江苏省常州市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末监测英语试卷 Word版含解析

常州市教育学会学业水平监测高三英语试题2024年1月注意：本试卷分四个部分,答案全部做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力(满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whyisn’tthewomanplanningtoattendtheparty?A.Sheisfeelingtirednow.B.Shehastoomuchworktodo.C.Shehasplansfortomorrowmorning.2.Whatkindofexamisthemanpreparingfor?A.Awritingexam.B.Alisteningexam.C.Aspeakingexam.3.Whatplacedidthewomangetinthemostrecentcompetition?A.First.B.Second.C.Third.4.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atatheater.B.Atamusicshop.C.Ataschool.5.Whichplacewillthetourendat?A.WestminsterBridge.B.TowerBridge.C.SouthBankCenter.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdoesthemanmainlywantforhiscurrentjob?A.Apayraise.B.Freemeals.C.Moregifts.7.Whatwasthewomanplanningtohaveforlunchatfirst?A.Pizza.B.Dumplings.C.Sandwiches.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Preparingforparties.B.Planningacelebration.C.Organizingworkschedules.9.WhatwillthewomandoonSaturdaynight?A.Workattherestaurant.B.Attendastudygroup.C.Gotoaconcert.10.Whatistheman’sjob?A.Arestaurantowner.B.Acollegeprofessor.C.Amusician.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatisthenameoftheplacethemanworksatnow?A.TheRoyal.B.TheSt.James.C.TheCriterion.12.Howdoesthewomansoundabouttheman?A.Satisfied.B.Unsure.C.Confident.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Parentandchild.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Howdidthewomanfeelaboutthemanbeinglate?A.Understanding.B.Surprised.C.Unhappy.15.Howdoesthemanusuallygettoschool?!A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.16.Whendidthemanarrive?A.At9:00a.m.B.At9:10a.m.C.At10:00a.m.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.WhatnationalityisDominique?A.French.B.Chinese.C.Canadian.18.WhatdoesthespeakerlikebestaboutwritingtoDominique?A.Buildingafriendship.B.Learningaboutothercultures.C.Improvingherlanguageskills.19.HowdoesthespeakerusuallycommunicatewithDominique?A.Byletter.B.Throughemail.C.Onthephone.20.WhatisthelatesttopicbetweenthespeakerandDominique?A.Traditionalfestivals.B.Exchangetrips.C.Speakingskills.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A1.WhereisSNCFmostprobablylocated?A.InAmsterdam. B.InBrussels. C.InLondon. D.InParis.2.Whatisthebiggestsellingpointoftheserviceaccordingtothisadvertisement?A.Internationalsupport. B.Lowprice.C.Flexibletimetable. D.Convenientapp.3.IfaBritishmanwantstovisittheLouvreandthengoesbackhome,hewill_____.A.pay39EurosforthetrainticketsB.pay58EurosforthetrainticketsC.stayonthetrainforaround270minutesD.stayonthetrainfor2hoursand15minutesorso【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了法国国营铁路公司在春假期间的旅行优惠信息。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据小标题DiscovertheSNCFConnectAPP下的“Inafewclicks,youcanplan,bookandmanageyourtrainjourneyinFranceandEurope.(只需点击几下，你就可以计划、预订和管理你在法国和欧洲的火车旅行)”可推知，SNCF最有可能在法国。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Crosstheborders下的“QuicklybookyourjourneysfromMarchtoJuly2024atthebestprice!(以最优惠的价格快速预订2024年3月至7月的旅程！)”可知，路程时间是从3月至7月的，所以该广告最大的卖点就是灵活的时间，故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题London下的“Just2h15minsfromParisbytrain,discovertheexcitementofLondon:avibrantcityblendingiconiclandmarks,picturesqueneighborhoods,andanunparalleledculturallife.(从巴黎乘火车只需2小时15分钟，探索伦敦的精彩：一座充满活力的城市，融合了标志性地标、风景如画的街区和无与伦比的文化生活)”可知如果一个英国人想参观卢浮宫然后回家，他一共要花费4小时30分钟时间，即270分钟时间在火车上。故选C项。BThesunmao(榫卯)methodofjoinerywascommonlyusedinancientChinesearchitectureandfurniture.Butwhenmoderntechnologydiscouragesmanyinmasteringthisancientskill,JiaJing,ajuniorstudentatHubeiEcologyPolytechnicCollege,offershisanswer.“Itisessentialtotrainyoungpeopleinthiscraft,”saidthe20-year-old.“Notonlydoesitensurethepreservationofcarpentry(木工)skills,butthereexistdelicatewoodenartifactsfromancienttimesthatmachinesstillcannotrepeat.”Growingupinafamilywithacarpenterfather,Jiawouldconstantlyobservehisfatherdoingwoodworkandsometimesassisthim.Thisearlyexposureignited(点燃)hispassionandtalentforcarpentry.Butasachild,hecouldn’tbuildfurnitureonhisown.So,heconveyedthispassionintobuildingwithLegobricksattheageof8.“Atthattime,IwouldthinkbeforegoingtobedaboutwhatIwouldbuildtomorrow,”Jiarecalled.“Ibrainstormedaframeworkinmymind,andthenextdayIwouldstartbuildingit.”ThishobbysignificantlybenefitedJia’sfuturefurniture-makingskills.Beforemakinganypiece,Jiacanquicklysketchadraftinhismind,whichprovesusefulduringthecarvingprocess.WhenthemomentarrivedforJiatoheadtocollege,hechoseinteriordesignatthesuggestionofhisfather.Beyondhistheoreticalstudies,Jiaalsosignedupforschoolfurniture-makingtrainingcenter.Sawing,planning,andcarvingwoodrepeatedlyeverydaycanbeanextremelydulljobformostyoungpeople.Whileotherstudentswereenjoyingtheircollegelife,Jiahadalreadylearnedtobearlonelinessandfocusonachievingexcellence.“Thisexperiencenotonlyimprovedmyskillsbutalsotestedmycharacter,”Jiasaid.Recently,Jia’scommitmenttothiscraftachievedasignificantmilestone.HewaschosenasoneofthecandidatestocompeteonbehalfofChinaatthe47thWorldSkillsCompetitioninLyon,Francenextyear.“IfIcanrepresentChinaontheglobalstage,Iwillexertallmyeffortstobecomethewinner,”Jiasaid.4.WhyshouldyoungpeoplelearnthesunmaomethodaccordingtoJiajing?A.ItiskeytomakingChinesefurniture. B.Itisbetterthanmoderntechnology.C.ItexhibitstraditionalChineseculture. D.Itexhibitsancientcarpentrywisdom.5HowdidLegobenefitJiaJing?A.Arousinghisinterestincarpentry. B.Assistinghisfatherinfurnituremaking.C.Improvinghiscarpentryskills. D.Preparinghimforhisidealuniversity.6.WhatdidJiasacrificeduringhiscollegetime?A.Hisleisuretime. B.Hispracticalskills.C.Histheoreticalstudies. D.Hisoriginalcharacter.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthistext?A.Makingfurnitureagainsttechnology. B.PreservingcarpentryinsideLego.C.Carvingdreamsinwood. D.Continuingpassiononglobalstage.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是篇新闻报道。本文介绍了大学生贾静对木工技艺的热爱和执着追求，以及他参加世界技能大赛的经历和目标。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段““Itisessentialtotrainyoungpeopleinthiscraft,”saidthe20-year-old.“Notonlydoesitensurethepreservationofcarpentry(木工)skills,butthereexistdelicatewoodenartifactsfromancienttimesthatmachinesstillcannotrepeat.”(这位20岁的年轻人说：“对年轻人进行这方面的培训很重要。”“它不仅确保了木工技能的保存，而且还保留了机器无法复制的古代精美木制工艺品。”)”可知，贾静认为它展示了古老的木工智慧，所以年轻人应学习榫卯结构。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Butasachild,hecouldn’tbuildfurnitureonhisown.So,heconveyedthispassionintobuildingwithLegobricksattheageof8.(但作为一个孩子，他不会自己做家具。所以，他在8岁的时候就把这种激情用乐高积木表达出来)”以及第四段““Atthattime,IwouldthinkbeforegoingtobedaboutwhatIwouldbuildtomorrow,”Jiarecalled.“Ibrainstormedaframeworkinmymind,andthenextdayIwouldstartbuildingit.”(“那个时候，我会在睡觉前想明天要做什么，”贾回忆说。“我在脑海中集思广益地想出了一个框架，第二天就开始构建它。”)”和第五段“ThishobbysignificantlybenefitedJia’sfuturefurniture-makingskills.(这个爱好对他日后的家具制作技能有很大的帮助)”可知，搭建乐高提高他的木工技术。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“WhenthemomentarrivedforJiatoheadtocollege,hechoseinteriordesignatthesuggestionofhisfather.Beyondhistheoreticalstudies,Jiaalsosignedupforschoolfurniture-makingtrainingcenter.Sawing,planning,andcarvingwoodrepeatedlyeverydaycanbeanextremelydulljobformostyoungpeople.Whileotherstudentswereenjoyingtheircollegelife,Jiahadalreadylearnedtobearlonelinessandfocusonachievingexcellence.(当贾要上大学的时候，他在父亲的建议下选择了室内设计。除了理论学习，他还报名参加了学校的家具制作培训中心。对大多数年轻人来说，每天反复锯、刨、雕木头是一项极其枯燥的工作。当其他学生还在享受大学生活时，贾已经学会了忍受孤独，专注于追求卓越)”可知，贾静每天反复锯、刨、雕木头，在其他学生还在享受大学生活时，贾已经学会了忍受孤独，专注于追求卓越，推知他牺牲了他的闲暇时间。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Growingupinafamilywithacarpenterfather,Jiawouldconstantlyobservehisfatherdoingwoodworkandsometimesassisthim.Thisearlyexposureignited(点燃)hispassionandtalentforcarpentry.(贾在一个木匠父亲的家庭长大，他经常观察父亲做木工，有时还会帮助他。这种早期的接触点燃了他对木工的热情和天赋)”以及倒数第二段“Recently,Jia’scommitmenttothiscraftachievedasignificantmilestone.HewaschosenasoneofthecandidatestocompeteonbehalfofChinaatthe47thWorldSkillsCompetitioninLyon,Francenextyear.(最近，贾的这一努力达到了一个重要的里程碑。他被选为候选人之一，代表中国参加明年在法国里昂举行的第47届世界技能大赛)”和最后一段““IfIcanrepresentChinaontheglobalstage,Iwillexertallmyeffortstobecomethewinner,”Jiasaid.(“如果我能在国际舞台上代表中国，我会尽我所能成为赢家，”贾说)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了大学生贾静对木工技艺的热爱和执着追求，以及他参加世界技能大赛的经历和目标，所以D项“Continuingpassiononglobalstage.(在全球舞台上继续保持激情)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。CAproton(质子)isaninfinitesimal(无穷小的)partofanatom.Nowimagineifyoucan(andofcourseyoucan’t)makesmalleroneofthoseprotonsdowntoabillionthofitsnormalsizeintoaspacesosmallthatitwouldmakeaprotonlookhuge.Nowpackintothattiny,tinyspacesomematter.Excellent.YouarereadytostartastandardBigBanguniverse.Infact,youwillneedtogatherupeverythingthereis,everylastmote(尘埃)ofmatter,betweenhereandtheedgeofcreationandpressitintoaspotsoinfinitesimallycompact(紧密的)thatithasnodimensionsatall.Itisknownasasingularity.Itisnaturalbutwrongtovisualizethesingularityasakindofpackedspothanginginadark,boundlessvoid(虚空).Thereisnospace,nodarkness.Thesingularityhasno“around”aroundit.Wecan’tevenaskhowlongithasbeenthere-whetherithasjustlatelyexplodedintobeing,likeagoodidea,orwhetherithasbeenthereforever,quietlyawaitingtherightmoment.Timedoesn’texist.Thereisnopastforittoemergefrom.Andso,fromnothing,ouruniversebeginswithabig“bang”.Inasingleblindingpulse,amomentofglory“explosion”muchtoorapidandexpansiveforanyformofwords,thesingularityassumes(显露出)heavenlydimensions,spacebeyondconception.Withinasecondgravityisproducedandthentheotherforcesthatgovernphysics.Inlessthanaminutetheuniverseisamillionbillionmilesacrossandgrowingfast.Thereisalotofheatnow,tenbilliondegreesofit,enoughtobeginthenuclearreactionsthatcreatethelighterelements—principallyhydrogen,heliumandalittlelithium(锂).Inthreeminutes,98percentofallthematterthereisorwilleverbehasbeenproduced.Wehaveauniverse.Itisaplaceofthemostwondrousandgratifyingpossibility,andbeautiful,too.Anditwasalldoneinaboutthetimeittakestomakeasandwich.8.Whatisthecharacteristicofsingularity?A.Empty. B.Mysterious. C.Fixed. D.Predictable.9.Whichofthefollowinghappensorcomesintoexistencefirst?A.Gravity. B.Expansion. C.Nuclearreactions. D.Elements.10.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthattheauthorisamazedby_____.A.theexistenceoftheuniverseB.theenvironmentinwhichtheuniverseismadeC.thespeedatwhichtheuniversecomesintoexistenceD.thebeautyoftheuniverse11.Whatchapterofasciencebookisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.ProtonsintheUniverse. B.WhyBuildaUniverse.C.TheSizeoftheUniverse. D.HowtoBuildaUniverse.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过描述宇宙大爆炸的过程，解释了宇宙起源的奥秘。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Itisnaturalbutwrongtovisualizethesingularityasakindofpackedspothanginginadark,boundlessvoid(虚空).Thereisnospace,nodarkness.Thesingularityhasno“around”aroundit.Wecan’tevenaskhowlongithasbeenthere-whetherithasjustlatelyexplodedintobeing,likeagoodidea,orwhetherithasbeenthereforever,quietlyawaitingtherightmoment.Timedoesn’texist.Thereisnopastforittoemergefrom.(把奇点想象成一个挂在黑暗、无边无际的虚空中的密集的点是很自然但错误的。那里没有空间，没有黑暗。奇点周围没有“周围”。我们甚至不能问它在那里多久了——它是最近才突然出现，像一个好主意，还是它一直在那里，静静地等待着合适的时刻。时间并不存在。它没有过去可以出现)”可知，奇点是一个什么都没有的点，包括时间，人们能想象，但是是错误的，所以它是神秘的。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Withinasecondgravityisproducedandthentheotherforcesthatgovernphysics.(一秒钟之内，引力就产生了，然后是控制物理的其他力)”可知，引力是首先产生的。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inthreeminutes,98percentofallthematterthereisorwilleverbehasbeenproduced.Wehaveauniverse.Itisaplaceofthemostwondrousandgratifyingpossibility,andbeautiful,too.Anditwasalldoneinaboutthetimeittakestomakeasandwich.(在三分钟内，98%的现有或将会存在的物质都产生了。我们有一个宇宙。这是一个最奇妙和最令人满意的可能性，也是一个美丽的地方。这一切都是在做一个三明治的时间内完成的)”可推知，作者对宇宙形成的速度感到惊讶。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Andso,fromnothing,ouruniversebeginswithabig“bang”.(因此，我们的宇宙从无到有，开始于一个大“爆炸”。)”以及综合全文可知，本文先描述了什么是奇点，然后描述奇点爆炸，宇宙形成，所以应是来自自科学书籍的如何构建宇宙这一章。故选D项。DTheiPhonehasbecomeausabilitynightmare(噩梦).Anewonecomeswith38preinstalled(提前装好的)apps,ofwhichyoucandelete27.Onceyou’vedownloadedyourfavoriteapps,you’renowsittingat46ormore.Likemanycompanies,Applehasdecidedthatthere’snoneedtobuildaneasy-to-useproductwhenitcanuseartificialintelligence.Ifyouwanttofindsomethingintheirgarbagedumpofappsandoptions,youmustuseSpotlight,Apple’sAI-poweredsearchenginethatcanfindalmosteverythingthere.This“innovation”ofartificialintelligenceisnotthecreationofsomethingnewbutsimplycompaniessellingyoubackbasicusabilityafterdecadesofmessydesignchoices.AndthesetechfirmsarechargingusmoretofixtheirmistakesandslappinganAIlabelasasolution.AlexaandSirihavebecomereplacementsforintentionalcomputing.Theygivecommandsintovoiceinterfaces(接口)easilybutsacrifice“whatwecando”to“whatAmazonorAppleallowsustodo.”Wehavebeentrainedtokeepappsandfiles,whiletechcompanieshavefailedtoprovideanyeasywaytoorganizethem.Theyhavedecidedthatdisorganizedchaosisfineaslongastheycanprovideanautomatedsearchproducttosift(筛查)throughthemess,somethingmoretech,eveniftechcreatedtheprobleminthefirstplace.Artificialintelligence-baseduserinterfacesrobtheuserofchoiceandempowertechgiantstocontroltheirdecision-making.WhenonesearchesforsomethinginSiriorAlexa,AppleandAmazoncontroltheresults.Googlealreadyprovidesvastlydifferentsearchresultsbasedonyourlocation,andhasredesignedsearchitselfmultipletimestotrickusersintoclickinglinksthatbenefitGoogleinsomeway.Depressingly,ourfutureisbecomingonewherewemustchoosebetweenaskinganartificialintelligenceforhelp,orfightingthroughanever-increasingamountofpoorlydesignedmenusinthehopewemightbeabletohelpourselves.We,asconsumers,shoulddemandmorefromthecompaniesthathaveturnedourdigitallivesintotrillion-dollarenterprises.12.WhydoestheauthormentionApple’sproblem?A.Asthemaintopic. B.Asthemodel.C.Asanexample. D.Asasharpcontrast.13.WhatcanweknowaboutAlexaandSiri?A.TheyarebothApple’ssearchproducts.B.Theyhelpconsumersmaketheirownchoices.C.Theyhavebetteredtheuserexperiencegreatly.D.Theyworktothebenefitsoftechgiantsbehind.14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthetechnologicalgiants’AI-solution?A.Uncertain. B.Disapproving. C.Unclear. D.Unconcerned.15.Theauthorwritesthisarticletoaskreadersto_____.A.abandonusingartificialintelligenceB.abandonusingproductsfromtechgiantsC.recognizethenatureofAI-basedsolutionD.recognizethenatureofpoorlydesignedapps【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文的是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能在用户界面设计中的应用所带来的问题，包括使用困难、选择受限以及科技公司对用户决策的控制等。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Likemanycompanies,Applehasdecidedthatthere’snoneedtobuildaneasy-to-useproductwhenitcanuseartificialintelligence.(像许多公司一样，苹果公司已经决定，如果可以使用人工智能，就没有必要开发一款易于使用的产品)”可知，作者使用Apple作为众多公司中的一个代表，来说明即使是知名公司如Apple在使用人工智能时也忽视了易用性的问题，所以是作为一个例子。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“AlexaandSirihavebecomereplacementsforintentionalcomputing.Theygivecommandsintovoiceinterfaces(接口)easilybutsacrifice“whatwecando”to“whatAmazonorAppleallowsustodo.”(Alexa和Siri已经成为有意计算的替代品。他们很容易将命令输入语音界面，但牺牲了“我们能做什么”，而变成了“亚马逊或苹果允许我们做什么”)”以及倒数第二段“Artificialintelligence-baseduserinterfacesrobtheuserofchoiceandempowertechgiantstocontroltheirdecision-making.WhenonesearchesforsomethinginSiriorAlexa,AppleandAmazoncontroltheresults.Googlealreadyprovidesvastlydifferentsearchresultsbasedonyourlocation,andhasredesignedsearchitselfmultipletimestotrickusersintoclickinglinksthatbenefitGoogleinsomeway.(基于人工智能的用户界面剥夺了用户的选择，使科技巨头能够控制他们的决策。当用户在Siri或Alexa中搜索某样东西时，苹果和亚马逊控制着搜索结果。谷歌已经根据你的位置提供了截然不同的搜索结果，并多次重新设计搜索本身，以欺骗用户点击在某种程度上有利于谷歌的链接)”可知，Alexa和Siri等智能助手虽然提供了便捷的语音交互方式，但限制了用户的选择，使得用户只能做Amazon或Apple允许的事情。这实际上是在为这些科技巨头控制用户决策、进而获取更多利益服务。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“This“innovation”ofartificialintelligenceisnotthecreationofsomethingnewbutsimplycompaniessellingyoubackbasicusabilityafterdecadesofmessydesignchoices.(这种人工智能的“创新”并不是创造新东西，而只是公司在几十年混乱的设计选择之后向你出售基本的可用性)”以及倒数第二段“Artificialintelligence-baseduserinterfacesrobtheuserofchoiceandempowertechgiantstocontroltheirdecision-making.(基于人工智能的用户界面剥夺了用户的选择，使科技巨头能够控制他们的决策。)”可知，作者认为科技巨头的人工智能解决方案不是创造新东西且剥夺了用户的选择，所以是不赞成的。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Depressingly,ourfutureisbecomingonewherewemustchoosebetweenaskinganartificialintelligenceforhelp,orfightingthroughanever-increasingamountofpoorlydesignedmenusinthehopewemightbeabletohelpourselves.We,asconsumers,shoulddemandmorefromthecompaniesthathaveturnedourdigitallivesintotrillion-dollarenterprises.(令人沮丧的是，我们的未来将成为一个我们必须在向人工智能寻求帮助或在越来越多的设计糟糕的菜单中挣扎之间做出选择的地方，希望我们能够帮助自己。作为消费者，我们应该向那些将我们的数字生活变成万亿级企业的公司提出更多要求)”可知，这里作者呼吁读者认识到当前基于AI的用户界面设计存在的问题，以及这些问题如何影响用户的选择和决策。所以是为了让读者认识到基于人工智能的解决方案的本质。故选C项。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于选项。Tennisisanincrediblymentalsport.____16____Butitisalsoanincrediblydifficultsporttoplaywell.Itisveryeasytoself-destruct(自我毁灭)whenplayingtennisifyouletyourexpectationsandegogetthebetterofyou.So,simplyplayingtheballthatisinfrontofyouisthesimplestwaytoapproachthegame,alongwithtakingeachpointatatime.Thatbeingsaid,itismucheasiersaidthandone.____17____Evenifitisassimpleasplayingtoyouropponent’sbackhandasmuchaspossible,oraimingtohitasmanycrosscourt(对角线球)ballsasyoucan,itisimportanttohaveaplanofattackifyouwanttobesuccessfulonthecourt.____18____Youmayhavethebestplanintheworld,butifyouaren’tperformingwellenoughtoexecuteitoryouropponentcottonson(领悟)whatyou’retryingtodo,you’llneedtoadapt,improviseandovercome.Adaptingtonewconditions,courtsurfaces,ballsandplayingstylesisallpartofbecomingabettertennisplayer!____19____Thismeansyouneedtobeincrediblyresilient(坚韧的)toplaygoodtennisandovercomehardship.Don’tbetoomuchbotheredbysomepointsyoulose.Justlearnfromyourmistakesbutnotletthemgetyoudown.Tennisisalsoaboutplayingthebigpointswellandunderstandingthatnotallpointsholdthesameweightacrossthecourseofamatch.Puttingdisappointmentbehindyouandtryingtoplaythenextpointwithapositiveattitudecanbeverydifficulttodo.____20____A.However,beingflexibleisalsoimportant.B.Youwillalwayshavetohavesomeformofstrategy.C.However,itisakeypartofbecomingabettertennisplayer.D.Itcanbringwithitawholehostofphysicalandmentalbenefits.E.Everybackhandshotyouhitiswhatyouthrowatyouropponent.F.Perhapsthemostobviousbenefitstennisoffersarethephysicalones.G.Thescoringsystemintennismeansyoucanwinmorepointsandstillloseamatch!【答案】16.D17.B18.A19.G20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了打网球的一些策略和方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Tennisisanincrediblymentalsport.”（网球是一项令人难以置信的脑力运动。）引出话题，提到网球是脑力运动。以及下文“Butitisalsoanincrediblydifficultsporttoplaywell.”（但这也是一项非常困难的运动。）结合选项D项Itcanbringwithitawholehostofphysicalandmentalbenefits.（它可以带来一系列的身体和精神上的好处。）可知，承接上文内容，同时引起下文，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。【17题详解】根据上文“Thatbeingsaid,itismucheasiersaidthandone.”（话虽如此，说起来容易做起来难。）提到说起来容易做起来难。以及下文“Evenifitisassimpleasplayingtoyouropponent’sbackhandasmuchaspossible,oraimingtohitasmanycrosscourt(对角线球)ballsasyoucan,itisimportanttohaveaplanofattackifyouwanttobesuccessfulonthecourt.”（即使是尽可能多地打对手反手球，或者尽可能多地打交叉球这样简单的事情，如果你想在球场上取得成功，有一个进攻计划是很重要的。）说明具体的方法和策略。结合选项B项Youwillalwayshavetohavesomeformofstrategy.（你总是需要某种形式的策略。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选B项。【18题详解】由该句为该段句首可知，为总结该段的内容。该段下文“Youmayhavethebestplanintheworld,butifyouaren’tperformingwellenoughtoexecuteitoryouropponentcottonson(领悟)whatyou’retryingtodo,you’llneedtoadapt,improviseandovercome.Adaptingtonewconditions,courtsurfaces,ballsandplayingstylesisallpartofbecomingabettertennisplayer!”（你可能有世界上最好的计划，但是如果你的表现不够好，或者你的对手不知道你想要做什么，你就需要适应、即兴发挥和克服。适应新的条件，球场表面，球和打法都是成为一个更好的网球运动员的一部分！）可知，主要讲的是需要适应即兴发挥。结合选项A项However,beingflexibleisalsoimportant.（然而，灵活性也很重要。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。【19题详解】根据下文“Thismeansyouneedtobeincrediblyresilienttoplaygoodtennisandovercomehardship.Don’tbetoomuchbotheredbysomepointsyoulose.Justlearnfromyourmistakesbutnotletthemgetyoudown.”（这意味着你需要非常有韧性才能打好网球，克服困难。不要太在意你丢掉的分数。从错误中吸取教训，但不要让它们击垮你。）说明不要太在意你丢掉的分数。结合选项G项Thescoringsystemintennismeansyoucanwinmorepointsandstillloseamatch!（网球的计分系统意味着你可以赢得更多的分数，但仍然会输掉比赛！）可知，上下文紧密连接，其中下文中的This指的就是空格处的内容，符合语境。故选G项。【20题详解】根据上文“Puttingdisappointmentbehindyouandtryingtoplaythenextpointwithapositiveattitudecanbeverydifficulttodo.”（把失望抛在脑后，努力以积极的态度打下一分，这是很难做到的。）说明努力以积极的态度打下一分。结合选项C项However,itisakeypartofbecomingabettertennisplayer.（然而，这是成为一个更好的网球运动员的关键部分。）可知，承接上文内容，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选C项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。PeoplealwaystellmeIwasbravetoapplytomedicalschoolinmy30s.Butforme,thebravestthingwasto____21____frombeingadoctor10yearslater.I’dalwayswantedtostudymedicinetohelpreleasetheworldfromsufferingsbut,believingIwasnotbrightenough,Ileftschoolat15anddidn’treturntoeducationuntilmy30s.____22____thefactthatthecommute(通勤)wastoughandthemoneywas____23____,Ikeptgoingthistime.Idreamedofbecomingadoctorwhomadea(n)____24____.Ispentfiveyearsatmedicalschoollearninghowtofixthings,butaftergraduation,whenIworkedinahospital,IsoondiscoveredthereweremanythingsinlifeIwasunableto____25____.Itwasn’ttheworkloadIstruggledwith,though.WhatIfoundreally____26____wastheemotionalload.Asadoctor,IknewIwould____27____upsettingthings.IknewIwouldwatchpeopledieandIknewIwouldseethemostawfulthings.However,beingalwayspresentatallthesemomentsbecamea____28____forme.IknewIneededasolutiontoit,andIfinally____29____writing.Writingallowedmeanescape,adoorintoanotherworld,anditalsohelpedto____30____myanxieties.Writing,somethingIhadstartedasaformoftreatment,nowgavemesuccess,anexitcard,andachanceofself-protection.____31____IwaswonderingwhetherIwasadoctororawriter.Havingthoughtthickandthin,I____32____myjobandtookthewriting.ItwasnotadecisionImade____33____.IknewifIdidn’tputmyselffirst,Iwouldeventuallydisappear.Istillworkonthewards(病房)nowbutasa(an)____34____.Therearetimeswhenyouneedtofocusonyourself.Ifyouhavewalkedsofardownaroughroad,youmayfindit____35____toheadbackbecausewalkingawayisoftenthesafestrouteofall.21.A.leave B.suffer C.hide D.lean22.A.For B.With C.Given D.Despite23.A.sufficient B.tight C.worthless D.missing24.A.wish B.decision C.difference D.application25.A.handle B.recognize C.choose D.decide26.Aamazing B.essential C.impossible D.significant27.A.cause B.abandon C.witness D.fix28.A.gift B.practice C.burden D.luck29.A.turnedto B.gaveup C.runfor D.figuredout30.A.wipeout B.findout C.handout D.pickout31.A.Recently B.Originally C.Gradually D.Apparently32.A.quitted B.regained C.continued D.led33.A.seriously B.lightly C.aimlessly D.sadly34.A.expert B.leader C.doctor D.volunteer35.A.easy B.fortunate C.hard D.wise【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.A26.C27.C28.A29.A30.A31.C32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。描述了作者学医的经历、在医院工作的体验以及面对生死时的情感压力。他最终通过写作找到了自我释放和自我保护的方式，并决定放弃医生工作成为一名作家。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对我来说，最勇敢的事情是在10年后离开医生的岗位。A.leave离开；B.suffer遭受；C.hide隐藏；D.lean倚靠。根据后文“Havingthoughtthickandthin,I12myjobandtookthewriting.”可知，作者后面开始写作，所以应是离开医生的岗位。故选A项。【22题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管上下班很辛苦，手头也很紧，但这次我还是坚持了下来。A.For为了；B.With具有；C.Given鉴于；D.Despite尽管。根据后文“thefactthatthecommute(通勤)wastoughandthemoneywas3,Ikeptgoingthistime.”可知，两句间是转折关系，应用Despite引导让步状语。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管上下班很辛苦，手头也很紧，但这次我还是坚持了下来。A.sufficient足够的；B.tight紧的；C.worthless无价值的；D.missing丢失的。根据and可知，空处和前文的“thecommute(通勤)wastough”并列，讲述学医的缺点，所以此处应是钱不多，手头也很紧。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我梦想成为一名有所作为的医生。A.wish希望；B.decision决定；C.difference不同；D.application应用。根据前文“madea”结合选项可知，此处应是固定搭配：makeadifference意为“起（重要）作用”符合语境。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在医学院花了五年时间学习如何修理东西，但毕业后，当我在医院工作时，我很快发现生活中有很多事情我无法处理。A.handle处理；B.recognize认识；C.choose选择；D.decide决定。根据后文“WhatIfoundreally6wastheemotionalload.”可知，作者的情绪负荷很大，无法处理。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现真正不可能的是情绪负荷。A.amazing令人惊喜的；B.essential基本的；C.impossible不可能的；D.significant重要的。根据前文“IsoondiscoveredthereweremanythingsinlifeIwasunableto5.Itwasn’ttheworkloadIstruggledwith,though.”可知，作者先说生活中有些事不能处理，然后说不是工作量问