重庆市西南大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期11月模拟检测英语

2024届高三11月模拟测试英语试题注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whywasthemanlateforwork?A.Hewasstuckintraffic,B.Hehadatrafficaccident.C.Hiscarbrokedownontheroad.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Gettingtoworkinthemorningseemstotakelongereachday.Iwaslateagainthismorning.W:Areyoustilldrivingin?M:Yes.Thetrafficwassobadinthemorning.It’sjustonetrafficjamafteranotherontheroad.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whereisthewomanprobablyfrom?A.Peru. B.Britain. C.Mexico.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:HaveyounoticedthatpeoplehereinMexicostandveryclosetogether?M:Yes.It’sthesameinPerutoo.W:It’stheoppositeinBritain.Iwasalittleuncomfortablehereatfirst.Butafterafewdays,I’mgellingusedtoit.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Placinganorder.B.Complainingaboutanitem.C.Inquiringaboutadeliveryservice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,IorderedabookfromJustinLewislastweek.Iwaswonderingifithascomeinyet.MynameisPeterSchneider.W:Letmecheckitforyou,Mr.Schneider.Yes,thebookhasarrivedthismorningandshouldbereadyforyoutopickupthisafternoon.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoweknowaboutJim?A.Hehasaleginjury.B.Hewithdrewfromthefootballteam.C.Hespenthisholidaywithhisteammates.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:HaveyouseenJimsinceithappened?M:Yes.Hewashopingtospendhisholidaytouringwithhisfootballteambuthehadtopullout.W:Whenwillhebeabletoplayagain?M:Ittakesmonthsforabrokenlegtorecoverfully.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhomightLilybe?A.Thewoman’sbabysitter. B.Thewoman’sboss. C.Thewoman’schild.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:IwishIhadmoretimetospendwithLily.Shehastogotoababysittereverymorning.M:It’stoughwhenyouworksomuch.W:Well,sometimesIhavetoaskmybossforaleavelolookafterher.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答吋间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatwasthewomandoingwhenitstartedraining?A.Shewaswalkinghome. B.Shewasplayingfootball, C.Shewaschattingwithafriend.7.Whatdidthewomanfailtodo?A.Findashelter B.Contacthermom, C.Seethelightning.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Didyouseethatthunderstormyesterdayafternoon?Thelightningwasamazing.W:Iwaswalkinghomefromfootballpracticewhentherainstarted.M:Itwasreallyheavy.W:Yeah.WhenitbeganI’djustleftthesportscenter,soIwasabletogobackandtakecoverinside.IcalledmymumtosayI’dbehomelate.Anyway,Imetafriendwhowasstilltheresowejustchattedandwaitedtillitwasover.ShameImissedseeingthelightningthough.Iheardiiwasveryimpressive.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?AInthemorning. B.Atnoon. C.Intheafternoon.9.Whydoesn’tthemangototheconferenceroomnow?A.Heneedstomeettheclients.B.Heisworkingonanothertask.C.Hehascheckedtheheaterbefore.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】W:Oh,Jeremy,thereyouare.HaveyouhadachancetocheckouttheproblemImentionedyesterday?Ithinkthere’sanissuewiththeheaterintheconferenceroom.M:Ah...notyet.I’vebeensettingupthenewworkspacesforthepart-timeworkerswerecentlyhired.W:I’mplanningtohostourvisitingclientsinthatroomthisafternoon,soI’llchangethelocationifit’sstillcoldinthere.M:OK,I’llgettotheconferenceroomassoonasIfinish.W:Great.Andletmeknowifitcan’tbefixedbynoon.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Borrowingatent. B.Packingatent. C.Returningatent.11.Whatisthewoman’smotivationforclimbing?A.Tohavefun. B.Toimproveherfitness. C.Togetclosetonature.12.Wherewillthespeakersdorockclimbingtogether?A.Atagym. B.Inthewild C.Ataclimbingcenter.【答案】10.C11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:Thanksforlettingmeborrowthelent,Sam.M:Noproblem,Tara.Iwasworriedit’dbetoosmall.W:Itwasalittletightbutwemanaged.We’llhavetogetabigonefornexttime.Anyway,itwasagreatcampingtrip!M:Areyougoingagainsoon?W:No,we’repracticingourrockclimbingforalittlewhiletogetintoshape.M:It’sgreatforbuildingstrength!MeandShellydoiiattheclimbingcenterjustoutoftown.It’sfunsolvingthepuzzleofhowtogetup,andexcitingtoo!W:Truethat!Mygymhasapracticewallbutwe’dliketodoitinthewildoneday!M:IhaveaguideIcanrecommend.He’lltakeyoutothebestclimbingspotandithasalltheequipmenttoo!W:Great!Doyouwanttopracticetogether?M:Sure,I’mgoingwithShellyat6pmtonight.W:Excellent.I’llmeetyouatthecenterthen!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whathappenedtothewomanatthebeginning?A.Shelostherphone.B.Shecouldn’tfindtheway.C.Shewastrappedinheavysnow.14.Whydidthewomanturnofftheengine?A.Thecarwasrunningoutofgas.B.Shestoppedtoansweracall.C.Theenginecouldn’tworkproperly.15.Howdidthewomankeepwarm?A.Bydrinkinghottea. B.Byusingthecarheater. C.Byhavingmoreclotheson.16.Whatdidtheemergencyservicesdo?A.Theycalledanambulance.B.Theyledthewomantoherhome.C.Theyhelpedthewomangotothemainroad.【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.C【解析】【原文】M:SoOlivia,tellushowthathappened.W:Well,whenIwasdrivinginthemountainroad,Itookawrongturningandgotcompletelylost.M:Wasthatfrightening?W:Yeah.WhileIwastryingtodecidehowtogetbacktothemainroad,someheavysnowstartedcomingdown.M:Iwasquitecertainitwouldn’tlastlong.ItwasMarchinItaly.W:Iwasn’tworriedatfirst,butIdidn’thavemuchpetrolleftsoIswitchedofftheengine.Itriedtophoneforhelpbutcouldn’tgetthrough.M:Howdidyoustaywarm?Withthecarheater?W:ThatmeanthavingtheengineonsoIonlyuseditabit.InsteadIgotallofmyjumpersandtrousersfrommysuitcasesandworethemallnight.Iwasstillfrozen,though,andwishedIhadsomecoffeeorteawithme.M:Soyouspentthewholenightinsidethecar?W:Yes.Imanagedtocontacttheemergencyservicesfinally.Theyknewmylocationfrommyphonesignal.They’dcalledtoaskifIneededanambulanceandluckilyIdidn’tneedit,sotheyjustclearedthesnowandledmealongtheroadbacktothemainroad.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whichrequirementisfirstmentioned?A.Theagelimit. B.Policerecords. C.References.18.Whocanbeareferencefortheapplicants?A.Policeofficers. B.Theirformerbosses. C.Theirrelatives.19.Whatshouldthereferencebeabout?A.Workperformance. B.Workhabits. C.Workexperience.20.Whatwillbeatthevolunteers1ownexpense?A.Dinners. B.Phonecalls. C.Transportation.【答案】17.A18.B19.B20.A【解析】【原文】M:Continuingourbroadcastofpublicserviceannouncements,WorldwideHelpersannouncesupcomingopeningsforanumberofvolunteerworkerpositions.Allapplicantsmustmeetthefollowingrequirements.Firstofall,applicantsmustbeover18yearsofage.Thecompanyapologizes,buttherecanbenoexceptionstothisrule.Second,peopleinterestedinthesepositionsmaynothavepolicerecords.Aparkingticketandthingslikethatare,ofcourse,noproblem.Theemployerwill,ofcourse,checkwiththepolicetoconfirmyourcleanrecord.Inaddition,applicantsmustsupplyreferencesfrompastorpresentemployersorteachersalongwiththeirrecentCV.Thesereferencesmustberelevanttotheapplicant’sworkhabits.Remember,thesearereferencesfromemployersorteachers.AnotefromyourdearoldMumwon’tdo.WorldwideHelpersassuresmethattheywillcontactthesereferencestoconfirmtheyaregenuine.Althoughallpositionsarevolunteers,theemployerwillcoversomeofyourexpenses.Forexample,theywillpayfortransportationtoandfromthejobsite.Asidefromthat,thecostofphonecallsiscovered.ButI’msorrytosaythatyouhavetohavedinneratyourownhome.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AYellowstoneTourOnMarch1,1872,Yellowstonebecamethefirstnationalparkforalltoenjoytheuniquegeologicfeatures.WithinYellowstone’s2.2millionacres,visitorshavewonderfulopportunitiestoobservewildlifeinawell-preservedecosystemandviewgeologicwondersliketheGrandCanyon(峡谷)oftheYellowstoneRiver.TourFeatures●Budgettour(低预算旅行)Thisbudgettourusestentedcamps.●PrivatetourThistourwillbeorganizedspeciallyforyouandwon’tbesharedwithothers.●CanstartanydayIfavailabilitypermits,thistourcanstartonanyday.Thistouracceptschildrenofallages.Childrenunder3arefree.RatesPerPersonStartdatesSolo1room2+peopleSharingroomsJan1,2023-Dec31,2023$1,260$860Jan1,2024-Dec31,2024$1,160$760●Ratesareperpersonandexclude(排除)theinternationalflightfrom/toyourhomecountry.21.HowmuchwillacouplepayatleastinSeptember2024?A.$860. B.$1160. C.$1520. D.$1720.22.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetourfromthetext?A.startsonspecificandfixeddays.B.Itonlyacceptstouristsabove3yearsold.CItisaluxurytourwithfancyaccommodation.D.Itissuitableforviewingwildlifeandeco-system.23.Wheremightthetextbetakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Adairyentry.C.Ageographytextbook. D.Aresearchpaper.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了黄石国家公园旅游信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据RatesPerPerson(人均费用)部分表格中信息可知，在2024年1月1日到2024年12月31日期间的2人以上共用房间是760美元每人，所以，在2024年9月，一对夫妇两人至少要付：760*2=1520美元。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“WithinYellowstone’s2.2millionacres,visitorshavewonderfulopportunitiestoobservewildlifeinawell-preservedecosystemandviewgeologicwondersliketheGrandCanyon(峡谷)oftheYellowstoneRiver.(在黄石公园220万英亩的土地上，游客们有绝佳的机会在保存完好的生态系统中观察野生动物，并欣赏黄石河大峡谷等地质奇观。)”可知，黄石国家公园旅游适合观赏野生动物和生态系统。故选D项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“YellowstoneTour(黄石公园之旅)”和文中“TourFeatures(旅游特色)”和“RatesPerPerson(人均费用)”可推知，本文可能出自一本介绍了黄石国家公园旅游信息的旅游手册。故选A项。BWhenIfirstheardaboutSummitLearning,IadmittedIwasnotabithappyandexcitedatall.Ithoughtitwouldrequireinteractionswithothers.Butlater,IwasastonishedwhenIgottoexperienceitfirsthand.Recently,wedidapoetryproject,andoneoftheactivitieswasapeer(同伴)review.Iwouldneverhavetakenpartifitwasuptome,asIpreferredtoworkindependently.ButwhenIgotinvolved,Ifoundintheexperience,IhaddonesomethingthatIthoughtwasnearlyimpossible—itmademypoetrybetter.MypartnerinformedmeofmymistakesandtoldmewhereIcouldgivemoredetail.Oneofourfinalproductsoftheprojectwastopresentourpoetrytotheclass.I’vealwayslovedpublicspeakingbutIthoughtwithSummitLearning,Iwouldhavefewerchancestospeak.Iwaswrong.Thepeeractivitieswedidwithapartnergavememorebeliefinmyabilityandinspiredmetodomoretomakemypresentationthebestitcouldpossiblybe.InteractionslikethesearewhatSummitLearningisallabout.Thisstyleoflearningbringsapositiveandhard-workingculturethatallowsustopushourboundariesandkeepgoingItcreatesasenseofcommunitysinceweareallworkingtowardsasimilargoal.Asanactiveboy,Ihavealwaysbeenaheadandadvanced,butinanormalclassroom,therearerestrictionsonwhatIcando.WithSummitLearning,IcangobeyondexpectationsinprojectsormoveaheadinlearningnewcontentwhenI’mready.Ihaveownershipofmyworkandpursuemygoals.SummitLearninghasshowedmehowmuchpeoplecangrowandchange.Ithashelpedmeseepeopleandmyselfdifferently.Ithasbeenoneofthegreatestexperiencesofmylife,andIcannotseemyselfgoingbacktoanormalclassroom.24.Whatwastheauthor’sinitialresponsetoSummitLearning?A.Hewasastonishedtohearaboutit. B.Hewasabitexcitedaboutit.C.Hewasunwillingtoattendit. D.Hewascuriousabouthowitworked.25.Howdidtheauthorbenefitfromthepoetryproject?A.Itremindedhimtobeindependent. B.Itimprovedhispoemandconfidence..C.Itraisedhimasenseofresponsibility. D.Itallowedhimtodeliverapublicspeech.26.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSummitLearning?A.Ithasrestrictionsonwhatonecando.B.Itshowsboundariesofone’sabilities.C.Itteachespoetryinanormalclassroom.D.Ittransformsthetraditionalwayoflearning.27.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofSummitLearningnow?A.Inspiring. B.Enjoyable. C.Challengıng. D.Conservative.【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加SummitLearning课程的经历和感受。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“WhenIfirstheardaboutSummitLearning,IadmittedIwasnotabithappyandexcitedatall.(当我第一次听说SummitLearning的时候，我承认我一点也不高兴和兴奋)”和第二段的“Iwouldneverhavetakenpartifitwasuptome,asIpreferredtoworkindependently.(如果由我来决定，我绝不会参加，因为我更喜欢独立工作)”可知，作者对SummitLearning的第一反应是不想参加。故选C。25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thepeeractivitieswedidwithapartnergavememorebeliefinmyabilityandinspiredmetodomoretomakemypresentationthebestitcouldpossiblybe.(我们和一个伙伴一起做的同伴活动让我对自己的能力更有信心，并激励我做更多的事情，使我的演讲尽可能最好)”可知，诗歌活动提高了作者的诗歌和信心。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Asanactiveboy,Ihavealwaysbeenaheadandadvanced,butinanormalclassroom,therearerestrictionsonwhatIcando.WithSummitLearning,IcangobeyondexpectationsinprojectsormoveaheadinlearningnewcontentwhenI’mready.Ihaveownershipofmyworkandpursuemygoals.(作为一个好动的男孩，我一直走在前面，不断进步，但是在一个正常的教室里，我所能做的是有限制的。有了SummitLearning，我可以在项目中超越预期，或者在我准备好的时候继续学习新内容。我对自己的工作有主人翁精神，并追求自己的目标)”推知，SummitLearning转变了学习的方式。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“SummitLearninghasshowedmehowmuchpeoplecangrowandchange.Ithashelpedmeseepeopleandmyselfdifferently.Ithasbeenoneofthegreatestexperiencesofmylife,andIcannotseemyselfgoingbacktoanormalclassroom.(峰会学习向我展示了人可以成长和改变多少。它帮助我以不同的方式看待别人和自己。这是我一生中最伟大的经历之一，我无法想象自己会回到正常的教室)”可推知，作者认为SummitLearning非常有启发意义的。故选A。CMostofuswouldliketobemorecreative,butweassumethereislittlewecandoaboutit.PsychologyprofessorK.AndersEricssonclaimsthatwithenoughpractice,anyofuscanbecomeexperts.However,heisquicktoaddthatthisrequiresaspecifickindofpracticethatEricssoncalls‘deliberatepractice’:thatis,pushingbeyondone’scomfortzoneandsettinggoalsthatareaboveone’scurrentlevelofperformance.Hesayshehasyettofindthelimitsonbeingsuccessfulandhedoesn’tbelievethemtobereal.Ericssonhaslookedprimarilyatartisticandathleticskills,butcanthesefindingsapplytocreativity?Mostexpertsagreethatevenifmostpeoplecannothopetobecomecreativegeniuses,theycanlearntobecomemorecreativethroughpractice.Psychologistsclaimthatthereareactuallytwolevelsofcreativity,whichtheyrefertoas’BigC’and‘smallc’.BigCcreativityappliestobreakthroughideas,onesthatmaychangethecourseofafieldorevenhistory.Smallccreativityreferstoeverydaycreativeproblemsolving,likecreatinganewrecipeorimprovingaprocess,whichpsychologistssubdividefurtherintosimilaranddifferentthinking.Similarthinkinginvolvesexaminingallthefactsandarrivingatasinglesolution.Incontrast,differentthinkinginvolvescomingupwithmanypossiblesolutions.Whatmostpeoplethinkofascreativitygenerallyinvolvesdifferentthinkingandcanbetaught,practisedandlearnt.Evenwithpractice,differentthinkingalonecannotmakeonecreative,however.ScottBarryKaufman,acognitivepsychologist,saysthatmostcreativepeopleshareonepersonalityquality:opennesstonewexperience.Sincethisqualityandtheseprocesseshavebeenidentified,lesscreativepeoplecantrytoemulatethem.Normally,wetendtoreproducewhatwealreadyknowbecausecreativeideasmoveusintounfamiliarterritoryinvolvingrisksandfollowingtheusualbehaviorsiscomfortable.Movingoutsideofourcomfortzone,engagingindeliberatepracticeandtoleratingcontradictoryideas,riskandfailureareallthingswecanlearntodobetter.Itisunlikelythatdoingsowilltransformanyofusintocreativegeniuses,butitdoeshavethepotentialtoincreaseourlevelofcreativity.28.WhydoesEricssonthinkhecan’tfindthelimits?A.Norestrictionsexist. B.Practicemakesperfect.C.Eachonecansucceed. D.Thegoalisambitious.29.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof‘smallc’?A.Settlinginouterspace.B.Buildingaplasticdoghouse.C.Developingrobotstolookaftertheold.D.Explainingthetheoryofevolutioninclass.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emulate”inparagraph3mean?A.Justify. B.Limit. C.Copy. D.Assess.31.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Wecanlearntobemorecreative.B.Lifeisfullofvariouschallenges.C.It’sbettertotakedeliberatepractice.D.Mostcanbecomecreativegeniuses.【答案】28.A29.B30.C31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是通过练习，我们可以提高我们的创造力。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Hesayshehasyettofindthelimitsonbeingsuccessfulandhedoesn’tbelievethemtobereal.(他说他还没有找到成功的限制，他不相信这些限制是真的。)”可知，埃里克森认为他找不到极限是因为不存在任何限制。故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Smallccreativityreferstoeverydaycreativeproblemsolving,likecreatinganewrecipeorimprovingaprocess,whichpsychologistssubdividefurtherintosimilaranddifferentthinking.(小创造力指的是日常创造性地解决问题，比如创造一个新配方或改进一个过程，心理学家将其进一步细分为相似和不同的思维。)”可知，建一个塑料狗窝是“小c”的例子，因为这是创造一个新东西的过程，故选B。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“Normally,wetendtoreproducewhatwealreadyknowbecausecreativeideasmoveusintounfamiliarterritoryinvolvingrisksandfollowingtheusualbehaviorsiscomfortable.(通常情况下，我们倾向于复制我们已经知道的东西，因为创造性的想法会把我们带入一个充满风险的陌生领域，而遵循通常的行为是舒适的。)”可知，划线词所在句子的意思是“由于这种品质和这些过程已经被确定，缺乏创造力的人可以尝试模仿他们”，划线词的意思是“模仿，复制”，和copy意思相近，故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“Movingoutsideofourcomfortzone,engagingindeliberatepracticeandtoleratingcontradictoryideas,riskandfailureareallthingswecanlearntodobetter.Itisunlikelythatdoingsowilltransformanyofusintocreativegeniuses,butitdoeshavethepotentialtoincreaseourlevelofcreativity.(走出我们的舒适区，进行不经意的练习，容忍矛盾的想法，风险和失败，这些都是我们可以学会做得更好的事情。这样做不太可能把我们中的任何一个人变成有创造力的天才，但它确实有可能提高我们的创造力水平。)”可知，本文主要讲的是通过练习，我们可以提高我们的创造力，因此本文主要想表达的是“我们可以学着更有创造力”。故选A。DAncientbuildersacrosstheworldcreatedstructuresthatarestillstandingtoday,thousandsofyearslater.Yettheconcretethatmakesupmuchofourmodernworldhasalifespanofaround50to100years.Agrowingnumberofscientistshavebeenstudyingmaterialsfromlong-agoeras,hopingtouncoverhowthey’veheldupformillennia.ManyresearchershaveturnedtotheRomansforinspiration.Startingaround200BCE,thearchitectsoftheRomanEmpirewerebuildingimpressiveconcretestructuresthathavestoodthetestoftime.Eveninharbors,whereseawaterhasbeenbatteringstructuresforages,you’llfindconcretebasicallythewayitwaswhenitwaspoured2,000yearsago.MostmodernconcretestartswithPortlandcement,apowdermadebyheatinglimestoneandclaytosuper-hightemperaturesandcrushingthem.Thatcementismixedwithwatertocreateachemicallyreactivepaste.Then,blocksofmateriallikerockandgravelareadded,andthecementpastemixesthemintoaconcretemass.Accordingtorecordsfromancientarchitects,theRomanprocesswassimilar.Theancientbuildersmixedmaterialslikeburntlimestoneandvolcanicsandwithwaterandgravel,creatingchemicalreactionstostickeverythingtogether.Inastudypublishedearlierthisyear,AdmirMasic,acivilandenvironmentalengineer,proposedthatthispowercomesfromblocksoflimethatarescatteredthroughouttheRomanmaterialinsteadofbeingmixedinevenly.ResearchersusedtothinktheseblockswereasignthattheRomansweren’tmixinguptheirmaterialswellenough.Instead,afteranalyzingconcretesamplesfromPrivernum—anancientcityoutsideofRome—thescientistsfoundthattheblockscouldfuelthematerial’s“self-healing”abilities.Whencracksform,waterisabletoflowintotheconcrete,Masicexplained.Thatwateractivatestheleftoverlime,leadingtonewchemicalreactionsthatcanfillinthedamagedsections.Theancientarchitecturessuggestedusingextractsfromlocalchukumandjiotetreesinthelimemix.Whenresearcherstestedouttherecipe,theyfoundtheresultingplasterwasespeciallydurableagainstphysicalandchemicaldamage.Studieshavefoundallkindsofnaturalmaterialsmixedintostructuresfromlongago:fruitextracts,milk,cheesecurd,beer,evendungandurine.ThepastethatholdstogethersomeofChina’smostfamousstructures—includingtheGreatWallandtheForbiddenCity—includestracesofstickyrice.“Someoftheseancientbuildersmighthavejustgottenlucky”,saidCeciliaPesce,amaterialsscientistattheUniversityofSheffieldinEngland,“They’dthrowjustaboutanythingintotheirmixes,aslongasitwascheapandavailable.”Today’sbuilderscan’tjustcopytheancientrecipes.EventhoughRomanconcretelastedalongtime,itcouldn’tholdupheavyloads:“Youcouldn’tbuildamodernskyscraperwithRomanconcrete,”Ceciliasaid.“Itwouldcollapse.”Instead,researchersaretryingtotakesomeoftheancientmaterial’sspecialtiesandaddthemintomodernmixes.32.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.LimeblocksinRomanconcreteindicatepoormixingofmaterials.B.AncientRomanconcretestructureshavewitnessedalonghistory.C.ModernbuildersareconfusedabouttheRomanmethodofconstruction.D.Theconcreteusedinmodernstructureshasalifespanofover200years.33.Whatisproposedasapossibleexplanationfortheself-healingabilitiesofRomanconcrete?A.Theuniformmixingoflimeintheconcrete.B.Theuseofextractsfromchukumandjiotetrees.C.Theadditionofwhateverwaswithinreachinthemix.D.Thescatteringofblocksoflimethroughoutthematerial.34.Thepassagementionsthattoday’sbuilderscan’tsimplycopyancientrecipesbecause______.A.ancientrecipeswerenotwell-documentedB.ancientmaterialsweretooexpensiveC.ancientmaterialscouldn’tholdupheavyloadsD.ancientbuildersusedmaterialsthatarenolongeravailable35.Accordingtothepassage,whydosomeresearchersbelieveancientbuildersincludedvariousnaturalmaterialsintheirmixes?A.Toenhancethebeautyofthestructures.B.Tomaketheconstructionprocessmorecost-effective.C.Tocreatestructuresthatwereresistanttochemicaldamage.D.Tofollowancienttraditionswithoutconsideringeffectiveness.【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒的原因。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Startingaround200BCE,thearchitectsoftheRomanEmpirewerebuildingimpressiveconcretestructuresthathavestoodthetestoftime.Eveninharbors,whereseawaterhasbeenbatteringstructuresforages,you’llfindconcretebasicallythewayitwaswhenitwaspoured2,000yearsago.(从公元前200年左右开始，罗马帝国的建筑师们开始建造令人印象深刻的混凝土结构，这些结构经受住了时间的考验。即使是在海港里，海水冲刷建筑物已经有很长时间了，你也会发现混凝土基本上还是2000年前浇筑时的样子)”可知，古罗马混凝土结构见证了悠久的历史。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Inastudypublishedearlierthisyear,AdmirMasic,acivilandenvironmentalengineer,proposedthatthispowercomesfromblocksoflimethatarescatteredthroughouttheRomanmaterialinsteadofbeingmixedinevenly.ResearchersusedtothinktheseblockswereasignthattheRomansweren’tmixinguptheirmaterialswellenough.Instead,afteranalyzingconcretesamplesfromPrivernum—anancientcityoutsideofRome—thescientistsfoundthattheblockscouldfuelthematerial’s“self-healing”abilities.Whencracksform,waterisabletoflowintotheconcrete,Masicexplained.Thatwateractivatestheleftoverlime,leadingtonewchemicalreactionsthatcanfillinthedamagedsections.(在今年早些时候发表的一项研究中，土木和环境工程师AdmirMasic提出，这种能量来自分散在罗马材料中的石灰块，而不是均匀混合在一起。研究人员过去认为，这些石块表明罗马人没有很好地混合材料。相反，在分析了Privernum——罗马以外的一个古老城市——的混凝土样本后，科学家们发现这些砖块可以促进材料的“自我修复”能力。Masic解释说，当裂缝形成时，水就会流入混凝土中。这些水激活了剩余的石灰，导致新的化学反应，可以填补受损的部分)”可知，遍布材料的石灰块使得罗马混凝土具有自我修复的能力。故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“EventhoughRomanconcretelastedalongtime,itcouldn’tholdupheavyloads:“Youcouldn’tbuildamodernskyscraperwithRomanconcrete,”Ceciliasaid.“Itwouldcollapse.”(尽管罗马混凝土使用了很长时间，但它无法承受沉重的负荷:“你无法用罗马混凝土建造一座现代摩天大楼，”塞西莉亚说。“它会崩溃。”)”可知，今天的建造者不能简单地复制古代的方法，因为古代的材料不能承受沉重的负荷。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Someoftheseancientbuildersmighthavejustgottenlucky”,saidCeciliaPesce,amaterialsscientistattheUniversityofSheffieldinEngland,“They’dthrowjustaboutanythingintotheirmixes,aslongasitwascheapandavailable.”(英国谢菲尔德大学的材料科学家CeciliaPesce说：“一些古代建造者可能只是运气好，他们会把任何东西都扔进混合物里，只要便宜、容易买到。”)”可推知，一些研究人员认为，古代建筑者在他们的混合物中加入了各种天然材料，以使施工过程更具成本效益。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。24SolarTerms:8thingsyoumaynotknowaboutFrost’sDescentThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.Frost’sDescent(霜降),the18thsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonOct23andendsonNov6.____36____,duringwhichtimetheweatherbecomesmuchcolderthanbeforeandfrostbeginstoappear.HerearefourthingsyoushouldknowaboutFrost’sDescent.Frostyautumn____37____.DuringFrost’sDescent,frostbeginstoappear.ButinthelowerreachesoftheYellowRiverregion,frostfirstappearsinlateOctoberorearlyNovember.AsFrost’sDescentcomes,theworldisfilledwiththeatmosphereoflateautumn.EatingfruitEatingpersimmonsduringFrost’sDescentcanhelppeopleresistthecoldandprotecttheirbones.Inthecountryside,peoplebelievethattheirlipswillcrackiftheydon’teatpersimmonsduringthisperiod.TheappleisonekindofrecommendedfruitduringFrost’sDescent.Applescanmoistenthelungs,quenchone’sthirstandhelpone’sdigestion.____38____.Itcanpromotethesecretionofbodyliquids,clearawayheatandreducesputum.EatingduckIt’sacustomtoeatduckonthefirstdayofFrost’sDescentinsouthFujianprovince.ThereisasayinginFujianwhichgoes,“EvennourishingallyearisnotasgoodasnourishingthehumanbodyonthefirstdayofFrost’sDescent.”____39____.____40____PeopleinareassuchasDaxincountyinGuangxiZhuangautonomousregioncelebratethefirstdayofFrost’sDescent.IntheFrost’sDescentFestival,theZhuangpeopleoffersacrifi