2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析（71-72）讲义-高考英语一轮复习

长难句翻译Iwasn’tsatisfiedandIwasn’tconvincedthattheinterventionstheywouldeventuallyimplementwouldactuallyhavethelevelofimpactthatwassoclearlyneeded.72.Thissuccess,coupledwithlaterresearchshowingthatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,ledEricssontoconcludethattheactofmemorizingismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.长难句翻译解析71.Iwasn’tsatisfiedandIwasn’tconvincedthattheinterventionstheywouldeventuallyimplementwouldactuallyhavethelevelofimpactthatwassoclearlyneeded.第一步：断句该句的信号词有：①连接词and②从句引导词that③语义断句④语义断句⑤从句引导词that所以断句完成后如下：Iwasn’tsatisfied/andIwasn’tconvinced/thattheinterventions/theywouldeventuallyimplement/wouldactuallyhavethelevelofimpact/thatwassoclearlyneeded.第二步：找主谓，定主从第一个主谓结构是Iwasn’tsatisfied；第二个主谓结构是Iwasn’tconvinced;第三个主谓结构是theinterventionswouldhave;第四个主谓结构是theywouldimplement;第五个主谓结构是thatwas。根据信号词也可以判断该句有4个从句，找完后标记如下：Iwasn’tsatisfied/andIwasn’tconvinced/thattheinterventions/theywouldeventuallyimplement/wouldactuallyhavethelevelofimpact/thatwassoclearlyneeded.第三步：分析主句和从句.本句的主干是：Iwasn’tsatisfiedandIwasn’tconvincedtheinterventionswouldhavetheimpact.①这一部分是本句的主干部分，这里有两个重要形容词satisfied和convinced。我们来学习一些相关用法。besatisfiedwith,表示对某事物满意；beconvinced(that)…确信…,信服…;beconvincedofsth.对…确信。②这一小句，其实隐藏着一个定语从句，在上一节长难句分析中，我们也提到过这种that定语从句省略连接词的情况，就是当定语从句先行词是物，关系代词which/that充当从句中的宾语时可以省略。这里的interventions可以看做先行词，作后面动词implement的宾语。这半句的意思是“他们最终采取的干涉措施”。这小半句中有两个可能大家不太熟悉的单词，可以学习一下做一下笔记。intervention:[n.]干涉，干预，介入。例如：governmentinterventiontoregulateprices，政府介入以控制物价。implement:[v.]执行，贯彻，实施。例如：implementapolicy/plan/decision，执行政策/计划/决议。③这一句稍微有点复杂，很多同学可能会有点困惑，其实这里可以看作是that引导的主语从句，这一句从前面开头看起：[thatthe…wouldactually…ofimpact]，先移出我们刚刚分析的定语从句，这句主语从句完整的就是：“thattheinterventionswouldactuallyhavethelevelofimpact.”分析完句子结构，我们来看一下这个句子里面的重点词组，havethe(an)impact(on/upon)：对…有影响,对…有作用。④这一句是that引导的定语从句，这里连接词that修饰的先行词是impact，这半句的意思是“这种影响水平切实需要”。下面看一下在经过省略和润色后的翻译吧~【参考译文】我并不满足，也并不相信他们最终采取的那些干涉措施能够切实满足需求。Thissuccess,coupledwithlaterresearchshowingthatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,ledEricssontoconcludethattheactofmemorizingismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.01断句该句的信号词有：①标点符号逗号②从句引导词that③标点符号逗号④从句引导词that⑤介词短语bemoreof...than...所以断句完成后如下：Thissuccess,/coupledwithlaterresearchshowing/thatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,/ledEricssontoconclude/thattheactofmemorizing/ismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.02找主谓，定主从第一个主谓结构是第一小句thissuccessled；第二个主谓结构是memoryisdetermined;第三个主谓结构是theactofmemorizingis;根据信号词也可以判断该句有2个从句，找完后标记如下：Thissuccess,/coupledwithlaterresearchshowing/thatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,/ledEricssontoconclude/thattheactofmemorizing/ismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.03.分析主句和从句本句的主干是：ThissuccessledEricssontoconcludethat....①这个句子虽然短，但是修饰成分很多，我们在找主干的时候要去移出这些成分，确定句子的主谓成分，Thissuccess是本句的主语，谓语部分并没有直接跟在后面，而是在距离较远的后面，led才是本剧的谓语，led是动词lead的过去式，译为“引导，促使，导致...”②这里coupledwith...作伴随，相当于and。这里的意思是：（这种成功）和之后的研究...coupledwith:加上....,外加；与...相结合...eg:Overproduction,coupledwithfallingsales,hasledtohugelossesforthepany.生产过剩加上销售下降使这家公司遭受巨大损失。类似的短语表达有：alongwith;binedwith③在这半句中，现在分词短语showinthat..作后置定语，修饰前面的laterresearch；这里的that引导的是一个宾语从句，作showing的宾语，这半句译为：表明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究...下面学习一下本句的生词：genetically:adv.基因的，遗传的；从遗传学角度，从基因方面eg:Somepeoplearegeneticallypredisposedtodiabetes.有些人因遗传因素而易患糖尿病。（柯林斯英汉双解大词典）determine:v.决定，左右；查明，确定determinetodosth:todecidetodosomething决定做某事eg:Wedeterminedtoleaveatonce.我们决定立刻离开。④最后半句是句子主干的谓语部分。that引导宾语从句，作conclude的宾语。在这半句中有一些重要单词和短语的用法需要同学们做笔记加深印象，我们一起来学习一下吧~lead(过去式和过去分词都是led）leadsbtodosth引导某人做某事；导致某人做某事eg：Hertrustingnatureoftenledherintotrouble.它容易轻信别人的性格经常使她遇到麻烦。conclude:v.作出...结论，推断出...conclusion:n.结论concludethat..eg:Thereportconcludedthattheschoolshouldbeclosedimmediatelly.报告的结论是这所学校应该立刻关闭。bemoreofsththansth:与其说...，倒不如说eg：Itwasmoreofaholidaythanatrainingexercise.与其说是培训活动，还不如说是度假。cognitive:adj.认知的，认知过程的。intuitive:[想法]（出于）直觉的eg:Heseemedtohaveanintuitiveawarnessofhowileft.他好像凭直觉就知道我的感受。04参考译文这种成功和后来表明记忆并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结到，记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说是一种习得的行为。高考英语名词部分真题演练名词noun1．【湖南省长沙市第一中学2023年高三试题】ResearchersatStanfordUniversityhavesaidthatlisteningtomusiccanchangeourbrainactivitiesandthatmusiccanbereachedeasily,makingitahelpfulstress_______(reduce)tool.2.【湖北省武汉市第一中学20222023学年高三试题】Now,theseedlingsofthetallshootricevarietyhavereacheda______(high)ofabout30cm.3.【2023届湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高三4月押题】Thezonewillachievezerocarbon___________(operate)inallaspects.4.【河南省南阳市一中2023年高三试题】Unliketraditionalpaintings,ontowhichcolorsare“added,”“knifepainters”applyvariedpressureonthepaperindifferent______(direction)tocreatedifferentcolorsandtones.5.【2023届河南省焦作市普通高中高三第二次模拟考试英语试题】Becauseits______(long)is21,196.18km,itiswidelynamed“WanliChangcheng”.ThereareNorthernGreatWallandSouthernGreatWall,accordingtothelocations.6.【江西省临川第一中学2023年高三期末】Theyfoundonestarthatappearedtobeaffectedbygravityfromanunseenobjectnearby.Followup_________(observation)confirmedthatthisobjectwasablackhole.7.【2023届江西省金溪一中等七校高三联考试卷】IfyouaskChineseyoungpeopletodaywhattheirdreamjobis,theymayanswerwithanumberofnewoccupationsyouhaveprobablyneverheardofbefore,suchasvirtualartist,shoppingassistantorsleephotlineoperator.Besidesbeingrelativelynew,thesejobsgivepeoplemuch________(flexible)toenjoylife’smanyotherpursuits.8.【2023届福建省厦门市第一中学一模试题】AccordingtoWuYiqin,vicepresidentoftheChinaWritersAssociation,theproject_______(aim)tocultivateyoungwritersandliteratureworkersfromthegrassrootsandpublishgoodqualitynovelsthathave_______(vary)themessuchasthecountry’sefforttoliftmillionsofpeopleoutof_________(poor)andruralvitalization.9.【安徽省安庆二中2023年高三质量检测】Farfrombeingnarrowmindedandhostileto__________(foreign)，peoplecameuptotalktomethefirsttimeIwentoutonthestreet.10.【浙江省金华十校2023年高三4月二模试题】Thefirsteveronlinemarketplaceforallotments(菜地),AllotMe,hasunveiledplansforrapid_______(expand)aftersecuringmorethan250,000$frominvestors.11.【2023届江苏南京师范大学附属中学高三一模适应性考试英语试题】Fromascientificpointofview,thereisaneedtocloselywatchthedevelopmentofsuch________(technology)beforereachingaconclusionabouttheirefficacyandhelpfulnature.12.【吉林省东北师范大学附属中学2023年高三二模试卷】Mostofthemainice________(build)intheparkhavebeenfinishedandtheparkisexpectedtoopeninafewdays.13.【2023届辽宁省沈阳市二中第三次模拟考试英语试题】Moreover,thesugarpaintingartistshavegainedincreasing_____30_____(recognize).14.【石家庄二中2023年高三第二学期南北联考试题】Thisfamous____8____(attract),Yuzui,togetherwithtwootherimportantparts,namelyFeishayanandBaopingkou,wasscientificallydesignedtocontrolthewaterflowthroughouttheyear.15.【江苏省新高考基地学校2023年高三3月大联考试题】Boiledteaisservedinhomes,workplaces,teahouses,restaurantsandtemplesandusedasanimportantmediumformunicationinsocializingand________(ceremony)suchasweddingsandsacrifices.02答案及解析1．【湖南省长沙市第一中学2023年高三试题】ResearchersatStanfordUniversityhavesaidthatlisteningtomusiccanchangeourbrainactivitiesandthatmusiccanbereachedeasily,makingitahelpfulstress_______(reduce)tool.【答案】reduction/reducing【详解】考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：斯坦福大学的研究人员说，听音乐可以改变我们的大脑活动，而且音乐很容易接触，这使它成为一种有用的减压工具。此处作定语修饰tool，表示“减压”可用名词reduction，或ing形式reducing。故填reduction/reducing。2.【湖北省武汉市第一中学20222023学年高三试题】Now,theseedlingsofthetallshootricevarietyhavereacheda______(high)ofabout30cm.【答案】height【详解】考查名词。句意：现在，高茎水稻品种的幼苗已经长到约30厘米高。分析句子机构可知，空前是介词at，所以空处应填名词，high的名词形式是height。故填height。3.【2023届湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高三4月押题】Thezonewillachievezerocarbon___________(operate)inallaspects.【答案】operation【详解】考查名词。句意：园区将实现全方位零碳运营。根据句意和所给动词operate以及空格前的动词achieve分析句子可知，空格处应该填入operate的名词形式operation作动词achieve的宾语，为不可数名词。故填operation。4.【河南省南阳市一中2023年高三试题】Unliketraditionalpaintings,ontowhichcolorsare“added,”“knifepainters”applyvariedpressureonthepaperindifferent______(direction)tocreatedifferentcolorsandtones.【答案】directions【详解】考查名词。句意：与传统绘画不同的是，在纸上“添加”颜色，“刀画家”在不同的方向在纸上施加不同的压力，以创造不同的颜色和色调。形容词修饰名词作介词in的宾语，different修饰用复数，故填directions。5.【2023届河南省焦作市普通高中高三第二次模拟考试英语试题】Becauseits______(long)is21,196.18km,itiswidelynamed“WanliChangcheng”.ThereareNorthernGreatWallandSouthernGreatWall,accordingtothelocations.【答案】length【详解】考查名词。句意：因为它的长度是21196.18公里，因此，它被广泛命名为“万里长城”。分析句子结构和意思可知，本空应该填long的名词形式，作主语。故填length。6.【江西省临川第一中学2023年高三期末】Theyfoundonestarthatappearedtobeaffectedbygravityfromanunseenobjectnearby.Followup_________(observation)confirmedthatthisobjectwasablackhole.【答案】observations【详解】考查名词。句意：随后的观测证实这个物体是一个黑洞。分析句子结构可知，空前是followup为形容词，所以空处应填名词，observation意为“观测”，为可数名词，根据常识知，天文观测不会只做一次，此处应用复数形式。故填observations。7.【2023届江西省金溪一中等七校高三联考试卷】IfyouaskChineseyoungpeopletodaywhattheirdreamjobis,theymayanswerwithanumberofnewoccupationsyouhaveprobablyneverheardofbefore,suchasvirtualartist,shoppingassistantorsleephotlineoperator.Besidesbeingrelativelynew,thesejobsgivepeoplemuch________(flexible)toenjoylife’smanyotherpursuits.【答案】flexibility【详解】考查名词。句意：除了相对较新之外，这些工作给了人们很大的灵活性来享受生活中的许多其他追求。分析句子成分可知，该空作动词give的宾语，又因为空前有修饰词much，故此处用所给形容词的名词。故填flexibility。8.【2023届福建省厦门市第一中学一模试题】AccordingtoWuYiqin,vicepresidentoftheChinaWritersAssociation,theproject_______(aim)tocultivateyoungwritersandliteratureworkersfromthegrassrootsandpublishgoodqualitynovelsthathave_______(vary)themessuchasthecountry’sefforttoliftmillionsofpeopleoutof_________(poor)andruralvitalization.【答案】aimsvariouspoverty【详解】1.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：据中国作家协会副主席吴宜勤介绍，该项目旨在培养来自基层的年轻作家和文学工作者，出版各种主题的高质量小说，如国家努力使数百万人摆脱贫困和乡村振兴。分析句子可知，aim是谓语动词，根据句意和上下文语境可知，用一般现在时，且主语theproject是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填aims。2.考查形容词。句意：据中国作家协会副主席吴宜勤介绍，该项目旨在培养来自基层的年轻作家和文学工作者，出版各种主题的高质量小说，如国家努力使数百万人摆脱贫困和乡村振兴。修饰名词themes用形容词作定语，故填various。3.考查名词。句意同上。介词后用名词作宾语，outofpoverty“摆脱贫困”，故填poverty。9.【安徽省安庆二中2023年高三质量检测】Farfrombeingnarrowmindedandhostileto__________(foreign)，peoplecameuptotalktomethefirsttimeIwentoutonthestreet.【答案】foreigners【详解】考查名词的数。foreigner为可数名词，此处表示人们对待外国人的态度，数量大于一，故用复数形式foreigners。10.【浙江省金华十校2023年高三4月二模试题】Thefirsteveronlinemarketplaceforallotments(菜地),AllotMe,hasunveiledplansforrapid_______(expand)aftersecuringmorethan250,000$frominvestors.【答案】expansion。【详解】考查名词。句意：首个在线小块土地市场AllotMe在从投资者手中获得逾25万美元后，显露了快速扩张的计划。rapid是形容词，修饰空处的名词，根据英文提示，应填expansion，为不可数名词；故填expansion。11.【2023届江苏南京师范大学附属中学高三一模适应性考试英语试题】Fromascientificpointofview,thereisaneedtocloselywatchthedevelopmentofsuch________(technology)beforereachingaconclusionabouttheirefficacyandhelpfulnature.【答案】technologies【详解】考查名词复数。句意：从科学的角度来看，在对这些技术的功效和有益性质得出结论之前，有必要密切关注这些技术的发展。名词technology为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。故填te