高三上学期大湾区联考长难句分析课件

长难句分析2024.1大湾区联考※Heworkshard.→Heworkshardforacompany.→Heworkshardforacompanywhichwasfoundedin2002.

→Livingwithhisson,heworkshardforacompanywhichwasfoundedin2002.→Livingwithhisson,heworkshardforacompanywhichwasfoundedin2002andmostofhisworkmatesshowgreatrespectforhim.(介词短语)(从句)(非谓语)(并列结构)揭开长难句的真面目基本成分不变修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、副词和数词),各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语),也可以是从句。添加修饰语加以扩大(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Thelittleboy—hisnamewasBernard—hadinterestedherverymuch.Theideaofreturningtothebasicsintheclassroom—anotion(概念，观点)which,incidentally(顺便说一下),hasbeenquietlysupportedforyearsbymanyrespectedteachers—isfinallygainingsomecurrency(认可)withschooladministrators.长难句的3类形式在理解时,要先理解插入语以外的句子内容,再理解插入语,即“先读两端,再读中间”。多数插入语都位于双逗号或双破折号之间,和句子其他部分明显地隔离开来。难点在于,插入语部分可能会嵌套其他特殊结构,或者有多层修饰成分,从而增加理解难度。

※1.含有分隔结构的句子【大湾区D篇最后一句】However,it'simportanttonotethatbraintraining,likedietandexercise,isunlikelytohaveidenticaleffectsoneveryindividual.分隔结构是：_____________________翻译：_________________________________________________————————————————————————【大湾区A篇小标题3最后一句】ButheroutsiderviewallowstheauthorofRemainsoftheDay,nowaNobelPrizewinner,toexplorewhatmakespeopleirreplaceable.分隔结构是：_____________________翻译：_________________________________________________———————————————————————然而，重要的是要注意，大脑训练，就像饮食和运动一样，不可能对每个人都有相同的影响。likedietandexercise,但她的局外人视角让《RemainsoftheDay》的作者，现在的诺贝尔奖得主，去探索是什么让人不可替代。nowaNobelPrizewinner※小试牛刀【天天练p31最后一句】Itcouldbeanything—gardening,cooking,music,sports—butwhateveritis,________(make)sureit’sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.(2016全国II)分隔结构是：_____________________翻译：_________________________________________________———————————————————————它可以是任何事情——园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动——但不管是什么，确保它是一种日常压力的缓解，而不是另一件需要担心的事情。gardening,cooking,music,sports※小试牛刀(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant’slifetime.IfyouaskpeopletonameonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare”“SamuelJohnson”，and“Webster”.对于这种类型的长句,首先是找出从属连词并确定“主干结构”,然后确定各从句的性质,也就是明确每个从句在句中分别修饰哪些词语或结构,最后综合整体考虑全句大意。※2.被从句拉长的简单句(主从复合句)在未来，该团队希望开发一种可以一次性喷洒到植物叶片上的技术，这种技术将持续植物的生命周期。如果你让人们说出一个对英语语言影响最大的人，你会得到像“

“Shakespeare”“SamuelJohnson”，and“Webster”这样的答案。【大湾区B篇最后一句】Toachievethis,thehalfofthebrainthat'sstillawakesendsthesleepingmanateetothesurfacetogetsomeair.找出从属连词/从句：翻译：__________________________________________________________________________________________【天天练p35】Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned(对齐),makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.（2022一卷）找出从属连词/从句：翻译：__________________________________________________________________________________________※小试牛刀为了达到这个目的，仍然清醒的那一半大脑会把睡着的海牛送到水面上呼吸一些空气。他们发现，古代成年人的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，(这)使得他们很难发出唇音，(而)唇音是通过下唇接触上牙齿形成的。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.首先找到并列连词(and,so,but,or,etc),然后将长句分解成多个分句,理清各分句的内部结构和意群（一个句子可以根据意思和语法结构分成若干个小段，每个小段为一个意群）；然后找出从属连词并确定主句,接着按照简单句的分析方法,梳理各分句的结构和意义，最后综合整体考虑全句大意。※3.有并列句和多个复合句构成的长句研究人员分析了53对孩子—父母在家里日常活动的视频记录，发现在26到46个月大的时候玩拼图的孩子，在54个月大的时候有更好的空间技能。【大湾区C篇para5.2】ChatGPTmightoffersomecomfortingwords,butitcan'treplacethewarmthandunderstandingthatcanonlybefoundinhumaninteraction.【大湾区D篇para2.2】Manyresearchershavefoundevidencesuggestingthatwell-designedexercisescanimprovementalabilitiesandevenleadtobetterscoresonIQtests.【大湾区D篇para5.1】Whilethequestionisstillopentodebate,thereisevidencesuggestingthatshort-termworkingmemorytrainingcanbenefithigh-functioningindividuals,suchascollegestudents.※小试牛刀

通过并列连词(and,so,but,or,etc)断句→找出从属连词(that/which/...)确定从句&确定主句→综合整体考虑全句大意【大湾区C篇para5.2】ChatGPTmightoffersomecomfortingwords,butitcan'treplacethewarmthandunderstandingthatcanonlybefoundinhumaninteraction.ChatGPT可能会提供一些安慰的话，但它无法取代只有在人际交往中才能找到的温暖和理解。※小试牛刀

通过并列连词(and,so,but,or,etc)断句→找出从属连词(that/which/...)确定从句&确定主句→综合整体考虑全句大意【大湾区D篇para2.2】Manyresearchershavefoundevidencesuggestingthatwell-designedexercisescanimprovementalabilitiesandevenleadtobetterscoresonIQtests.许多研究人员发现证据表明，精心设计的锻炼可以提高智力，甚至可以在智商测试中获得更好的分数。※小试牛刀

通过并列连词(and,so,but,or,etc)断句→找出从属连词(that/which/...)确定从句&确定主句→综合整体考虑全句大意【大湾区D篇para5.1】Whilethequestionisstillopentodebate,thereisevidencesuggestingthatshort-termworkingmemorytrainingcanbenefithigh-functioningindividuals,suchascollegestudents.许多研究人员发现证据表明，精心设计的锻炼可以提高智力，甚至可以在智商测试中获得更好的分数。※小试牛刀

通过并列连词(and,so,but,or,etc)断句→找出从属连词(that/which/...)确定从句&确定主句→综合整体考虑全句大意作业：长难句分析（抄句子、画出从句、翻译句子）【天天练p67-68】(p67,para1.1)Canasmallgroupofdrones（无人机）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?(p67,para3.2)ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairthera