Lesson21DanielMendoze知识点讲义-高中英语新概念第三册

BoxingmatcheswereverypopularinEnglandtwohundredyearsago.Inthosedays,boxersfoughtwithbarefistsforprizemoney.两百年前，拳击比赛在英国非常盛行。当时，拳击手们不戴手套，为争夺奖金而搏斗。race（速度类的比赛）match(两组对抗，角逐类的比赛)box(v.)打拳击——boxing(n.)拳击——boxer(n.)拳击手bepopular(adj.)——beinpopularity(n.)流行Inthosedays=Atthattime在那时fight(v.)打仗，战斗foughtfoughtbare(adj.)裸露的eg.barefist光着拳头（不戴手套）barefisted(adj.)赤手空拳的barefooted(adj.)光着脚的barelegged(adj.)光腿的barenecked(adj.)露出脖子的bareheaded(adj.)不戴帽子的2、Becauseofthis,theywereknownas‘prizefighters'.However,boxingwasverycrude,（forthesewerenorulesandaprizefightercouldbeseriouslyinjuredorevenkilledduringamatch.原因状语从句）因此，他们被称作“职业拳击手”。不过，拳击是十分野蛮的，因为当时没有任何比赛规则，职业拳击手有可能在比赛中受重伤，甚至丧命。crude(adj.)粗鲁的，野蛮的，粗俗的eg.acrudejoke/manner一个粗鲁的笑话/行为天然的，未经提炼的eg.crudesugar粗糖crudeoil原油3、OneofthemostcolourfulfiguresinboxinghistorywasDanielMendoza,（whowasbornin1764.定语从句）拳击史上最引人注目的人物之一是丹尼尔.门多萨，他生于1764年。Oneofthemostcolourfulfigures=Oneofthemostfamouspeople/persons(Oneof+复数名词+单数的谓语动词)wasborn出生于（被动语态的结构，表主动的意思）figure(n.)人物eg.apoliticalfigure政治人物ahistoricalfigure历史人物apublicfigure公众人物4、Theuseofgloveswasnotintroduceduntil1860,(whentheMarquisofQueensberrydrewupthefirstsetofrules.时间状语从句)1860年昆斯伯里侯爵第一次为拳击比赛制定了规则，拳击比赛这才用上了手套。introduce(v.)介绍，引进=bringinuntil(prep.)直到+（时间点）：时间段not…until…直到…才…draw(v.)抽出，取出，拔出——drawer(n.)抽屉eg.drawthesword拔剑drawalotteryticket抽彩票drawup起草，草拟eg.drawupacontract/plan/listasetof一套，一组eg.asetofbooks/tools一套书/工具asetofproblems一系列问题5、（Thoughhewastechnicallyaprizefighter,让步状语从句）Mendozadidmuchtochangecrudeprizefightingintoasport,（forhebroughtsciencetothegame.原因状语从句）虽然门多萨严格来讲不过是个职业拳击手，但在把这种粗野的拳击变成一种体育运动方面，他作出了重大贡献。是他把科学引进了这项运动。changeAintoB把A变成B6、Inhisday,Mendozaenjoyedtremendouspopularity.Hewasadoredbyrichandpooralike.门多萨在的全盛时期深受大家欢迎，无论是富人还是穷人都对他祟拜备至。Inhisday=Inhisgoodday=Inhisfulltimepopularity(n.)名望，声望——popular(adj.)流行的enjoytremendouspopularity享有（巨大的）胜誉adore(v.)喜欢=love=like=beinterestedin=takeinterestin=befondof=beinto=becrazyabout=befasinatedintherich富人thepoor穷人theyoung年轻人theold老年人alike（adv.）一样地=similarly=equally=aswell=inthesameway7、Mendozarosetofameswiftlyafteraboxingmatch(whenhewasonlyfourteenyearsold.时间状语从句)门多萨在14岁时参加一场拳击赛后一举成名。fame(n.)名声，名望——famous(adj.)著名的risetofame=beefamousswiftly(adv.)=quickly8、ThisattractedtheattentionofRichardHumphries（whowasthenthemosteminentboxerinEngland.定语从句）这引起当时英国拳坛名将理查德.汉弗莱斯的注意。eminent(adj.)杰出的，卓越的（修饰人）eg.aneminentdoctor/lawyer/engineer9、HeofferedtotrainMendozaandhisyoungpupilwasquicktolearn.他主动提出教授门多萨，而年少的门多萨一学就会。offer(v.)提供offertodosth.主动提出做某事10、Infact,MendozasoonbecamesosuccessfulthatHumphriesturnedagainsthim.事实上，门多萨不久便名声大振，致使汉弗莱斯与他反目为敌。Infact事实上，实际上（表递进）=Asamatteroffactso…that…如此…以致于（结果状语从句）turnagainstsb.与某人反目成仇，与某人为敌11、Thetwomenquarrelledbitterlyanditwasclearthattheargumentcouldonlybesettledbyafight.两个人争吵不休，显而易见，只有较量一番才能解决问题。bitter(adj.)苦的bitterly(adj.)痛苦地，非常地=very=terribly=extremelyItwasclear/obvious/apparentthat+主语从句显而易见的是…12、AmatchwasheldatStilton,（wherebothmenfoughtforanhour.定语从句）于是两人在斯蒂尔顿设下赛场，厮打了一个小时。holdameeting/concert/match举办…where（conj.）=in/atwhich(在从句中作地点状语)13、ThepublicbetagreatdealofmoneyonMendoza,buthewasdefeated.公众把大笔赌注下到了门多萨身上，但他却输了。agreatdealof+[u]大量的，许多的defeat(v.)打败+人(通用)beat(v.)打败+人（比赛）14、MendozametHumphriesintheringonalateroccasionandhelostforasecondtime.后来，门多萨与汉弗莱斯再次在拳击场上较量，门多萨又输了一场。15、Itwasnotuntilhisthirdmatchin1790thathefinallybeatHumphriesandbecameChampionofEngland.直到1790年他们第3次对垒，门多萨才终于击败汉弗莱斯，成了全英拳击冠军。强调句：Itwasnotuntil…that…直到…才…16、Meanwhile,hefoundedahighlysuccessfulAcademyandevenLordByronbecameoneofhispupils.同时，他建立了一所拳击学校，办得很成功，连拜伦勋爵也成了他的学生。meanwhile同时=inthemeantime=atthesametimefindfoundfound找到foundfoundedfounded成立17、Heearnedenormoussumsofmoneyandwaspaidasmuchas$100forasingleappearance.门多萨挣来大笔大笔的钱，一次出场费就多可达100英镑。enormoussumsofmoney=largesumsofmoney=alargesumofmoneyasmuchas和…一样多appearance(n.)出场，出现——appear(v.)出现，表演18、Despitethis,hewassoextravagantthathewasalwaysindebt.尽管收入不少，但他挥霍无度，经常债台高筑。Despitethis尽管如此=Inspiteofthis19、(AfterhewasdefeatedbyaboxercalledGentlemanJackson,时间状语从句)hewasquicklyforgotten.他在被一个叫杰克逊绅士的拳击手击败后很快被遗忘。20、Hewassenttoprisonforfailingtopayhisdebtsanddiedinpovertyin1836.他因无力还债而被捕入狱，最后于1836年在贫困中死去。poverty(n.)贫穷——