大学英语四级作文(同名209)

PAGEPAGE5大学英语四级作文首句式作文首尾句作文是根据段首（尾）句续写短文。段首句作文也称主题句作文，因为作文题中所给的段首句往往是段落主题句。其特点是以题目为中心，一般情况下将文章分为三个段落，每段首句即为该段的主题句（topicsentences）。考生要按主题句的要求组织材料，提出论据，用一些辅助句（supportingsentences）来支持或说明主题句，写英文段首句作文要注意：所写的内容要紧扣主题，辅助句应围绕段首句续写。保证段内每个句子的内容与段首句紧密展开各个段落，如：例证、因果、定义、比较对比、程序等。要注意句与句之间，特别是段首句与辅助句之间的自然衔接。另外，所给的段首句有时是一个完整的句子，有时不是一个完整的句子，只是句子的一部分，这就要求考生一定要审好题。找出其中表示中心思想的关键词，围绕这些关键词去扩展、描述或说明。Directions:WriteacompositionaboutWhatWouldHappenIfThereWereNopowerinthreeparagraphs,youaregiventhefirstsentenceorpartofthefirstsentenceofeachparagraph:1Eversinceearlythiscentury,electricityhasbecomeanessentialpartofourmodernlife.2Iftherewerenoelectricpower,...3Therefore,...［范文］WhatWouldHappenIfThereWereNoPowerEversinceearlythiscentury,electricityhasbecomeanessentialpartofourmodernlife.Ithasplayedadecisiveroleinthemodernworld.Everybodyadmitsthatdevelopmentofourcivilizationdependsonelectricity.Iftherewerenoelectricitypower,ourmodernworldwouldbeintrouble.Forinstance,allthewheelwouldstopbecausewithoutthepowerthemachinewouldceaseworking.Andalltheelectricalequipmentlifewouldbeimpossibleandinagreatmasswithoutelectricity.Therefore,weshouldmakebetteruseofelectivepower.Ontheotherhand,weshouldeducatepeopletoeconomizeonelectricityandnottowasteenergyresources.Atthesametimewemustdoourbesttoexploitmoreelectricresourcestomeettherequirementsofhumanbeings.第一段的段首句是讲电已经成为人们现代生活中必不可少的部分，因而接下来的续写部分应强调它的重要性。第二段的段首句提出如果没有电的假设，下面列出没有电将会出现的麻烦。最后一段指出我们应该节约用电，开拓更多的电力资源。假设你在某日某时某地目击一起车祸，就此写一份见证书，须包括：车祸发生的时间及地点；你所见到的车祸情景；你对车祸原因的分析。范文：MynameisLiming.Iamstudyingatcollege.AweekagoIsawatrafficaccident,whichisstillvividinmymind.

Itwasatabout9:00onSaturdaymorning,June15th,whenIwentoutoftheuniversitytovisitafriendofmineatanotheruniversity.IwaswalkingleisurelyonthesidewalkwhenIheardaloudcrashoftwovehiclesjustattheT-junctionabout10metersaway.Twotaxiscrashedtogether.Itwasatrafficaccident.

Iwentupandfoundthatthetwotaxiswerebadlydamaged.Bothhoofswereoutofshape.Onedoorofacarwasknockedoffandlyingontheroad.Onedriverwasbloodingandanotherwasshutinthetaxi.Somepeopleweretryingtohelpthedrivergetoutofthedamagedcar.Onemanwascallingtothetrafficpolicemanstation.Alotofcarswerejammedontheroad.

Fromthestoppingtrackontheroad,itisclearthatthetwotaxisweredrivingtoofast.Butitisjustoneofthereasons.Inmyopinion,thetaxidriversareeagertotakemorepassengersandmakealittlemoremoney.Ontheotherhand,bothdriversdon'tshowconcernforoneanother.Bothofthemwantedtoruninfrontofanother.Therefore,theaccidentisinevitable.Sofar,weshouldletthedriverskeepitintheirmindthatalittleslower,alittlesafer.Takingcareofother'slivesmeanstakingcareofyourownlife.二）对比选择型（最为常见）。作文题目比较明确，富有针对性，即直接要求考生比较两种观点或两种做法，进而表明自己对该问题或事务的态度或观点，也就是做出选择。（1999.6）ReadSelectivelyorExtensively范文：1)、有人认为读书要有选择；2）、有人认为应当博览群书；3)、我的看法。ReadingSelectively

or

Extensively？Somepeoplethinkwhenwereadweshouldreadselectively.Thatistosay，weshould

select

somebooksweareinterestedinandignoretheothers.Readingselectivelycanhelpusconcentrateourlimitedtimeandattentiononthoseselectedbooks.Othersthinkweshouldreadextensively.Nomatterwhatkindofbookitis，weshouldlookitover.Weshouldreadvariouskindsofbooks，whetherweareinterestedinthem

or

not.Theymaintainthatreadingextensivelycanhelptoenlargeourviewandgraspthegeneralknowledgeindifferentfields.Inmyopinion，thetworeadingwayshavetheirrolesrespectivelyinourreading.However，thedisadvantagesofeachmethodsareeasytosee.Ifweonlyreadthebookswe

select

orprefer，theframeworkofourknowledgemaynotbecomplete.Ourknowledgewouldberatherlimited.Andifwereadwithoutselection，wemaynothavesomuchtimeandenergytobespecializedinoneparticularfield.Therefore，thecombinationofthetwomethodsismorereasonable.三）问题解决型。比较问题要求考生从描述文字\图画入手，解释试题文字\图画反映出的问题，指出问题的危害性或解决这一问题的紧迫性，然后对问题展开分析，提出解决问题的方案或应对措施；最后一段要求考生表明自己对这一问题的态度`做法等。（2001.1）HowtosucceedinajobInterview?1)、面试在求职过程中的作用2）、取得面试成功的素质，仪表，举止谈吐，能力，专业知识，自信，实事求是…范文：Nowadays,inanevertighterjobmarket,greatimportancehasbeenattachedtoaninterviewbyboththeemployerandtheapplicant.Theinterview,sotospeak,hasbecomeindispensableforgettingasatisfactoryjob.Ontheonehand,theinterviewercantakeadvantageoftheoccasiontolearnaboutthecandidates,suchastheirworkexperiences,educationandtheirpersonalities,soastopickouttherightpersonforthecompany.Ontheotherhand,theintervieweecanmakeuseoftheopportunitytogettoknowthejobheisgoingtotakeup,thesalary,theworkingconditionsandmanyotherthingsaboutthejobheisinterestedin.

Therefore,thejobinterviewisveryimportanttoajob-hunter.Buthowcanonesucceedinit?Firstlyofall,theintervieweemustpayattentiontohisorherappearance.Thefirstimpressionisalwayswherewestart.Getdressedproperlyandneatly.Secondly,goodmannersareequallyimportant.Don’tbetooproud,andneithertootimid.Justbecourteous.Thirdly,theintervieweemustdemonstratehisaptitudeandskillsforthejobandhisknowledgeaboutehjob-relatedareas.Beconfident.Lastbutnottheleast,theintervieweeoughttobehonestabouthisorherpersonalaswellasacademicbackground,forhonestyisthebestpolicy.

Tosumup,thejobinterviewisindeedimportant,butthereisnoneedtobenervous.Aslongastheintervieweehastheabilityforthejob,withcarefulpreparationandafairlyconfidentandhonestperformance,hisorhersuccesscanbeensured.四）观点论证型。要求考生根据题目的论点，按提纲的结构要求对其进行论证，然后表明自己的立场和看法。通过摆事实，讲道理的方式剖析事物，论述事理，发表意见，确立或否定某一主张。议论文的表达方式以议论为主，叙事说明为辅。一般具备论点，论据，和论证三大要素。（1999.1）Don’tHesitatetoSay“No”1)、别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说“不”。2）、为什么有些人在该说“不”的时候不说“不”。3)、该说“不”时不说“不”的坏处。范文：Inourdailylife,therearemanyoccasionsonwhichweshouldnothesitatetorefusewhenaskedforhelp.Foronething,whenitisbeyondourability,weshouldgiveadirectreply“no”.Foranother,wethethingweareaskedforisunreasonableorevenillegal,weshouldsay“no”withouthesitation.

However,itisnotthecaseinourreallife.Manypeopleprefertosay“yes”whentheyshouldsay“no”.Someareafraidtolosetheirface,sincetheythinkrefusalmeanstheirinability.Somepeopleareafraidtooffendtheiracquaintances’face,suchastheirfriends,relativesandsoon.

Infact,doingsoisquiteharmful.Ifyouagreetodothethingsbeyondyourability,theresultwillonlybeworse.Theothermightaswellhaveaskedanotherpersonwhocanhelp.Andifyouagreetodotheunreasonableoreventheillegalfavors,suchascheatingintheexam,youareinfactnothelpingtheotherbuthurtinghim.Youyourselfwillgetintotroubletoo.

五)应用文：书信，贺卡，导游词等。考生读到一个特定的情景，然后在理解的基础上，表达出来。（2005.6）Teacher'sDay1、向老师表达节日祝贺2、从一件小事来回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献3、我如何回报老师的关爱范文：ThisisTeachers’Dayandatimetobegratefultoallteachers.Thisprofessiondeservesthespecialrecognitionandrespect.Thereisnomoreappropriatetimethanthistohonouryouandothersinyourchosenfield.Youhavemyeternalgratefulness.HaveahappyTeachers’Day.Thewholesecretoftheteacher’sforceliesintheconvictionthatmenareconvertible.Teacher,whoeducatechildren,deservemorehonorthanparents,whomerelygavethembirth;forthelatterprovidedmorelife,whiletheformerensureagoodlife.Whatsculptureistoablockofmarble,educationistothesoule.Myheartfeltthankstoyou,dearteacher.Onthevoyageoflife,youhavekindledthelightofhopeforme.Whatyouhavedoneenrichesmymindandbroadensmyview.OnthisdayIhonouryousincerely.Noonedeservesabiggerthankyouthanyou.Onedayishardlyenoughtoshowourgratitude.（2005．1）ACampaignSpeech

1你认为自己具备是什么条件(能力，性格，爱好)可以胜任学生会主席工作，

2如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？TodayIamverygladtorunforthepresidentofthestudents‘union.IamjuniorinChemicalDepartment.SinceIcameintotheuniversity,Ihavealwaysbeenthemonitorofmyclass.Ihavedoneaverygoodjobformyclassmates,andmyclassmatesandmytacherallgivemeagoodpraise.Iamgoodatcommunicationandorganizing.AndIliketohelpothers.Moreover,Ihaveavarietyofhobbies,forexample,basketball,football,pingpong,etc.IamsurethatIamqualifiedforthisposition.IfIbecomethepresident,Iwilltrymybesttodowell.Iwillorganizesomesuitableactivitiesforyou.Iwilldomanythingsforyoutoreachyourdemandsaswell.Iamsincerelyhopeyouwillgivemeachance,andpleasebelievemethatIwillbeagoodpresident.Thankyou.

英文书信格式概述

1、信头（Heading）

指发信人的姓名（单位名称）、地址和日期，一般写在信纸的右上角。

英文地址的写法与中文完全不同，地址的名称按从小到大的顺序：第一行写门牌号码和街名；第二行写县、市、省、州、邮编、国名；然后再写日期。标点符号一般在每一行的末尾都不用，但在每一行的之间，该用的还要用，例如在写日期的时候。

日期的写法，如1997年7月30日，英文为：July30，1997（最为普遍）；July30th，1997；30thJuly，1997等。1997不可写成97。

2、信内地址（InsideAddress）

在一般的社交信中，信内收信人的地址通常省略，但是在公务信函中不能。将收信人的姓名、地址等

写在信头日期下方的左角上，要求与对信头的要求一样，不必再写日期。3、称呼（Salutation）

是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方，从该行的顶格写起，在称呼后面一般用逗号（英国式），也可以用冒号（美国式）。

（1）写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时，用Dear或Mydear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名（这里指名字，不是姓氏）。例如：Mydearfather，DearTom等。

（2）写给公务上的信函用DearMadam，DearSir或Gentleman（Gentlemen）。注意：Dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。Gentlemen总是以复数形式出现，前不加Dear，是DearSir的复数形式。

（3）写给收信人的信，也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如：DearProf.TimScales,DearDr.JohnSmith。

假如你不知道收信人的姓名，可用DearSir(s),DearMadam,DearSirorMadam.

假如你知道收信人的姓名，但他并非你的好友，可用DearMr.Smith,DearMs.Smith,DearDr.Smith,DearProf.Smith.

4、正文（BodyoftheLetter）

位置在下面称呼语隔一行，是信的核心部分。因此要求正文层次分明、简单易懂。和中文信不同的是，正文中一般不用Hello！（你好！）

正文有缩进式和齐头式两种。每段书信第一行的第一个字母稍微向右缩进些，通常以五个字母为宜，每段第二行从左面顶格写起，这就是缩进式。

但美国人写信各段落往往不用缩进式，用齐头式，即每一行都从左面顶格写起。商务信件大都采用齐头式的写法。

5、结束语（ComplimentaryClose）

在正文下面的一、二行处，从信纸的中间偏右处开始，第一个词开头要大写，句末用逗号。不同的对象，结束语的写法也不同。

（1）写给家人、亲戚，用Yourlovinggrandfather，Lovinglyyours，Lovingly,等；

（2）写给熟人、朋友，用Yourscordially，Yoursaffectionately,Bestregards,Bestwish,Love等；

（3）写业务信函用Truelyyours（Yourstruely），Faithfullyyours（Yoursfaithfully）等；

（4）对上级、长辈用Yoursobediently（Obedientlyyours），Yoursrespectfully（Respectfullyyours）等;

(5)假如你知道收信人的姓名，但他并非你的好友，用YoursSincerely。

6、签名（Signature）

低于结束语一至二行，从信纸中间偏右的地方开始，在结束语的正下方，在签完名字的下面还要有用打字机打出的名字，以便识别。职务、职称可打在名字的下面。当然，写给亲朋好友的信，就不必再打了。

感谢信常用句型

1．Iamgrateful／obligedtoyoufor．．．我非常感谢你的……

2．Iamgreatlyindebtedtoyouforwhatyouhavedone．我为你所做的一切表示感激。

3．Iamthankful／obligedtoyouforyourunselfishassistanceduring…感谢你在……期间给予我无私的帮助。

4．Ideeplyappreciateyourcourtesyandwehopetohavetheopportunityofrewardingyourkindness．

我非常感谢你的好意，并希望有机会回报你。

5．Itakethisopportunitytoexpressmydeepappreciationofyourkindhelpyourenderedme．

我借此机会对你所给予我的帮助表示深深的感谢。

6.Itwaskindandgenerousofyoutodothisforme，andlappreciateitmorethanlcansay．

你为我这样做真是太好了，我感激不尽。

7．Myappreciatetoyouforyourgeneroushelpisbeyondmywords．IwishIcouldrepayitsomeday．

我无法用言语来表达对你的感激之情。但愿有朝一门能回报你的帮助。

8．Pleaseacceptmymostcordialthanksforyourtimelyhelp，whichlwillneverforget．

请接受我诚挚的谢意，感谢你及时的帮助，我将难以忘怀。

9．WordsfailmewhenIwanttoexpressmygratitudetoyou．感激之情难以言表。

10．Again，Iwouldliketoexpressourwarmthankstoyou．再次向你表示感谢。

范文：

July7,2008

DearProf.James,

Asoneofyourstudents,Iamwritingtoaskforyourkindassistance.IwishtoenrollinCollegeofComputeratOxfordUniversity,forwhichIamrequiredtoprovidealetterofrecommendation.Asaseniorprofessorinyourfield,oneofmymostrespectedcollegeteachersandapersonwhoknowsmeverywell,youarethemostsuitablerefereeforme.

Asyouknow,Ihavelaidasolidfoundationincomputerscience.Iwouldbegratefulif,intheletter,youwouldconfirmthatIhaveadequatequalificationstofollowthecourse.Wouldyoubesokindastogiveabriefintroductiontomyacademicperformanceduringmyundergraduatestudies,especiallythatunderyoursupervision?Besides,yourpersonalopinionofmewillcarryspecialweight.Ihavetosubmittheletternextmonth.

Thankyousomuchforyourgeneroushelpinthismatter.

Yourssincerely,

HenryScott

(二)欢迎信

范文

DearXiaoWang,

WordsfailedmetoexpressmyexcitementwhenIlearnedthatyouwouldliketospendyourholidaytogetherwithme.Ithasbeenthreeyearssincewegraduatedfromhighschool.ImissyousomuchthatIevencan'twaittoseeyou.NowthatitwillbethefirsttimeyouvisitBeijing,Iamsurethatyourjourneywillbeexciting,rewardingandfullofalotoffun.

I'vemadearoughplanforthisholidayasfollows.Onthefirstdayyouarrivehere,Iwillshowyouaroundournewcampus.Especially,Iwilltakeyoutovisitournewly-builtmodemlibrary.Duringthesecondthreedays,we'dbettergosightseeingaroundBeijing.Wecanvisitsomefamousscenicspotsandhistoricalsites,suchasSummerPalace,theForbiddenCity,theGreatWall,etc.Onthefifthday,wecanvisittheBeijingZoo,sinceyouarequiteinterestedinwildanimals.Thenextday,wecandosomeshopping.TherearemanysplendidmarketsandplazasinBeijing.Onthelastday,youcanhaveagoodrestbeforesettingoff.Ifthereisanythinginconvenientforyouinthisplan,pleaseletmeknowimmediately.

Bytheway,sincelotsofpeoplewillgotravelinginthisholiday,itmustbecrowdedonthetrain.Soyoushouldtakecareofyourluggage.BringmoreclotheswithyoubecauseBeijingismuchcolderthanKunmingatthistime.Anddon'tforgettotellmewhenyouwillarrivesothatI'llpickyouupattheairport.

Iamlookingforwardtoyourreplyandwishyouagodjourney.

Yours,

ZhangYing

（三）道歉信与解释信

写作策略

开头段：表明写作意图，对某事表示歉意。

主体段：说明道歉的具体原因。

结尾段：再次表明歉意，请求收信人的谅解，并表示你愿意为此做补救。常用句型

1．Imustapologizetoyoufor...我必须为……向你道歉。

2．Iamterribly/awfullysorrythat...我感到很抱歉，因为……

3．Itisthoughtless/inconsiderateofmetodo...我做……，实在太欠考虑了。

4．IamafraidwhatIhavedonehascausedmanyinconveniencestoyou.恐怕我给您添了许多麻烦。

5．IsincerelyhopethatyoucanunderstandthatIoffendedyouunintentionally.

我真心希望您能理解我并非有意冒犯你的。

6．IregrettoinformyouthatIamunabletodo...我很遗憾地告知您我不能……

7．Imustmakeasincereandhumbleapologytoyoufor...我必须为……真诚地向你道歉。

8．Pleaseacceptmysincereapologyfor..,oncemore.请再次为……接受我真诚的道歉。

9．Isincerelyhopethatyouwillkindlyacceptmyapologies.我衷心希望你能接受我的道歉。

10．Iamsosorrytohaveputyoutosomuchtrouble.不好意思给你添了很多麻烦。

范文：

June23,2008

DearMr./Ms,

IwasveryconcernedwhenIreceivedyourletterofyesterdaycomplainingthatthecentralheatingsysteminyournewhousehadnotbeencompletedbythedatepromised.

Onreferringtoourearliercorrespondence,IfindthatIhadmistakenthedateforcompletion.ThefaultisentirelymineandIdeeplyregretthatitshouldhaveoccurred.

Irealizetheinconvenienceouroversightmustbecausingyouandwilldoeverythingpossibletoavoidanyfurtherdelay.Ihavealreadygiveninstructionsfortheworktohavepriorityandtheengineersworkingonthejobtobeplacedonovertime.Thesearrangementsshouldseetheinstallationcompletedbynextweekend.

Yoursfaithfully

ZhangYing

（四）邀请信

写作策略

开头段：表明写作意图，向某人发出邀请。

主体段：说明邀请的具体原因，邀请的内容。

结尾段：表示强烈的期盼，并希望尽快得到答复。

常用句型

1．Iampleasetoinviteyoutoparticipatein…tobeheldfrom…toin…

我很高兴邀请你参加从……到……在……举行的……活动。

2．Itismypleasure/agreathonorformetoinviteyouto…如能邀请你参加……是我莫大的荣幸。

3．Itismypleasuretoextendaninvitationtoyoutogotravelingwithme.我很高兴邀请你和我一起去旅游。

4．Ihopethatyouwon'tdeclinemyinvitation．我希望你不会拒绝我的邀请。

5．Iwillcoveralltheexpensesinvolved．我会负责有关费用。

6．Wewerewonderingifthesessioncouldconsistof．．．我们想知道会议是否可以包括……

7．Wouldyoupleaseletmeknowassoonaspossibleifyoucanacceptmyinvitation?

你能否早日告诉我是否能接受我的邀请？

范文：

June23,2008Dearsir/madam:

Wewouldliketoinviteyoutoanexclusivepresentationofournew[product].Thepresentationwilltakeplaceat[location],at[time]on[date].Therewillalsobeareceptionat[time].Wehopeyouandyourcolleagueswillbeabletoattend.

[company]isaleadingproducerofhigh-quality.Asyouwellknow,recenttechnologicaladvanceshavemadeincreasinglyaffordabletothepublic.Ournewmodelsoffersuperbqualityandsophisticationwitheconomy,andtheirnewfeaturesgivethemdistinctadvantagesoversimilarproductsfromothermanufacturers.

Welookforwardtoseeingyouon[date].Justcallourofficeat[phonenumber]andwewillbegladtosecureaplaceforyou.

Sincerelyyours,

(name)

（五）英文求职信范文：

April7,2002

Mr.RayHanks

ManagerofHumanResources

WayneInvestments,Inc.

1023CentralAvenue

Tempa,FL19122

DearMr.Hanks:

IamwritingtoapplyfortheClientAccountCoordinator,whichwasadvertisedMay4thwiththeCareerServicesCenteratFloridaStateUniversity.Ihaveenclosedacopyofmyresumeforyourreview.IbelievethatIhavethetraining,experienceandqualitiesthatyouarelookingfor.

Accordingtotheadvertisement,yourpositionrequiresexcellentcommunicationskills,computerliteracy,andaB.S.degreeinFinance.Mystudieshaveincludedcoursesincomputerscience,managementinformationsystems,speechcommunications,andbusinesswriting.Iunderstandthepositionalsorequiresacandidatewhoisteamanddetail-oriented,workswellunderpressure,andisabletodealwithpeopleindepartmentsthroughoutthefirm.TheseareskillsIdevelopedbothinmycourseworkandinmyrecentinternshipatLibertyMutual,Inc.inOrlando,Florida.

Yourjobdescriptionsuggeststhatourrelationshipcouldbemutuallybeneficial.IamconfidentthatIcanperformthejobeffectively,andIamexcitedabouttheideaofworkingforadynamic,nationallyrecognizedinvestmentmanagementfirm.

Ilookforwardtodiscussingmybackgroundandqualificationswithyou.Ifyouwouldliketoscheduleanintervieworotherwisediscussmyinterestintheposition,Icanbereachedat(218)365-3333.

Sincerely,TomSherman

（六）投诉信

当你希望某事得到改善或者某个问题得到补救时，往往会写投诉信。

写作策略

开头段：说明与收信人的相关性，并表明写作意图。

主体段：写明投诉的原因，要展开说明，可以说具体的理由，也可以说问题的具体体现方式，比如，表达你对此事所带来不便的感受、心情。此外，提出你对如何改进或者解决问题的建议，清楚表明你希望问题如何得到解决。

结尾段：表达你希望所述问题得到迅速解决的强烈愿望，并对有关人员做出的努力表示感谢，希望尽快得到满意的答复。

常用句型

1.Iamwritingtoyoutocomplainabout...我现写信向你投诉有关…

2.Iamwritingtoexpressmydissatisfactionwith...我现写信向你表