阿法拉阀换热器介绍 (中文)

0Dettaäretttest!PHEKnowledge

板式换热器宁标19/12/2007Slide1Dettaäretttest!Topicstocover目录PHEmaincomponentsandfunction板式换热器主要组成部分和功能Plates板片Gaskets

胶垫Frames框架Technologicalbenefits技术优势2Dettaäretttest!ManufactoryinChina中国组装工厂3Dettaäretttest!AlfaLaval40%Tranter

&

SWEP13%GEA11%APVSystems10%Hisaka5%Sondex4%APISchmidt-

Bretten3%Others14%CompactHEMarket(1350M€)紧凑型换热器市场份额540M€170M€150M€130M€70M€60M€40M€190M€HeatExchangerMarket换热器市场份额CoolingTowers15%冷却塔CompactHEs15%紧凑型AirProducts13%空气换热装置Others12%其他类型Shell&Tube45%列管式4000M€1350M€1350M€1200M€1100M€TotalHEMarket(9000M€)整个换热器市场份额4Dettaäretttest!MostcommonapplicationsESEBiotech生物技术Pharmaceutical制药SolventRecovery溶剂回收Pasteurization巴氏杀菌EvaporationCondensation蒸发冷凝CIPWaterSystemWFI/PW/RO/SO/DIHeating&Cooling加热冷却Beverage饮料Dairy乳品5Dettaäretttest!

ALPHE

rangeSlide6Dettaäretttest!AlfaLavalHeatExchangers

AlfaLaval换热器“ESEheatexchangers”卫生领域常用换热器Gasketed

胶垫式Singlewall单板式Double-wall焊接双板式Gemini非焊接双板式Semi-welded半焊式Tubular管式Shell&Tube列管式Tube-in-Tube管套管式Brazed钎焊式CopperBrazed铜焊式FusionBonded熔焊式“AlfaLavalOtherHeatExchangers”其他类型的换热器SpiralCompablockConthermAlfaRexAlfaVapAlfaCond(Airproducts)7Dettaäretttest!AlfaLaval’sHistoricalBase

AlfaLaval公司发展历程187819311917ThecontinuousmilkseparatordevelopedbyGustafdeLavalGustafdeLaval发明牛奶连续分离机Plateheatexchangersdevelopedtoimprovepasteurisationprocess板式换热器的发明改进了巴氏杀菌工艺Thefirstvacuum-operatedmilkingMachine第一个真空吸奶机8Dettaäretttest!PHE–maincomponents

板式换热器主要组成部分和功能carryingbar导杆pressurePlate压力板platewithgasket板片和胶垫tighteningbolts收紧螺栓frameplate框架板9Dettaäretttest!PHE-flowprinciple板式换热器:交换原理Clickonanimationtoplayagain10Dettaäretttest!Plate-corrugationfunction板片:波纹的作用Mechanical机械方面Providesupportpoints形成支撑点Allowsthinmaterial提高强度,使板片更薄Flowdynamic

流体力学Createshighturbulence

加大流体湍流Highefficiency

提高换热效率Minimizefouling

避免堵塞Cork-screwflow

螺旋流动11Dettaäretttest!接触点12Dettaäretttest!HeatTransferredinaHE板式换热器的热交换原理Thetemperatureprofileatonepointoftheplatewall板片壁面上任一点的温度剖面图板厚流动方向

T1,热侧温度T2,Bulktemperatureoncoldside热侧流动方向冷测总的热量的传递(Q)由两边的温差推动T4Moreturbulence湍流越厉害

Thinnerlaminarfilm层流层越薄Lesstemperaturedrop更小的温度损失BetterHeatTransfer更好的热传递T313Dettaäretttest!Plate-corrugationandchannels

板片:波纹和通道L:LowthetaL:小夹角

H:HighthetaH:大夹角Twoplatecorrugations(LandH)不同的波纹(LandH)L+L=LchannelsL+L=

L通道L+H=MchannelsL+H=

M通道H+H=HchannelsH+H=

H

通道Theseformthreedifferentchannels(L,MandH)不同的流道(L,MandH)14Dettaäretttest!Plate-parallelflow板片:平行流15Dettaäretttest!Plate-parallelflow板片:平行流Parallelflowadvantages平行流的优点Oneplate&onegasket只须一种板片和胶垫Identicalplatesintheplatepack

用同样的板片组成整套板片组Rotated180ºtoachievebothsides转动180度就可以是下一张板片Lesssparesrequired更小的维修保养空间Fullysupporteddiagonal板片之间更好地支撑Higherdesignpressureorthinnerplatematerial可以达到更高的设计压力和使用更薄的板片Nocrossingofnozzles板孔不会磨损180ºParallelflowconfigurationisachievedthroughthechocolatepattern平行流是通过阿法拉伐专利技术巧克力壮分流区来达到更好的传热效果的16Dettaäretttest!Plate-distributionarea板片:分流区Chocolatepattern

巧克力壮分流区Distributesflowevenlyovertheplate

均匀地分配流体SamePfordistanceAandB

A段和B段同样的压差

PUsesaminimumofPfordistribution

流体经过分流区压力损失最少GivesmorePforefficientheattransfer

使更多的压力降用来推动更高的湍流Allowsparallelflowconfiguration

使平行流成为现实AlfaLavalinnovationAlfaLaval的创新和专利ABAvoidsdead-spotsinthefarcorner

避免在远区产生死角Fulluseofheattransferarea

充分利用板片的换热面积Nofoulinginstagnantzones

不会在死角处形成沉积物的堆积进而对板片腐蚀17Dettaäretttest!Plate–materials板片－材料Standardmaterialsandthicknesses标准材料及厚度AISI304(stainlesssteel)304不锈钢Usually0.4or0.5mmthickness通常厚度为0.4或0.5mmCheapestpossiblesolution最为便宜AISI316(stainlesssteel)316不锈钢Always0.5and0.6mm通常厚度为0.5或0.6mmSomewiththickerplates(high-pressureapplications)高压工况时厚度较厚254SMO(high-alloystainlesssteel)合金SMO254Usuallyin0.6mmtoallowstock-keeping通常库存都是0.6mm厚度Titanium钛板Always0.5and0.6mm通常是0.5或0.6mmSomewiththickerplates(high-pressureapplications)高压工况时厚度较厚SomePHEswith0.4mm(low-pressureapplications)

有些低压工况时板片厚度0.4mmAlloyC-276(Nickelalloy)合金C-276（镍基合金）Usuallyin0.6mmtoallowstock-keeping通常的库存都是0.6mm厚度100%115%250%300%600%Relative

Price相对价格18Dettaäretttest!Plate–materials板片－材料Standardmaterialsandtypicaluses标准材料及其典型应用AISI304304不锈钢Typicallyincleanwater-waterduties干净的水－水工况Example,upto50ppmchloridesat50°C50°C下50ppm的氯离子浓度AISI316316不锈钢Typicallyinwater-waterduties普通的水－水工况Example,upto250ppmchloridesat50°C50°C下250ppm的氯离子浓度254SMO(high-alloystainlesssteel)254SMO不锈钢Manyusesincludinghigh-chloridewater-waterduties多数应用在氯离子浓度较高的水－水工况中Example,upto6000ppmchloridesat50°C50°C下6000ppm的氯离子浓度Titanium钛板Mostfrequentuseisforseawater(3.5%chlorides)海水中换热工况（3.5%氯离子）Example,upto130°Cinseawater130°C下海水工况AlloyC-276(Nickelalloy)镍基合金C-276Mostfrequentuseisforconcentratedsulphuricacidupto90°C通常应用在90°C下高浓度的硫酸19Dettaäretttest!Plate–materials板片－材料Commonexoticmaterials稀有金属材料Notalwaysinstock通常不做库存CheckwithSupplyUnitbeforequotingandconfirmbeforeorder报价和订单前务必和工厂联系确认904Lisanalternativeto254SMOinsomeapplications某些工况下904L可以替代254SMONickel200/201ismainlyforsodiumhydroxideproduction氢氧化钠工业生产中经常用到镍合金200/201TitaniumPalladium钛钯合金Forseawaterathightemperature(>130°C)海水中温度大于>130°CForhighconcentratedchloridebrinesathightemperature高温高浓的氯离子溶液AlloyG-30isusedinthesulphuricacidapplication(scrubber)G-30应用在硫酸工业中AlloyD-205isexclusivelyforconcentratedsulphuricacid>90°CD205高浓硫酸中温度高于90°CManymoreareusedlessfrequentlyonacase-by-casebasis具体问题具体对待20Dettaäretttest!Plate–material板片－材料Howtoknowwhichplatematerialtouse?如何知晓材料的选择ApplicationManual应用手册ContacttheMarketSegment和市场部联系Testingwithsmalltest-piecesinthecustomersprocess对客户样品进行测试21Dettaäretttest!Gasket-advancedsealingsystem

胶垫:先进的防泄漏功能Longlastinggaskets!更长使用寿命的胶垫!...orglue-freegasketthatdonotmixsealing

andfasteningfunction双组分环氧胶或免粘胶卡扣式胶垫Twocomponentoven-curedepoxyglue“Roof-top”

gasketprofile“屋顶形”

结构的胶垫Supportingand

protectinggasketGroove胶垫的支撑和保护凹槽GasketmaterialfromcertifiedSuppliers由全球经认证的供货商提供高质量的原材料Homogeneousrubbergasketmadeinonepiece均一的橡胶成分

22Dettaäretttest!Gasket-profileandgroove胶垫:形状和凹槽ProfileCompetitor

其他厂家AlfaLavalGrooveHighersealingpressure

屋顶性结构产生更大的密封压力Riskofleakage.泄漏的风险Fullsupport

togasket

凹槽全面保护胶垫防止被高压吹出Openings.Riskofgasketblow-out.被高压吹出的风险

Thedifferenceislifetimeandreliability两者的不同就是使用的寿命和可靠性23Dettaäretttest!Gasket-gluefreefastening胶垫:免粘胶卡扣式胶垫Fasteningandsealingarekeptseparate

密封和固定功能分开Iftheoneofthefastenerbreaks,thegasketstillstayssealed固定功能失效并不影响胶垫的密封功能Clip-on卡扣Snap-on嵌入Sealing密封Fastening固定24Dettaäretttest!Gasket-gluedfastening胶垫－胶粘式紧固AlfaLavaluses2-componentovencuredepoxyglueAlfaLaval使用双组分烤化的环氧胶Averagegasketlifetimeinyearsforthesameapplication,openedonceayear相同工况下一年打开一次，胶垫的平均寿命Rubberglue普通的胶粘Years年Rubberglueovencured

带胶粘的烤化胶2-componentepoxyglue,ovencured双组分环氧烤化胶510AlfaLavalCompetitors其他厂家25Dettaäretttest!Gasket-gluedversusglue-free

胶垫－胶粘和非胶粘Shouldbethechoiceofthecustomer

以客户为导向...BUTgluedispreferred:

但是在以下几种情况下建议胶粘Onlargeplates

大型号Whenunitsareopenedfrequently

经常拆洗Onhighpressureduties

高压负荷Whenthegasketwillbeswellingduetochemicalattack

物料对胶垫略有溶涨26Dettaäretttest!Gasket–materials

胶垫－材料Thechoiceofrubbermaterialdependson

胶垫材料的选择需要考虑以下几个方面Fluids-chemicalattackornot

流体－是否和胶垫间有化学腐蚀Thecombinationoftemperatureandpressure操作温度和压力Rubbermaterialschangepropertiesdueto

胶垫发生性质改变Time-therubberrelaxes

时间－胶垫的Temperature-therubberdeteriorates

温度－胶垫的老化Hardeningbyattackofoxidisingagents(e.g.,oxygeninair)

氧化剂致使的胶垫脆化Swellingorsofteningbyabsorptionofchemicalsinthefluids

溶涨和软化Commongaskettypes

常见的几种型号Nitrile

丁腈橡胶EPDM

三元乙丙橡胶FKM

氟橡胶27Dettaäretttest!Frame-M15andlarger

框架-M15或更大Carryingbarinaluminiumorpaintedcarbonsteel

上导杆材质为铝或碳钢Supportcolumninaluminiumorpaintedcarbonsteel

支架为铝或者碳钢Guidingbarinstainless

steel

下导杆为不锈钢材质Carryingbars上导杆Supportcolumns

支架Guidingbars

下导杆28Dettaäretttest!Frame-M15andlarger

框架-M15或更大Rolleronpressureplateto

alloweasyopeningandclosing带动压紧板的移动，更加容易地打开和关闭板式换热器29Dettaäretttest!Frame-paintingsystems框架:喷涂工艺Standard标准Sandblasting喷砂Primer-2partepoxy底漆Finish-2partepoxy面漆90-135microns90-135mmSpecial特殊Sandblasting喷砂Primer-zincrichepoxy含锌底漆2coatings-ironoxideepoxy两层氧化铁环氧漆Finish-2partpolyurethane聚亚安酯面漆

240-315microns240-315mmChoiceofcolours选择油漆Choiceoftestedpaintsystems测试,定出工艺的厚度Examples,SpecificallydevelopedforPHE对板式换热器尤其重要Toothick

Paintiscrushedbehindend-plates太厚

油漆会被板片挤坏=导致框架腐蚀!ToothinInadequateprotection太薄

得不到保护=同样导致腐蚀!AlfaLavalsystembalanceshardness&thicknessAlfaLaval很好地平衡二者的关系30Dettaäretttest!Unique5-pointalignmentsystem

全球独一无二的五点定位系统Providesexactpositioning

oftheplateshorizontally

andvertically为板片的拆装提供水平和垂直精准的定位Ensuresgoodsealing

throughouttheplatepack确保整套板片良好的密封

Carryingbar上导杆Guiding

bar

下导杆PlateFrame-M15andlarger框架:定位系统31Dettaäretttest!Frame-M15andlarger

框架-M15及以上型号Tighteningboltstoalloweasyopening轻松地拆装—Bolthead

螺栓头 —Bearingbox轴承 —Plasticcover塑胶保护套 —Lockwasher止推垫片 —Nut螺母 —Rolledthread螺纹32Dettaäretttest!Boltheadfixated固定的螺栓头Doesnotloosenwhenopening开启时不会松脱Lockwasher止推垫片Preventsbolttofalloutduringtighteningandopening防止收紧时掉下Frame-M15andlarger框架-M15及以上型号Tiltedboltopening螺栓侧取式Preventsboltstofalloutwhenloose防止拆装时掉下Tighteningboltstoalloweasyopening更容易地收紧和拆开33Dettaäretttest!Frame-M15andlarger

框架－M15及以上型号OnemancanopenandclosealargePHEusingstandardtools使用标准的工具,一个人可以轻松拆装一台板式换热器Serviceability维护方便Lessdowntime缩短停机时间Safety更加安全Longerlifetime更长的使用寿命34Dettaäretttest!Smallerunitsrequireslessfeatures

小型号在设计上的独特点相对较少Smallermeanseasiertohandle

型号小意味着操作简单Costefficiencyimportant

成本因素Frame-M10andsmaller

M10及以下型号Appropriateboltingsystem

合适的螺栓连接系统Lesstighteningforcesrequired

需要较小的力Tiltedboltopening螺栓侧取式Wearingwasherinplastic塑料防护套Lockwasher

止推垫片Fixatedbolthead固定的螺栓头35Dettaäretttest!Frame-connectionsandlinings

框架－接口和内衬Studboltsaroundtheconnection

接口周围螺栓ConnectionpipesareboltedtothePHE

接管通过螺栓连接到板式换热器Threedifferenttypesoflinings

三种不同的内衬Unlined

无内衬Cheapestpossible

最便宜Cleanwaterduties干净水质的工况Rubberlining橡胶内衬Lowcost

成本较低Limitedintemperature

耐受温度受到影响NBRandEPDM

丁腈和三元乙丙橡胶Metallining金属内衬Moreexpensive

价格较贵Industrialuse工业用Sameasplatematerial

和板片材质相同36Dettaäretttest!Forsafeandeasyliftingoftheunitinmanufacturingandatsite使得板换在生产和操作车间的安装安全简易OnallunitsexceptM3

除M3以外所有型号均配有Frame-liftingholes

框架－起吊孔37Dettaäretttest!Frame-pressurevesselcodes

框架－压力容器等级AllPHEsavailableasstandardwith

所有的型号的板式换热器都有：PED

欧洲标准DINandANSIconnectionstandard

接口标准DIN和ANSIASME

美国标准AlwaysANSIconnectionsstandard

接口标准ANSI38Dettaäretttest!Customerbenefits

客户获益Feature特点Advantage优点Benefits好处Costsavings成本节约Singlestepplatepressing一次性压制成型GreateruniformityMinimumphysicalstress应力最小.Secureconstantgasketgroove.保护胶垫槽同一性ThermalefficiencyStrongerandthinnerplates.提高传热性能Longgasketlifetime.较长的胶垫使用寿命OperationalCapital操作成本Maintenance维护成本Distributionarea(chocolatepattern)巧克力分布区Nodeadspots.消除死点Optimaluseofplatearea.优化使用板片面积Minimalfoulingandcorrosion.减小结垢腐蚀Superiorheattransfer.提高传热效率MaintenanceCapital维护成本Herringbonepattern人字波结构Increased

turbulence.增强湍流Manycontactpoints.形成接触点Efficientheattransferandlessfouling.较高的传热性能减小结垢Strongerandthinnermaterial.提高强度,使板片更薄Highdesignpressure.较高的工作高压MaintenanceOperationalCapital操作成本，维护成本Platespressedallthewaytotheedge整个板片一次压制切割而成Correctalignmentofplates.板片准确定位Noleakage.无泄漏Easytoassemble.方便组装Maintenance维护成本Reinforcedupperandlowerhangar上，下悬挂区强化Easyslidingofplates方便板片滑动Longerlifetime.提高使用寿命Easyopeningandclosingofplatepack.方便拆装Maintenance维护成本39Dettaäretttest!Customerbenefits

客户获益Feature

特点Advantage

优点Benefit

好处Costsavings

成本节约Roof-topgasket屋顶形胶垫Bestsealingcapability最好的密封效果Minimizedriskforleakage把泄漏危险降至最低Maintenance维护成本Continuousgasketgroove.连续的胶垫槽Protectsagainstgasketblowouts.Higherpressureratings高压时防止胶垫吹出Longergasketlifetime.Minimumofunexpectedshutdowns延长胶垫使用寿命，减小停机Maintenance维护成本Advancedgasketdesignwithslitopening领先的泄漏腔设计Immediateexternalleakdetection泄漏发生可在外部检测到Highsafety高安全性Operationandmaintenance操