有趣的英语小知识讲座

InterestingEnglishknowledgelecture2023-2026ONEKEEPVIEWREPORTING目录CATALOGUETheHistoryandOriginsofEnglishSecretsofEnglishWordsTheGrammarCharacteristicsofEnglishFunStoriesaboutEnglishPronunciationEnglishandCultureTipsandsuggestionsforlearningEnglishTheHistoryandOriginsofEnglishPART01

TheOriginofEnglish500ADEnglishisfirstspookedbyGermantrialswhosettledintheBritishIsles700ADOldEnglish(AngloSaxon)benefitsthedominantlanguageinBritain1066ADNormaninvasionleadstotheNormanFrenchlanguagebeingintroducedtoEngland14thcenturyWilliamShakespeare'sworkscontributionsignificantlytothedevelopmentofEnglishliterature16thcenturyTheprintingpressenablesthestandardizationandspreadofEnglish12th13thcenturyTheGreatVowelShiftoccurs,changingthepromotionofEnglishTheDevelopmentofEnglish18th19thcenturyBritishcolonizationleadstotheglobalspreadofEnglish20thcenturyTheriskofAmericanpowerandglobalinfluenceincreasesthepopulationofEnglish21stcenturyEnglishcomesthegloballanguageforinternationalcommunicationandtradeTheGlobalSpreadandInfluenceofEnglishSecretsofEnglishWordsPART02ManyEnglishwordscomefromLatin,suchas"magic","aggregate","graduation"TheLatinoriginSomeEnglishwordsareborrowedfromFrench,like"rendezvous","entryage","bizarre"TheFrenchoriginSomeEnglishwordsarederivedfromGreek,like"telephone","encyclopedia","psychology"TheGreekoriginSomeEnglishwordsareborrowedfromGermany,like"kindergarten","pretzel","walnut"TheGermanoriginTheSourceofEnglishVocabularyBackformationBackformationistheprocessofremovingasuffixtoformanewword,like"edit"from"editor","organize"from"organization"CompoundwordsCompoundwordsareformedbycombiningtwoormorewords,like"notebook","eyewitness","greenhouse"DerivationDerivedwordsareformedbyaddingprefixesorsuffixestootherwords,like"unhappy","happiness","friendship"AcronymsAcronymsareformedbycombiningtheinitiallettersofaseriesofwords,like"NASA","radar","UNESCO"TheWordFormationofEnglishVocabularySlangSlangisakindofcaseandinformationlanguage,oftenusedbyyoungpeopleorinaspecificsocialcircleSomeexamplesare"cool","groovy","dope"IdiomsIdiomsarefixedexpressionsthatcannotbeunderstoodfromthemeaningsoftheindividualwordsSomeexamplesare"itrainscatsanddogs","tobeataroundthebush","tokickthebucket"InterestedEnglishslangandperiodsTheGrammarCharacteristicsofEnglishPART03ItisusedtoexpressanactionthatoccursregularlyorisalwaystrueExample:"Ieatappleseveryday."ThePresentSimpleTenseItisformedwiththeaccessories"be"and"get"andthepastparticleofthemainverbExample:"Thebookwaswrittenbyhim."ThePassiveVoiceTheSenseandVoiceofEnglishTheirnamepersons,places,things,ideas,orqualitiesExample:"cat","city","happiness"NounsTheyaredefined("the")anddefine("a"or"an")Example:"thecar","acat"ArticlesNounsandArticlesinEnglishTheyareusedbeforeanounorpronountoshowpositionordirectionExample:"in","on","under"TheyareusedtoconnectwordsorgroupsofwordsExample:"and","but","or"EnglishpositionsandconnectionsConnectionsPositionsFunStoriesaboutEnglishPronunciationPART04RuleofStressEnglishwordsareprocessedbasedonsymmetricalpatternsThestressedsellableiscommonlycloudyandlongerthantheunstressedsellableRuleofVowelsEnglishVowelshavedifferentpronunciationsdependingonthesurroundingindividualsandthepositionofstressRuleofConsonantsConsonantsarepromotingdifferentlyindifferentpositions,suchasatthebeginning,middle,orendofawordTheRulesandCharacteristicsofEnglishPronunciationIncasualspeech,wordsunderchangeinpromotion,knownas"weekforms"Forexample,"was"cansoundlike"were"whenusedinthepasttenseOvertime,Englishhasonesoundshift,resultinginchangesinpromotionForexample,theGreatVowelShiftoccurredinthe14thcentury,changingtheenrollmentofvotesAccentsandDialectscansignificantlyinfluencethepromotionofwordsForexample,inBritishEnglish,"cot"and"thought"arepromotingdifferently,whileinAmericanEnglish,theyarepromotingthesameWeekFormsSoundShiftsAccentsandDialectsPhoneticchangesinEnglishInterestedEnglishaccountsanddialoguesBritishaccents:TherearevariousBritishaccents,includingCockney,Welsh,Scottish,andIrishaccentsEachhasitsuniquepromotionandvocalcharacteristicsAmericanAccounts:Americanaccountsvarybyregion,withsignificantdifferencesbetweentheNortheast,Southern,Midwestern,andWesternaccountsAustralianAccount:TheAustralianAccountischaracterizedbypronunciationslike"Barry"for"berry"and"dirty"for"dicer"AfricanAccents:EnglishspeakersinAfricaoftenhaveuniquepromotionsthatreflecttheirlocallanguagesandculturesForexample,NigerianEnglishisknownforitsuseoftensevowelsandastrongemphasisoncentralsyndromeEnglishandCulturePART05010405060302TableMannersintheUnitedKingdomTheUnitedKingdomhasauniquetablementhatareobservedduringmealsForinstance,itisconsideredpoliticaltowaitforeveryonetobepreservedbeforestartingtoeat,anditisalsocustomarytofinisheverybitoffoodonyourplatebeforetakingmoreItisalsoimportanttorememberthatitisconsideredimportanttotalkwithyourmorefulloffood$item3_c{文字是您思想的提炼，为了最终呈现发布的良好效果，请尽量言简意赅的阐述观点；根据需要可酌情增减文字，4行*25字}$item4_c{文字是您思想的提炼，为了最终呈现发布的良好效果，请尽量言简意赅的阐述观点；根据需要可酌情增减文字，4行*25字}$item5_c{文字是您思想的提炼，为了最终呈现发布的良好效果，请尽量言简意赅的阐述观点；根据需要可酌情增减文字，4行*25字}$item6_c{文字是您思想的提炼，为了最终呈现发布的良好效果，请尽量言简意赅的阐述观点；根据需要可酌情增减文字，4行*25字}CulturalcustomsinEnglishspeakingcountiesGreetingsintheUnitedStatesIntheUnitedStates,meetingsareanimportantpartofsocialcommunicationItiscustomarytoshakehandsonmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,anditisalsocommontousefirstnamesevenamongpeoplewhoarenotfamilywitheachotherGreetingsoftenincludeahandshake,asmile,andabriefexchangeofpleasantriesCulturalcustomsinEnglishspeakingcountiesIdeasinEnglishIdeasareexpressionsthathaveauniquemeaningthatisnotalwaysapparentfromtheindividualwordsForinstance,theidol"toraincatsanddogs"means"torainhealth,"eventhoughitmaynotseethisobjectivewhythisexpressionexistsOtherexamplesinclude"tobeataroundthebush"(toavoidtheissue)and"tokickthebucket"(todie)CulturalannotationsandexpressionsinEnglishProverbsinEnglishProverbsareshortsayingsthatcontainwisdomoradviceaboutlifeForinstance,theverb"Actionsspeaklouderthanwords"meansthatactionsaremoreimportantthanwordswhenitcomestomakinganimpactorcommunicatingamessageOtherexamplesinclude"Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush"(itisbettertohavesomethingcertificatethantorisklosingitforsomethingunknown)and"Apennysavedisapennyearned"(savingmoneyisasgoodaslearningit)CulturalannotationsandexpressionsinEnglishAddressingandTitlesinEnglishInEnglish,peopleoftenusetitleswhenaddressingothers,suchas"Mr."or"Ms."beforeaperson'slastnameIncontrast,inChineseculture,peopleoftenusepersonalnamesortermsofeducationwhenaddressingothers,suchas"OldZhang"or"LittleLi."ThisreflectsthedifferencesinvaluesandculturebetweenthetwolanguagesTheReflectionofCulturalDifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishinLanguageConversationStylesinEnglishEnglishspeakerstendtovaluedirectnessandexplicitnessinconversation,oftenpreferringtosayexactlywhattheymeanwithoutmuchbeatingaroundthebushInChineseculture,indirectnessandambiguitiescanbemoreacceptableinconversation,allowingformoreroomforliteracyandevolutionThiscanleadtomisunderstandingsorculturalclaimswhenpeoplefromdifferentculturesattacktocommunicateTheReflectionofCulturalDifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishinLanguageTipsandsuggestionsforlearningEnglishPART06FindalearningpartnerLearningEnglishwithapartnercanbefunandinteractive,allowingyoutopracticespeakingandimprovefluencyUsegamesandappsTherearemanygamesandappsdesignedtohelplearnEnglish,makinglearningmoreenjoyableandengagingWatchEnglishmoviesandTVshowsWatchingmoviesandTVshowsinEnglishcanhelpimprovelisteningcomprehensionandincorporateyouinthelanguage010203MethodstoenhanceinterestinlearningEnglish03