非谓语动词复习课件

Nonfiniteverbs非谓语动词1.todo2.-ing3.done非谓语不定式〔todo)V-ingV-edasanounasadj.oradv.现在分词动名词过去分词非谓语动词的分类

使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句〔谓语动词〕,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就充当了非谓语动词.非谓语动词的Tomreturnedfromthemanager’soffice,tellingmethatthebosswantedtoseemeatonce.2.Thenewsmeeting,tobeheldinthathall,hasalreadybeencrowdedwithreporters.3.Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.4.ThemantalkingwithmyfatherisMr.Wang.5.Toliveistostruggle.(生活就是斗争。)找出以下句子中的非谓语动词〔含短语〕非谓语动词的句法作用非谓语动词主语宾语表语定语宾补状语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√现在分词√√√√过去分词√√√√下面从二个方面来复习非谓语动词1.非谓语动词的七大经典原那么2.非谓语动词解题四大步骤非谓语动词题的做题技巧一.非谓语动词的七大经典原那么原那么一：用作目的状语，原那么上要用不定式Whenaskedwhyhewentthere，hesaidhewassentthere_____foraspaceflight.A.trainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained【解析】由于进行航空飞行训练是他被派往那儿的目的，所以要用不定式，因此可排除A和B。另外，由于“他〞与“训练〞为被动关系，应选D。

2._____thiscake，you’llneed2eggs，175gsugarand175gflour.A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making

3.Asthelightturnedgreen，Istoodforamoment，not_____，andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.

A.movedB.movingC.tomoveD.Beingmoved【解析】由于与句子主语之间为主动关系，且表示当时持续了一会儿，故用-ing。句意为：当信号灯变绿时，我站在那儿一会儿没动，心想自己该怎么办。

原那么二：用作伴随状语，原那么上要用-ing.4.Hesat_____toher______thestairs.A.tolisten;toclimbB.listening;toclimbC.listening;climbD.listening;toclimbing

【解析】listen是伴随sat而同时由主语he发出的，所以用-ing作伴随状语；listento后跟不带to的不定式/-ing作宾补。

listento…do/doing…用括号里的词的适当形式填空1.Writetotheeditor,________thattheeditorwouldbeabletohelpher．〔hope〕2.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstoppedthere_________onabigrock．(rest)3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintonight,_________alongspeech.(prepare)4._______warm,weshutallthewindows.(keep)preparingtoresthopingTokeep－ing形式作伴随状语与todo作目的状语的区别：作伴随状语的－ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要在谓语动词的动作之后发生前面不能用逗号。原那么三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原那么区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。5.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance，_____inthenaturallightduringtheday.

A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet【解析]此处用-ing表示自然而然的结果。如：Itrainedheavily，causingseverefloodinginthatplace.大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。6.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear，_____arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching

8.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_____thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told

7.Hehurriedtothestation,only______thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound【解析】onlytodosth在此表示出人意料的结果。原那么四：但凡含有被动意义时，原那么上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，那么用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，那么用-ing的被动式.9.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_____.A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheard【解析】根据句意，此处指的是“被听见〞，故要用被动式，因此可排除B和C。另外，由于“设法被听见〞为目的状语，动作当时尚未发生，故用不定式，即选A。

10.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks______couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose【解析】of后应接-ing，desks与openandclose之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，又因couldbeheard，所以选-ing的被动式表正在被进行的动作。of11.Whenshecamein,shewassurprisedtofindastranger_______atthebackoftheclassroomwithhiseyes_____uponher.A.seating;fixingB.toseat;fixingC.havingseated;fixedD.seated;fixed

astranger

his

eyessittingseat

vt.Iseatedmyself.=Iwasseated.=Isatdownfixone’seyesupon…1.seat和sit作为动词，都可以表示“坐〞的意思。(1)seat是及物动词，比较正式，常以被动形式表示主动意义。如：HeisseatedbetweenJackandTom.她坐在杰克和汤姆之间。Pleasebeseated.(=Pleaseseatyourself.)(2)sit通常作不及物动词用，比较口语化。如：Thestudentsaresittingattheirdesks.学生们正坐在课桌旁。Sitdown,please.2.seat还可作名词用(而sit只能作动词用)，常见短语takeaseat(相当于haveaseat或takeone‘sseat)，意为“坐下，就座〞。如：Takeyourseat,please.请就坐。原那么五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原那么上应与主句主语保持一致.12.Facedwithabillfor$10,000，_____.A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn(be)facedwith…Facedwith13.Whilewatchingtelevision，_____.A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings【解析】因为watching的逻辑主语一定是人，排除选项A和B；又因在hear后作宾补的是省略了to的不定式，所以选项D中的rings是错误的。watching原那么六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原那么上要用完成式〔根据情况可用不定式的完成式或—ing的完成式〕14._____fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears，Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountriesintheworld.A.BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedC.HavingbeenseparatedD.tobeseparated【解析】因为Australia与separate是被动关系，且separate发生在谓语动词has之前，所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。has15.Themanager，_____itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus，leftthemeetingroom.A.whohasmadeB.havingmadeC.madeD.making【解析】因为Themanager与make是主动关系，且make发生在谓语left之前，所以用-ing的完成式作状语，havingmade...相当于whohadmade...的意思。left16.—LiMingissaid____abroad.Doyouknowwhatcountry

—Yes,InLondon.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudyinghestudiedin?hewillstudyin?hestudiesin?CABissbissaidtodo…据说…原那么七：用于名词后作定语时，原那么是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用-ing，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。17.Therewillbemorethanthreehundredscientistsattendingthemeeting_____thedayaftertomorrow.A.holdB.holdingC.heldD.tobeheld

18.Therearehundredsofvisitors_____infrontoftheArtGallerytohavealookatVanGogh’spaintings.A.waitedB.towaitC.waitingD.wait

themeeting

thedayaftertomorrowvisitors19.“Things_____nevercomeagain!〞Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself.A.lostB.losingC.tolostD.havelost20.—Thelastone_____paysthemeal.—Agreed!A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving

ThingsThelastonelosevt.losesb/sth注：受thefirst，thesecond...thelast修饰的名词或代词后原那么上要用不定式作定语。

Youarethesecondtomakethatmistake.你是第二个犯这错误的人。原那么一：用作目的状语，…原那么二：用作伴随状语，…原那么三：用作结果状语，…原那么四：但凡含有被动意义时，…原那么五：非谓语动词作状语时，…原那么六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，…原那么七：用于名词后作定语时，…原那么一：用作目的状语，原那么上用不定式.原那么二：用作伴随状语，原那么上用-ing.原那么三：用作结果状语，可用-ing/todo,原那么区别是：-ing表示一定逻辑的结果，todo表示非逻辑的结果。原那么四:但凡有被动意义时，原那么上要用过去分词。如果动作尚未发生，那么用不定式的被动形式；如果动作正在进行，那么用-ing的被动形式。原那么五：非谓语动词作状语时，原那么上其逻辑主语应与主句主语保持一致。原那么六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，原那么上要用完成式〔-ing的完成式或不定式的完成式〕原那么七：用于名词后作定语，原那么是：不定式表示动作尚未发生；-ing表示动作正在进行：过去分词表示动作完成，被动。二.非谓语动词解题四大步骤〔一〕分析句子结构,区分“谓语与非谓语〞______manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.2.____manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.HavingbeentoldB.BeingtoldC.HehadbeentoldD.ThoughhewastoldC___A注意连词3.It___ahotday,we’dbettergoswimming.4.____arainyday;wedecidednottogothere.isB.tobeC.beingD.ItbeingE.ItwasF.beenCE注意标点符号没有连词连接独立主格结构，其逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在；一般有逗号与主句分开；名词或代词与其后的分词，形容词，不定式或介词是逻辑上的主谓关系。如：ItbeingChristmas,thegovernmentofficeswereclosed.由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息了。Therebeingnothingtodo,wewenthome.没别的事可做我们就回家了。二.分析逻辑主语确定要选非谓语动词之后，第二步要分析其逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。假设不一致，那么须加上自己的逻辑主语。

怎么加?非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语，特别是当非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常是主句的主语，假设不然，那么得加上自己的逻辑主语，这时就构成独立主格。

〔二〕找逻辑主语1.Walkingalongthestreetoneday,shesawalittlegirlrunninguptoher.2.Sheisreadingabookfoundontheway.3.MostoftheartistsinvitedtothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.

一般来说，非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语是句子的主语；非谓语动词作宾补,逻辑主语是宾语；非谓语动词作定语,逻辑主语是被修饰词。分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。

______fromspace,theearthlooksblue.

2.______fromspace,wecanseetheearthisblue.

A.SeenB.SeeingC.ToseeD.SeeAB解析：句1.“地球〞被“看起来〞，表被动，应选A，用过去分词表被动。

句2.我们"主动看......"即表主动，应选B。〔三〕分析语态

A.totakeB.takingC.tobetakenD.takenD

BEverythingthey1._______everythingintoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.2.Everything______intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.〔四〕分析时态1.Thebuilding____nowwillbearestaurant.2.Thebuilding____nextyearwillbearestaurant.3.Thebuilding_____lastyearisarestaurant.havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuilt

C.beingbuilt

D.built___C______B______D二.找逻辑主语三、分析语态四、分析时态一.区分“谓与非谓〞三.非谓语动词解题步骤方法总结：谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态PracticeChallengeyourself!!!!

1.Arailwaystationisnoplaceforachild_____aloneatnight.A.leaveB.leavingC.tobeleavingD.tobeleft2.Wewerewarned_____thefishwhichmightgiveusaslightstomachupset〔消化不良，肠胃不适〕.A.nottoeatB.noteatingC.toeatnotD.eatingnot3._____themselvesawaketheysatonthefloorandtoldeachotherstories.A.KeepB.KeepingC.TokeepD.Tohavekept4._____thesechildren_____whatyouwantisascienceIcantellyou!A.Getting;doneB.Get;doneC.Toget;todoD.Getting;todo5.Whenyou'relearningtodrive，__agoodteachermakesabigdifference.A.haveB.havingC.andhaveD.andhaving6.Afewdaysaftertheinterview，Ireceivedaletter___methejob.A.offeredB.offeringC.tobeofferingD.havingoffered7.Theplanecrashed，_____all200peopleaboard在飞机上.A.killedB.havingkilledC.killingD.hadkilled8.Hewasalwaysthefirst_____andthelast_____theoffice.A.tocome，toleaveB.coming，leavingC.tocome，leftD.coming，left9.Robertissaid_____oneofmyclassmatestheotherday，butIdon’tknowwhosheis.A.tomarryB.tohavemarriedC.tobemarryingD.beingmarried10.Witheverythingsheneeded____,shelefttheshop.A.buyingB.tobuyC.boughtD.tobebought

withsthdone是"伴随着某事被完成了",的意思,这里sth是被动sheneeded是定语,修饰everything

非谓语动词更多实用、好用的学习教辅资料尽在名师指津：特别推荐《名师指津-高中英语考点测评软件》！涵盖高中英语全部考点，科学测评掌握程度，让你心中有数！是高中英语学习必备工具！推广期间凭此信息，包邮优惠，并送名师指津全套高中英语教辅课件！5套起，更可7.5折优惠！不要等到考试后才懊悔！(点击查看详情)名师指津-听说考试好易通〔考前仿真特训版+考纲话题通用版〕名师指津-广东高考英语命题揭秘与专题练析〔原创版+精华版〕名师指津-高中英语课课击破〔必修一至选修八〕名师指津-广东高中英语总复习非谓语动词在语法填空中,每年必考，且每年一个小题。尽管到目前为止,虽然只涉及到非谓语动词作状语和作宾补两种用法,但复习时,非谓语动词作定语、作主语和作宾语也不可无视。非谓语动词就是在句中不作谓语的动词,有动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed分词等。熟读深思指出以下句中不定式所充当的句子成分,并注意常用的不定式有哪几种形式。1.Heseemedtobesleeping.他好象在睡觉。2.Thereareallkindsofdifficultiestobeovercome.有各种各样的困难要克服。动词不定式(theinfinitive)定语表语3.I’dliketomakeasuggestion.我想提一个建议。4.Itisofgreatbenefitforallofustodomorningexerciseseveryday.每天做早操对我们大家都有益。5.Hefeelsitadutytohelpthedisabled.他感到有义务帮助残疾人。真正宾语宾语真正主语6.IoftenhearhersinginEnglish.(比较：SheisoftenheardtosinginEnglish.)我经常听到她唱英语歌。7.Maryoftengoesbacktoherhometowntovisithergrandparents.玛丽常常回家乡看望他的祖父祖母。目的状语补语8.I’msogladtoseeyouhere.在这儿见到你真快乐。9.Jackwastoobusytohavehishaircut.杰克太忙了,没时间理发。结果状语原因状语归纳总结1.动词不定式属于非谓语动词,在句子中可以充当除谓语外的其他各个句子成分；2.动词不定式通常有以下几种形式(以do为例)：主动式被动式一般式todo⑴___________完成式⑵___________tohavebeendone进行式⑶___________tobedoingtobedonetohavedone3.在shouldlike，wouldlike，expect,want,refuse，decide，pretend，promise，decide,offer等后不能用动名词作宾语，只能用不定式作宾语。4.在make,let,have等使役动词或者hear,see,watch等感观动词后作宾补的不定式常省略to;但在这些词的被动式后作主补时,要加上to。5.如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般用被动语态形式。6.在形容词后作状语只能用不定式,且用主动形式表示被动含义。如：Thistextiseasytounderstand.这篇课文很容易懂。7.不定式做定语时的几种用法：⑴表将来。Thebuildingtobebuiltnextmonthwillbeourlibrary.下月要建的这座建筑物将是我们的图书馆。⑵序数词或最高级等后常用不定式作定语。ShewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize.她是第一个获得诺贝尔奖金的妇女。Maryisthebestpersontodothejob.玛丽是做这个工作的最适合人选。⑶常用来修饰chance，idea，ability，way，reason，time，fact，key，ambition等抽象名词。LastyearIhadachancetogoabroadforfurtherstudy.去年我有时机去国外进修。⑷动词不定式做主语和宾语时通常放在句子的后面,用it作形式主语或形式宾语。熟读深思熟读以下各句,注意划线局部,并思考：△动词-ing有哪几种形式？△动词-ing在句中可作哪些成分？△动词-ing形式像谓语动词一样可以带宾语或状语吗？动词的–ing形式1.Learningisimportanttomodernlife.学习对现代生活很重要。2.Theproblemisquitepuzzling.这个问题令人困惑。3.Isuggestdoingitinadifferentway.我建议用另一种方法做这件事。4.TheTVsetneedsrepairing.这台电视机需要修理。

5.Iheardofhishavingbeenchosentobecoachoftheteam.我听说他被选为球队的教练。6.Thequestionbeingdiscussednowisveryimportant.现在正在讨论的问题很重要。7.Theywentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.他们有说有笑地走出教室。8.Havingbeenshownaroundthelab,weweretakentoseetheschoollibrary.在被带去看了实验室之后,我们又被带去参观校图书馆。9.Ifeltmyheartbeatingviolently.我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。10.Hisnotcomingmadeeveryonepresentverydisappointed.他没来使在场的每个人都很失望。动词的-ing形式有以下特征：1.具有动词的特征,有时态和语态的变化,并可带状语、宾语等。当分词与其逻辑主语有动宾关系时,用_____语态(如5,6和8)。归纳总结被动2.动词-ing的构成形式(以do为例)：主动被动发生的时间一般式doingbeingdone与谓语同时发生完成式havingdonehavingbeendone发生在谓语之前3.动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征,同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此,它在句中可以作主语、___语、___语、___语、_______语和状语。4.否认形式：not+v-ing形式。宾语补足表宾定5.在suggest,keep,allow,finish,enjoy,mind,practice,avoid,admit,advise,consider，imagine,appreciate,escape等后不能用不定式作宾语;在forget,remember,regret,mean,try等动词后既可接动名词,也可接不定式,但意义差异较大。如：Iforgotseeingher.我忘记见过她。(以前见过)Iforgottoposttheletter.我忘记寄信了。(信没寄)6.在表示“需要〞的need,want和require等后用-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,也可用不定式的被动式。熟读深思熟读以下各句,体会动词-ed形式的用法。1.Hearingthenews,helookeddisappointed.听到这个消息,他看起来很失望。2.Thebossfeltsatisfiedwithherperformance.老板对她的表现很满意。动词的-ed形式3.Allthebrokendesks(=Allthedesksthatwerebroken)havebeenrepaired.所有弄坏了的桌子都已修好了。4.Wehavereadmanynovelswritten(=whichwerewritten)bythisauthor.我们已读了这个作者写的很多部小说。5.Confused(=Ashewasconfused)bytheproblem,hedecidedtoturntohisteacherforhelp.对这个问题感到困惑,他决定向老师求助。6.Seen(=Whenitisseen)fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.从顶上看,体育馆好似一个鸟巢。7.IheardthesongsunginEnglish.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。8.Petergothisbadtoothpulledoutinthehospital.彼得在医院把坏牙拔了。归纳总结1.动词的-ed形式一般表示被动或完成,在句中可作表语、定语、状语、补语等。2.所谓表示被动,就是过去分词与其逻辑主语有被动关系,判断逻辑主语的方法与其他非谓语动词的逻辑主语相同,请看下表：充当句子成分表语状语定语宾补逻辑主语句子的主语所修饰的词宾语3.单个的动词-ed形式作定语一般放在所修饰的名词的前面,动词-ed形式短语作定语,那么要放在所修饰的名词的后面。动词-ed形式作定语相当于一个定语从句。4.表示情感的动词,其-ed形式和-ing形式均可作定语或表语(相当于形容词),动词-ed形式表示“感到……的(人或人的音容笑貌)〞,动词-ing形式表示“令人……的(事物)〞。如,surprised感到惊讶的,surprising令人惊讶的。5.作状语时,可表时间、原因、让步、结果、方式、条件、伴随等,一般可改为一个状语从句;但表示伴随时一般不可以改为状语从句,却可改为并列谓语。2.作目的状语或在形容词后作状语,用动词不定式；3.作伴随状语或作定语,要根据与逻辑主语的关系,用现在分词或过去分词；4.有时也要根据句式搭配来确定,如see/hear/noticesb.do/doingsth.,spend...doingsth.等。请根据以上技巧,完成以下与非谓语动词相关的历年高考试题。1.Inoticedaman18_________(sit)atthefront.已有谓语动词noticed,且sit前没有并列连词,因此,sit是非谓语动词;由固定句式noticesb.doing/dosth.(注意到某人在做/做了某事)可知,填sitting或sit,但我们认为,根据文中提供的情境,不难推出,作者“注意到〞时,那个人是“正坐在〞作者前面的,故填sitting更准确、更切实际、也更生动。sitting/sit2.Hespititout,_______(say)itwasawful.因句中已有谓语spit,此处又没有连词,say不是并列谓语,而是非谓语动词;又因he与say是主动关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语。saying3.Shewishedthathewasaseasy_______(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.句中已有谓语waseasy了,please应为非谓语动词;因在形容词后作状语,只能用动词不定式,故填toplease。toplease4.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop________(help)itgrow〞,isbasedonthefollowingstory.4.作目的状语,用动词不定式。tohelp5.Finally,Iacceptedtheofferofanoldpeasantwomanwholivedaloneinalittlehouse.Whileshewasgettingme______(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom.由settleo/in/on...(使某人舒服地处于某处)可知,me与settle是被动关系,要用过去分词用宾补。又如：Anursesettledtheoldmanintoachair.护士让那位老人舒舒服服地坐在椅子上。settled灵活运用1.Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasier_______(break)intosmallpieces.在easy，difficult，hard，comfortable等形容词后习惯上接不定式作状语〔注意:这类不定式通常要用主动式表示被动意义〕;句意为：汤姆糖果制造商能否把巧克力做得更容易扳成小块。tobreak2.It’simportantforthefigures_____________(update)regularly.根据for引出的逻辑主语thefigures与update存在着被动关系可知选不定式的被动式。句意为：经常更新这些数据很重要。tobeupdated3.Todaywehavechatrooms,textmessaging,emailing...butweseem___________(lose)theartofcommunicatingface-to-face.动词seem后习惯上接不定式;又因为空格后的theartofcommunicatingface-to-face是用作动词lose的宾语。tobelosing4.Simonmadeabigbamboobox_________(keep)thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.这句中的make表示“做;制造〞,其后的不定式为目的状语。句意为:西蒙做了一个大竹盒子来养这只有病的小鸟,等它能飞的时候再放走它。tokeep5.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting_____________(discover).动词wait后习惯上接不定式;另外,actors与discover之间为被动关系,即“等着被发现〞,应选不定式的被动式。tobediscovered6.Wewereastonished_______(find)thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.在beastonished后要接不定式表示原因。7.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank_______(buy)presentsformydad.“给父亲买礼物〞是“从银行拿钱出来〞的目的,作目的状语,用动词不定式。tofindtobuy8.Hisfirstbook_______________(publish)nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.根据句中的nextmonth可知是将出版,故要用不定式;又因为book与publish之间为被动关系,故要用不定式的被动式。9.Lydiadoesn’tfeellike_________(study)abroad.Herparentsareold.因为feellike中的like是介词。根据英语语法，介词后接动词一般要用动名词。tobepublishedstudying10.___________(gather)aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.现在分词短语gatheringaroundthefire在句中用作伴随状语,表示与谓语动作danced同时发生的动作。Gathering11.Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,_____(say)nothingabouttheargument.现在分词短语sayingnothingabout...为伴随状语,句意为:莎拉假装开心,对那次争论什么也没说。12.Recentlyasurvey__________(compare)pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.现在分词作定语修饰前面的主语survey。sayingcomparing13.Thenextthinghesawwassmoke_____(rise)frombehindthehouse.现在分词短语risingfrombehind...在此用作定语,修饰名词smoke。14.MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,_________(make)itmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.现在分词短语makingitmucheasier...在句中用作结果状语,表示MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina的结果。risingmaking15.AtonepointImadeupmymindtotalktoUncleSam.ThenIchangedmymind,_________(realize)thathecoulddonothingtohelp.现在分词短语realizingthat...用作状语,表原因。realizing16.Batsaresurprisinglylonglivedcreatures,some_______(have)alifespanofaround20years.因为somehavingalifespanofaround20years为独立主格结构。having17.Ihadgreatdifficulty________(find)thesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.因havedifficulty(in)doingsth.为固定句式,其意为“做某事有困难〞。18.____________(approach)thecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.因we与approach是主动关系,所以用现在分词短语作状语。findingApproaching19._________(look)atmyclassmates’faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.因I与look是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。20.Listen!Doyouhearsomeone_______(call)forhelp？由listen可知，动作正在进行，表示“听见某人在做某事〞，用hearsb.doingsth.句型。Lookingcalling21.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,_____(cause)seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.“引起严重水灾〞是“下大雨〞的自然结果,作结果状语,用现在分词作状语。causing...与whichcaused...相当。causing22.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand________(weigh)lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.因youngchildren与weigh是主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。句中介词短语under...和现在分词短语weighing...一起作定语,修饰youngchildren。weighing23.Hehadawonderfulchildhood,_________(travel)withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.因he与travel是主动关系,故用现在分词短语travelingwithhismother...作状语,表示原因。traveling24.Apick-uptruckpassedusontheroad,andafewminuteslater,Isawit_______(pull)backandthedriverlookingdirectlyatus.因it与pull是主动关系,用现在分词作宾补,即seesb./sth.doingsth.句型。pulling25.________(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.因agoodform暗示泛指一般性行为,用动名词作主语。26.Ican’tstand________(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses______(stop)talkingwhilesheworks.因为can’tstand(不能忍受)后习惯上要接动词的-ing形式;又因refuse后要求接带to的不定式。?Walkingworkingtostop27.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneed______________________(repair).在表示“需要〞的need后要接动词-ing形式的主动形式,或用不定式的被动式。28.Isn’tittimeyougotdownto________(mark)thepapers？因为getdownto中的to是介词,后面应接动词的-ing形式。?repairing/toberepairedmarking29.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_______(set)upsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.因devote...to...中to是介词,接动词-ing形式;all是devote的宾语,hehad是省略了关系代词that的定语从句,修饰all。setting30.TsinghuaUniversity,________(found)in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.由于TsinghuaUniversity(清华大学)与found(成立)之间为被动关系,即清华大学被成立于1911年,故用过去分词。founded31.Theisland,_______(join)tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.根据句意可知,“岛屿〞与“大陆〞是被一座桥连接起来(注意句中的介词by),故用过去分词表被动。joined32.LiJianputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself_______(remind)ofhisowndreams.该考点涉及的搭配是remindsb.ofsth.(提醒某人记住或想起某事),显然空格前的himself与动词remind之间存在着被动关系,应选过去分词。reminded33._______(offer)animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous.由于句子主语Andy与动词offer之间为被动关系(即Andy被人提供了某物),故用过去分词。Offered34.Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves____(lost)forwords.由于lose是及物动词,其后本应有宾语,但句中的空格后没有出现宾语,这说明lose要用过去分词；本句意：即使最优秀的作家有时也会发现他们找不到适宜的文字来表达自己的意思。lost35.Clairehadherluggage_______(check)anhourbeforeherplaneleft.考查“have+名词+非谓语动词〞结构。由于herluggage〔她的行李〕与check〔检查〕之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。句意为：在飞机出发前1小时克莱尔携带的行李接受了检查。checked36.I’mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition__________(advertise)inyesterday’sChinaDaily.由于position(职位)与advertise(登广告)之间为被动关系,且广告昨天已经刊发了,故用动词-ed形式作定语。advertised37.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney__________(discover)inthelibrary.由于money与discover之间为被动关系,由句意可知,钱“已经〞被发现,故用动词-ed形式作定语。38.Alexandertriedtogethiswork________(recognize)inthemedicalcircles.因“宾语(hiswork)〞与其后的recognize(成认)是被动关系,故用动词-ed形式。recognizeddiscovered39.Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps__________(borrow)fromthelibrary.因maps与borrow之间为被动关系;再根据句意,地图是“已经〞借来了,所以用过去分词作定语。40.Though__________(surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.因theprofessor与surprise(使惊奇)是被动关系,故用“连词+动词-ed形式〞作状语。borrowedsurprised41._____(see)fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.由于thesouthfoot与see之间为被动关系，故用动词-ed形式作状语。42.Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealready____(lay)foramealtobecooked.短语layatable的意思是“摆桌子〞,因句中的table与动词lay(摆放)之间为被动关系,所以用动词-ed形式作定语。Seenlaid43.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if_______(carry)outregularly,canimproveourhealth.由于exercise(锻炼)与carryout(进行,执行)之间为被动关系,故用“连词+动词-ed形式〞作状语,ifcarriedoutregularly相当于ifitiscarriedoutregularly。carried44.Agreatnumberofstudents_________(question)saidtheywereforcedtopractisethepiano.由于students与question(提问,询问)之间为被动关系,故用动词-ed形式作定语。questioned45.Lucyhas