宾语从句讲解课件

MainlyRevisionObjectClauses宾语从句张丽华一．教学任务复习宾语从句

二．教学重点

1.宾语从句的概念2.宾语从句的引导词

3.宾语从句中的语序

4.宾语从句的时态变化

教学难点

1.if与whether的区别2.when与if引导的宾语从句和状语从句3.宾语从句与简单句的互换

问题一:什么是宾语?宾语表示及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系的对象,常由名词或相当与名词的词担任,置于及物动词或介词（动词词组）后。Ilike

myteacher.（名词作宾语）Iknow

him.（代词作宾语）Howishegettingalongwith

hisEnglish?Ienjoy

playingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Iaminterestedin

playingpiano.Hebought

meapen.(双宾语）Wekeep

it

asecret.Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）.

宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。Ilikemyteacher.

Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）IknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）Sheaskediftheanswerwasright.(句子作宾语）

We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语

主s谓v宾o简单句复合句试比较问题二:什么是宾语从句?Healwayspaysattentionto

whatevertheteachersays.Hetalkedof

howhehelpedtheoldman.Iamsure(that)youlookednicethatevening.Heisafraid(that)hecan’tgotonight.Ithink(that)yourclothesfitwell.Hecouldn’ttellmewherehishomewas.DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航员)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.

Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClauses

WeareproudofthatBeijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.二、宾语从句三要素连接词时态呼应陈述语序thatif/whether特殊疑问词连接词+主语+谓语+其他（that）+陈述句Hethinks,“Lucylikesschool.”Hethinks(that）Lucylikesschool.2.if/whether+一般疑问句Heasked,“WasLucylateagain?”Heaskedif

Lucywaslateagain.3.特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句Heasksme,“WhenwillLucycome?”HeasksmewhenLucywillcome.that１．当陈述句充当宾语时，由____

连接练一练1.Thisisabook.-----Iknow2.Youlikesinging.-----Shesays3.Heworkedlastnight.---Iknow4.Theywillgohome.---TellLucy主句(2)DoesKategetupearly?Doyouknow?Doyouknowif/whether

Kategetsupearly?(1)IsJimagoodstudent?

Idon’tknow．Idon’tknowif/whether

Jimisagoodstudent.２当一般疑问句充当宾语，由________

连接if/whether练一练1.Ishereading?1）Wasshelateyesterday?2.DoesTomworkhard?2)DidyouwatchTV?3.Willtheyreadbooks?3)Canyousing?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Theteacherasks…if/whether注意：只能用whether不用if的三种情况一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：1.与ornot连用：

Heaskedme

whetherornot

Iwascoming.2.在介词之后：

Itdepends

onwhether

itisgoingtorain.3.在不定式之前：

Wehaven’tdecided

whetherto

gothere.4.作主语只能用whether

Whetherhewillcomeisnotdecided.3.当特殊疑问句充当宾语时，由________

连接．Eg:1.What

isshedoing?Canyoutellme?Canyoutellmewhat

sheisdoing?2.Where

doesshelive?Doyouknow?Doyouknowwhere

shelives?特殊疑问词练一练Whatisthis?Whatareyoudoing?Wheredoyoulive?Whendoeshegetup?Howdidyougotowork?Whowillyouplaywith?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Canyoutellme…Helensaysthat

shewilllearnFrenchnextyear.Doyouknowwhere

hecomesfrom?Heaskedmeif

Icouldgettothebusstationontime.三.宾语从句的语序---陈述语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。

练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：

1.Isthereabanknearhere?

2.IsitonFifthAvenue?3.Aretheydoinghomework?

Thereisabanknearhere

Itis

onFifthAvenue

Theyare

doinghomework

4.Doessheworkinahospital?5.DidyougotoCenterPark?6.Dowehavetowearauniform?

sheworksinahospital

youwenttoCenterParkwehavetowearauniformwecanwearhatsinschool

7.Canwewearhatsinschool?8.Where’syourpenpalfrom?

9.Wheredoeshelive?10.Whatlanguagedoesshespeak?11.Whydoyoulikepandas?

Whereyourpenpalisfrom

WherehelivesWhatlanguageshespeaks

Whyyoulikepandas将下列问句变成陈述句1.Whotellsyouthenews?

→Canyoutellme

2.Whichisthewaytothebank?→Iwanttoknow

3.What'swrongwithyou?

→Iwonder

4.Whathappenedtoyou?→Heaskedme

5.Whichisthewaytothestation?→Pleasetellme

.?

想一想为什么这些句子的语序不变？

四.宾语从句的时态变化Ihear(that)Jim

(be)

aworkertwoyearsago.Jim

(be)anEnglishteachernow.

Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim

(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.

填一填wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heis

sick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinished

hiswork.1)He

toHongKong.2)He

sick.3)He

abook.4)He

hiswork.Hesaid辨一辨wouldgo

waswasreading

hadfinished确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)work主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态由从句决定一般过去时一般现在时work一般过去时worked一般过去时worked过去完成时hadworked一般将来时willwork过去将来时wouldwork现在进行时isworking过去进行时wasworking现在完成时haveworked过去完成时hadworked3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）Hetoldme(that)SummerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.

Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.比一比比一比Idon’tknowwhereIshouldgo.TellmehowIcandoit.Idon’tknowwheretogo.Tellmehowtodoit.你有什么发现？

结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句←→疑问词+todo的简单句。

条件：(1).主主从主

(2).主(间)宾从主五.宾语从句与简单句的转换①②练一练1.Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.(变为简单句→Idon’tknow

____________next.2.Johndidn’tdecidewhichbookhewouldbuy.(变为简单句）→Johndidn’tdecide_____________

.3.Canyoutellmehowtogettothebusstop?(变为复合句）→Canyoutellme____________thebusstop?4.PleasetellLucyhowtousetheMP5.(变为复合句）→Canyoutell

Lucy_____________theMP5.WhattodowhichbooktobuyhowIcangetto

howshecanuse

1.Couldyoutellme

wegettothe place?A．how B．whetherC．whereD．what2.Theteachersays

shewillleavea messageontheheadmaster’sdesk.A．if B．who C．that D．what3.Iamnotsure____hewillcometomorrow.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.who4.---Doyouremember___hecame?---Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.ifAC解题指导一：判断语义，选择连接词Exercises:BA5.Doyouknowhowmuchhotwater

?A．Mumisneeded B．doesMumneedC．Mumneeds D．didMumneed6.Canyoutellme

?A．whereheis B．whereisheC．heiswhere D．whatishe7.Iwanttoknowhowlong .A．hashebeenback B．hashecomebackC．hehasbeenback D．hehascomebackCAC解题指导二：陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语，8.Ithoughthe____toseehismotherifhe_____time. A．willgo…has B．willgo…willhaveC．wouldgo…wouldhave D．wouldgo…had9.Doyouknow＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿?A.whatthenewsare B.whatisthenewsC.whatthenewsis D.whatarethenewsＤＣ解题指导三:时态呼应若主句时态是现在时态，宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定；若主句是过去时态，宾语从句的时态要用过去的某个时态，客观真理除外。8.Ididn’tknowhow

toLondon?A．wouldtheygo B．aretheygoingC．theywouldgo D．theyaregoingC()1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.

A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake

()2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.

A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergone

C.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen

()3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.

A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are

（）4SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.

A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay

()5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.

A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled

()1Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?

A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that

()2Idon'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.

A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where

()3Ihardlyunderstand___hehastoldme.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who

()4Shedidn'tknow___backsoon.

A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe

()5Idon'tknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.

A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when

()6Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?

A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow

()7Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.

AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose

()2.Pleasetellme______lastyear.

A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterwork

CwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked()3.SheaskedmeifIknew______.

A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwas

C.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit()4.Youmustremember________.

A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersay

C.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid

()5Didyouknow____?

A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingfor

C.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter

()6Couldyoutellme___?

A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijing

C.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijingⅠ.Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1

Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?

2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3

Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.

4

Doyouknowwhocaritis?

wasiswhose六.课堂检测4．Lily’smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind________?whatLilywas

B.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLily

C3.—Wedon’tknow______.--ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere

C5Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake6Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelledAC7.Couldyoupleasetellme________hewillcomeheretomorrow?A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.which

A8.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijingCⅢ.完成句子。1.Ihear(that)he______________inanhour.（我听说他一小时后回来。）Willbeback2.Hesaid(that)he______________verymuch