语法-第七章-形容词副词

Lead-in课堂导入Thepigeatsanapple.Theblack

pigeatsanapple.Thelittleblackpigeatsanapple.The

littleblackpigeatsaredapple.2形容词&副词第七章形容词形容词&副词副词名词或代词动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子abeautiful

flowerSheisabeautiful

girl.

Jimgoes

slowlytothewindow.修饰修饰口诀：形修名，副修动形容词

用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词被称为形容词。用法位置比较级最高级构成比较级最高级用法构词法61.形容词的用法(1)作定语。例如：Thisisaveryinterestingbook.这是一本很有趣的书。71.形容词的用法(2)作表语。例如：Thisbookisveryinteresting.这本书很有趣。81.形容词的用法(3)作补语。例如：Wefoundthisbookveryinteresting.我们发现这本书很有趣。(interesting在句中作宾补)91.形容词的用法(4)作状语。例如：Finally,hearivedhere,coldandhungry.最终，他来到这里，又冷又饿。(伴随状语)101.形容词的用法(5)“the+形容词”表示一类人。例如：Theoldandtheyoungdonotalwaysunderstandeachother.老年人和年轻人并非总能相互理解。111.形容词的用法(5)“the+形容词”表示一类人。例如：Thenewalwaystaketheplaceoftheold.新事物总会取代旧事物。121.形容词的用法【注意】

少数形容词只能作表语，不能作定语这些形容词包括ill,asleep,awake,alone,alive,well,worth,glad,

unable,

afraid等。132.形容词的位置(1)形容词通常放在它所修饰的名词前面。

如果有两个或两个以上的形容词共同修饰一个名词，这些形容词的位置由它们与被修饰名词的关系的密切程度来决定。

一般情况下，关系最密切的最靠近被修饰的名词。142.形容词的位置例如：aredflower一朵红花

152.形容词的位置例如：thisinterestingstory这个有趣的故事162.形容词的位置例如：sixblindmen六个盲人

172.形容词的位置例如：myownhouse我自己的房子两个以上的形容词修饰同一名词时的排列顺序如下所述：

限定词→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示形状的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示色彩的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词表示物质、材料的形容词→表示作用、类别的形容词→名词中心词。2.形容词的位置192.形容词的位置限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。速记口诀【注意】限定词主要有冠词、物主代词、指示代词、名词属格、数词等。202.形容词的位置速记口诀县官行令杀国材“限”“观”“形”“龄”“色”“国”“材”“县官行令杀国材”其含义是：“县”（限）代表限定词,包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等.“官”（观）代表表示观点的描绘性形容词,如fine,beautiful,interesting等.“行”（形）代表大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词,如small,tall,high,little,round等.“令”（龄）代表表示年龄、新、旧的形容词,如old,young等.“杀”（“色”的近似音）代表表示颜色的形容词,如white,black,yellow等.“国”代表表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词（或名词）,如English,American,mountain等.“材”则代表形成中心名词的材料的形容词,如stone,wooden,silk,plastic等.例如：1.afineoldstonebridge

一座古老的漂亮的石桥2.形容词的位置例如：2.twobigroundnewChinesewoodentables

两张新的中国式的木制大圆桌2.形容词的位置例如：3.hislargenewblackforeigncar

他那辆新的大型黑色外国进口汽车2.形容词的位置小试牛刀一张漂亮的圆的棕色中式写字台abeautifulrounddeskwritingChinesebrowna

beautiful

roundbrown

Chinese

writing

desk262.形容词的位置(2)形容词修饰some,any,every，no等所构成的复合不定代词时，通常放在这些词的后面。例如：Thereissomethingwrongwiththemachine.这台机器有点儿毛病。272.形容词的位置(2)形容词修饰some,any,every，no等所构成的复合不定代词时，通常放在这些词的后面。例如：Doyouknowanybodyelsehere?这儿你还有认识的人吗？3.形容词构词法(1)常见前缀a-alive,afraid,alone,awake,asleepun-unfair,unable,unhappy,unimportant,unforgetablein-im-il-ir-dis-informal,inconvenient,impolite,illegal,irregular,dishonest(2)常见后缀-fuluseful,helpful,careful,beautiful,successful-lyfriendly,lovely,likely,lonely,deadly,daily,monthly,weekly-yrainy,snowy,angry,hungry,dirty,funny3.形容词构词法-lessuseless,helpless,hopeless,careless,endless-ive,-ish,-able,-ous,-someactive,expensive,foolish,selfish,comfortable,serious,dangerous,handsome-ing,-edexciting,excited;moving,moved;tiring,tired;interesting,interested;disappointing,disappointed;surprising,surprised;frightening,frightened;touching,touched;pleasing,pleased;confusing,confused4.形容词比较级和最高级的构成一般加er或est二般以字母e结尾，直接加r或ststrange

wide

safe三般以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾，双写尾字母加er或estfathot

sad以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，再加er或estbusy

lazyhappyangry

hungrylucky

lovely

四般五般多音节形容词:more或themost+形容词difficult

deliciousfamous

excitingPEismoreinteresting

thanEnglish.Englishislessinteresting

thanPE.PEisn’tmoreinteresting

thanEnglish.more和less六特good/well better bestbad worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfarfarther/furthereg:I

havemoretoysthanyou.5.形容词的比较级用法1.A+谓语+形容词比较级+

than+BA比B更……Thisgirlisprettierthanthatone.这个女孩比那个女孩更漂亮。2.A+谓语+less+形容词原级+

than+BA不如B……我认为数学没有物理重要。Ithinkmathsislessimportantthanphysics.Thistreeislesstallthanthatone.这棵树没有那棵树高。3.A+谓语的否定式+so(as)+形容词原级+

as+B

A不如B……他没有他哥哥强壮。Heisnotso/asstrongashisbrother.Thisgirlisnotso/asbeautifulasthatone.

这个女孩没有那个女孩漂亮。4.A+谓语+as+形容词原级+

as+BA和B一样……这件外套和那件一样便宜。This

coatisascheapasthatone.Thisgirlisasbeautifulasthatone.

这个女孩和那个一样漂亮。5.the+比较级……，the+比较级……

越…，越…我越瘦，我感觉越快乐。ThethinnerIam,thehappierIfeel.6.比较级+and+比较级越来越…每次我见到她，都发现她越来越漂亮了。ShegetsmoreandmorebeautifuleverytimeIseeher.

7.the+比较级(+of+the+two+名词)两者中较……的那一个

他是两个男孩中个子比较高的那个。Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.8.比较级+than+anyother+单数可数名词

形容词的比较级表示最高级

我女儿比她们班里任何一个女孩都跑得快,她跑的最快。Mydaughterrunsfasterthananyothergirlinherclass.Sherunsthefastest.bigbiggerbiggest5.形容词的最高级用法1.A+be+the+形容词最高级+in/of/among+范围Thesunisthebiggestofthethree.2.oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数可数名词+比较范围……中最……的一个他是世界上最受欢迎的足球运动员之一Heisoneofthemostpopularfootballplayers

intheworld.副词

副词修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。1.副词的种类频率副词

Game2.副词的用法(1)作状语。例如：Theycanhardlyignoreourviews.他们很难忽视我们的意见。2.副词的用法(1)作状语。例如：Thisisaverygoodfilm.这是一部很好的影片。2.副词的用法(2)作表语。例如：Iwillbebackintenminutes.我十分钟后回来。2.副词的用法(3)作定语。例如：Theairhereisfresh.这儿的空气很新鲜。3.副词的位置

副词的位置较为灵活，多位于动词之前，be动词、助动词之后。

当有多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词之后。

4.形容词&副词转换规则happy→happily

easy→easily

angry→angrily

heavy→heavily一般直接加lyloud→loudly

quiet→quietly

slow→slowly

careful→carefully

quick→quickly

bad→badly二般以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，把y变i再加ly.四特good-well

true-truly

terrible-terribly五特late-late

early-early

high-high

fast-fast

hard-hard三般ic结尾的，+allyeconomic-economically,historic-historically,basic-basically,energetic-energetically;classic-classically,romantic-romantically形容词&副词形容词副词修饰名词、代词动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子修饰Thatgirllooks____________.(beautiful,beautifully

)beautiful感官动词feelsoundlooktastesmell+形容词主语+be(amisare)1.MissWangisa______woman.(beautiful,beautifully)2.Thedogisdancing______.(happy,happily)3.Heis______withme.(angry,angrily)4.Listen______.(careful,carefully)5.Don’tdriveso______.(quick,quickly)6.Helooks______today.(happy,happily)小试牛刀5.副词比较级与最高级的构成as……as…和…一样…I’mascleverasyou.notso/as……as……Theproblemisnotasdifficultasitlooks.as+adj.+a(n)+单数名词+asasmany/much+复数名词/不可数名词+asSheisasgoodastudentasJulie.她和朱莉一样，都是好学生。Theworkismakingasmuchprogressascanbeexpected.这项工作进展的如预期的那样快。同级比较A+谓语+倍数+as+adj/adv原级+as+BAsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。A+谓语+倍数+adj/adv比较级+than+BTheropeistwicelongerthanthatone.A+谓语+倍数+thesize/length/height/width…+of+BThisriveristwicethewidthofthatone.倍数表达法真题解析The___youwork,the____youwillbeinit.

A.harder;interestedB.harder;interesting

C.harder;moreinterestedD.harder;moreinteresting2.Whata____day!It’s___cold.

A.terribly;terribleB.

terrible;

terribleC.terrible;

terriblyD.terribly;

terribly3.ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextWinterOlympicGameswillbe___thepresentone.

A.asthreetimesbigasB.threetimesasbigas

C.asbigasthreetimesD.asbigthreetimesas4.Theyellowhouseismuch_____thantheredone.

A.largeB.largerC.largestD.largely5.Youshoulddoyourworkabit____nexttime.A,careB.morecarefullyC.morecarefulD.careful6.Chinaisbecoming____

A.morestrongandstrongB.strongerandstronger

C.morestrongerandstrongerD.muchstrongerandstronger7.Thisbeautifulparkis_____thatone.

A.ninetimesaslargeasB.ninetimelargeas

C.ninetimeslargestasD.aslargeasninetimes8.Itrainedso____thatpeoplecould____goout.

A.hardly;hardB.hardly;hardly

C.hard;hardlyD.hard;hard9.Thenumberofstudentsinthisuniversityis___thatoftenyearsago.

A.tentimesaslargeasB.tentimeslarger

C.tentimeslargeasD.aslargeastentimes1.Mattearn______shedidlastyear.A.twiceasmuchasB.astwicemuchas

C.twiceasmanyasD.astwicemanyas2.Imustbegettingfat-Ican______domytrousersupA.fairly.B.hardlyC.nearlyD.seldom3.MycommandofChineseisnot______yours.A.ashalfasB.sohalfgoodas

C.goodashalfasD.halfsogoodas4.-Couldwestayhereforthenight?-Sorry.Ihave______toholdyouall.A.toosmallaroomB.verysmallaroom

C.atoosmallroomD.suchsmallaroom5.Thishallis______ourclassroom.A.fivetimesbiggerthanB.fivetimesasbiggeras

C.fivetimesmorethanD.fivetimesbigger6.Andyiscontentwiththetoy.Itis______hehasevergotA.abetterB.thebetterC.abestD.thebest7.Thestoryis______andallofusare______init.A.interest;interestingB.interesting;interest

C.interested;interestingD.interesting;interested8.Thestudentsinmyclassare______attheageof15.A.mostB.mostlyC.themostD.almost9.Therelaya______boxinfrontofthewindow.A.blacklittlewoodenB.woodenlittleblack

C.littleblackwoodenD.woodenblacklittle10.Theweatherwas____worsethanIhadexpected.A.fairlyBquiteC.prettyD.rather11.Idon’tliketheredshirt

andIdon’tlikethegreenone___

A.aswellB.alsoC.tooD.either12.Bobneverdoeshishomework_____Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.ascarefullyasB.socarefulasC.ascarefulasD.carefullyas

13.Thissweaterlooks____andsells____

A.well;wellB.good;niceC.nice;wellD.nice;good14.Whichsubjectdoyoulike____EnglishorChinese?A.betterB.bestC.wellD.most15.Theydecidedtostayathomebecauseitwasraining____A.hardlyB.badlyC.stronglyD.heavily16.Theoldmanlives____,butheneverfeels____A.alone;aloneB.lonely;lonelyC.lonely;aloneD.alone;lonely17.Theyalllooked____whentheteacherlooked____atthem.A.sad;angryB.sadly;angryC.sadly;angrilyD.sad;angrily18.The____mistakesyoumake,the____yourmarkis.A.less;betterB.fewer;betterC.most;best