小学生越读越爱读狼道故事

2013年精华学校英语陈茂老师高三秋季班讲义（下2013海淀一第一节单项填空21.Tomisadeterminedperson.Heneverallows toleadhim2013年精华学校英语陈茂老师高三秋季班讲义（下2013海淀一第一节单项填空21.Tomisadeterminedperson.Heneverallows toleadhimbytheA.B.C.D.22.–Hi,Lily.Don‘tforgettowatchI‘masingerat10:00thisFriday--Whatapity!I inaplanetoHainanforameetingA.will五三链接B.willbeC.amD.16.（2012陕西）---CanIcallyoubackattwoo‘clockthis---I‘msorry,butbythenI toBeijing.HowaboutA.B.willC.willbeD.am17.(2012辽宁)Ifeelsoexcited!AtthistimetomorrowmorningI toA.willbeB.willC.havebeenD.have23.Aftergraduation,Frankoftenthoughtofthosewhohadhelpedhim hisschoolA.B.C.D.24.Maryhastroubleinspeaking,whichmakesitdifficult herthoughtsandA.B.C.D.to1页共4724.Ifoundithard myfeelingsinA.B.C.D.to25.Veryoften,yoursuccessdependson youhandlefailurealongtheA.B.C.D.26.---Sir, youparkyourcaratthis24.Ifoundithard myfeelingsinA.B.C.D.to25.Veryoften,yoursuccessdependson youhandlefailurealongtheA.B.C.D.26.---Sir, youparkyourcaratthisFireEngine---Sorry,Ididn‘tnoticeA.B.C.D.27.Amandahopestoliveasimplelife shecanjustenjoyheractivitiesratherthanrushingtomeettheA.B.C.D.28.ThefilmLifeofPi, byLiAn,hasattractedtheaudienceforitsamazingvisualA.beingB.C.havingD.29.Oneimportantaimofourschoolistoprepareusforthefuture wecanfaceallthechallengeswithA.inB.soC.evenD.if30.Forthesakeofstudents‘health,outdooractivities insomeareaslatelastyearbecauseofthesmogA.donotB.didnotC.werenotD.arenot31. leadsalifefullofloveisricheventhoughhedoesn‘thavemuchA.B.C.D.32.---Sarahisbusyadaptinghernovelintoa---Oh!NowonderI heraroundtheseA.haven‘tB.hadn‘tC.didn‘tD.won‘t33.Itisnottheirinterestbuttheneedofthemarket influencesstudents‘choicesofcollegeA.B.C.D.34.Ididn‘trealizemymotherlovesmesosuchuntilIreceivedhergiftformy18thbirthday,adiary theprocessmyA.B.toC.D.having35.Withoutjointeffortsofallthemembers,we ourtaskinsuchashortA.shouldn‘tC.couldn‘tB.shouldn‘thaveD.couldn‘thave2页共47第二节完形填空The―OnatriptoCalifornia,myfamilystoppedforlunch.Aswewalked第二节完形填空The―OnatriptoCalifornia,myfamilystoppedforlunch.Aswewalkedtowardtheentrancetotherestaurant,aman,witha36beardanddirtyhair,jumpedupfromabenchandopenedthedoorforus.Regardlessofhis37,hegreetedusinafriendlyway.Onceinside,mydaughterswhispered,―Mom,he38.‖Afterweorderedourlunch,Iexplained,tellingthekidstolook39thedirt.Wethenwatchedothercustomersapproachtherestaurantbutmany40him.Seeingthisrudenesstrulyupsetme.ThedayIbecameamother,Ihaveresolvedtosetagood41formychildren.Yetsometimeswhenthingsdidn‘tgoright,beingagoodexamplewas42.Whenourmealarrived,IrealizedIhadleftthecar-sickpillsinthetruck.Withthewindiesttripahead,thekidsneededthem,soI43myselffromthemealandwenttogetJustthen,thedooran‖wasopeningthedoorforacouple.Theyrushedpasthimwithoutevenacknowledginghis44.lettingtheminfirst,Isaidaloudhankyou‖tohimasI45.WhenIreturned,wetalkedabit.Hesaidhewasnotallowedinside46hepurchasedfood.Iwentbackandtoldmyfamilyhis47.ThenIaskedourwaitresstoaddonesoupandsandwich.Thekidslooked48aswehadalreadyeaten,butwhenIsaidtheorderwasforthedooran,theysmiled.Whenitwastimeto49ourtrip,Inoticedthedooran‖enjoyinghismeal.Uponseeingme,hestoodupandthankedmeheartily.Hethen50hishandforahandshakeandIgratefullyaccepted.Isuddenlynoticedthetearsinhiseyes---tearsof51.Whathappenednextdrewgreatastonishment:Igavethedooran‖a52!Hepulledaway,withtears53downhisface.Backintruck,Ifellintodeepthought.Whilewecan‘tchoosemanythingsinlife,wecanchoosewhentogratitude.Isaidthankstoamanwhohadmychildrenbyheldopenadoorforme,andalsosaidthanksfor toA.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.3页共47A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.B（难句节选Whilestatestrytofindmoney,Coinstarsuggestswelookunderthesofacushions.Theaveragehousehas$90inloosechange,thecompanyclaims,andratherthanchargeservicefeesashighas8%,Coinstarwillnowquitthemifthechangeisshiftedtoagiftcardfromaparticipatingmerchant.ThelistincludesStarbucks,iTunes,,,andCabela‘s.CDoctorssometimesprescribelighttherapytotreataformofdepressioninpeoplewhogettoolittlemorningsun.Buttoomuchlightatothertimesmayactuallycausesuchmooddisorders.Long-lastingexposuretolightatnightbringsdepression,anewstudyfinds,atleastinanimals.Thenewdataconfirmobservationsfromstudiesofpeoplewhoworknightshifts,saysRichardStevensoftheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenter.Mooddisordersjoinagrowinglistofproblems,includingcancer,obesityanddiabetes---thatcanoccurwhenlightthrowslifeoutofbalancebydisturbingthebiologicalclockanditstimingofdailyInthenewstudy,TracyBedrosianandRandyNelsonofOhioStateUniversityexposedmicetonormallightanddarkcyclesforfourweeks.Forthenextfourweeks,halfofthemiceremainedonthisschedule,andtherestreceivedcontinuousdimlightthroughouttheirlight.Comparedwithmiceexposedtonormalnighttimedarkness,thosegettingdimlightatnightlosttheirstrongpreferenceforsweetdrinks,―asigntheynolongergetpleasureoutofactivitiestheyonceenjoyed,‖Bedrosiansays.Inasecondtest,micewereclockedonhowlongtheyactivelytriedtoescapeapoolofwater.Thoseexposedtonightlightsstoppedstrugglingandjustfloatedinthewater,asignof―behavioraldespair‖,10timesaslongasthemicethathadexperiencednormalnighttimedarkness.Allsymptomsofdepressiondisappearedwithintwoweeksofthemicereturningtoanormallight-darkcycle,theresearchersreport.Thescientistalsocouldquashthebehavioralsymptomsbyinjectingthebrainsofanimalswithadrugthatprohibitstheactivityofcertainmoleculeslinkedwithhumandepression.Thisfindingfurthersuggeststhatlightatnightmaycausesomethingrelatedtodepression.Humanstudieslinkingnighttimelightandmooddisordersareimportantbutcan‘teasilydetectunderpinnings(分子基础)asanimalstudiescan,saysGeorgeBrainardofThomasJeffersonUniversity.Thenewwork,hesays,suggeststhatthechangeofthebiologicalclockbylightatnightcanbeanextremelypowerfulforceinregulatingbiologyandbehavior.‖4页共4763.Afterbeingexposedtocontinuousnighttimelight,themice A.changedtheir63.Afterbeingexposedtocontinuousnighttimelight,themice A.changedtheirC.remainedactiveasB.escapedfromthewatermoreD.showedlessinterestintheir64.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordquas‖inPara.4probablyA.B.C.D.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraph lightatnightmayhavepracticalthebiologicalclockisbeneficialtohumanmooddisorderscannotbehealedhumanstudiesaremoreimportantthananimalWhatisthemainideaoftheNighttimelightmayfosterAdrughasbeenfoundtocuremoodThestudyonanimalscanbeappliedtoHumanbiologicalclockcanbecontrolledbyDWhyDoesn‘tAnybodyCopyApple‘sproductsaretheenvyoftheworld.Theyhavebeenspectacularlysuccessfulandarewidelyimitated,ifnotcopied.TheminuteApplecrystallizesaproduct,everyoneknowshowtocompete.ThisideathatthebasisofcompetitionissetbyAppleandthentheraceisontoclimbthepathofimprovementisunquestionable.WhenApplereleasesaproductthatdefinesacategoryordramaticallychangesthestructureofanindustry,itbecomesobviouswhatneedstobebuilt.ButwhatIwonderiswhyeveryonewantstocopyApple‘sproductsbutnobodywantstocopybeingApple？Icanthinkoftworeasons.Firstly,Appleisnotworthcopyingbecauseit‘snotsuccessful;secondly,Apple‘scannotbecopiedbecauseitisamagicalThereisagreatdealofevidenceforthefirsthypothesis.TheideaofApplebeingsuccessfulisnotsomethingreflectedinitsstockprice.BeingvaluedlowerthantheaveragecompanyintheS&P(标准普尔)500indicatesthattowhateverdegreeApplewassuccessfulinthepast,it‘snotseenbythevastmajorityofobserversassuccessfulinthefuture.WhyshouldonebothercopyingAppleifitresultsinbeingpunishedwithalowvaluation?Ifoneworksreallyhardatinnovationandthenthatinnovationbecomescommoditizedveryquickly,whyshouldonebother?WheninnovationpractitionersareaskedwhatmakesApplesuccessful,theanswersregardingthecauseofthissuccessborderonthemythical.Theclimaxofthishypothesisisthe―chief-sorcerer‖theoryofsuccesswhichplacesonemagician,likeSteveJobs,inchargeofcastingalltherightspells.WhataboutApple‘sownopinionofwhatmakesittick?TimCookreferstoagreatteamandintegrationofhardware,softwareandservicesasuniqueAppleadvantages.It‘sabetterexplanation.Integrationissomethingthatcantakealongtime,butitispossiblewithgreateffort.Afewcompaniesarestartingtomakemovesinthatdirection,buteffortsarehalf-hearted.Thereisno―movetheEarth‖panictobecomeanintegratedcompanyfromSamsung,GoogleorMicrosoft.MyownsuspicionisthatAppleismoreawareofwhatmakesitspecialthanitletsout.However,asTimpointsit‘snotaformula.It‘scomplex,it‘ssubtle,butit‘snotmagic.It‘saprocessthatrequiresadegreeoffaithand5页共47WhenanewproductofApplecomesout,oftenitWhenanewproductofApplecomesout,oftenit ruinsanindustrystartsarevolutionofanputsitselfinanunbeatableissoonovertakenbyimitatedAccordingtothepassage,othercompaniesdon‘t―copybeingApple‖because Appleisnotasuccessfultheyhavenoaccesstorelevantit‘shardtofindamagicianlikeStevebeingAppletakesmorethantimeandWecaninferfromPara.5that othercompaniesarededicatedtoAppleitselfisfullyawareofitsuniqueApplewillholdtheleadingpositioninthisothercompaniesdon‘thaveagreatteamasAppleWhatdoestheauthorthinkofTimCook‘sA.B.C.D.6页共472013东城一第二部分：知识运用（共两节 分（1511521.Mary aphotoofProfessorSmithwhilehewasmakingaA.B.C.wouldD.has22.2013东城一第二部分：知识运用（共两节 分（1511521.Mary aphotoofProfessorSmithwhilehewasmakingaA.B.C.wouldD.has22. thelightinthehallwilltakemorethanA.B.C.BeingD.Tobe23.Theyoungcouplewillhavetorentahouse,fortheirnewlyboughtone A.wasC.will24.－WhichcitydoyouexpecttoliveB.isbeingD.had－Idon‘tmindwhereIlive thereismyfavoriteA.soB.inC.asfarD.solong25.Wehadtospendthreemorehourswaitingin cafeattheairportbecause flightwasA.a;D.a;B.不填C.the;26.Mycomputerneedstoberepaired.Howmuchdoyouthinkit A.wouldB.C.willD.has27.Mydaughter, jobrequireshertodoalotoftravelling,isalwaysawayfromhomeaA.B.C.D.28.Theyoungwomanhadhercar inthemudfortwohoursbeforetherescueworkersA.B.C.D.tobe29.I‘dliketogotoTommy‘sbirthdaypartythisevening,butI just fromtheA.C.wasB.D.30.Glancing hisshoulder,EriccouldseethedogwasrunningafterA.B.C.D.31.IwishI thecarjourneyhomewithmyfriends.NowtheyarewatchingthefootballmatchatA.willB.haveC.wouldD.had32.－Ihadaveryboringweekendat－Whydidyoustayathome?You withA.mightC.shouldB.couldhaveD.musthave第7页共4733.－WhenwoulditbepossibleforLucytoseethejudge－Nextitwas—theA.B.C.D.none33.－WhenwoulditbepossibleforLucytoseethejudge－Nextitwas—theA.B.C.D.noneofhisclassmateswaslisteningtoD.to34.Proudlyreadinghispoem,Davidglancedaroundtheroom,A.B.C.35.Howstrangeitis thestudentsaresoquietintheA.B.C.D.第二节完形填空（201.530Twistwasthenameofanoldchampionracinghorse.Hewaspastthirtyyearsold,buttheheartofthetrue36stillbeatwiththegreatspirit.However,Iknewlittleaboutthe37thattheoldhorse‘sspiritwouldhaveonmydaughter.MydaughterStacyhadeverhada38experiencewitharunawayhorse.Shewasjusteightatthetime,andaterrifying39accompaniedthedisaster.Althoughshebrokenobones,her40,loveforhorsesandthedesiretolearntoridewere41.NomatterhowmywifeandItried,wehadno42incuringthedamagecausedthatButwhenshewasthirteen,aturningpointcame.OnedayasIsawStacylookintotheeyeofthe43fellowinthestall(牲口棚),Iknewthiswasgoingtobethebeginningofa44relationship.Fortunately,Stacy‘saccidenthadnotweakenedherlovefor45ingeneral,andthissmallopeningwasallTwistneededtocreateanunusual46.Inthefollowingweeks,Stacybegantoexpressdaily47incomingtothestallwithme.Sheactivelyspenttimewithhim,feeding,brushingandcombinghim,allthe48talkingtohimaboutherlife.Thenoneday49Iwasreadyingonehorseforaride,Inoticedtheoldguy‘seagerexpressionanddesireto50,too.SoIaskedStacyifshewantedtotakeTwistoutforaride.In51,Stacylookedonceagainintotheoldman‘seye.Thatmoment,theirtwospirits52andcompletedthebondthathadbeenformingoveracoupleofmonths.Continuingtolookdeepintohiseyes,Stacydidn‘t53.Sheonlynoddedyes.Momentslater,Isawthemridingtogether,Stacywinningrenewed(重建的)confidenceanddesire,andTwistwinninghismedalofachild‘s.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.8页共47A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.D.第三部分：阅读理解（共两节分AItwasthesummerof1936.TheOlympicGameswerebeingheldinBerlin.Ihadtrained,sweatedanddisciplinedmyselffor6yearsontherunningbroadjump.Ayearbefore,asacollegestudentattheOhioState,I‘dsettheworld‘srecordof26feet81/4inches.Nearlyeveryoneexpectedmetowin.IwasinforasurpriseWhenthetimecameforthebroad-jumptrials,Iwasshockedtoseeatallboyhittingthepit(坑atalmost26feetonhispracticeleapsHeturnedouttobeaGermannamedLuzLong.Hehadeasilyqualifiedforthefinalsonhisfirstattempt.Anervousathleteisanathletewhowillmakemistakes.Ifouled(犯规)twiceonmyqualifyingjumps.Walkingafewyardsfromthepit,Ikickedatthedirtdisgustedly.SuddenlyIfeltahandonmyshoulder.IturnedtolookintothefriendlyblueeyesofLuzLong.Hi,I‘mLuzLong.Idon‘tthinkwe‘vemet―ladtomeetyou,‖Isaid.Then,tryingtohidemynervousness,Iadded,HowareyouI‘mfine.Somethingmustbeeatingyou.Youshouldbeabletoqualifywithyoureyesclosed.‖Hesaid.Heseemedtounderstandmynervousness,andtookpainstoreassureme.Finally,seeingthatIhadcalmeddownsomewhat,hesaid,―Whatdoesitmatterifyou‘renotthefirstinthetrials?Tomorrowiswhatcounts.‖Allthetensionleftmybodyasthetruthofwhathesaidhitme.ConfidentlyIqualifiedwithalmostafoottospare.Luzbrokehisownrecordandpushedmeontoapeakperformance.TheinstantIlandedfrommyfinaljump—onewhichsettheOlympicrecordof26feet51/16inches—hewasatmyside,congratulating A.beatLuzC.metagreatB.qualifiedfortheD.joinedintheOlympic9页共47WhatcanweWhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromtheHeremainedconfidentintheOlympicHehadqualifiedforthefinalsonhisfirstHehadpreparedforBerlinOlympicsinOhioHebroketheworldrecordoftherunningbroadWhatisthepassagemainlyA.AreliablemanintheOlympicC.AsurprisingresultintheOlympicB.AmemorableexperienceintheD.AgoodsuggestiononhowtowinintheBBackthosephotosTheimageswerestriking.HomesontheEastCoastwerewashedawaybySuperstormSandy.Peoplewereintears,pickingupfadedphotographs,amongtheironlyremainingpossessions.Ifthatdoesn‘tmoveyoutogetseriousaboutsafekeepingyourlifetimeofmemories,whatwill?Thedigitalageofferstoolsneverimaginablebefore—includingone-clickaccesstoalifetimeoffamilyphotos.Hereisabrochureonhowtobackup(存)yourphotosandsavethemonline,wheretheycanliveforeverandbeaccessibleingoodtimesandbad.Thefirststepforthoseoldphotosistoscanthemandsavethemtoadigitalformat.Mostprinterscomewithscannersthesedays,sothat‘saneasybutextremelytime-consumingstep.StoringtheWithyourscansinplace,importthephotosintoyourcomputer,andbackthemYoucouldmakemultiplecopiesofthedisksandspreadthemtolovedones.Oryoucouldchooseexternal(外接的)harddrivesorUSBthumbdrive,andaddyourphotoandvideocollectionfromyourcomputer.OnlineIfyouneedlotsofspace,lookatapureonlinebackupservice,Caronitebacksup300millionfilesdaily.Onceyousignup,itstartstopickupeverythingyouhaveonyourharddrive.Butphotocollectiononyourcomputer‘smainharddrivechargesfor$59ayear.CloudForfolkswhodon‘tneedautomaticbackup,butinsteadwanttotakeamoreactiveapproach,Dropbox,GoogleDriveandMicrosoft‘sSkyDriveletyoustorefilesonlinebyyourself,shareandinstantlyaccessthem.Allofferfreeoptions—2GBoffreestorageforDropbox,5GBforGoogleand7GBforSkyDrive.Butifyouwantmore,youneedtopay.BottomTheharddriveorflashdriveisthecheapestandeasiest.Butdrivescanfail.Onlineservicesaremoreexpensive,butmoresecure.Withmoreofusswitchingbackandforthbetweenourcomputers,suchservicesarethebestwaytogetaccesstoourdatafromwhereverweare.第10页4759.WhydoestheauthormentionSuperstormA.Totellthe59.WhydoestheauthormentionSuperstormA.Totellthebackgroundofthescanningphotos.B.Toattractthereaders‘interestintheC.Todescribeaseverenatural60.WhatcanweknowfromtheA.ScanningphotostakeslittletimebutcostsaD.Towinthereaders‘CaronitechargesforbackingupphotosfromhardGoogleDriveoffersunlimitedfreephotostorageonTheharddriveorflashdriveisthecheapestand61.WhichofthefollowingallowsstoringfilesA.B.C.D.Flash62.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto A.tellrealstoriesaboutstorageC.describethefunctionsofstorageB.introducesomeofthestorageD.argueabouttheadvantageofstorageCTheCommonwealthgameshavemeantthattheeyesoftheworldhavebeenfocusedonourfaircity—Melbourne.Anditwouldlookprettygood,wouldn‘tit?Andwhatbetterwaytoregainourtitleasworld‘smostliveablecity?I‘mtoldthatwerecentlylosttherighttosaythistoforeignfriendsproudlywhentheinternationallistwasre-examinedandweslippedtothefourthplace.It‘shardtoseehowMelbournecouldhavelostitscrown(桂冠)whenyoulookatwhatithastooffer.24hoursColes,freetransportfordrunksonNewYear‘sEve,anewfreeway,it‘sallhere.Thefirstfocusfortheinternationalpresswillobviouslybetheendlessstadiumsdottedaroundthecity.ButaswellasbeingfulleveryotherweekendthesegreatplacesoftenplayhosttoslightlyolderkidsAtRodLaver,eventheoldsgetalook-inastheChristianevangelical教会的)roadshowrollsintotownonceayearforanightofstadiumworship(崇AnotherpleasureMelbourneenjoysisthatit‘sveryeasytogetaround.There‘sabitofasqueezeduringrushforsure,butnothinglikeBangkok,wherethejourneyhomecantakelongerthangrowingabeardandparkingisbarelydistinguishablefromthedriveitself.Drivinghereisapieceofcake.Itmustbebecausethewisepeoplewhohandoutthetaxisseemtoactivelyencourageacareerbehindthewheelwithin24hoursoflandinginthecountryasaneducationaltoolforgettingtoknowthecity.Noslowingdownforlearningbends,justgo,go,go!Asforthesociallife,withover40millionbarsinMelbourne‘sCBDalone,wehaveplentyofplacesforspectatorstocelebratenationalvictory,makingthistownasgoodasanyandithappens24hoursaday,7daysaweek.Unfortunately,theathletesthemselvesdon‘tgettosmelltherosestothesamedegree.Buttherestoftheworldwillknowthatthisistheplacetobe.Themostliveablecityintheworld.Byfartheeasiestplaceonearthtocheatwhichisessentiallywhatwe‘retalking第11页47InParagraph1and2theauthoriswondering howMelbournehasfallenwhentheinternationallistwasre-whatInParagraph1and2theauthoriswondering howMelbournehasfallenwhentheinternationallistwasre-whattheyshoulddotoregaintheworld‘swhetherMelbournecanoffergreaterWhatdoestheauthormainlywanttoshowintheThecasuallifestylesofThevarioussocialactivitiesinThecompetitiveadvantagesofTheconvenienttransportationinFromtheunderlinedsentence,wecaninfertheathletes haveminimumsocialtakenointerestinthebeautyoftheareforbiddentoliveinthebusycityareunwillingtocelebratethevictoryWhichofthefollowingshowsthestructureoftheCCCDCCCP:Central P:C:SpSub-point次要点第12共47DAcrosscountryside,non-foodcropsaregrowingalongsidewheat.Someareusedinnewalternativestoplasticsandothermaterials,butotherswillsimplybeburned.BurningDAcrosscountryside,non-foodcropsaregrowingalongsidewheat.Someareusedinnewalternativestoplasticsandothermaterials,butotherswillsimplybeburned.Burningcropsisbecomingmorepopularbecauseitisgoodfortheplanet.Doingsoisalsocheaperthanburningfossilfuels.Asmorelandisdevotedtonon-foodcropproduction,theeconomicsofcropsforfuelarelikelytobecomeevenmorefavorable.Humanshavebeenburningsuchbiomass—organicmaterialsfromplantsoranimals—sincetheydiscoveredButthatburningfossilfuelscouldhavecatastrophicconsequenceshasbroughtbiomassbackintoEvenallowingforemissions(排放)ofcarbondioxidefromfuelusedinplanting,harvesting,processingandtransportingbiomassfuel,replacingfossilfuelwithbiomasscantypicallyreducegreenhousegasemissionsbymorethan90percent.Powerstationsaroundtheworldareexperimentingwithformsofbiomasstoaddtotheircoaloroilwithencouragingresults.Indeed,powercompaniescouldprofitbyturningtobiomass,especiallywhenthesubsidies(补助)manygovernmentsofferforusingrenewableenergyaretakenintoaccount.Farmerscanbenefitfromgrowingbiomass.InEurope,thereductionofsubsidiesforcertaincropsisexposingfarmerstomarketforces.Insteadofbeingpaidforwhatevertheyproduce,farmersmustseekacleardemandfortheirproduct.Manybelievethatthedemandforalternativestofossilfuelscouldbejustsuchadriver.Butwhilebiomassoffersavarietyofpotentialalternatives,theworld‘sinfrastructure(基础设施)hasdevelopedaroundburningfossilfuelstosuchastagethatswitchingtobiomassinvolvesachangeinconceptionthatmanycompanieshavenotaccepted.Also,thereareproblemswithusingbiomass.Althoughmostcoal-firedpowerstationscouldtakeasmallamountoftheirfuelfrombiomasswithoutsignificantadjustment,fewarebuilttorunonbiomassalone.Burningsomeformsofbiomassalsocausesenvironmentalproblems.Oilsandwastecanbesmelly,whilewoodproducessmokeunlessburnedThesupplychainsforfossilfuelsaresetupwell,butthoseforbiomassarejustthebeginning.Sourcesofsupplyforbiomassrelyonfarmproductionandcanthereforebelessreliable.Theyarenecessarilylimitedanditwouldn‘tmakesensetoturnaverylargeamountofvaluableagriculturallandawayfromfoodcrops.Butastheworldadjuststotheneedtocontrolgreenhousegasemissions,theseproblemsmayreceivemoreWhatdoweknowaboutItisausefulwayofburningItisanewalternativetobeusedItisplantandanimalmatterusedtoprovideItisapopularapproachtofightingagainst第13页47WhataretheadvantagesofusingItgivesofflessWhataretheadvantagesofusingItgivesofflessgreenhouseIthelpsfarmersreceivesubsidiesforwhattheyIthasmetthecleardemandforIthasbroughtsubsidiesforsomepowerItischeaperthanburningfossilA.a,b,B.b,c,C.c,d,D.d,e,Forcoal-firedpowerstations, moreeffectivewaystousebiomasshavebeenusingrenewableenergyhasbecometheirdailyburningbiomassalonewouldrequireconsiderablesettingupdependablesupplychannelsneedsgovernments‘Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbiomassA.B.C.D.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分IknowjusthowyouDoyoufeelsad?Happy?Angry?Youmaythinkthatthewayyoushowtheseemotionsisunique.Well,thinkagain.Eventheexpressionofthemostpersonalfeelingscanbeclassified,accordingtoMindReading,aDVDexhibitingeverypossiblehumanemotion.71Inthemid1800s,Darwindividedtheemotionsintosixtypes—anger,fear,sadness,disgust,surpriseandenjoyment.Morecomplexexpressionsofemotionwereprobablylearnedandthereforemorespecifictoeachculture.Butnowitisbelievedthatmanymorefacialexpressionsaresharedworldwide.72TheMindReadingDVDisasystematicvisualrecordoftheseexpressions.TheprojectwasdesignedbyaCambridgeprofessor.Hisresearchteamfirsthadtodefineaneotion.73Usingthisdefinition,412emotiontermswereidentifiedanddiscussed,fromaidto―anting.Theneachexpressionisactedoutbysixdifferentactors.―Itwasreallyclearwhentheactorshadgotitright,‖saysCathyCollis,whodirectedtheDVD.―lthoughtheyweregivensomedirection,theactorswerenottoldwhichfacialmusclestheyshouldmove.74‖SomeonewhohastriedtosetsuchrulesistheAmerican,ProfessorPaulEkman,whobuiltdatabaseofhowthefacemovesforeveryemotion.Thefacecanmake43distinctmusclemovements.Ekmanhasalsofoundthatitmaynotbepossibleforpeopletoreproducethemartificially.Themostdifficultexpressiontoreproduceisthesmile.Itisn‘tonlyaboutstretchingthelips,buttighteningthetinymusclesaroundtheeye.75Ifwelearnttorecognizewhethersomeonewasusingtheireyemusclewhentheysmiled,wewouldbeabletodistinguishtrueenjoymentfromItshows412distinctwaysweThesecanbecombinedintomorethan10,000facialTheseparticularmusclesaredifficulttocontrol,andfewpeoplecandoTheydecidedthatitwasamentalstatethatcouldbeintroducedby―Ifeel‖or―helooks‖or―sheHesaidtheexpressionofthesefeelingswasuniversalandrecognizablebyanyone,fromanyItisasiftheyareprogrammedintothebrainsofnoralhumans‖wherevertheyareandwhatevertheirWethoughtoftryingtodescribeeachemotion,butitwouldhavebeenalmostimpossibletomakeclearrules第14页472013西城一第二部分：知识运用（共两节,45分第一 单项填21．Johnisasgoodashis hemakesapromise,hewillkeepA．B．22．TheaterfansloveNewYork, offersavarietyofBroadway2013西城一第二部分：知识运用（共两节,45分第一 单项填21．Johnisasgoodashis hemakesapromise,hewillkeepA．B．22．TheaterfansloveNewYork, offersavarietyofBroadway23．Fromourwindowwehaveagoodviewoftheopenfields, intotheA．toB．having24．Sorryaboutthemess．The attheA．hasB．hadC．isbeingD．willbe25．Eggprices inthespringwhentheyaremostA．areC．haveD．will26．Iwalkedpastyourhouselastnight．Therewasanawfullotof A．did;B．would;C．had;D．were;27．—George,goodluckwithyourEnglishexam—Gosh,Iwish foritlastA．haveC．hadD．would28．—DidyoulikeMr．Green's— anydescription．Iwillcomeagainwithmy bythestudentsarereportedtohavebeensenttothechildreninthecountrysidetheotherA．havingB．tobeD．30．— formorethan30years I'mgoingtoretire—Really?Youdon‘tlookadayover31．—Bill,becareful!B．havebeenworkingC．hadD．amI break32．Iamsurethatifitcametothathewould isexpectedof33．I'mworkingonmyfitnessandIwillbereadyinacoupleofweeks, sooner． Howactivetheguysare Never mystudentssoA．IB．IhaveC．doID．haveI35．Adiscoveryissaidto accident preparedA．the;B．an;C．the;D．an;第15页47第二 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，共30分I第二 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，共30分Iwasatthepostofficeearlythatmorning,hopingtobeinandoutinashortwhile．Yet,I myselfstandingaqueuethatwentallthewayintothehallway．Ihadneverseensomanypeoplethereonaweekday．Itseemedmighthavemadeanannouncement,welcomingcustomerstocarryas astheycouldandbringthemwhenIneededtohavemyownpackage38．Thequeuemovedveryslowly．MypatienceranoutandIgot39．Thelongerittook,theangrierIbecame．WhenIgottothecounterfinally,Ifinishedmy40quicklyandbriefly,andthenwalkedpastthequeuethatwasnowextendingpastthefrontdoor．"Excuseme,"Isaid,tryingnottobetoopushy．Severalpeoplehadtomove tomakeroomformetogettothe42 Isteppedout,complainingaboutthe conditions．ThinkingIwasgoingtobelateformydentistappointment,