安徽省黄山市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题【含答案解析】

黄山市2023—2024学年度第一学期期末质量检测高二英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答案应写在答题卷上，不能答在试题卷上。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A．Tomakeaninvitation．B．Togiveheradvice．C．Tocheckinformation．2．WhatdidthemandoonSaturday?A．Hetookadrumlesson．B．Heplayedchess．C．Hemadearobot．3．Wherearethespeakersprobably?A．Atthetrainstation．B．Attheairport．C．Atthebusstation．4．WhydoesHannahoftenplayballsports?A．Fortheexam．B．Forgoodhealth．C．Forpleasure．5．Whatdidthemanenjoymostlastnight?A．Thebread．B．Thecookies．C．Thepancakes．第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．Whatdoesthemandislikedoing?A．Sweepingthefloor．B．Washingtheclothes．C．Cleaningthewindows．7．Whatdoesthemanthinkofwashingthedishes?A．It’senjoyable．B．It’sboring．C．It’sdifficult．听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Howlongdoesthewomanwanttostayinthehotel?A．Fortwonights．B．Forthreenights．C．Forfournights．9．Howdoesthemansuggestgettingtothecitycenterfromtheairport?A．Bybus．B．Bytaxi．C．Bytrain．10．Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A．Bookaflight．B．Searchforahotel．C．Discusstransportation．听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11．WhatisSteffigoingtodoontheweekend?A．Tidyupherflat．B．Visithergrandpa．C．Organizeaparty．12．WherewillVictorgoontheweekend?A．Thegym．B．Theclub．C．Thestadium．13．WhyisDelbertgoingtothelibrary?A．Toreadsomestories．B．Tofinishtheproject．C．Toreturnabook．听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14．WheredidthemusicproducerfindJosh?A．AtJosh’sschool．B．Nearhisoffice．C．Inaconcerthall．15．HowdidJoshfeelaboutthesalesofhisfirstsong?A．Surprised．B．Happy．C．Sad．16．HowoftendoesJoshworkonhissongs?A．Everyday．B．Threetimesaweek．C．Twiceamonth．17．WhatdoesJoshlikedoinginhisfreetime?A．WatchingTV．B．Playingbasketball．C．Hangingoutwithfriends．听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18．WhatisLara’sfather?A．Anengineer．B．Apainter．C．Adesigner19．WhydidLaradecidetodrawforvideogames?A．Theirimageswereterrible．B．Herteacheradvisedher．C．Itwashighly-paid．20．WhatdidLarastudyatuniversity?A．IT．B．Art．C．Design．第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFourBestNaturalParksinAmericaEvergladesNationalPark,FloridaEvergladesNationalParkisthelargestsubtropical(亚热带)wildernessreserveinAmerica.Thisamazingdestinationisa1.5-million-acreoceanofgrasswhichflowsgraduallyfromcentralFloridaallthewaysouthtothesea.Thismakesit-animportanthabitatfornumerousrareandendangeredspecieslikemanatee,Americancrocodile,andFloridajaguar.GrandCanyonNationalPark,ArizonaGrandCanyonNationalParkishometooneofthelargestcanyonsintheworld.Ifyouvisitbetweenmid-Mayandmid-October,youcanseetheCanyonfromtheNorthRim.About90%ofallvisitorsseeitfromthe“SouthRim”,becauseitisopenallyearandhaseasy-to-get-tooverlooks.MammothCaveNationalPark,KentuckyThecaveshouse200animals,mostofthembeinginvertebrate(无脊椎)species.42ofthesespeciesliveintotaldarkness.ThesecavesareincredibleenoughtobefeaturedinPlanetEarth——amust-seeBBCdocumentaryseries.OlympicNationalPark,WashingtonOlympicNationalParkhasalittlebitofeverythingruggedPacificcoastline,highmountainpeaks,broadsandybeaches,clearlakes,rainforests.Withsuchawidevarietyofecosystems,OlympicisoneofthemostdiversewildernessareasintheUnitedStates.Theparkisanimportanthabitatforspecieslikewildsalmon(鲑鱼),northernspottedowls.OlympicNationalParkisverylargeandtherearenoroadsthatcrossthepark.IfyouvisitinAprilorMay,youmayseegraywhalespassbyontheirwaytoAlaska.1.WhatanimalsliveintheEvergladesNationalPark?A.Northernspottedowls. B.Invertebrateanimals.C.Graywhales. D.Americancrocodiles.2.WhichofthefollowingisfeaturedinPlanetEarth?A.GrandCanyonNationalPark. B.MammothCaveNationalPark.C.EvergladesNationalPark. D.OlympicNationalPark.3.WhatcanweknowaboutOlympicNationalPark?A.Itisopenallyear.B.Ithasarichbiodiversity.C.ItislocatedinthestateofKentucky.D.Ithaseasyroadsforvisitorstodriveacrossthepark.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国最好的四个自然公园。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据EvergladesNationalPark,Florida部分中“Thismakesit-animportanthabitatfornumerousrareandendangeredspecieslikemanatee,Americancrocodile,andFloridajaguar.(这使它成为许多稀有和濒危物种的重要栖息地，如海牛、美洲鳄鱼和佛罗里达美洲虎。)”可知，在EvergladesNationalPark可以看到美洲鳄鱼。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据MammothCaveNationalPark,Kentucky部分中“ThesecavesareincredibleenoughtobefeaturedinPlanetEarth——amust-seeBBCdocumentaryseries.(这些洞穴令人难以置信，足以成为BBC必看纪录片《地球脉动》的特色。)”可知，MammothCaveNationalPark中的洞穴是一个令人难以置信的地方，被BBC的纪录片《地球脉动》所专题报道。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据OlympicNationalPark,Washington部分中“Withsuchawidevarietyofecosystems,OlympicisoneofthemostdiversewildernessareasintheUnitedStates.

(拥有如此多样的生态系统，奥林匹克是美国最多样化的荒野地区之一。)”可知，OlympicNationalPark拥有多种生态系统，是美国最多样化的荒野地区之一，具有丰富的生物多样性。故选B。BAsIlookupatthehundredsoffireworksinthesky,IhearthebellsringinginasmalltemplewelcomingthecomingoftheChineseNewYear.ThoughImaynotbelieveinorunderstandmanyoftheNewYeartraditionshere,thesimilaritiesbetweenthecomingofthisNewYearandthebeginningofmynewlifeinChinaarenotlostonabigboylikeme.MyfirstfewdaysinChinawereaculturalshocktosaytheleast.Havingarrivedlateinthesemester,Iimmediatelyhadtobeginmybeginners’Chineseclasses,alongwiththenewestclassofoverseasstudents.Beingsurroundedbyalanguagethatisn’tyourownisunbelievablyannoying.Duetothepicture-basedfashionofChinesewriting,it’snotlikeyoucanhaveaguess,orworkitoutthroughwhateverknowledgeyouhavefromotherLatin-originatedlanguages.Ifyoudon’tknowwhatitsays,thenthat’sit.However,withtimepassing,Ihavefoundmyselfprogressing,thoughpainfullyslowly.ThefirsttimeIcalledataxibymyself,thedriveractuallyunderstoodwhereIwantedtogo,whichishugelyrewarding.Stillitisneverlongbeforemylackoflanguageskillisexposed(暴露)andIcomecrashingbacktoearth,usuallyimmediatelyuponleavingthetaxi.Gainingalanguageisahugevaluableskill.However,itisnottheonlythingIwillgaininChina.AfterthisyearoflearningChinese,Iaimtogainmymaster’sdegreehereatUniversityofJinan.Opportunitiesdocomearoundratheroften:frombeingofferedjobsteachingEnglish,tobeingaskedtoappearongame-showsforShandongTV.So,fornow,Iamjustlookingforwardtoexpandingmyculturalhorizons(眼界)andenjoyingmytimehere.Itakesometimetogetusedtoeverything,butthat’spartoftheadventureand,mostofall,employment.So,muchliketheChineseNewYearthatIamluckyenoughtobepartof,IamjustlookingforwardtoafreshstartandanewjourneyinChina.4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.HehasnointerestinChinesetraditions.B.HeknowsnothingabouttheLatinlanguage.C.Hislatearrivalmadehimmissbeginners’Chineseclasses.D.TheuniquewayofChinesewritingmadehimhardtounderstandChinese.5.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowthroughhistaxiexperience?A.Heispooratusingpublictransport. B.HefindsiteasytocallataxiinChina.C.HefeelspleasedtohavemadeprogressinChinese. D.Heisgoodatchattingwiththetaxidriver.6.Whatistheauthor’spresentexpectation?A.TosettledowninChina. B.TobecomeafamoushostonTV.C.Tobroadenhisculturalhorizons. D.Tobeanexcellentteachingassistant.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ExploringChinese:valuableskillsmastered B.LearningChinese;adventurousbutenjoyableC.ComingtoChina:moreopportunitiespromised D.StudyinginChina:challengingbutrewarding【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者来到中国后通过自己的努力在中文和其他方面取得的进步。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Duetothepicture-basedfashionofChinesewriting,it’snotlikeyoucanhaveaguess,orworkitoutthroughwhateverknowledgeyouhavefromotherLatin-originatedlanguages.(由于中文书写以图像为基础，你无法猜测，或者通过你从其他拉丁语言中获得的知识来解决问题)”可知，中文独特的书写方式使他很难理解中文。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“However,withtimepassing,Ihavefoundmyselfprogressing,thoughpainfullyslowly.ThefirsttimeIcalledataxibymyself,thedriveractuallyunderstoodwhereIwantedtogo,whichishugelyrewarding.(然而，随着时间的流逝，我发现自己在进步，虽然缓慢得令人痛苦。我第一次自己叫出租车的时候，司机真的明白我要去哪里，这是非常值得的)”可推知，作者通过打出租车的经历表明他很高兴自己的中文取得了进步。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“So,fornow,Iamjustlookingforwardtoexpandingmyculturalhorizons(眼界)andenjoyingmytimehere.(所以，现在，我只是期待着扩大我的文化视野，享受我在这里的时光)”可推知，作者现在的期望是拓宽他的文化视野。故选C。7题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者来到中国后通过自己的努力在中文和其他方面取得的进步，结合文章最后一段的“Gainingalanguageisahugevaluableskill.However,itisnottheonlythingIwillgaininChina.AfterthisyearoflearningChinese,Iaimtogainmymaster’sdegreehereatUniversityofJinan.(学习一门语言是一项非常有价值的技能。然而，这并不是我在中国能得到的唯一东西。经过这一年的中文学习，我的目标是在济南大学获得硕士学位)”和“Itakesometimetogetusedtoeverything,butthat’spartoftheadventureand,mostofall,employment.(我需要一些时间来适应一切，但这是冒险的一部分，最重要的是就业)”可知，D项“在中国学习：很辛苦，但也很有收获”可以作为文章的最佳标题。故选D。CAccordingtoarecentstudy,consumingthreelargelycomparablemealseachdaytomeetourenergydemandsmaybethemosteffectivemethodtopreventcognitive(认知的)deterioration.Thestudyfindsalinkbetweenskippingbreakfastandagradualfailureincognitivehealth.Thestudyalsorevealsthateatingmorecaloriesatonemealthananotherisnotlinkedtoaquickfailureincognitivefunction,butitdoesnotimprovecognitionasmuchaseatingbalancedthreemealsdaily.Withpreviousstudyfocusingonhowthequalityofthefoodweconsumecanaffectourhealth,therehasn’tbeenmuchresearchonhowourdailyenergyintakeisdistributedandhowitcanaffectourcognitivehealthoverthelongterm,aswellasifitmightaffectourriskofdementia(痴呆).Arecentstudy,inwhichthedatafromthe1997—2006ChinaHealthandNutritionSurveywereanalyzed,examinesthepossibleimpactofvariousmealschedulesoncognitivedeclineinordertobetterunderstandthis.Thepoll(民意调查)collectedsubmissionsfrom3,342personsinChinaduringaten-yearperiod,andtheirresponseswereincludedinthestatistics.Theaverageagewas62.2,andpeoplewereatleast55yearsold.Thestudydidnotincludethosewhohadseverecognitivedeterioration.Eachparticipantunderwentadietaryevaluationaswellasaphone-basedcognitiveexamatthebeginningofthestudyperiod.Thistestevaluatedeachperson’sabilitytorecallwordsquicklyandslowly,countbackward,andsubtract(减)quicklyfromgivennumbers.Thefindingsdemonstratethat,incomparisontoeitherlessbalancedwaysofabsorbingone’stotalcaloricintakeorlessequallydistributedwaysofingestingone’stotalenergyintake,eatingthreebalancedmealseachdayisrelatedwithsuperiorcognitivefunction.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deterioration”meaninparagraph1?A.Increase.B.Decline.C.Exchange.D.Spread.9.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweentherecentstudyandthepreviousone?A.Thecontents.B.Themethod.C.Theparticipants.D.Theprocess.10.Howdidtheresearchersdotherecentstudy?A.Bydoingexperiments.B.Byanalyzingpreviousdata.C.Byinterviewingseniorpeople.D.Byexaminingpeoplewithcognitivedisease.11.Whichofthefollowingmaycontributetobestcognition?A.Skippingbreakfasteveryday.B.Threebalancedmealsperday.C.Hunger-determinedfoodtimeandamount.D.Abiglunchwithasmallbreakfastanddinner.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一项研究表明优秀的认知功能与三餐均衡饮食有关。【8题详解】词句猜测题。由后句“Thestudyfindsalinkbetweenskippingbreakfastandagradualfailureincognitivehealth.”（此研究发现了不吃早餐与认知健康问题之间存在关联）可知，该词与failure“失灵、失败”意义相似，decline“减少、衰退”符合语义。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由文第二段“Withpreviousstudyfocusingonhowthequalityofthefoodweconsumecanaffectourhealth,therehasn’tbeenmuchresearchonhowourdailyenergyintakeisdistributedandhowitcanaffectourcognitivehealthoverthelongterm,aswellasifitmightaffectourriskofdementia(痴呆).”（以前的研究专注于我们所摄入的食物的品质是如何影响我们的健康的，对于我们日常摄入的能量的分配、长期来说对于认知健康以及是否会影响患痴呆的风险的研究不多）可知，研究的区别主要在于研究的内容不同。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。由文第三段“Arecentstudy,inwhichthedatafromthe1997-2006ChinaHealthandNutritionSurveywereanalyzed,examinesthepossibleimpactofvariousmealschedulesoncognitivedeclineinordertobetterunderstandthis.”（通过分析从中国健康与营养调查获得的1997年至2006年的数据，为了更好地理解这种关系，最近的一项调查审视了各种饮食习惯对于认知衰退的可能的影响）可知，这项调查主要是通过分析数据进行。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。由文最后一段“Thefindingsdemonstratethat,incomparisontoeitherlessbalancedwaysofabsorbingone’stotalcaloricintakeorlessequallydistributedwaysofingestingone’stotalenergyintake,eatingthreebalancedmealseachdayisrelatedwithsuperiorcognitivefunction.”（研究表明，比起要么不那么均衡地吸收总体的卡路里摄入，要么不平等地分配总的能量摄入，优秀的认知功能与三餐均衡饮食有关）可推知，最好的认知功能是由三餐均衡饮食促成的。故选B项。DInalabinLondon,newbornchickstookthefirststepsoftheirlifeandmightbecomepartofsolvingoneofthebrain’sbigpuzzles.ElisabettaVersace,theleadauthorofthenewstudyandheadofthePreparedMindsLabatQueenMary,andherco-workerspublishedtheirfindingsonTuesdayinBiologyLetters.Inasimpletest,researchersplacedthedownyanimals,hatchedafterlessthanadayincompletedarkness,oneatatimeintoaspecialbox.Twoscreensontheoppositesidesoftheboxplayedvideosofmovingorangeballs,onemovingupwardandtheotherdownward.Overthecourseof20minutes,mostofthechickshesitantlywalkedovertotheendoftheboxwiththeupward-movingball.Biologistscallthemechanisms(生物机制)thatassistanimalsintheirearliestmoments“evolutionarypredispositions(进化倾向)”or“priors”.“Studyinghowpredispositionsworkinhumansisdifficult,”saysElisaRaffallaFerre,co-authorofthenewstudy,asbabiestaketimetodevelopcomplexskills.Bythetimehumanbabiescaneasilymove,theyhavealreadyspentsignificanttimelearning.Chicks,however,canperformrelativelycomplexactionsverysoonafterhatching,whichmakesthemidealcandidatesforexploringhowpredispositionsfunction.Whythispreferenceforobjectsthatmoveagainstgravityexistsatallremainsunclear.“Goingagainstgravityinaconsistentwayisassociatedwithanimateobjectsintheecologicalworld,”Versacesays,“becauseusuallyyouseethatwaterflowsdownorarockfallsdown.”Lifelessobjects,ontheotherhand,areunlikelytomoveconsistentlyagainstgravity.Thenewlyreleasedarticleisconsistentwithpreviousresearch,accordingtoOrsolaRosaSalva,acomparativepsychologistattheUniversityofTrento.WhatSalvawantstoseenextinthisfieldareexperimentsthatbegintoidentifywhatareasofthebrainareactivewhenpredispositionsarelaunched,soscientistscanbetterunderstandhowthemechanismswork.Versacehopesthatfutureresearchcanofferinsightsintothewaythebrainisorganizedtomakesenseoftheworld.12.Whatdidthetestfindoutaboutnewbornchicks?A.Theylikedbrightcolors. B.Theyhadapoorsenseofdirection.C.Theypreferredrisingobjects. D.Theypickedupfirststepswithdifficulty.13.Whyarenewbornchicksbettersubjectsforthetestthanhumanbabies?A.Theirmechanismsaremorecomplex.B.Theywerealreadystudiedmoreinthepast.C.Theirevolutionarypredispositionsworkmoreeffectively.D.Theycanexhibitcomplexbehaviorssoonafterbirth.14.WhatdoesVersacesayaboutgoingagainstgravity?A.Itiscommonamongspeciesinnature. B.Itisanaturalbehavioroflivinganimals.C.Itcontributestothesurvivalofanimals. D.Ithelpsnewbornanimalstolearnquickly.15.WhatdoesSalvaexpectoffutureexperiments?A.They’llbecarriedoutinthewild. B.They’llofferdetailedworkingsofthebrain.C.They’llcomparethebrainsofdifferentspecies. D.They’llapplytoscientificresearchinrelatedfields.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在伦敦的一个实验室里，新生的小鸡迈出了生命的第一步，它们可能会成为解决大脑一大难题的一部分。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及这一实验的意义。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Inasimpletest,researchersplacedthedownyanimals,hatchedafterlessthanadayincompletedarkness,oneatatimeintoaspecialbox.Twoscreensontheoppositesidesoftheboxplayedvideosofmovingorangeballs,onemovingupwardandtheotherdownward.Overthecourseof20minutes,mostofthechickshesitantlywalkedovertotheendoftheboxwiththeupward-movingball.(在一个简单的测试中，研究人员将这些在完全黑暗中孵化不到一天的毛茸茸的动物，一次一只地放入一个特殊的盒子里。盒子两侧的两个屏幕分别播放橙色小球移动的视频，一个向上移动，另一个向下移动。在20分钟的时间里，大多数小鸡都犹豫不决地走到有向上移动的球的盒子一端)”可知，关于新生的小鸡，测试发现它们更喜欢上升的物体。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Chicks,however,canperformrelativelycomplexactionsverysoonafterhatching,whichmakesthemidealcandidatesforexploringhowpredispositionsfunction.(然而，小鸡在孵化后很快就能做出相对复杂的动作，这使它们成为探索倾向如何发挥作用的理想候选者)”可知，新生的小鸡比人类婴儿更适合测试因为它们出生后不久就能表现出复杂的行为。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Goingagainstgravityinaconsistentwayisassociatedwithanimateobjectsintheecologicalworld,”Versacesays,“becauseusuallyyouseethatwaterflowsdownorarockfallsdown.”(“在生态世界中，以一致的方式对抗重力与有生命的物体有关，”范思哲说，“因为通常你会看到水往下流，或者石头往下掉。”)”可知，范思哲认为反重力在自然界的物种中很常见。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“WhatSalvawantstoseenextinthisfieldareexperimentsthatbegintoidentifywhatareasofthebrainareactivewhenpredispositionsarelaunched,soscientistscanbetterunderstandhowthemechanismswork.(萨尔瓦希望在这一领域看到的下一个实验是，开始确定当倾向被启动时，大脑的哪些区域是活跃的，这样科学家就可以更好地理解机制是如何工作的)”可知，萨尔瓦期望未来的实验会提供大脑的详细工作原理。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Culturaltraditionsshapewhoyouare.Learnmoreaboutyourtraditionsandhowyoucanpreservethembymeansofthefollowings.Shareyourcultureart.Eachcultureiscarriedbydifferentformsofart.Museumsoftenhouseitemslikeclothing,musicinstruments,andvisualartworks.However,beyondtheseexhibits,thereexisttoolscraftedbyancestors,whichpresentthetraditionsthroughgenerations’wisdom.____16____Attendororganizemajorevents.Yourcountry,religiousorganizations,orimmigrantethnicgroupsalmostcertainlycelebratemajorholidaysorculturalfestivals.____17____Iftherearen’tanyofthoseinyourarea,youcanarrangeyourownevents.Cookfamilyrecipes.Findsomerecipesfromyourgrandmother’scookbook.____18____Asyoukneaddough(揉面)orfollowtherightamountofspices,youmightremembermealsfromyourchildhoodorholidays.Cookingyourfamilyrecipescanhelpyouinheritthefamilytraditionandmakeitpossiblypasseddown.Promoteyourdialects(方言).Languageshapesculturetosomedegree.Therefore,promotingadialectcontributestotheprotectionofacertainculture.____19____Soifyouknowoneofthem,helptospreadit.Withmoreandmorepeoplespeaking,thesedialectscouldbesuccessfullypreservedbeforetheygoextinct.Spendtimewithothermembersofthecommunity.Thebestwaytopreserveyourcultureistokeepitalive.____20____Manyaspectsofculturearedifficulttolearninbooksandmuseums,includingbodylanguage,andhumor.Butyoucangettothecore(核心)oftheculturalexperiencethroughdailycommunication.A.Participatetogetabroaderviewofyourculture.B.Culturehelpspeopleadapttotheworldaroundthem.CSmellandtastehavepowerfulconnectionstomemory.D.Recordyourfamilytreewiththehelpoffamilymembers.E.Unfortunately,thousandsofdialectsareatriskofextinction.F.Gatherasagroupnotjustforholidays,butforordinarymealsorjustconversation.G.Theskillsinvolvedinshapingastonetoolrepresentoneoftheearliestculturalpractices.【答案】16.G17.A18.C19.E20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了保护传统文化的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Eachcultureiscarriedbydifferentformsofart.Museumsoftenhouseitemslikeclothing,musicinstruments,andvisualartworks.However,beyondtheseexhibits,thereexisttoolscraftedbyancestors,whichpresentthetraditionsthroughgenerations’wisdom.(每种文化都由不同的艺术形式承载。博物馆通常收藏服装、乐器和视觉艺术品等物品。然而，在这些展品之外，还有祖先制作的工具，这些工具通过几代人的智慧展示了传统)”可知，本句承接上文，说明祖先制作工作的智慧的具体体现。故G选项“塑造石器的技巧代表了最早的文化实践之一”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Yourcountry,religiousorganizations,orimmigrantethnicgroupsalmostcertainlycelebratemajorholidaysorculturalfestivals.(你的国家、宗教组织或移民族群几乎肯定会庆祝重大节日或文化节)”可知，上文提到了庆祝重大节日或文化节，故本句承接上文，建议参加这些节日来了解文化。故A选项“参与进来，对你的文化有更广泛的了解”符合语境，故选A。【18题详解】根据上文“Findsomerecipesfromyourgrandmother’scookbook.(从你祖母的食谱中找一些食谱)”以及后文“Asyoukneaddough(揉面)orfollowtherightamountofspices,youmightremembermealsfromyourchildhoodorholidays.Cookingyourfamilyrecipescanhelpyouinheritthefamilytraditionandmakeitpossiblypasseddown.(当你揉面团或按照正确的香料量，你可能会想起童年或假期的饭菜。烹饪你的家庭食谱可以帮助你继承家庭传统，并使它有可能传承下去)”可知，上文提到了找食谱，可推测本句主要说明从嗅觉和味觉中了解家庭传统，故C选项“嗅觉和味觉与记忆有很强的联系”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】根据后文“Soifyouknowoneofthem,helptospreadit.Withmoreandmorepeoplespeaking,thesedialectscouldbesuccessfullypreservedbeforetheygoextinct.(所以如果你知道其中一个，帮助传播它。随着越来越多的人说方言，这些方言可以在灭绝之前被成功地保存下来)”可知，后文提到了要帮助传播方言，说明方言正面临灭绝的危险。故E选项“不幸的是，成千上万的方言正面临灭绝的危险”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】根据上文“Thebestwaytopreserveyourcultureistokeepitalive.(保护你的文化的最好方法就是让它活下去)”以及后文“Manyaspectsofculturearedifficulttolearninbooksandmuseums,includingbodylanguage,andhumor.Butyoucangettothecore(核心)oftheculturalexperiencethroughdailycommunication.(文化的许多方面是很难在书本和博物馆里学到的，包括肢体语言和幽默。但是，通过日常交流，你可以找到文化体验的核心)”可知，本段的建议是通过与人接触来保护文化，且提到了日常交流，即和人聊天。故F选项“一群人聚在一起不只是为了度假，还可以一起吃饭或聊天”符合语境，故选F。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Inthesummerof2015,BrianPetersonandhiswife,Vanessa,hadjustmovedtoSantaAna,California.Oneday,PetersonwasreadingthebookLoveDoes,whenhisquietwas____21____byahomelessman.Encouragedbythebook’ssympatheticmessage,Petersonmadeanconversationwithhim,and____22____thatthemancalledMerdahadmovedhereto____23____acareerinmusic,butheendeduplivingonthestreetforyears.“Itwasthe____24____thingtome,”PetersonrecalledlateronthepodcastTopArtist.“Isawthe____25____onthefaceofamanwhohadn’t____26____orshoweredinprobablyayear.Buthisstory,thelifeinsideofhim,____27____me.”AndeventhoughPeterson,agraduateoftheClevelandInstituteofArt,hadn’t____28____apaintbrushinabout8years,he____29____himselfaskingifhecouldpaintMerda’sportrait．PetersonpaintedMerda’sportraits,____30____histraitsandlifeexperiences．____31____,thepaintingwassoldforafewthousanddollars,andthemoneywasputintoa“loveaccount”byPetersonforhismodel.Merdausedthefundsfromhisportraitto____32____analbum,fulfillinghismusicaldreams.Peterson’s____33____withMerdaledhimtoformFacesofSantaAna,anonprofitorganizationfocusedonbefriendingandpaintingportraitsofmembersofthecommunitywhoare____34____.Uptillnow,with41portraitspaintedandsold,Pertersonhashelpedmanypeoplegetbackontheirfeet,andestablishedthefriendshipwithsomeonepeoplemighthave____35____.21.A.overthrown B.disturbed C.attracted D.tricked22.A.learnt B.thought C.proved D.achieved23.A.exchange B.receive C.pursue D.grab24.A.strangest B.best C.saddest D.brightest25.A.ugliness B.guilty C.pride D.beauty26.A.spoken B.smiled C.shaved D.slept27.A.defeated B.discouraged C.shocked D.inspired28.A.pickedout B.pickedup C.heldup D.heldout29.A.found B.saw C.stopped D.required30.A.ratherthan B.accordingto C.apartfrom D.alongwith31.A.Hurriedly B.Practically C.Hopelessly D.Fortunately32.A.order B.record C.play D.write33.A.struggle B.argument C.connection D.appointment34.A.unhoused B.uncovered C.uneducated D.unsettled35.A.valued B.overlooked C.recognized D.respected【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.D26.C27.D28.A29.A30.B31.D32.B33.C34.A35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。彼得森在一次和一名名叫梅尔达的流浪汉的交流中受到启发，决定成立了一个名为“FacesofSantaAna”的非营利组织，专注于为无家可归者绘画和出售肖像，并资助他们，这一举动也帮助梅尔达完成了自己的音乐梦想。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，彼得森正在读LoveDoes这本书，这时他的安静被一个流浪汉打扰了。A.overthrown推翻；B.disturbed打扰；C.attracted吸引；D.tricked欺骗。根据前文“whenhisquiet”及后文“byahomelessman”可知，此处指一个流浪汉打扰了他的安静。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在书中充满同情的信息的鼓舞下，彼得森和他进行了一次交谈，并了解到这个名叫梅尔达的人搬到这里是为了追求音乐事业，但他最终在街上生活了多年。A.learnt了解；B.thought认为；C.proved证明；D.achieved实现。根据后文“thatthemancalledMerdahadmovedhereto”可知，彼得森经过交谈，了解了流浪汉的一些情况。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在书中充满同情的信息的鼓舞下，彼得森和他进行了一次交谈，并了解到这个名叫梅尔达的人搬到这里是为了追求音乐事业，但他最终在街上生活了多年。A.exchange交换；B.receive收到；C.pursue追求；D.grab抓住。根据后文“acareerinmusic”可知，流浪汉搬到这里是为了追求音乐事业，故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这对我来说是最奇怪的事情，”彼得森后来在播客《顶级艺术家》上回忆道。A.strangest最奇怪的；B.best最好的；C.saddest最悲伤的；D.brightest最亮的。根据后文可知，他在一个流浪汉的脸上看到了“美丽”，这是最奇怪的事情。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到了一个大概一年没刮脸、没洗澡的男人脸上的‘美丽’。A.ugliness丑陋；B.guilty内疚；C.pride骄傲；D.beauty美丽。上文提到了彼得森发现了最奇怪的事情，结合后文对方给了他鼓励，可推测他看到了对方脸上的美丽，故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到了一个大概一年没刮脸、没洗澡的男人脸上的‘美丽’。A.spoken说；B.smiled微笑；C.shaved剃须；D.slept睡觉。根据后文“orshoweredinprobablyayear”指这是一个大概一年没刮脸、没洗澡的男人，因为他是流浪汉，不修边幅。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他的故事，他内心的生活，激励了我。A.defeated打败；B.discouraged使沮丧；C.shocked使震惊；D.inspired激励。根据上文“Buthisstory,thelifeinsideofhim”中but表示转折，说明对方激励了彼得森，故选D。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管毕业于克利夫兰艺术学院的彼得森已经有8年没有拿起画笔了，但他发现自己在问自己是否能画出梅尔达的肖像。A.pickedout拿起；B.pickedup捡起；C.heldup耽搁；D.heldout坚持。根据后文“apaintbrushinabout8years”可知，此处指毕业于艺术学院的彼得森已经有8年没有拿起画笔了，故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管毕业于克利夫兰艺术学院的彼得森已经有8年没有拿起画笔了，但他发现自己在问自己是否能画出梅尔达的肖像。A.found发现；B.saw看见；C.stopped停止；D.required要求。根据后文“himselfaskingifhecouldpaintMerda’sportrait”可知，尽管毕业于克利夫兰艺术学院的彼得森已经有8年没有拿起画笔了，但他发现自己在问自己是否能画出Merda的肖像。故选A。【30题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：彼得森根据他的性格和生活经历为梅尔达画肖像。A.ratherthan而不是；B.accordingto根据；C.apartfrom除了；D.alongwith一起。根据后文“histraitsandlifeexperiences”可知，为梅尔达画肖像主要是根据他的性格和生活经历。故选B。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，这幅画以几千美元的价格售出，这笔钱被彼得森存入了他的模特的“爱心账户”。A.Hurriedly急忙；B.Practically几乎；C.Hopelessly绝望地；D.Fortunately幸运地。根据后文“thepaintingwassoldforafewthousanddollars”可知，肖像画卖出了几千美元，是幸运的事情。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅尔达用他画像的钱录制了一张专辑，实现了他的音乐梦想。A.order命令；B.record录制；C.play玩耍；D.write写。根据后文“analbum,fulfillinghis