成都实验中学高三一诊考试英语试题

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精2019-2010学年度2017级市一诊考试模拟试卷英语试题本试卷分第1卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。共150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1。答第1卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号.不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。第I卷(选择题共100分）第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1。5分，满分7。5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatcoloristheboss'shair？A。Brown.B.White.C.Dark。2。Whatcanthemangetforbookingastayof3nights？A.$50incash。B。Ashoppingcard。C.Agascard。3.Whatdoesthegirlsayabouthernewclassmates？A。It'sdifficulttoknowallofthem。B.Theyareveryclever。C。Theyareindifferent.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inaclothingstore.B。Atthewoman’s。C。Inaballroom.5。Howmuchdidthemancuttheprice？A.$20.B.＄25。C.＄45.第二节（共15小题；每小题1。5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6。Wherearethespeakers?A。AttheLostandFound。B。Atabusstop。C.Inashop.7.Whatdoesthemanmeanatlast?A.Hewillgivethewomananewcoatlikethat.B。Hewilltrytofindthecoat。C。Hedidn’tseeacoatlikethat.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8Whenwasthebutterbought?A.Yesterday.B.Thedaybeforeyesterday。C.Onemonthago.9。Whatisthewomangoingtodowiththebutter?A。Changeit。B。Eatitup。C。Throwitaway.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whyisthewomansohappy？A。Hersisterhasstudiedatschool.B。Hersisterhasstartedahobby.C。Hersisterbeginstowritearticles。11.Whatdoesthewoman'ssisterlikemost?A.Paintinglandscapes.B。Learningliterature.C。Drawingstilllives.12.Whatdoesthemanlikedoing?A。Tellingstories.B。Drawingpeople。C.Watchingothersdrawing.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A。Pickuphissister.B。Takeatrain。C。Seehisuncleoff。14.Whattimedoesthetrainarriveatthestation？A。At4:10。B.At4：20.C.At4:30。15。HowoftendoestheNo.1busrun?A。Every5minutes.B。Every10minutes.C.Every15minutes。16.Whomdidthewomanlendherbiketo？A。Mike。B。Heruncle。C.Mike’suncle.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17。Whatisthespeaker’smainpurposeofcomingtoEngland？ATogosightseeing。B.Toseeherboyfriend.C。Todobusiness。18.Whatdidthespeakerdoyesterday？A。ShevisitedChinatown.B。Shedidsomeshopping。C.Shewenttoanexhibition.19.Whereisthelocationofthespeaker’scompany?A。Neartherestaurant.B.Nearthecoffeeshop。C.Neartheclothesshop.20.Whatisthewomanprobably？A。Amanager.B。Atravelagent。C。Aphotographer.第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AApplicationsforthe2018／19academicyeararenowopen.What’sitallabout？TheBritishCouncilinChinaisofferinguptofive‘GenerationUK-China’scholarshipsforoutstandingUKstudentswhowishtostudyatmainlandChineseuniversitiesin“September2018orFebruary2019foronesemesteroroneyear.AcademicscholarshipscanbeusedatanymainlandChineseinstitutionapprovedbytheMinistryofEducationtoacceptforeignstudents.Youcandecidewhereyouwanttobebasedandwhichsubjects（atanon—degreelevel)youwishtostudy.ThemajorityofstudentschoosetostudyinBeijing.DoIneedtospeakMandarin（普通话)？Therearenolanguagerequirementsforthisprogramme.However，pleasecheckthecourserequirementsoftheChineseinstitutionyouwishtostudyin.AlllanguagecoursesaresuitableforcompletebeginnersinMandarin.However，thereistheopportunitytobeplacedinclassesforintermediateandadvancedlearners.Inthiscase，youcanexpectaninformallanguagetestuponarrivaltomakesureyougetputintherightclass.IfthisisyourfirstexperiencewiththeMandarinlanguage,westronglyrecommendthatyoulearnafewofthebasicsbeforeyougo.WhyshouldIgo?With1。4billionspeakersworldwide，Chinesetrulyisagloballanguage.Graduateswhospeakmorethanonelanguagearehighlysought—after，andwithChina’sincreasingroleintheworldmarket，Mandarinisbecomingafavouriteamongemployers.Chineseuniversitiesattractmanyinternationalstudentsfortheirhigh—qualityteachingandoffervariousscholarships。Thisisanopportunitytoexperiencelifeinacompletelydifferentculture，gainnewskillsandimproveyourcareerprospects。1。Whatistheprogrammeabout?A。TheUKstudentsmuststudyinChinaforoneyear.B。ItoffersscholarshipsforalloutstandingUKstudents。C.StudentscanusescholarshipsatanyChineseinstitution。D。ItgivesscholarshipsforUKstudentstostudyinChina。2.WhatisChineselanguagerequirementfortheprogramme？A.StudentsmustlearnMandarinfromthebasiclevel。B.Itisnecessaryforstudentstohaveadvancedlevel.C.StudentshadbettergainsomeprimaryknowledgeofChinese.D。Alltheinstitutionshavethesamelanguagerequirements。3.Whatisthepurposeoftheprogramme?A。ToattractstudentstostudyinChina。B。ToadvertisetheBritishCouncilinChina。C.TointroducedifferentuniversitiesinChina。D.TostresstheimportanceoftheChineselanguage。【答案】1.D2。C3.A【解析】这是一篇应用文.短文主要介绍了向希望来中国留学的英国学生提供奖学金，为留学做好学习汉语准备的建议以及来中国学习的重要性。【1题详解】细节理解题。由TheBritishCouncilinChinaisofferinguptofive‘GenerationUK-China’scholarshipsforoutstandingUKstudentswhowishtostudyatmainlandChineseuniversitiesin“September2018orFebruary2019foronesemesteroroneyear可知,这个项目是关于给希望来中国留学的英国学生提供奖学金的事。故D选项正确。【2题详解】推理判断题。由IfthisisyourfirstexperiencewiththeMandarinlanguage，westronglyrecommendthatyoulearnafewofthebasicsbeforeyougo如果这是你第一次接触普通话，我们强烈建议你在上大学之前学习一些基本的汉语知识可知，学生们最好是能掌握一些基本的汉语知识。故C选项正确.【3题详解】写作目的题.由With1。4billionspeakersworldwide，Chinesetrulyisagloballanguage。Graduateswhospeakmorethanonelanguagearehighlysought-after,andwithChina’sincreasingroleintheworldmarket，Mandarinisbecomingafavouriteamongemployers。Chineseuniversitiesattractmanyinternationalstudentsfortheirhigh-qualityteachingandoffervariousscholarships.Thisisanopportunitytoexperiencelifeinacompletelydifferentculture，gainnewskillsandimproveyourcareerprospects可知，这两段主要说明了普通话对于就业和个人发展的重要性，目的是吸引更多的学生来中国学习.故A选项正确.BFromthelossofwildlifetorisingsealevels,we'reallwellawareoftheproblemsthatclimatechangecouldcause.Butwhileitmayseemlikesuchissueswon'taffectmostofusdirectly,itlookslikefuturegenerationscouldgrowupwithoutsomethingthatmanyofusnowtakeforgranted:chocolate.AccordingtoanessaypublishedbytheUSNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,changestotheclimateintheregionsthatproducecacao–theplantfromwhichchocolateisproduced–maymeanthatitwillsoonbecomeextinct.Mostoftheworld'scacaogrowsincountriesclosetotheequator（赤道),withoverhalfofitgrowingintheAfricannationsofGhanaandIvoryCoast。It'spredictedthatby2050,climatechangewillhaveacceleratedtherateatwhichtemperaturesinthesecountriesrise,makingitextremelydifficultforcacaotogrowthere.Theproblemdoesn’tlieinincreasedheat,however,butinlowerhumidity(湿度)，asit’sbelievedthatrainfallwillstayatthesamelevelifthetemperaturerises.“Inotherwordsashighertemperaturessqueezemorewateroutofsoilandplants，it’sunlikelythatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtooffsetthemoisture(水分)loss，”MichonScott,theessay’sauthor，wrote.Tohelpfightthisproblem,researchersfromBerkeleyUniversityintheUSareworkingonchangingtheDNAofcacaoplantstoallowthemtosurviveindryerconditionsbyusinggeneeditingtechnology，accordingtoUSNews.Inthemeantime,UScompanyMars，oneoftheworld’sbiggestmanufacturersofchocolateproducts,announcedinJanuarythatitwouldspend＄1billion（6。33billionyuan)tohelpreducetheeffectsofclimatechange.“Thisisaworldissue,anditrequireseveryonetoworktogether，"MarsspokespersonBarryParkintoldBusinessInsider.Themessagehereisthatifwealldoourpart,wemaybeabletopreventsomeoftheworstimpactsofclimatechange。Orifwe'reunlucky,chocolatewillbecomeathingofthepast。4.Whatcouldmakeithardforcacaotogrowaroundtheequatorinthefuture？A.thehighertemperaturesthereB。thehigherhumiditythereC.theincreaseinrainfallthereD.themoisturelossinthesoilthere5.WhatdidBarryParkinsuggest？A.Nomanisanisland.B.Everylittlebitcounts.C。Unitedwestand；dividedwefall。D。Wishforthebest；preparefortheworst。6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A。UCBerkeleyistryingtofindasubstituteforcacao。B。CacaocanonlybefoundinmostAfricancountries.C.Climatechangescanbecontrolledifwearelucky。D.Marswillfinanciallysupportthefightagainstclimatechanges.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A.Theoriginofchocolate.B。Thefutureofchocolate。C.Thehistoryofchocolate。D.Theingredientsofchocolate。【答案】4.D5.C6。D7.B【解析】这是一篇说明文.文章主要讲述了未来气候变化（温度升高，湿度降低）将影响到可可树的生长，这意味着可可豆可能将很快灭绝，巧克力将不会存在。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中Theproblemdoesn'tlieinincreasedheat,however，butinlowerhumidity（湿度)，asit’sbelievedthatrainfallwillstayatthesamelevelifthetemperaturerises.然而，问题不在于温度升高，而在于湿度降低，因为人们相信如果温度升高，降雨量将保持不变。可知，那里土壤中的水分流失可能会使可可豆在未来难以在赤道附近生长。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据最后两段“Thisisaworldissue,anditrequireseveryonetoworktogether,"MarsspokespersonBarryParkintoldBusinessInsider。“这是一个世界性的问题，需要每个人共同努力，”玛氏公司发言人BarryParkin告诉商业内幕网。Themessagehereisthatifwealldoourpart，wemaybeabletopreventsomeoftheworstimpactsofclimatechange。Orifwe'reunlucky,chocolatewillbecomeathingofthepast。这里传递的信息是，如果我们大家都尽自己的一份力，我们或许能够阻止气候变化的一些最严重影响.如果我们不幸没做到，巧克力将成为过去。可知，BarryParkin的话暗示着在做努力阻止气候变化时，团结则存，分裂则亡.故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第九段Inthemeantime，UScompanyMars，oneoftheworld’sbiggestmanufacturersofchocolateproducts，announcedinJanuarythatitwouldspend$1billion（6。33billionyuan）tohelpreducetheeffectsofclimatechange.与此同时，全球最大的巧克力产品制造商之一、美国玛氏公司（Mars）今年1月宣布，将投资10亿美元（合63。3亿元人民币）帮助减少气候变化的影响。可知,玛氏公司将为应对气候变化提供资金支持.故选D项.【7题详解】主旨大意题.根据第二段Butwhileitmayseemlikesuchissueswon’taffectmostofusdirectly,itlookslikefuturegenerationscouldgrowupwithoutsomethingthatmanyofusnowtakeforgranted：chocolate。虽然这些问题似乎不会直接影响到我们大多数人，但未来几代人长大后可能不会有我们现在认为理所当然的东西：巧克力。第三段AccordingtoanessaypublishedbytheUSNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration，changestotheclimateintheregionsthatproducecacao–theplantfromwhichchocolateisproduced–maymeanthatitwillsoonbecomeextinct。根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局发表的一篇文章,生产可可豆(巧克力的原料）地区的气候变化可能意味着可可豆将很快灭绝。第五段It’spredictedthatby2050，climatechangewillhaveacceleratedtherateatwhichtemperaturesinthesecountriesrise，makingitextremelydifficultforcacaotogrowthere。据预测,到2050年，气候变化将加速这些国家的温度上升速度，使可可树在那里很难生长。通读全文，可知,本文主要是讲述了气候变化将影响到可可树的生长,这意味着可可豆可能将很快灭绝，因此本文是关于巧克力的未来。故选B项。CForthepastfiveyears,October11hasmarkedtheInternationalDayoftheGirl.TheUnitedNationsestablishedthedaytobringattentiontotheneedsanddifficultiesthatgirlsfacearoundtheworld.Italsocallsforempowermentandimprovedrightsoftheworld’s1。1billiongirls.Oneinfourgirlsgetsmarriedasachild。Every10minutes，somewhereintheworld,agirlisviolentlykilled.Thegroupsalsonotethatmorethan130milliongirlsarenotabletoattendschool。Thisweek，theorganizationONEpublishedalistofthe10hardestcountriesforgirlstogetaneducation.NineofthecountrieswereinAfrica，southoftheSaharandesert.NumberonewasSouthSudan,where73percentofgirlsdonotgotoschool。InNiger,numberthreeonthelist,only17percentofgirlsbetweentheagesof15to24canread。Afghanistanisnext.Ithasthegreatestgenderdifferenceineducation。Just71girlsgotoprimaryschoolforevery100boys.GayleSmithispresidentoftheONEcampaign。Shedescribedthemorethan130milliongirlsoutofschoolas“potentialengineers，teachersandpoliticianswhoseleadershiptheworldismissingouton."TheONECampaignalsoreportedthisweekthatthenumberofgirlsnotgettinganeducationrosefrom130.3millionto130。9millioninthepastyear.PeoplemarkedtheDayoftheGirlonsocialmedia。OnYouTube，aspecialDayoftheGirlmusicvideosettoaBeyoncesongtrended，too。Thesongis“Freedom。"TheUN’sGlobalGoalsprojectmadethevideo。Itshowsgirlsfromallovertheworlddancingandsingingthewordsto“Freedom”.Injustoneday,ithasmorethan1。5millionviews.8。HowmanygirlscanreceiveeducationinSouthSudan？A。10％. B.17％。C。27%. D。73%.9.Whatdoyouknowaboutthegirl'seducationbasedontheONEcampaign?A.Itisgettingworse. B.Itremainsthesame。C。Itisimprovingalittle。 D.Itisturningmuchbetter。10。Howdoestheauthorsoundwhentellingthisevent？A。Delighted. B.Heavy—hearted。C。Inspired. D.Excited.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A。RightsoftheWorldGirlsAreImproving.B.GirlsinConflictAreasFaceaThreatofLife。C。Song“Freedom”CelebratestheGirlHoliday.D。October11MarksInternationalDayoftheGirl.【答案】8.C9。A10.B11。D【解析】这是一篇说明文.文章主要讲述了关于10月11日的国际女童日。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中NumberonewasSouthSudan，where73percentofgirlsdonotgotoschool。排名第一的是南苏丹，那里73％的女孩没有上学。可知,南苏丹只有27%的女孩上学了。故选C项.【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中TheONECampaignalsoreportedthisweekthatthenumberofgirlsnotgettinganeducationrosefrom130.3millionto130。9millioninthepastyear.“ONECampaign”本周还报道称,去年未受教育的女孩的数量从1.303亿上升到1。309亿。可知，根据ONECampaign的报道，未接受教育的女孩人数上升了，所以女孩的受教育情况变糟糕了。故选A项.【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Oneinfourgirlsgetsmarriedasachild.Every10minutes,somewhereintheworld，agirlisviolentlykilled.Thegroupsalsonotethatmorethan130milliongirlsarenotabletoattendschool.四分之一的女孩小时候就结婚了。每10分钟，世界上就有一个女孩被暴力杀害。这些组织还指出，有1.3亿多女孩无法上学。通过报道这些数字，可知，作者在报道这件事时心情是很沉重的。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Forthepastfiveyears,October11hasmarkedtheInternationalDayoftheGirl.TheUnitedNationsestablishedthedaytobringattentiontotheneedsanddifficultiesthatgirlsfacearoundtheworld.Italsocallsforempowermentandimprovedrightsoftheworld’s1。1billiongirls.过去五年来,10月11日一直是国际女童日。联合国设立了国际女童日，以引起人们对全世界女童面临的需求和困难的关注。它还呼吁赋予世界11亿女孩权力和改善她们的权利.最后一段中PeoplemarkedtheDayoftheGirlonsocialmedia。人们在社交媒体上庆祝“女童日".可知，本文主要是讲述了关于10月11日的国际女童日，因此文章最佳标题是选项D“10月11日是国际女童日”.故选D项。DRatsthateathighlevelsofanaturalsugarknownasfructose（果糖)seemtoagefasterthanotherrats-andthesamecouldbetrueforpeoplewhoeattoomuchsweetjunkfood,IsraeliresearcherssaidMonday.Fructose,foundnaturallyinhoneyandfruit，isusedwidelyinfoodsrangingfromsoftdrinkstoyogurt.Butwhileitssweettasteispopular,thesugarcouldcausewrinkles,theresearcherssaid。Dr。MosheWermanandBoazLevioftheTechnion-IsraelInstituteofTechnologyfedlargeamountsoffructosetolaboratoryrats.WritingintheJournalofNutrition，theysaidthefructose-fedratsshowedchangesinthecollagen(胶原蛋白)oftheirskinandbones。Collagenbasicallyholdsthebodytogether。Thelossofcollageniswhatcauseslooseskinanddeepwrinklesinolderpeople。Theprocessaffected，Werman'steamsaid,isknownascross—linking（交叉相连）.“Toomuchcross—linkingmakestheskinstiff，andthesearetheconditionsthatencouragewrinkledskin,”Wermansaidinastatement。Hesaidthesamecouldbetrueofpeople，althoughthishasnotbeenshown。“Americansareeatingmoreandmoreprocessedfoodssuchasbakedgoods，cannedfruits，jamsanddairyproductsthatcontainfructose,”Wermansaid。Otherstudieshaveshownthattakinginhighfructosemaycausediabetes（糖尿病）.TheratsWermanworkedwithwerefedmuchmorethantheaverageadultpersonmighteatinaday,whichisstandardinsuchexperiments.Theratswerefed12.5gramsoffructoseperkgofweighteverydayforayear.12。Intheexperiments，ifaratwas0。25kg,itmayhavebeenfedaboutgramsoffructoseeverydayforayear.A。3 B.4C.5 D。613.Whydoolderpeoplehavedeepwrinklesaccordingtothepassage？A.Theydon’tdrinkenoughwatereveryday。B.Collagenintheirbodyislost.C.Theydon’ttakeenoughexerciseeveryday。D。Theirdailyfoodsdonotcontainenoughfructose.14。Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A。Thefructose—fedratsonlyshowedchangesinthecollagenoftheirskin。B.Toomuchcross—linkingmakestheskinsoft.C。TheamountofsugartheratsinWerman’slabatewaslargerthananordinaryadultmighteatinaday.D.Ithasn’tbeenshownthattakinginhighfructosemaycausediabetes。15。Thebesttitleforthepassageshouldbe“".A.Sugar—itcouldreducecollagenB.Collagen—itcouldageyouC.Collagen—itcouldcausewrinklesD。Sugar—itcouldageyou【答案】12.A13。B14。C15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员根据吃了果糖的老鼠衰老得更快的实验发现了果糖会加速人类的衰老。这主要是因为糖使得体内的胶原蛋白发生了变化，胶原蛋白的流失会导致老年人皮肤松弛和皱纹加深。【12题详解】细节理解题.根据最后一段中Theratswerefed12.5gramsoffructoseperkgofweighteverydayforayear。在一年的时间里，这些老鼠每天每公斤体重摄取12.5克果糖。可知,1公斤体重每天摄取12。5克的果糖,因此0。25公斤重的老鼠每天应该摄取3.125克的果糖。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Thelossofcollageniswhatcauseslooseskinanddeepwrinklesinolderpeople.胶原蛋白的流失是导致老年人皮肤松弛和皱纹加深的原因.可知，根据文章所述，老年人体内的胶原蛋白的流失使得他们的皱纹加深。故选B项.【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中TheratsWermanworkedwithwerefedmuchmorethantheaverageadultpersonmighteatinaday,whichisstandardinsuchexperiments。沃曼研究的老鼠每天的食量远远超过成年人的平均食量，这在此类实验中是标准的.可知,沃曼实验室的老鼠所吃的果糖量比一个普通成年人一天所能吃的果糖量还要多。故选C项.【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Ratsthateathighlevelsofanaturalsugarknownasfructose(果糖)seemtoagefasterthanotherrats—andthesamecouldbetrueforpeoplewhoeattoomuchsweetjunkfood,IsraeliresearcherssaidMonday.以色列研究人员于本周一称，大量摄取一种被称为果糖的天然糖的老鼠似乎比其它老鼠衰老得更快，而对于那些吃太多甜食垃圾食品的人来说，情况可能也是如此。第二段中Butwhileitssweettasteispopular，thesugarcouldcausewrinkles,theresearcherssaid.但研究人员说，尽管它的甜味很受欢迎,但这种糖可能会导致皱纹.以及第三段中“Toomuchcross—linkingmakestheskinstiff,andthesearetheconditionsthatencouragewrinkledskin，”Wermansaidinastatement.Hesaidthesamecouldbetrueofpeople，althoughthishasnotbeenshown.沃曼在一份声明中说：“太多的‘交叉相联’会使皮肤变硬，这是导致皮肤起皱纹的原因。"他说，同样的情况也可能发生在人身上,尽管这还没有得到证实。再通读全文,可知，本文主要是讲述了研究人员从吃了果糖的老鼠衰老得更快的实验发现了果糖会加速人类的衰老，因此本文的最佳标题是选项D“糖-—会让你变老"。故选D项.【点睛】第4小题考查了主旨大意题。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句,若无明显主题句,就通过关键词句来概括（如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词).本文是介绍一个研究结果的，该类文章的中心一般就在第一段。因此，考生直接抓住第一段Ratsthateathighlevelsofanaturalsugarknownasfructose(果糖）seemtoagefasterthanotherrats-andthesamecouldbetrueforpeoplewhoeattoomuchsweetjunkfood,IsraeliresearcherssaidMonday.即可找到文章中心.故选D项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Secretcodes(密码)keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness，especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer。Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears。____16____Codebreakingneverlags（落后)farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.____17____Forexample，thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme。”___18___Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber，forexample。Let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet，inorder,from1to26。Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135。"Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords，phrases,orsentences。Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook。___19___Forexample，“bridge”mightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me。”Themessage“Bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme。”___20___However，itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B。Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers。C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E。Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F。Withacodebook，youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords。G。Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.【答案】16.D17.E18。G19。F20。A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文.文章介绍了密码的重要性、密码的设置方式、密码本的作用。【16题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上句讲人们使用密码已经几千年了，下句讲密码破译工作。空白处和密码破译有关,D项内容符合语境,连接上下文.故选D。【17题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。后面的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母作为密码,E项符合此内容，故选E.【18题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力.根据下文的解释内容可知介绍了密码设置的又一种方法,G项符合此意，故选G.【19题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文的例子及上句中的acodebook可以判断该句是介绍密码本的使用，F项符合此意,承上启下。故选F.【20题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力.上文介绍密码本的重要作用，A项：没有密码本很难破译，总结上文。故选A.【点睛】关于七选五的做题步骤:1、通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落,尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路,有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题有重要意义。2、详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落.各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开,对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词,明确其描述内容,为整体试题的解决做好铺垫.阅读各个空的前后句,标记关键词，关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带有形容词的名词词组）、专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等。重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案.做题时可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。3、定位选项,明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语,根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中,填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容,以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义.将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。小题1中上句讲人们使用密码已经几千年了，下句讲密码破译工作.空白处和密码破译有关,D项内容符合语境，连接上下文.小题2中后面的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母作为密码,E项符合此内容.4、通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整,语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑,写作思路是否清晰明了,格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时,我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。5、确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.DavinaMcNaneyonFridaywillbeginajourneythatwillbringherhometoWayneCounty.Abreastcancer___21___，McNaney，42，willrun466milesfromMichigantoNewYorkinthenextfewweeksinan___22___toraisefundsandawarenessforbreastcancerresearch.“I’mjustaregularperson.”shesaid。“Ijustwanttodo___23___tohelpothersandsetastrong___24___formygirls。”Themother___25___twoandUniversityofRochestergraduatechoseto___26___.herownpersonalultra-marathontoshowothershowgratefulshewasto___27___herillness.McNaneyhas___28___morethan$10，000fortheBreastCancerResearchFoundation，nearly___29___herinitial$5，000goal。Duringthefirstweek,McNaneyplanstorun36mileseachday。Two13—miledayswillfollowsoshe___30___celebratehereldestdaughter'seighthbirthdayand___31___hernephew’shighschoolgraduation.OnJuly3,the___32___dayofherjourney,McNaneywillrun22milesacrossWayneCountytoSodusPoint,___33___herdaughtersandmorethanahundredfriendswillbe___34___。HerhusbandSteve,35，willserveasherpitcrew。Itwillbehis___35___tokeepMcNaneyfed，totrackherweightandaddressany___36___problemsthatarise。Attimes，McNaneysaidshewillrunwith___37___—friendsinMichigan，acousininOhioandloadsoffriendsandrelativesinthefinalfewmilesinNewYork.Companywillbenice,shesaid,notingthatshe'salsolookingforwardto___38___timewhenshecanrelax,runand“justletmy___39___wander.”“IhopeIcanencouragepeopletochallengethemselves，toknowthattheycanovercomeinthefaceoftrouble，”McNaneysaid.“I’msteppingoutofmycomfort___40___andputtingmyselfouttheretoreachmygoal。”21.A.expert B.survivor C。organizer D.participant22。A。effort B。offer C。order D。invitation23。A.anything B.nothing C。something D.everything24.A.figure B。standard C。request D。example25。A。of B。with C.for D.from26.A。join B。run C。design D。sponsor27.A。sufferfrom B.meetwith C。comethrough D.dealwith28。A.borrowed B。spent C.raised D.saved29.A.doubling B。gaining C。reaching D.1osing30.A.must B。should C。need D.can31。A.miss B。plan C。chair D.attend32。A.best B.final C.initial D。short33.A。when B。which C。where D。as34.A.waiting B。shouting C。dancing D.debating35。A。fault B.right C.job D。honour36.A。traffic B.medical C.poisonous D。hungry37.A.athletes B.champions C。folks D。others38.A。alone B.lonely C.amazing D。comfortable39。A.body B.tension C。dream D.mind40。A.room B。zone C.life D.cause【答案】21。B22。A23.C24。D25。A26.B27。C28.C29.A30.D31.D32。B33.C34。A35。C36。B37。D38.A39.D40。B【解析】这是一篇说明文。曾经身患癌症的麦卡妮在自己治愈后开始了超级马拉松之旅：她想为癌症研究筹集善款,并且唤醒人们对这种疾病的关注.【21题详解】考查名词辨析。A。expert专家；B.survivor幸存者;C。organizer组织者;D。participant参与者。句意：麦卡妮——一名乳腺癌的幸存者，为癌症研究筹集善款,并且唤醒人们对这种疾病地关注，在接下来的几周,她将跑466英里完成从密歇根州到纽约的马拉松.从下文howgratefulshewasto___7___herillness她多么地感激她的疾病治愈了.可知,B选项切题。【22题详解】考查名词辨析。A.effort努力；B。offer提议；C。order命令;D.invitation邀请。根据小题1的句意可知，inanefforttodosth努力做某事。故A选项切题。【23题详解】考查不定代词辨析。A。anything任何事情;B.nothing没有事情；C.something一些事情；D。everything所有事情。句意：我只是想做一些事情来帮助其他人，为我的女儿们树立坚强的榜样。根据句意,故C选项切题。【24题详解】考查名词辨析.A。figure数字；B.standard标准;C.request要求；D.example榜样，例子。句意:我只是想做一些事情来帮助其他人,为我的女儿们树立坚强的榜样.根据句意，故D选项切题。【25题详解】考查介词辨析.A。of的;B。with用;C。for为了;D。from来自。句意：两个孩子的母亲和罗彻斯特大学毕业生选择了用奔跑来完成她个人的马拉松。故A选项切题。【26题详解】考查动词辨析。A.join加入；B.run跑；C.design设计;D。sponsor赞助.句意：两个孩子的母亲和罗彻斯特大学毕业生选择用奔跑来完成她个人的马拉松。由句意和上文McNaney，42，willrun466milesfromMichigantoNewYork可知正确选项.故B选项切题。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析.A.sufferfrom遭受;B.meetwith遇见;C。comethrough（健康）恢复;D。dealwith处理。句意：她多么地感激她的疾病治愈了。由grateful可知，作者的疾病治愈了。故C选项切题。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。A。borrowed借；B。spent花费;C.raised筹集；D。saved节省。句意：麦克妮已经为乳腺癌研究基金会筹集了10000多美元.根据句意,C选项切题。【29题详解】考查动词辨析。A。doubling使加倍;B.gaining获得；C.reaching到达;D。1osing丢失。句意：将近是她最初5,000美元的二倍。由10000和5000可以看出它们之间的倍数关系。故A选项切题.【30题详解】考查情态动词辨析。A.must必须;B。should应该;C.need需要；D。can能。句意：接下来的两天里,她每天要跑13英里