthinkaboutit.”Alexandra,Elizabeth'sdaughter,grewupknowingaboutthelockeddiary.AsAlexandragotolder,shewasmoreinterestedinit.“IfIcouldreadthisdiary,maybeI'llexploresomethingsfromthepast，”shethought.Shegotthediaryfromitshidingplace.Whenshereadit,Alexandrawasshocked.“It'sthedescriptionofawonderfulgirlwhoshowedgreatcourageinterribletimes.Myaunt'sworldestolifeasthediaryshiftsbetweenateenagegirl'sdailylifeandthewar.”ElizabethandherdaughterAlexandraareexcitedthatthediarywillbepublished.“Itisastorythatneedstobeheardnowmorethanever.Weshouldneverrepeatthesametypesofracism(种族主义)andhatethatleadtoviolence，”Alexandrasays.1．WhywasRenia'sDairyunknowntotheworldforsomanyyears?A．ThestoryisnotasfamousasAnneFrank's.B．Itwaslostinthewarandnoonefoundit.C．Alexandrawasafraidtoreadit.D．Reniakeptitasecret.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stunned”meaninParagraph3?A．Embarrassed.B．Bored.C．Excited.D．Shocked.3．WhywasAlexandrasointerestedinRenia'sDiary?A．Shewascuriousaboutheraunt'sexperience.B．Shewantedtoforthermother.C．Sheplannedtopublishheraunt'sdairy.D．ShedecidedtoprovehowstrongReniawas.4．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．AGirlFightingAgainsttheRacismandHateB．Renia'sDiaryIstoetoLightC．DiscoveringtheHistoryofaJewishFamilyD．AJewishFamilyinWorldWarⅡBAtfirstglance,thebusinessworldisnoplaceforyoungwomen,asmyco­foundersandIhavebeentoldonmanyoccasions.Inspiteofthispessimisticviewofwomen'sopportunityinbusiness,wethreecollege­agegirlswithzeroexperienceinbusinessstartedoffwithahighlyambitiousgoal:tostartaseaweedfarminNorthCarolina,andgrowasmuchseaweedaspossibletohelpreducethecarbonemission(排放)andnutrientpollutionfromagriculturalsources.Inthebeginning,ourideaswereeitherignoredorscoffedbytheresearchersfromwhomwesoughthelpandadvice.Butwecarriedonwithourresearchevenifotherswouldn'tprovideuswithanswers.Wedidn'tdreadtryingtoworkthemoutourselves.Wediscoveredwhichspeciescouldgrowinwarmerwater,andwe'didentifiedpotentialmarketsintowhichweplannedtoselltheproduct.We'vespentthelasttwoyearssettingupthefirstseaweedfarminNC,applyingforapatent(专利)andpetingwithfivefinalteamsinfrontoftheUnitedNationsforonemilliondollars.Despiteallofourefforts,manyindustryexpertsremainedunwillingtotakeusseriously.Butasoftenhappensinbusiness,thesamecharacteristicswewereignoredforwere,inreality,ourbiggestpetitiveadvantages.Ouragegaveusthestrengthtobouncebackfromfailure,andourbackgroundasenvironmentalscientists,ratherthanbusinesswomen,helpedusfindnewmarketingopportunities.Forevery10farmerswhoclaimednobodywouldeverwanttofeedtheircowsseaweed,wefoundonewhowasinterested.Forevery15cosmeticsproducerswhorefusedtoanswerourcoldcalls,westucktotheonewithaninterestingideaforaseaweedlotion(乳液)．Overthecourseofourearlybusinessdevelopmentefforts,wehavehadaccesstoawealthofresources,programs,andindividualswhoworkconstantlytohelpussucceed.Bystayingfocusedonbringingourideastolight，ourteamhasdemonstratedthatentrepreneurshipisexactlytherightplaceforthehopeful.5．Whatwasthemajorcausefortheirdifficultiesinstartingbusiness?A．Theywerewomen.B．Theywereyoung.C．Theylackedexperience.D．Theysufferedprejudice.6．Whatdidtheydotomaketheirbusinesssuccessfulaccordingtothepassage?A．Theyexpandedtheirseaweedfarms.B．Theyexperimentedonseaweedspecies.C．Theygottheirproductofficiallyrecognized.D．TheyconsultedtheUnitedNations.7．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howtheybenefitedfromtheirweaknesses.B．Howtheygotothersinterestedinseaweed.C．Howtheymadethemselvesmorepetitive.D．Howtheyapproachedpotentialcustomers.Ⅱ.完形填空Thisissoeasy,inexpensive,andhasalwaysbroughteitheroftwo__1__：alookofshockorabigsmile.Iamacane­walking(拄着手杖走路的)seniorcitizenwithmobility__2__，especiallyincoldweatherbutIhaveasharpeyeforusefulbargainsandsinceIstilldrive,Icandothiswithouthavingtogetinandoutofthecartohelppeople.Hereishowit“works”.WhenIseegloves,warmhatsandscarvesonsale(neworingoodconditionfromasecond­handstore).Ibuythemvery__3__.Iflaundering(洗涤)isneeded,Idoitto__4__tinystains(污渍)soeverythinglooksgood.IhavealargebasketthatIkeepinthepassengersideofmycarandI“file”thesethingsinit,whereIcaneasilyreachoverandgetwhateverIdetermineismost__5__forsomeonewhoiswithoutandoutinthecold.Iamalways__6__ofthingsandpeoplearoundmeinparkinglotsandalongthewalkwaysofmysmallhometown.ButwhenIseesomeoneobviouslycoldandwithoutwhatwillhelpthem,I__7__besidethem,rolldownmy__8__，andaskiftheywill__9__andwearallthreethingsorwhateverisneeded...andthenastheystareatmein__10__，Ialwaysadd:“Ihavethingsrighthereinmy__11__toshare.Pleasemeby__12__themtostaywarmwhenyouareoutside.”NotyethaveI__13__hostility(敌意)orfeltinanydanger,butsincesomanyoftheitemsare“cheerful”14__myhearttoknowthatmyitemsarebeingusedand__15__.1．A.routinesB．reactionsC．outlinesD．suggestions2．A.performancesB．amusementC．addictionD．problems3．A.cheaplyB．casuallyC．unwillinglyD．briefly4．A.strengthenB．increaseC．paintD．remove5．A.specificB．usefulC．popularD．usual6．A.positiveB．shortC．carefulD．fond7．A.putdownB．settledownC．queueupD．pullup8．A.windowB．lightC．wheelD．floor9．A.improveB．buyC．borrowD．accept10．A.sadnessB．dishonestyC．disbeliefD．anger11．A.mindB．bagC．basketD．reach12．A.wearingB．winningC．ignoringD．folding13．A.accountedforB．metwithC．escapedfromD．keptupwith14．A.splitsB．sacrificesC．forcesD．warms15．A.examinedB．appreciatedC．blamedD．guaranteed课时作业(四)Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述二战时期一个女孩的日记，日记记载了女孩生活的细节。为了不再重复同样类型的种族主义和仇恨所导致的暴力，这本日记在这个女孩的妹妹和外甥女的帮助下将会出版。1．答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的ThisisRenia'sDiary,ajournalthatwashiddenforyearsinasafebox.可知这本日记被Reuia秘密收藏起来了，故选D。2．答案与解析：D词义猜测题，根据文章第三段中Elizabeth说的话“Itwastoopainfultoreadit.”Elizabethrecalls.“Ijustputitinthebasementanddidn'tthinkaboutit.”(“这本日记读起来太痛苦了，”Elizabeth回忆道。“我就把它放在地下室里，没有回想它。”)，可以推断她在读她姐姐的日记时应该是很震惊的，由此推测stunned意为“震惊的”，与shocked同义，故选D。3．答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据文章第四段Alexandra,Elizabeth'sdaughter,grewupknowingaboutthelockeddiary.AsAlexandragotolder,shewasmoreinterestedinit.“IfIcouldreadthisdiary,maybeI'llexploresomethingsfromthepast，”shethought.(Alexandra,Elizabeth的女儿从小就知道这本锁着的日记。随着Alexandra年龄的增长，她对它越来越感兴趣。“如果我能读这本日记，也许我会探索过去的一些事情，”她想。)可知Alexandta出于自己的好奇心而对日记感兴趣，故选A。4．答案与解析：B主旨大意题。根据文章第二段ThisisRenia'sDiary,ajournalthatwashiddenforyearsinasafebox.Nowit'singtolightwiththehelpofRenia'ssisterandniece.可知Renia'sDiaryistoetolight符合主题思想，并且引出文章内容，适合作文章的标题，故选B。B【语篇解读】女性在商业领域一直饱受偏见与质疑，但是作者与她的两位女性朋友开启商界的尝试。她们一开始就立下了雄心壮志：在北卡罗来纳州建立海藻农场，尽可能多地种植海藻来减少碳排放和来自农业的营养污染。她们历经坎坷，最终得到认可。创业为心怀希望的人而存在。5．答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第一段中．..thebusinessworldisnoplaceforyoungwomenasmyco­foundersandIhavebeentoldonmanyoccasions.Inspiteofthispessimisticviewofwomen'sopportunityinbusiness...可知，D项正确。prejudice意为“偏见”。6．答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段中Butwecarriedonwithourresearchevenifotherswouldn'tprovideuswithanswers.Wedidn'tdreadtryingtoworkthemoutourselves.Wediscoveredwhichspeciescouldgrowinwarmerwater...可知，作者及其团队通过实验与研究使得海藻种植得以成功。B项正确。7．答案与解析：A主旨大意题。根据第三段中Butasoftenhappensinbusiness,thesamecharacteristicswewereignoredforwere,inreality,ourbiggestpetitiveadvantages.Ourage...,andourbackground...可知，在商界我们因为年轻和环境科学家背景的特点而被忽视，但是这些弱点恰恰是我们的竞争优势，所以A选项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者是一个行动不便靠拐杖行走的老人。但这并没有影响作者去帮助别人。作者对有用的便宜货有着敏锐的眼光，会用很低的价格把它们买回来。作者开车时会留意道路上行走的人，如果有人看起来很冷且身上没有御寒物品，作者会问他们是否需要帮助，并把自己准备好的物品提供给他们。作者使路人很暖心，自己也感到很温暖，很高兴。1．答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。句意：这很简单，也不贵，而且总是会带来两种反应中的任何一种：震惊的表情或灿烂的笑容。routine路线；reaction反应；outline外形，轮廓；suggestion建议。由alookofshockofabigsmile可知，这是两种反应。故选B项。2．答案与解析：D考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个靠拐杖走路的老人，我行动不便，尤其是在寒冷的天气里。但我对有用的便宜货有着敏锐的眼光。因为我开车，所以我不用上下车就可以做这件事来帮助别人。performance表演；amusement娱乐；addiction上瘾；problem问题。由acane­walking(拄着手杖走路的)seniorcitizen可知，作者行动不便。故选D项。3．答案与解析：A考查副词词义辨析。句意：……我会非常便宜地把它们买回来。cheaply便宜地；casually随意地；unwillingly不愿意地；briefly简洁地。由neworingoodconditionfromasecond­handstore可知，这东西或者是新的或者是在二手商店买的质量较好的东西。所以作者会以低廉的价格把它们买回来。故选A项。4．答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果(衣物)需要洗的话，我会洗掉细小的污渍，这样每一件东西看起来都不错。strengthen加强；increase增加；paint画；remove清除。作者洗衣物的目的是除去污渍。故选D项。5．答案与解析：B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一个大篮子，我把它放在车的乘客一侧，我把这些东西“归档”在里面，这样我就可以很容易地从里面伸手去拿我认为对身处寒冷户外的人最有用的且其手里没有的东西。specific具体的；useful有用的；popular流行的；usual平常的。由someonewhoiswithoutandoutinthecold可知，作者所准备的东西对那些身处户外的人最有用处。故选B项。6．答案与解析：C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在停车场和我家乡的小镇的人行道上，我总是留意着周围的人和物。positive积极的；short短的；careful小心的；fond喜欢的。作者很留意周围的人和物以便向别人提供帮助。故选C项。7．答案与解析：D考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，当我看到有人明显很冷，没有什么可以帮助他们的时候，我就把车停在他们旁边，摇下车窗，问他们是否愿意接受并穿上这三样东西，或者他们需要的任何东西……当他们难以置信地盯着我看时，我总是补充说：“我的篮子里刚好有可以分享的东西……”。p