高三英语开学摸底考01（新高考七省专用）-2023-2024学年高中下学期开学摸底考试卷（解析版）

第17页/共20页高三英语开学摸底考试卷01（新高考七省专用）英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inagym. B．Inastore. C．Ontheplayground.【答案】B【原文】M:Excuseme.I’mlookingforavolleyball.WherecanIfindsportinggoods?W:Sportinggoodsareonthesecondfloor,rightnexttothelift.2．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Stormy. B．Dull. C．Sunny.【答案】B【原文】W:Thedarkcloudsintheskymeanthatastormiscoming.M:Oh,Ihaterainydays.W:TheweatherisquitechangeableinLondon.Maybeitwillbesunnythisafternoon.Whoknows?3．Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A．Seeingafilm.B．Enjoyingthescenery.C．Commentingonabook.【答案】C【原文】M:Iparticularlyenjoyedthedescriptionofthescenery.Thecharacterswerequitewelldeveloped.W:Oh,Ifeelthatway,too.ButIthinkitwasabitlong.IwasrelievedwhenIfinallyfinishedreadingit.4．Whendidthemangethisniece’scall?A．At5:30.B．At6:00.C．At6:20.【答案】A【原文】M:Shirley,Ihavetomeetmynieceattherailwaystationat6:20.Shecalledmehalfanhourago.Ijusthadanemergencymeeting.W:Oh,it’s6:00now.20minutestogo.M:Thatisenough.5．Whatisthewoman’sfeelingnow?A．Relief. B．Regret. C．Embarrassment.【答案】A【原文】W:Thankgoodness!You’restillhere.M:What’sup?W:Ineedyoursignatureforthisdocument.It’surgent.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6．WhatisTombusydoing?A．Raisingmoney. B．Writingalabreport. C．Givingclassestochildren.7．WhomightbeabletohelpTomthisweek?A．Mike. B．Cathy. C．Jane.【答案】6．A7．B【原文】W:Areyouallalone,Tom?WhynotaskMiketohelpyoucollectmoneyfortheChildren’sCentre?M:Well,he’sworkingonhislabreport.Couldyoucome?W:I’dloveto,butIwon’tbeavailableuntilnextweek.IthinkCathywillhavesomefreetimethisweek.Doyouwantmetopassonamessage?M:That’dbenice.Thanks,Jane.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Whatmightthewomanbe?A．Awriter. B．Abookseller. C．Apublisher.9．Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A．Hecanfindthebookhimself.B．Heknowsthebookverywell. C．Hedoesn’tlikeadventurenovels.【答案】8．B9．A【原文】M:IamlookingforthelatestcopyofStephenEdwinKing’sbook.W:Doyouknowthenameofthebook?M:Sorry,Iforgotit.Ijustreadaboutitonawebsite.It’shisnewestrelease.ItgavemeafeelingofdangerandmysterywhenIreaditsbriefintroduction.W:Well,itmightbeanadventurenovel.M:Ithinkyouareright.W:Letmelookitup.Itmightbeonourdatabase…Well,hehasquiteafewbookspublished.ThereisonetitledGwendy’sFinalTask,anditwaspublishedatthebeginningofthisyear.M:That’sit.Doyouhaveanyinstock?W:Yes.Youcanfindthemintheself-helpsection.M:Oh,thenIknowwheretheyare.Thanks.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10．Whatkindofbookdoesthemanwant?A．Abiography.B．Anadventurestory.C．Afantasybook.11．Whydoesthewomanbuybookstoday?A．Tocompleteherpaper.B．Toprepareabirthdaygift.C．Tokilltimeattheweekend.12．Whichseriesofbookswillthewomantake?A．HarryPotter.B．TheLordoftheRings.C．TheHungerGames.【答案】10．A11．B12．C【原文】W:Wow,it’sreallyabigbookstore.Whatkindofbookdoyouwanttobuytoday?M:I’dliketogetabookaboutAbrahamLincoln’slife.I’mreallyinterestedinlearningmoreaboutthegreatman.W:Itmustbehelpfulforyoutocompleteyourpaper.M:You’reright.Andyou?W:I’mlookingforsomefantasybooks.M:Youmustlovethiskindofbookverymuch.W:Notreally.Adventurestoriesaremyfavorite.ActuallyIneedbooksformyyoungerbrother.Heisturningfourteenthisweekend.M:HowaboutbuyingtheHarryPotterseriesforhim?W:Hereadthosebookstwoyearsago,buthehasn’treadTheLordoftheRingsandTheHungerGamesyet.M:Willyoubuybothoftheseriesforhim?W:No.Justthelatter.Idon’thavesomuchmoneytoday.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13．Whatarethespeakersdoing?A．Doingsomeexercise. B．Makingatrainingplan. C．Attendingasportsmeeting.14．Howlongwillthefirstperiodoftheexerciselast?A．Twoweeks. B．Fourweeks. C．Sixweeks.15．WhichsportdoesthemanplantopracticeonWednesday?A．Cycling. B．Swimming. C．Running.16．Howdoesthemanfindthesecondperiodoftheexercise?A．Interesting. B．Easy. C．Stressful.【答案】13．B14．A15．B16．C【原文】W:Thesportsmeetingisinsixweeksactually.Let’sworkoutatrainingscheduleforyou.M:OK,whatshouldIdo?W:Let’ssee.Forthefirsttwoweeks,youshoulddothreeorfourworkoutsperweek.Youneedtobike,swimandrunonceaweek.Andaddanotherlongerworkoutofoneofthethreesportsthatyoufeelyouneedmorepractice.M:OK.SohowaboutIbikeonMonday,swimonWednesdayandrunonFriday?W:Soundsgood!Doyouthinkyoucandothatfortwoweeks?M:Yeah,IthinkIcan.Thenwhat’snext?W:Thenit’sthesecondperiod.You’vegotfourmoreweekstogo.It’llbetimetoincreasetofiveorsixlongworkoutsaweek.M:Wow,that’salotofworktodo.I’mafraidIcan’tmanageit.W:Butyou’llbefitterafterthefirstperiod,soit’llbeeasyforyoutodothat.M：Ireallyhopeso.MaybestartingfromWeek3,I’llchangetheexercisingtimetomakeitmoreinteresting.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17．Whatisthespeakerdoing?A．Reportingastudy. B．Chairingameeting. C．Teachingaclass.18．Whatshouldyoupaymostattentiontowhentakingnotes?A．Listening. B．Reading. C．Writing.19．Whatisanadvantageofusingsymbolsinnote-taking?A．Itkeepsinformationsecret.B．Itleavesspaceforfutureuse.C．Itmakeskeywordsnoticeable.20．Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A．Askafewquestions. B．Showsomenotes. C．Makeasummary.【答案】17．C18．A19．C20．B【原文】W:Today,let’sbeginwithnote-takingtechniques.Note-takingisanimportantskillnotonlyfortakingclasses,butalsofordoingyourjobinthefuture.I’dliketodrawyourattentiontocertainpointsabouttakingnotes.First,rememberthatnote-takingshouldbe75%listeningandonly25%writing,sodon’ttrytowritedowneverysinglewordtheteachersays.Ignorewhatisunimportantandwriteinphrases,notcompletesentences.Second,leavespacesandlinesbetweenmainideas.Youmaywanttoaddsomeinformationlater.Ifindthatsomeofyouareverygoodatmakinguseofcolor,mappingweb,andsymbolssuchasarrows,circlesandboxes.Ihighlyrecommendthesetoolstoallofyou,becausetheuseofthemmakestheoutlinemoreeasilyreadableandinterestingthantheblocksoftext.Italsomakessurethatimportantwordsstandout.Herearesomeexamples.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVirtualPostgraduateOpenDays2023OureventsofferagreatopportunitytofindoutmoreabouttheCambridgeUniversity’s300+postgraduatecourses,theapplicationprocess,studentlife,andarangeoffundingopportunities,aswellastogetanideaofwhatit’sliketostudyhere.AttendourvirtualopendaystolearnallaboutpostgraduatestudyatCambridge:Week1:Subjectsessions(23to27October)Joinusliveforonlinesessionswhereyoucan:●Findoutmoreaboutourcoursesandexploreyoursubject●Chatwithacademics,currentstudentsandotherstaffWeek2:Pastoral,ICE,CollegeandFinancesessions(30Octoberto3November)Duringthissecondweekofliveonlinesessionsyoucan:●ExploremoreabouttheColleges●Findoutaboutfundingopportunities●DiscoverwhatpastoralsupportisavailableatCambridge●LearnaboutourInstituteofContinuingEducation(ICE)●WatchrecordingsofthesubjectsessionsfromWeek1On-demandcontentEveryonewhobooksaplaceatthePostgraduateOpenDayswillreceiveaccesstoon-demandvideocontent,includingrecordingsofthesubjectsessionsfromWeek1(tobeuploadedby30October).VisitusIfyoucan’tcometoourPostgraduateOpenDay,thereareotherwaystovisit:●Checkdepartmentwebsitesforsubject-specificeventsorcontactthedepartmentdirectlytoarrangeanappointmenttovisitfacilitiesandtalktoamemberofstaff.●ManyoftheCambridgeCollegesareopentothepublicatduringtermtime.Contacttheminadvancetoarrangeatimetovisitandtomeetwithcurrentstudentsorstaff.21．WhatdoweknowabouttherecordingsofsubjectsessionsfromWeek1?A．Itisavailabletoeveryone. B．Itoffersfundingopportunities.C．ItcanbereplayedduringWeek2. D．Itwillbeuploadedbefore27October.22．Whatcanyoudoifyoucan’tcometothePostgraduateOpenDay?A．Visitthedepartmentwebsite. B．Organizeasubject-specificevent.C．Visittheschoolduringtheholiday. D．Askcurrentstudentstoarrangeanappointment.23．WhowillbemostinterestedinCambridgeVirtualPostgraduateOpenDays?A．Itsfounder. B．Itssponsors. C．Itsworkingstaff. D．Itspotentialstudents.【答案】21．C22．A23．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是2023年剑桥大学虚拟研究生开放日的相关信息。21．细节理解题。根据Week2:Pastoral,ICE,CollegeandFinancesessions(30Octoberto3November)部分中的“WatchrecordingsofthesubjectsessionsfromWeek1(观看第一周的课程记录)”可知，在第二周的开放日中可以观看第一周的课程记录，由此可知，在第二周可以回放第一周的课程记录。故选C项。22．细节理解题。根据Visitus部分中的“Checkdepartmentwebsitesforsubject-specificeventsorcontactthedepartmentdirectlytoarrangeanappointmenttovisitfacilitiesandtalktoamemberofstaff.(浏览院系网站了解特定主题的活动或直接联系部门安排参观设施并与工作人员交谈。)”可知，如果不能参加研究生开放日可以浏览院系的网站了解特定主题的活动。故选A项。23．推理判断题。根据首段“OureventsofferagreatopportunitytofindoutmoreabouttheCambridgeUniversity’s300+postgraduatecourses,theapplicationprocess,studentlife,andarangeoffundingopportunities,aswellastogetanideaofwhatit’sliketostudyhere.(我们的活动提供了一个很好的机会，可以了解更多关于剑桥大学300多个研究生课程，申请流程，学生生活和一系列资助机会，以及了解在这里学习的感觉。)”可知，本文介绍的是剑桥大学虚拟研究生开放日的相关信息，在这里可以了解更多剑桥大学的研究生课程，申请流程，学生生活，资助机会以及在剑桥学习的感受，由此可知，对虚拟研究生开放日感兴趣的应该是打算读剑桥大学虚拟研究生课程的学生。故选D项。BBostonMarathonrunnersinrecentyearsmayhaveseenasmilingfurryfacearoundthetwo-milemark.It’sSpencer,thetherapy(治疗)dog,whobecameknownasanunofficialmascot(吉祥物)forthemarathon,He’sshownuponthesidelineseveryyearsince2015—rainorshine.OneparticularlyrainymarathoncatapultedSpencer’sfame,In2018,hisowner,RichardPowers,decidedtoputabrightyellowraincoatonthedog,makinghimstandoutevenmorethanheusuallydoes.PhotosofSpencer,whoholdsa“BostonStrong”flaginhismouth,wentviral,andhebecameaninspirationtorunnersandonlookersalike,Duringthemarathon,somerunnersstopintheirtrackstotakeselfieswiththedog-thelinesometimesgrowingto20runnerslong.Butin2020,Spencerwasdiagnosedwithatumor(肿瘤).Hisownerwasworried,butSpencerisafighter.Hegotthecareheneededandsurvived.In2021,hewasbackonthecourseanditwasreallykindofamiracleandthatreallyhithometoalotofpeople.Unfortunately,Spencercaughtanothertumor—thisonecancerous—andSpencerbeganchemotherapy.Powersdidn’tthinkhisbeloveddogwouldmakeitouttothemarathonof2022.“Miraculously,he’sstillherewithusandanevenbiggermiracle,hewasstrongenoughtogotothemarathon,”hesaid.Afterrecovering,Spencerwasbacktowork—notjustatthemarathon—butasatherapydog,alongsidehiscompanion,Penny,whoisalsoagoldentherapydog.Powerstakeshistwotherapydogsaroundtoschools,hospitalsandseniorlivingcenters.“He’sagifttousandwe’reveryluckytohavehim.He’stoogoodsowewanttosharehimwithasmanypeopleaswepossiblycan.Hedoesmakeadifference,”Powerssaid.24．WhyisSpencerreferredtoasamascotforBostonMarathon?A．Hehasasmilingfurryface. B．Heappearsattheeventannually.C．Heisnotrecognizedofficially. D．Heworksasatherapydogforrunners.25．WhatdoesSpencerbringtorunners?A．Motivation. B．Satisfaction. C．Fantasy. D．Barrier.26．WhatdidSpencergothroughin2020?A．Afailureinthemarathon. B．Caringforhisowner. C．Fightingagainstadisease. D．Goingviral.27．WhatwasPowers’initialattitudetowardsSpence’sappearingatthemarathonof2022?A．Confident, B．Supportive. C．Objective. D．Negative.【答案】24．B25．A26．C27．D【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一只治疗犬Spencer在波士顿马拉松比赛中的角色和影响，同时介绍了其在治疗工作中的表现和对人们的积极影响。24．细节理解题。根据第一段“BostonMarathonrunnersinrecentyearsmayhaveseenasmilingfurryfacearoundthetwo-milemark.It’sSpencer,thetherapy(治疗)dog,whobecameknownasanunofficialmascot(吉祥物)forthemarathon,He’sshownuponthesidelineseveryyearsince2015—rainorshine.(近年来，波士顿马拉松的跑者们可能在跑完两英里时看到了一张微笑的毛茸茸的脸。这是一只名叫斯宾塞的治疗犬，它被称为马拉松比赛的非官方吉祥物。自2015年以来，无论晴雨，它每年都会出现在场边)”可知，因为他每年都出席这个活动，所以斯宾塞被称为波士顿马拉松赛的吉祥物。故选B项。25．细节理解题。根据第二段“PhotosofSpencer,whoholdsa“BostonStrong”flaginhismouth,wentviral,andhebecameaninspirationtorunnersandonlookersalike,Duringthemarathon,somerunnersstopintheirtrackstotakeselfieswiththedog-thelinesometimesgrowingto20runnerslong.(斯宾塞的照片在网上疯传，他嘴里叼着一面“BostonStrong”的旗帜，他成为了跑步者和旁观者的一种激励。在马拉松比赛期间，一些跑步者在跑道上停下来和狗狗自拍，有时队伍会长到20人)”可知，斯宾塞给跑步者带来了激励。故选A项。26．细节理解题。根据第三段“Butin2020,Spencerwasdiagnosedwithatumor(肿瘤).Hisownerwasworried,butSpencerisafighter.Hegotthecareheneededandsurvived.(但在2020年，斯宾塞被诊断出患有肿瘤。他的主人很担心，但斯宾塞是个斗士。他得到了所需的治疗，活了下来)”可知，斯宾塞在2020年与疾病作斗争。故选C项。27．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Powersdidn’tthinkhisbeloveddogwouldmakeitouttothemarathonof2022.(鲍尔斯没想到他心爱的狗狗会参加2022年的马拉松比赛)”可知，鲍尔斯刚开始时，不认为斯宾塞会参加马拉松，所以一开始他的态度是消极的。故选D项。CTheneedsofplussizeconsumershavelongbeentheelephantintheroomofthefashionindustryuntilbodypositivityandfatacceptancemovementspromotedtheslogan(口号)thatlarge-bodiedpeoplearenotthosewhoareleftbehind.Thissize-inclusive(尺码包容)trendhasbecomesopopularthatitisinfluencingmainstreamculture.Asaresult,fashionbrandshavefinallydecidedtoextendtheirsizeranges.In2022,theplus-sizemarketgrewtwiceasfastasthestandardsizemarketinbothNorthAmericaandtheUK.Yet,manyconsumerssayfashionbrandsbroadeningtheirrangesarenottrulyinclusive.“Inclusivesizingmeansthatallbodiesareincludedinfashion,notjusttheoneswhofitinstandardsizes,”saysMarieSouthardOspina,aUK-basedjournalistwhocoversbody-imageissues.“However,whatmanydesignersdorightnowispickanumberthattheythinkisbigenoughtoincludeplussizesandstop.Thisisevenmoredisrespectful.”Researchersalsocriticizethatsomebrandsarejusttakingadvantageofthetrend.“Brandsthatusedtopromoteso-calledperfectbodiesintheiradvertisementsarenowtryingtogetinonthetrendbyaddingafewsizes.Itdoesn’tfeelliketheyreallycareaboutplus-sizepeople,”saysTomBurgess,analystinfashionindustry.“Ifbrandscaredaboutlarge-bodiedconsumers,thenitwouldn’thavetakenuntilnowtoacknowledgethattheyexist,”hesays.“Itgivestheimpressionthatcompaniesarejusttryingtogainashareofthemarketwithoutarealcommitmenttothecommunity.”Thefashionindustrymustgobeyondmerelyproducingclothinginarangeofsizesiftheyhopetosucceedwithabody-diverseworld.Thewholeindustryhastoconnectonapersonallevelwithconsumers.Thatinvolvesshowingshoppersthattheyareseen,understoodandimportanttobrands.“Consumerscareaboutvalues,andsotheywanttobuyfrombrandsthatreflectthevaluestheybelievein.Everyoneshouldenjoythesamerangeoffashionoptions,”saysLudovicaCesareo,professorofmarketingattheCollegeofBusinessintheUS.28．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theelephantintheroom”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Thehotissuethatisvalued.B．Theobvioustruththatisignored.C．Theimportantprinciplethatisrecognized.D．Thecommonphenomenonthatiscriticized.29．Whydoconsumerssayfashionbrandsarenottrulyinclusive?A．Theypicksizesrandomly. B．Theyofferlimitedplussizes.C．Theytreatdesignersdisrespectfully. D．Theyhaven’tbroadenedstandardsizes.30．Forwhatdoresearchersmainlycriticizesomebrands?A．Theirdesigns. B．Theirquality.C．Theirmotivations. D．Theiradvertisements.31．Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A．Buyersmaydeservefashionthatfitstheirfigure.B．Consumerspreferbrandswithpersonalizedvalues.C．Brandsshouldcatchupwiththesize-inclusivetrend.D．Agoodbrandimageiscriticalinthefashionindustry.【答案】28．B29．B30．C31．B【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了很多品牌推出了加码衣服，却只是为了迎合尺码包容这一趋势，而并非真正的满足客户的需要。品牌如果真的想要取得成功，就需要关心消费者的价值观。28．词义猜测题。根据文章划线短语theelephantintheroom后的内容“untilbodypositivityandfatacceptancemovementspromotedtheslogan(口号)thatlarge-bodiedpeoplearenotthosewhoareleftbehind.(直到身体积极性和脂肪接受运动推动了这一口号，身材魁梧的人并应该被抛在后面。)”可知，新的口号的是身材魁梧的人并应该被抛诸脑后，故这些人原来一直是被忽视的，且根据划线词theelephant(大象)可知，此处划线词意思与B项“被忽视的明显的事实”意思相近，故选B。29．细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Inclusivesizingmeansthatallbodiesareincludedinfashion,notjusttheoneswhofitinstandardsizes,”saysMarieSouthardOspina,aUK-basedjournalistwhocoversbody-imageissues.“However,whatmanydesignersdorightnowispickanumberthattheythinkisbigenoughtoincludeplussizesandstop.Thisisevenmoredisrespectful.”(报道身体形象问题的英国记者MarieSouthardOspina说道：“包容性的尺码意味着所有的身体都包含在时尚内，而不是仅仅符合那些标准尺码的身体。然而，许多设计师现在所做的仅仅是选择一个他们认为足够大的尺寸。这是极其不尊重人的”。)”可知，消费者认为世上品牌并不是真正的包容性，是因为他们只提供那些符合标准尺码的身体，而不适合所有的身体，故其提供的大码是有限的，故选B。30．推理判断题。根据文章第三段““Ifbrandscaredaboutlarge-bodiedconsumers,thenitwouldn’thavetakenuntilnowtoacknowledgethattheyexist,”hesays.“Itgivestheimpressionthatcompaniesarejusttryingtogainashareofthemarketwithoutarealcommitmenttothecommunity.”(他说道：“如果品牌关心大码消费者，那么它就不会直到现在才承认他们的存在。这给人的印象就是，公司只是想要在市场上占有一席之地，而不是真正的对社区做出承诺。”)”可知，研究者批评一些品牌是因为一些品牌并不是真正地关心大码消费者，而只是为了在市场上占有一定的位置，迎合趋势而已，故是因为品牌的动机而批评他们，故选C。31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Consumerscareaboutvalues,andsotheywanttobuyfrombrandsthatreflectthevaluestheybelievein.Everyoneshouldenjoythesamerangeoffashionoptions,”saysLudovicaCesareo,professorofmarketingattheCollegeofBusinessintheUS.(美国商学院市场营销教授LudovicaCesareo说道：“消费者关心价值，因此他们想要从反映他们所信仰的价值观的品牌那里购买东西。每个人都应该享受同样的时尚选择”。)”可推知，消费者在乎自己的价值观是否在品牌那里体现出来，因此他们更喜欢能体现自己价值观的品牌，故选B。D“Manypeopleconsidercatstobealargelynonsocialspecies,”DanielMills,aveterinarybehavioristattheUniversityofLincoln,tellsScience.“Thereisclearlyalotgoingonthatwearenotawareof.”Tocollectdataonthesefurrysubjects,researcherLaurenScottoftheUniversityofKansasMedicalCenterfrequentedacatcafélocatedinLosAngelesforaboutayearandrecordedvideosofinteractionsbetween53cats.Intotal,Scottgathered194minutesoffeline(猫科的)filmsthatcontained186interactions.Withthehelpofherco-author,evolutionarypsychologistBrittanyN.Florkiewicz,sheanalyzedthecats’facialsignals.Thepairdiscovered276expressionsmadeupofacombinationof26facialmovements,includingshiftsinearposition,blinks,noselicksandwhisker(胡须)andmouthmovements.Ofallexpressions,about45percentor126werecategorizedasfriendly,37percentwereaggressiveand18percentwereambiguous.“Thesefindingsshowitisgoodtolookatacat’sears,eyesandwhiskerstounderstandiftheyarefeelingfriendly,”Florkiewicztells.“Theirmouthprovidesalotofinformationaboutwhetheracatfightislikely.Peoplemaythinkthatcats’facialexpressionsareallaboutwarningothercatsandpeopleoff,butthisshowsjusthowsocialandtolerantpetcatscanactuallybe.”Theteamalsoidentifieda“commonplayface”amongcats,whichwascharacterizedbyadroppedjawanddrawnbackcornersofthemouth.Still,thescientistsdetectedsomepatterns:Catstendedtomovetheirearsandwhiskerstowardoneanotherduringfriendlyinteractionsandawayduringunfriendlyones.Whentheanimalsareaggressive,theyoftenshrinktheirpupils(瞳孔)andflattentheirears.Catsdisplaynegativeemotionswithflattenedearsandcurled-backwhiskers.Thenewstudycouldbeusedtohelphumansadoptingcatsfindonethat’smorelikelytogetalongwithexistingpets,oritcouldhelppetownersunderstandtheirfelinecompanionsbetter,FlorkiewicztellsScience.32．WhatdidLaurenScottdotocollectdataaboutcats’facialexpressions?A．Sheobservedcatsintheirnaturalhabitat.B．Sheshotvideosofcats’interactionatacatcafé.C．Sheconductedexperimentsinalaboratorysetting.D．Sheinterviewedcatownersabouttheirpets’behaviour.33．Ifcatsplantomakeanattack,theywill________.A．moveitsearsandwhiskersforwardB．narrowitspupilsandflattenitsearsC．closeitsearsandtwistitswhiskersD．loweritsjawanddrawbackthecornersofthemouth34．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Cats’nonsocialnatureiswellconfirmed.B．Cats’facialexpressionsareusuallyoffensive.C．Cats’expressionstudywillassistpetadopters.D．Cats’expressionswon’tsignaltheirnegativeemotions.35．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．FriendlinessandAggressionofCatsB．TheSocialNatureofCatsC．FacialSignalsandInteractionsofCatsD．TheCommonBehaviourofCats【答案】32．B33．B34．C35．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个对面部表情和社交行为的研究成果。32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tocollectdataonthesefurrysubjects,researcherLaurenScottoftheUniversityofKansasMedicalCenterfrequentedacatcafélocatedinLosAngelesforaboutayearandrecordedvideosofinteractionsbetween53cats.(为了收集这些毛茸茸的研究对象的数据，堪萨斯大学医学中心的研究人员劳伦·斯科特在大约一年的时间里经常去洛杉矶的一家猫咪咖啡馆，并记录了53只猫之间的互动视频。)”可知，研究者经常去一个猫咪咖啡馆，用视频记录53只猫之间的交流瞬间。故选B。33．细节理解题。根据第四段“Whentheanimalsareaggressive,theyoftenshrinktheirpupilsandflattentheirears.(当这些动物具有攻击性时，它们通常会缩小瞳孔，压平耳朵。)”可知，猫在有攻击性时，通常收缩瞳孔，耳朵贴着头部。故选B。34．细节理解题。根据第五段“Thenewstudycouldbeusedtohelphumansadoptingcatsfindonethat’smorelikelytogetalongwithexistingpets,oritcouldhelppetownersunderstandtheirfelinecompanionsbetter,FlorkiewicztellsScience.(Florkiewicz告诉《科学》杂志，这项新研究可以用来帮助领养猫的人找到更容易与现有宠物相处的猫，或者可以帮助宠物主人更好地了解他们的猫同伴。)”可知，这项新研究给养宠物人士提供相应的帮助。故选C。35．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Withthehelpofherco-author,evolutionarypsychologistBrittanyN.Florkiewicz,sheanalyzedthecats’facialsignals.Thepairdiscovered276expressionsmadeupofacombinationof26facialmovements,includingshiftsinearposition,blinks,noselicksandwhisker(胡须)andmouthmovements.Ofallexpressions,about45percentor126werecategorizedasfriendly,37percentwereaggressiveand18percentwereambiguous.(在她的合著者、进化心理学家布列塔尼·N·弗洛基维奇的帮助下，她分析了猫的面部信号。研究人员发现，276种表情由26种面部动作组合而成，包括耳朵位置的变化、眨眼、舔鼻子和胡须以及嘴部动作。在所有的表情中，约有45%(126个)被归类为友好的，37%是攻击性的，18%是暧昧的。)”及全文，本文通过对猫的脸部表情研究，说明动物间存在互动。所以“FacialSignalsandInteractionsofCats(猫的面部信号和相互作用)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AccordingtoAGuideforFamiliesbytheAmericanAcademyofChildandAdolescentPsychiatry,children,preteens,andteenscanlieforvaryingreasons.36Theirupsettingsituationscouldincludefailingaclass.andotherstruggleswiththingsaboutthemselvesorfittinginwiththeirpeers.37.Thisisnottosaythatlyingisacceptable,butthelessparentstakeitpersonally,themoretheycancalmlyandconstructivelyhelptheirchild.Childrenandteenswhofallintoanxietyeasilywilluselyingasanunhealthycopingstrategy.Whatshouldaparentorcaregiverdo?Trytokeepinmindthatkidscanbequiteself-absorbedandtheyoftendon’tunderstandhowhurtfulliescanbe.Withthisinmind,hereareafewtipstohelppromotetruthfulnessinyourchildatanyage.38Ifyouoverreact,thenyouarejustbuildingabarrierbetweenyouandyourchild,Calmlydiscussorlectureabouthonestyanddishonestyandwhytheychosetolie.39Yourunderstandingmaynotbeabletostopyourteenfromcreatingthoseeverydaylies,butyoucanconveythatthereareotheroptionsavailable.Keepinmindthataddressinglyingbehavioursisaprocessnotaquickfix.40Butifyoukeepyourownemotionpositively,yourchildorteenismorelikelytoeventuallyopenup.Whileintheshorttermyoumayjustgetashrug,keepingyourselfcalmtocreateasenseofemotionalsafetywillhelpyourvoiceoftruthandreasonbeheardthroughouttheirlives.A．Getthemtoknowthatyouunderstandthemortheirsituations.B．Trytoseeksomehelpfromexpertswhounderstandthemwell.C．Somekidsmaytakeawhilebeforetheyfeelsafetolevelwithyou.D．WhenIcoachparents,Ihelpthemlearnnottotakeliesfromtheirkidspersonally.E．Theytrytoavoidgettingintotroubleorliebecausetheyaretooupsettotalkaboutpainfulexperiences.F．Lyingisnotonlyharmfultokidsthenselves,butalsoithurtspeoplearoundthem.G．Thebestyoucandoasaparentistokeepyourselffromoverreactingtoyourchild’slies.【答案】36．E37．D38．G39．A40．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章为父母提供了如何帮助孩子改掉说谎的毛病，并使其变得更加坦诚的一些方法。36．上文“children,preteens,andteenscanlieforvaryingreasons.”（儿童、青春期前和青少年会因为各种各样的原因撒谎）提出孩子会因为种种原因撒谎，E选项的“Theytrytoavoidgettingintotroubleorliebecausetheyaretooupsettotalkaboutpainfulexperiences.”（他们试图避免陷入麻烦，或者因为他们太难过，不想谈论痛苦的经历而撒谎）承接上文，给出一些孩子撒谎的原因，上下文语意连贯，故选E。37．根据下文“Thisisnottosaythatlyingisacceptable,”（这不是说说谎是可以接受的）可推知，上文会表达类似“说谎是可以接受的”这一观点，D选项“WhenIcoachparents,Ihelpthemlearnnottotakeliesfromtheirkidspersonally.”（当我指导父母时，我帮助他们学会不要把孩子的谎言放在心上）表达了这样的意思，与下文构成转折关系，上下文语意连贯，故选D。38．根据下文“Ifyouoverreact”（如果你过度反应）可知，话题与“过度反应”相关，G项“Thebestyoucandoasaparentistokeepyourselffromoverreactingtoyourchild’slies.”（作为父母，你能做的最好的事情就是不要对孩子的谎言反应过度）与下文相呼应，上下文语意连贯，故选G。39．根据下文“Yourunderstandingmaynotbeabletostopyourteenfromcreatingthoseeverydaylies,butyoucanconveythatthereareotheroptionsavailable.”（你的理解可能无法阻止你的孩子制造那些日常谎言，但你可以传达出还有其他选择）可知，此处谈论的是理解的作用，A项“Getthemtoknowthatyouunderstandthemortheirsituations”（让他们知道你理解他们或他们的处境。），前后语义相承接，故选A。40．根据上文“Keepinmindthataddressinglyingbehavioursisaprocessnotaquickfix.”（请记住，解决撒谎行为是一个过程，而不是一个快速解决方案）可知，解决撒谎行为没有快速解决办法，C项“Somekidsmaytakeawhilebeforetheyfeelsafetolevelwithyou.”（有些孩子可能需要一段时间才会觉得和你说实话是安全的）承接上文，指出需要时间，上下文语意连贯，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Doyoueverfeellikeanoutsider?Anoutsiderisnotastrangepersonwithoutfriends.41,theyaresomeonewhochallengesacceptedvaluesandperspectives.Theeducationsystemteachesyoutothink42.However,b