国际交流英语视听说4-U5-听力原文及翻译

U5Listening1DaveMartin:HelloandwelcometoMoneyMatters.I’myourhost,DaveMartin.Tonightwe’reveryluckytohaveDr.ReginaSimmonsoftheSimmonsInstituteherewithustotalkaboutmoneyandhappiness.Asusual,we’llbetakingcallsfromyou,thelisteners.IfyouhaveaquestionforDr.Simmons,pleasecallin.Goodevening,Dr.Simmons.Dr.Simmons:Goodevening,Dave.It’sgreattobehere.DaveMartin:Thepleasure’sours.Dr.Simmons,letmestartbyaskingyouthisquestion:What’stherelationshipbetweenmoneyandhappiness?Dr.Simmons:Well,Dave,arecentstudybypsychologistElizabethDunnattheUniversityofBritishColumbiaseemstoshowthat—formostofus—whatmakesushappyisgivingmoneyaway,notspendingitonourselves.That’swhatDunnsaidinarecentinterviewwithNationalGeographic.DaveMartin:Really?Howdidshediscoverthat?Dr.Simmons:Well,itwaswhenDr.Dunnstartedmakingmoremoney—uh,whenshegotajobasaprofessor.Shestartedtogetinterestedinwhethermoneycouldbuyhappinessornot.Shewantedtousetheextramoneyshewasmakinginwaysthatwouldbringherhappiness.Dr.Simmons:Asascientist,shelookedforstudiesandresearchonthesubjectofmoneyanditsrelationshiptohappiness.Tohersurprise,verylittleinformationonthesubjectexisted.SoDr.Dunndecidedtodosomescientificresearchtoseeifpeoplemightgetmorehappinessfromusingtheirmoneytohelpotherpeople,ratherthanthemselves.DaveMartin:Uh-huh.Andhowdidsheresearchthistopic?Dr.Simmons:That’sagoodquestion.Letmegiveyouanexample.Inoneofherfirststudies,Dr.Dunnandherfellowresearchersgaveagroupofpeopleasmallamountofmoneyinthemorning.Theyaskedsomeofthepeopletospenditonotherpeople,andsometospenditonthemselves.Dr.Simmons:Attheendoftheday,theresearchersinterviewedeveryone.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthepeoplewhospentthemoneyonotherpeoplewerehappierthanthosewhohadspentitonthemselves.Sincethen,Dr.Dunnhascompletedalotofotherresearchonmoneyandhappiness.DaveMartin:Hasshe?Oh,excuseme,butIthinkwehaveourfirstcaller.Hello,you’reontheair.Caller1:Uh,hello,Iwantedtoknowwhataresomeofthemistakespeoplemightmakeiftheytrytobuyhappinesswithmoney.DaveMartin:Thankyou,caller.Dr.Simmons?Dr.Simmons:Yes,well,oneverycommonerroristomakeamajorpurchasesuchasabighousethatyoucan’treallyafford.Manypeoplesimplyassumethatowninganexpensiveitem—ahomeoracar—willmakethemhappy.But,youknow,buyingahomeisabigfinancialcommitment,andinfactpeopleoftengodeepintodebttobuyone.Actually,therearenostatisticstoprovethatowningahomemakespeoplehappy.DaveMartin:Isee.Arethereotherstudiesrelatingmoneyandhappiness?Dr.Simmons:Oh,sure.AnotherinterestingstudywasrecentlydonebyresearchersLeafVanBovenandTomGilovich.Theylookedatthevalueofspendingmoneyonexperiences.Peoplecanbuyitemssuchascars,houses,clothes,andDVDs.Butexperiencesaredifferentfromotheritemsthatpeoplepurchase.Forexample,vacations,concerts,orlanguagelessonsareexperiences.So,anyway,thesescientistsusedsurveystoaskpeoplehowtheyfeltabouttheitemstheyboughtcomparedtotheexperiencestheybought.Well,theresearchersdiscoveredthatmoneyspentonexperiencesmadepeoplehappierthanmoneyspentonitems.Thereasonforthisisprobablybecauseexperiencesaremoremeaningfultoaperson,andtheycontributemoretosuccessfulsocialrelationships.DaveMartin:Interesting!Oh,wehaveanothercallerontheline.Goahead,caller.Caller2:Hello.Myquestionishowmuchmoneydoyouneedtobehappy.DaveMartin:Howaboutthat,Dr.Simmons?Howmuchmoneydoweneed?Dr.Simmons:Well,OK,obviouslythat’snotaneasyquestiontoanswer.Peopleliketosaythat“thebestthingsinlifearefree”,whichimpliesthatmoneydoesn’tmattertohappiness.Andweallknowthat’snottrue.Moneyisdefinitelynotthemostimportantcomponentofhappiness,butatthesametime,havingnomoneycandefinitelyaffecthappiness.Dr.Simmons:Therewasaveryinterestingstudyrecentlydonebyaneconomist,AngusDeaton,andapsychologistnamedDanielKahneman.Theywantedtoknowwhethermoremoneymeansmorehappiness.Theyanalyzedsurveyswrittenbythousandsofpeople.Theirresearchdemonstratedsomeveryinterestingthingsaboutmoney.Onceapersonearnsmorethan$75,000ayear,makingmoremoneyceasestosignificantlychangeone’slevelofhappiness.DaveMartin:So,inotherwords,afterapersonearnsmorethan$75,000ayear,moremoneydoesn’thaveabigeffectonyoureverydayhappiness.Dr.Simmons:Exactly.Thethingthat’simportanttorememberisthis:It’snotabouthowmuchmoneyyouhave.Whenitcomestomoney,it’swhatyoudowiththemoneythatcanpromoteyourhappiness—especiallyifyouuseittohelpothersandtohaveyourownenjoyableexperiences.DaveMartin:Thankyouverymuch,Dr.Simmons.We’regoingtopausenowforashortcommercialbreak.戴夫·马丁:大家好,欢迎来到钱很重要。我是你的主人,戴夫·马丁。今晚我们非常幸运有西蒙斯学院的ReginaSimmons博士在这里与我们谈论金钱与幸福。像往常一样,我们会把电话从你的听众。Simmons博士,如果你有问题请致电。晚上好,西蒙斯博士。Simmons博士:晚上好,戴夫。很高兴来到这里。戴夫·马丁:是我们的荣幸才对。Simmons博士,首先,让我问你这个问题:金钱与幸福之间的关系是什么?Simmons博士:嗯,戴夫,最近的一项研究在英国哥伦比亚大学的心理学家伊丽莎白·邓恩似乎显示,尽管我们大多数人捐钱让我们快乐,不花钱。这就是邓恩与《国家地理》在最近的一次采访中表示。戴夫·马丁:真的吗?她是怎么发现的?Simmons博士:嗯,当邓恩博士开始更多的money-uh,当她找到了一份工作作为一个教授。她开始变得感兴趣是否金钱可以买到幸福。她想用额外的钱的方式将她的幸福。Simmons博士:作为一个科学家,她寻找的主题研究和研究金钱和幸福的关系。出乎她的意料,很少信息主体的存在。所以邓恩博士决定做一些科学研究,看看人们会得到更多的幸福从使用他们的钱来帮助别人,而不是自己。戴夫·马丁:嗯。和她怎么研究这个主题?Simmons博士:这是个好问题。让我给你举个例子。在她的第一个研究中,邓恩博士和她的同事们给一群人少量的钱。他们要求一些人把钱花在其他的人,和一些人把钱花在自己身上。losethose,there’snowaytogetyourmoneyback.Tina:Bytheway,here’satriviaquestionforyou.Whichcamefirst—thecreditcardorthedebitcard?James:Idon’tknow.Donna:Ithinkdebitcardsprobablycamefirst.Tina:Actually,creditcardsprecededdebitcards.Thefirstcreditcardscameoutinthe1950s,Ithink,andthefirstdebitcardscameoutinthe1970s.James:Really?That’sinteresting.I’llhavetolookthatuponline.Donna:I’mthinkingabouttakingoutaloantohelpmebuyacar,soIdon’thavetotakethesubwayanymore.Doyouthinkit’sagoodidea?Tina:Oh,Idon’tknow.Ifyou’recapableofpayingitbackrightaway,thenitmightbeOK.James:Thatremindsme,Ireadaboutaninterestingwayofborrowingandlendingmoney.It’scalledpeer-to-peerlending.Youmightwanttocheckitout,Donna.Donna:Howdoesitwork?James:It’ssimple.Yougoonlineandcreatealoanrequest,explainingwhyyouneedthemoneyandhowyouplantorepaytheloan.Butit’snotbanksorfinanceprofessionalswhoassistyou—it’sindividuals.Apersonwilldecideiflendyouthesumyourequest.Tina:Doesthatreallywork?James:It’sworkedforalotofpeople.There’sevenaservicethatlendsmoneytopeopleindevelopingcountries.Theloansareusuallyprettysmall,butevenso,it’ssurprisinghowmucha$50loancanhelpsomeone.Sometimesitcanbuyalotwhenit’sexchangedforlocalcurrency.Donna:Hmm,well,Iwouldonlydoitiftheinterestontheloanandthefeeswereverylow.James:Thosevaryalot,dependingontheWebsite.Youshoulddosomeresearchfirst.Hey,youknowwhat,we’vebeenwaitingforawhilenow.I’mhungry!Donna,Tina,let’sgototheplaceacrossthestreet.I’llpayforlunchtoday.Donna:Really?Thanks,James!Tina:That’ssoniceofyou.Nexttime,I’llpayforlunchinstead,allright?詹姆斯:这地方太拥挤的今天。我们真的要在这里吃,蒂娜?我只有半个小时吃午饭。我们不能去隔壁的地方吗?只用现金的,动作快。蒂娜:我真的很抱歉,詹姆斯,但我没有任何现金。我计划使用借记卡吃午饭,和在这里没有自动取款机。唐娜:你知道,我很少去自动取款机了。我刚刚在超市拿回现金。此外,我用借记卡支付几乎所有或某种储值卡card-especially在地铁里或在咖啡店。詹姆斯:我也一样,唐娜。你们两个会使用信用卡吗?蒂娜:我有一个,但它只对紧急情况。尽管信用卡是有用的,我认为他们是危险的。很容易陷入债务。这就像给消费者一个陷阱。多娜:我知道。实际上,所有这些电子支付系统我有点担心。我的意思是,如果有人知道了很多关于计算机和数字如何偷钱从我的银行帐户,或者是得到我的信用卡号码和用它来买东西吗?詹姆斯:你担心得太多了。银行账户是安全的,和信用卡公司不让你支付如果有人偷了你的信用卡和使用它。但坚持做你储值卡。如果你失去了这些,没有办法拿回你的钱。蒂娜:顺便问一下,这里有一个小问题问你。这是第一信用卡或借记卡吗?詹姆斯:我不知道。唐娜:我认为借记卡可能是第一位的。蒂娜:实际上,信用卡之前借记卡。第一个信用卡出现在1950年代,我认为,第一个借记卡在1970年代。詹姆斯:真的吗?这很有趣。我得查一下网上。多娜:我想借钱帮助我买一辆车,所以,我不需要坐地铁了。你认为这是一个好主意吗?蒂娜:噢,我不知道。如果你能支付它,那么它可能是好的。詹姆斯:这倒提醒了我,我读到一个有趣的借款和贷款的方式。它被称为点对点借贷。你可能想看看,唐娜。多娜:它是如何工作的呢?詹姆斯:这很简单。你上网和创建一个贷款请求,解释为什么你需要钱,你计划如何偿还贷款。但这不是银行或金融专业人士帮助你的人。一个人将决定如果借给你总和你的请求。蒂娜:这真的有效吗?詹姆斯:这是为很多人工作。甚至有一个服务,借钱给发展中国家的人们。贷款通常很小,但即便如此,出人意料的是,一个50美元的贷款可以帮助别人。有时它可以买很多的时候兑换当地货币。多娜:嗯,好吧,我只会做它如果贷款的利息和费用很低。詹姆斯:这些变化很多,根据不同的网站。你应该先做些研究准备准备。嘿,你知道,我们现在已经等了一段时间。我饿了!唐娜,蒂娜,让我们去街对面的地方。我将支付今天的午餐。唐娜:真的吗?谢谢你,詹姆斯!蒂娜:你真是太好了。下一次,我将支付午餐,好吗?1.Wherearethepeople?a.Atarestaurant.2.Whatpaymentcardsdothespeakersusethemost?b.Debitandstored-valuecards.3.AccordingtoTina,whyarecreditcardsdangerous?c.It’seasytogetintodebtifyouhaveacreditcard.4.Whatistheproblemwithstored-valuecards?b.Ifthey’relost,theirvaluecannotbereplaced.5.Whichstatementaboutpeer-to-peerlendingiscorrect?c.Itallowsindividualstoloanmoneydirectlytootherindividuals.1。人在哪里?在餐馆。2。演讲者使用最付款卡做什么?b。借记卡和储值卡。3所示。根据蒂娜,为什么信用卡的危险?c。很容易进入债务如果你有一个信用卡。4所示。储值卡的问题是什么?b。如果他们输了,他们的价值不能被取代。5。对点对点的借贷是正确的?c。它允许个人直接向其他个人贷款资金。Listening2-1CreditcarddebtisamajorproblemintheUnitedStates.Theaveragedebtperhouseholdisreportedtobeabout$15,799,andtheunpaidcreditcardbillsinarecentyeartotaledaround69billiondollars.KellyJonesgotherselfindebtbyusing10creditcards,butsherecentlyceasedusingthemcompletely.Topayoffher$15,000debt,Jonesworks64hoursaweekattwojobs.Shestartedadebtmanagementplan,andhopestopayoffherbillsinsevenyears.Shewillnolongerpurchaseunnecessaryitems.“IhavenoideawhatIbought.Ihavenothingtoshowforit,”shesays.Now,Joneswarnsyoungpeoplenottorepeathererrors,andtellsthemaboutwhatcanhappeniftheyrelyoncreditcardstoomuch.FinancialcounselorsaskpeoplewhoareindebtlikeKellyJonestocutupalloftheircreditcards.Thisisjustonecomponentofaprocesstohelpclientspaytheirbills.Counselorsdisplaythecut-upcardstodemonstratethatpeoplearenotalone.Cuttingupcreditcardsshowsthecommitmentthathundredsofpeoplehavemadetocontroltheirspending.Eachyearmillionsofpeopleseekhelptogetoutofdebt.Manyofthesepeoplereceivecounselingandeducationtopromotebettermoneymanagement.信用卡债务是一个大问题在美国。每个家庭的平均债务报告约15799美元,和未支付的信用卡账单在最近一年总计约690亿美元。凯利琼斯得到了自己的债务通过使用10信用卡,但最近她完全停止使用它们。来偿还15000美元债务,琼斯在两份工作每周工作64个小时。她开始一个债务管理计划,并希望在七年内偿还她的账单。她将不再购买不必要的商品。“我不知道我买了什么。我没有什么成果,”她说。现在,琼斯提醒年轻人不要重复自己的错误,并告诉他们会发生什么,如果他们依赖信用卡太多。金融顾问问人的债务像凯利琼斯切碎他们所有的信用卡。这只是一个过程的一个组成部分,以帮助客户支付他们的账单。辅导员显示切好的卡片证明人们并不孤单。剪碎信用卡显示了数百人的承诺来控制他们的支出。每年数以百万计的人们摆脱债务寻求帮助。很多人接受咨询和教育促进更好的资金管理。1.WhyiscreditcarddebtamajorproblemintheUnitedStates?Becausetheaveragedebtperhouseholdisalreadyabout$15,799,andtheunpaidcreditcardbillsinarecentyearhastotaledaround69billiondollars.2.WhydidKellyceaseusingallhercreditcardsrecently?Becausesheowesthecreditcardcompaniesalotofmoneyandsheisworkingattwojobsinordertopayherdebt.3.WhatstepshasKellytakentopayoffhercreditcarddebt?Topayoffher$15,000debt,Kellyworks64hoursaweekattwojobs.Shestartedadebtmanagementplan,andhopestopayoffherbillsinsevenyears.Shewillnolongerpurchaseunnecessaryitems.4.Whatdofinancialcounselorsadvisepeopleindebttodo?FinancialcounselorsaskpeoplewhoareindebtlikeKellyJonestocutupalloftheircreditcards.5.Accordingtothecounselors,whatdoescuttingupcreditcardsshow?Cuttingupcreditcardsshowsthecommitmentthathundredsofpeoplehavemadetocontroltheirspending.1。为什么信用卡债务是一个严重的问题在美国?因为每个家庭的平均债务已经约15799美元,和未支付的信用卡账单在最近的一年总计约690亿美元。2。为什么凯利最近停止使用所有她的信用卡吗?因为她欠信用卡公司很多钱,她是在两份工作来支付她的债务。3所示。凯利已经什么步骤来偿还她的信用卡债务?来偿还15000美元债务,凯利在两份工作每周工作64个小时。她开始一个债务管理计划,并希望在七年内偿还她的账单。她将不再购买不必要的商品。4所示。债务的金融顾问建议人们做什么?金融顾问问人的债务像凯利琼斯切碎他们所有的信用卡。5。根据辅导员,剪碎信用卡显示什么?剪碎信用卡显示了数百人的承诺来控制他们的支出。Listening2-2Interviewer:Theworld’sfinancialcrisisshowsthatthewayindividualsmanagetheirmoneycanaffectthewholeworld.Still,manypeopleareunsureofhowthecrisisbegan.I’mspeakingwitheconomistKenLonoff.Mr.Lonoff,wheredidthecrisisbegin?Interviewee:ItbeganintheUnitedStates.Asyouknow,mostpeoplewanttobuytheirownhome,butveryfewpeoplecanpayinpapercurrency—cash,thatis.Bankshavetohelptheseconsumersbyloaningthemmoneytobuythings.Peopleneedtomeetcertaincriteriatogetaloan.Forexample,theyneedtohaveajobandbeabletopaytheirbills.Interviewer:So,howexactlydidthiscrisisbegin?Interviewee:Well,intheyearsthatprecededthecrisis,theeconomywasgood.F