Unit1SciencefictionReviewUsefulStructures课件高二英语人教版选择性

人教选择性必修第四册Unit1ReviewUsefulStructures12ToreviewandconsolidatethepassivevoiceofverbsTousepassivevoiceappropriatelyinatext目标一：ToreviewandconsolidatethepassivevoiceofverbsActivity1:Scanthereadingtextandunderlinealltheverbsinthepassivevoice.Activity2:Observethefollowingsentences,andthenfinishthetwotasks.Task1Changethepassivevoiceintotheactivevoice.Task2

Workinpairs.Discusswithapartnerwhythepassivevoiceisused.Thepassivevoiceisusedtofocusonthepersonorobjectthatexperiencesanactionratherthanthepersonorobjectthatperformstheaction.Itisusedwhenwedon'tknowtheperformer,ortheperformerisunimportant(andthereforeomitted),ortheperformeris

tobehighlighted(andthereforeplacedtowardtheend).SummaryThePassiveVoice被动语态1.语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。2.英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态动词的主语是动作的承受者。

Sometreesareplantedbyuseveryyear.3.被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象

的及物动词才有被动语态。承受者执行者一、被动语态的相关概念二、主动句与被动句的转换We

plant

thesetrees.Thesetrees

areplantedbyus.主语宾语主语宾语三、被动语态的构成现以及物动词tell为例，列表如下：时态被动语态的构成一般式一般现在时be(am,is,are)told一般过去时be(was,were)told一般将来时shall/willbetold过去将来时should/wouldbetold进行式现在进行时be(am,is,are)beingtold过去进行时be(was,were)beingtold完成式现在完成时have/hasbeentold过去完成时hadbeentold四、特殊结构的被动形式(1)

双宾动词的被动结构双宾动词变为被动结构时,一般将主动结构中的间接宾语变为被动结构中的主语,直接宾语不变。如将主动结构中的直接宾语变为被动结构中的主语,间接宾语之前则应加介词to或for。

e.g.He

gave

her

some

money.

She

was

given

some

money.

Some

money

was

given

to

her.(2)

带复合宾语的动词的被动结构

带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时,一般将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语,而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语为主语补足语)。

e.g.HisfathercalledhimJack.

HewascalledJackbyhisfather.(3)带情态动词的被动语态，由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。e.g.Theproblemmaybesolvedinanumberofdifferentways.Inourschool,librarybooksmustbereturnedintwoweeks.(4)“be+过去分词+不定式”的被动结构

e.g.Heisreportedtohavebrokenaworldrecord.Sheissaidtoknowthreelanguages.(5)“it+be+过去分词+从句”式的被动结构

e.g.It’ssaidthatshehassomesupernaturalpowers.

It’sreportedthattheyhavediscoveredanewstar.常见的结构还有：Itisknownthat...众所周知Itissuggestedthat...有人建议Itisbelievedthat...人们相信(6)“get+done”构成被动语态用来表示状态或情况,常考的形式如：

getmarried结婚

getengaged订婚

gethurt/wounded受伤

getlost迷路

getdrunk喝醉了

getcaught/stuck/trapped被困

getdressed穿好衣服

getrunover被(车)轧五、主动形式表示被动意义1)有些不及物动词主动形式可表被动意义。

a.某些连系动词，如feel,look,prove,smell,sound,taste等。

e.g.Thefoodtastedbetterthanitlooked.

b.

某些与can’t,won’t等连用的不及物动词，如move,lock,shut,open等。

e.g.Itcan'tmove.Thedoorwon'tshut.

c.某些可与well,easily等副词连用的不及物动词，如read,write,wash等。

e.g.Mynewpenwriteswell.Theclothdoesn’twasheasily.b.

在beworthdoing和betoblame结构中，动词-ing形式或动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。

e.g.Thefilmiswellworthseeing.ThepolicyispartlytoblameforcausingtheworstunemploymentinEurope.c.

当want,need,require表示“需要”时，其宾语可用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。

e.g.Thecarpetreallywantscleaning(=tobecleaned).Mosthouseplantsrequirewatering(=tobewatered).六、不能用于被动语态的情况1)谓语是及物动词leave,enter,reach,suit,benefit,lack等。2)谓语是不可拆开的takeplace,consistof,loseheart,belongto等短语动词。3)宾语是无实意的代词it。4)宾语是表示身体的某一部分的名词。5)宾语是某些抽象名词。6)have在任何情况下都不能用于被动语态。7)一般来说，当动词的宾语是动词-ing形式或者是不定式时不能变成被动语态。8)将来进行时和完成进行时没有被动语态。如果遇到这种情况时，可以用一般将来时和现在完成时的被动语态来代替。目标二：TousepassivevoiceappropriatelyinatextActivity1:Completethesentenceswithappropriateformsoftheverbsinbrackets.1.Whatisdonecannot___________.(undo)2.Janet__________chairwomanofthestudentunionlastmonth.(elect)3.Twohundredgrammesofflourshould_________tothecakemix.(add)4.A3,000-seatvenue___________________forthecircusperformanceinNovember.(build)beundonewaselectedbeaddedwasbuilt/willbebuilt5.Workingefficiency________________sincethisnewsoftwarewasadopted.(improve)6.Onlyonepieceofcarry-onluggage__________foreacheconomyclasspassenger.(allow)7.Itisagreathonourformeto__________toaddressthisinternationalAIconference.(invite)8.WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundthatthesalesman'ssalary__________________atthemeeting.(discuss)9.WithexamsbeingadaptedintoBraille,ablindseniorhighschoolstudentscored630pointsoutof650intheCollegeEntranceExamination.Heisexpectedto___________toatopuniversity.(admit)hasbeenimprovedisallowedbeinvitedwasbeingdiscussedbeadmittedNowtrytotranslatethesesentencesintoChinese.1.覆水难收。2.珍妮特上个月被选为学生会主席。3.蛋糕料里需要加入200克面粉。4.十一月将建成一个可容纳三千人的马戏团表演场地。5.由于采用了这种新软件，工作效率得到了提高。6.每位经济舱乘客只能随身携带一件行李。7.我很荣幸能被邀请在这个国际人工智能大会上发言。8.我进入会议室时候发现正在讨论销售员的工资问题。9.随着盲文考试的实施，一位高中的视障学生在高考中获得了630分(满分650分)。他有望被一所顶尖大学录取。exploretranslatediscoverregardrepresentsetuprecruitwritegetcaughtupconnectisregardedexploredwrittenwastranslatedrepresentsTheThree-BodyProblembeginswiththestoriesoftwounrelatedpeople,YeWenjieandWangMiao.Ye____________tojoinasecretprojectinaremoteareaofChina,which________________tocontactalienlifef