新教材2024版高中英语Unit1ScienceandScientistsPeriod3UsingLanguage课件新人教版选择性必修第二册

UNIT1

SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTSPeriodThree

UsingLanguage课前自主预习Ⅰ．猜词意A．改变；转换；轮班；转移；挪动；转向B．弱点；过错C．优秀的；杰出的；明显的D．阴影；影子；背光处E．抽象的；理性的；(文献等的)摘要1．Thesunshonethroughtheleaves,castingshadowsonthelawn. (

)2．Hisoutstandingabilityearnedhimaplaceontheteam. (

)3．Hereadthroughthepapersandmadeanabstractoftheircontents. (

)4．Heisproudofhischildrenandblindtotheirfaults.(

)5．Sheshiftedherweightfromonefoottotheother. (

)【答案】1．D

2．C

3．E

4．B

5．A

Ⅱ．猜单词拼写

1．defendvt.→__________

n.防御；保护；防卫(参考：offend→offence)

2．assistantn.→__________

n.帮助；援助；支持【答案】1．defence

2．assistance

3．giftedadj.→__________

n.礼物；天赋(参考：talented→talent)

4．steadyadj.→__________

adv.稳定地；坚定地；坚固地(参考：happy→happily)

【答案】3．gift

4．steadily

Ⅲ．预备写作素材

1．He________________onNov.13,1968．(出生在中国)

2．Hewasagreatman_______________FatherofChineseChips.(有……之名)

3．Hewasborninto_______________.(一个贫穷的家庭)

【答案】1．wasborninChina

2．withthenameof

3．apoorfamily

4．Hestudiedatalocalhighschooland__________________.(毕业于北京大学)

5．Heissuch_______________thatwealladmirehim.(一个有学问的人)

6．Hedevoted_________________.(他把一生都献给了工作)

【答案】4．graduatedfromPekingUniversity

5．alearnedperson

6．allhislifetothework

7．He_______________ourcountry.(做出了巨大的贡献)

8．Hewas______________bymanypeople.(被高度评价)

9．Hewilllive_____________usforever.(在……心中)

10．Hedevoteshimselfto________________.(实现他的人生目标)

【答案】7．madegreatcontributionsto

8．highlythoughtof

9．intheheartsof

10．achievinghislifegoal

课文语篇研读Ⅰ．阅读课文，判断信息正误

(

)1．BorninBeijingin1911,QianattendedschoolsinBeijingandthenenteredShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitytostudyRailwayMechanicalEngineering.(

)2．QianwenttotheUnitedStatesin1935topursuehisgraduatestudies.(

)3．AfterovercomingsomedifficultiesduringhisfinalfewyearsintheUS，QianreturnedtoChinain1955．【答案】1－3

FTT

(

)4．Whenhewasasked“CanweChinesepossiblymakemissiles？”Qian’sreplywasyes.(

)5．StephenHawkingwasthemostfamousandgiftedscientistinphysics.(

)6．StephenHawkingisbrilliant，brave,determined，althoughsometimeshewascareless.【答案】4－6

TFT

Ⅱ．阅读课文，选择正确选项

(

)1．HowoldwasQianXuesenwhenChinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstman-madesatellite?A．49yearsold. B．59yearsold.C．69yearsold. D．79yearsold.【答案】B(

)2．Whatcanwecanlearnfromthepassage?A．Chinawasingreatneedofscientistsinthe1950s.B．QianXuesenwasnotwelcomeintheUnitedStates.C．ArtnevergaveQianXueseninspirationinhisresearch.D．QianXuesunhadnothingtodowithShenzhouspacecrafts.【答案】A(

)3．Hawkingfirstgothisfameby________.A．usingthecomputersandwheelchair

B．graduatingfromCambridgeUniversity

C．pointingoutaprofessor’smathsmistake

D．doinghisownworkonthebigbangtheory

【答案】D(

)4．FromthesecondtextweknowthenatureofHawking’sbeing________.A．braveandcareful

B．determinedandbrilliantC．carelessanddisabled

D．learnedandhumorous

【答案】B(

)5．Wheredoesthistextof“AWORLDOFPURETHOUGHT”probablycomefrom?A．Amedicaljourney.B．Atouristbrochure.C．Asciencetextbook.D．Anagriculturalmagazine.【答案】C

Ⅲ．课文语法填空

WhenQianXuesenwasyoung,herealisedChinaneededairforce1．__________(defend)thecountry,sohewenttoAmericatostudyaviation.Asagraduate2．__________(assist)ataninstitute,hehelpedconductimportantresearchintorocketpropulsion.Finally,hebecameapioneerinjetandrockettechnology.【答案】1．todefend

2．assistant

3．__________QianXuesenreturnedtoChinain1995,hewasput4．__________chargeofdevelopingChina’srocketscience,spaceandmissileprogramme.Underhisleadership,Chinamade5．________(outstand)progressinrockets,missilesandman-madesatellites.Becauseofthis,heearnedthenameof“thefatherofChina’saerospace”.【答案】3．When

4．in

5．outstanding

StephenHawkingwasa6．__________(gift)scientist.Sincehecame7．____________withadiseasecausinghimunabletowalkorspeak,hisworldbecameoneofabstractthought.Therewasatheoryontheoriginoftheuniverseexplainingtheuniverse8．______(begin)atasinglepointintimeandspace.【答案】6．gifted

7．down

8．began

Hisownworkonthebigbangtheorywasprovenbyastronomerswith9．__________(telescope)andanewstarwasborn.Hewasbrilliant,braveanddetermined.Andhewaswillingtoadmithisfaults.This10．________(combine)ofhischaracteristicsmadehimoneofthegreatestthinkersofmoderntimes.【答案】9．telescopes

10．combination

课堂新知讲练1．pourvt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)

(P7)Anon-Newtonianfluidisstrangebecauseyoucanpouritlikealiquid,butifyouputanypressureonit,itsuddenlybecomeshardasconcrete.【翻译】非牛顿流体很奇怪，因为你可以像液体一样倒它，但如果你对它施加任何压力，它会突然变得像混凝土一样硬。

词汇拓讲【用法详解】Thecrowdsuddenlypouredintothestore.人群突然涌进商店。Hewassoworriedthatsweatbegantopourdownhisface.他太担心了，汗水从脸上淌下来。【针对练习】

单句语法填空(1)Ipouredthemilkfromthebottle______thecups.(2)Aftertheconferencethepeoplepoured__________incrowds.(3)Weweresailingontheseawhenitsuddenlypoured________.【答案】(1)into

(2)out

(3)down

2．breakout(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发

(P7)However,aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeoutin1932,QianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajortoaviationbecauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectanddefendthecountry.【翻译】然而，1932年淞沪战役爆发后，钱学森决定转到航空专业，因为他意识到中国需要自己强大的空军来保护和保卫国家。【用法详解】

Ourcarbrokedownandwehadtodrawittoagarage.我们的车坏了，我们不得不把它拖到修车厂去。Itwasmoneytroublethatbrokeuptheirmarriage.钱的问题使他们的婚姻破裂了。【针对练习】

完成句子(1)TheSecondWorldWar__________inSeptember,1939．第二次世界大战于1939年9月爆发。(2)Wehadto___________________aswehadlostthekey.我们把钥匙弄丢了，不得不破门而入。(3)Don’t_________________whenheistellingthestory.他讲故事的时候不要打断他。【答案】(1)brokeout

(2)breakintothehouse

(3)breakin

3．defendvt.保卫；防守；辩解

(P7)However,aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeoutin1932,QianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajortoaviationbecauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectanddefendthecountry.【翻译】然而，1932年淞沪战役爆发后，钱学森决定转到航空专业，因为他意识到中国需要自己强大的空军来保护和保卫国家。(1)defend…from/against(doing)…保护……免受……

defendoneselfagainststh. 保护自己不受……；为自己辩护(2)defencen.防御；辩护；保卫defensiveadj.防御性的；自我保护的

【用法详解】Thedamwasbuilttodefendtheroadfrombeingwashedawaybythesea.修建水坝是为了保护公路不被海水冲毁。【针对练习】

单句语法填空(1)Thefortcannotbedefended________anairattack.(2)Liketheirchildren,parentsareoften________(defend)abouttheirprivatelives.【答案】(1)against/from

(2)defensive

完成句子(3)Allthepolicemenhavebeentrainedto________thesuddenattacks.所有的警察都受过防御突然袭击的训练。【答案】(3)defendthemselvesagainst/from4．inchargeof主管；掌管

(P8)Hereceivedahero’swelcomefromhishomelandandwasputinchargeofnotonlydevelopingChina’srocketsciencebutalsoitsspaceandmissileprogramme.【翻译】他在祖国受到了英雄般的欢迎，并被任命不仅负责发展中国的火箭科学，而且还负责中国太空和导弹计划。(1)chargen.费用；主管；vt.&vi.收费；控诉；充电(2)chargesb.forsth.为某物向某人收取费用chargesb.withsth.控告某人某事(3)takechargeof掌管；负责inthechargeofsb.受某人的管理

【用法详解】ThecolumnofthenewspaperisinthechargeofMrGreen.报纸的专栏由格林先生负责。【语境串记】

Themaninchargeof/takingchargeoftheactivitysaidthattheticketswerefreeofcharge.Inotherwords,theywouldn’tchargeusforthetickets.负责这项活动的人说门票是免费的。换句话说，他们不会向我们收取门票费用。【针对练习】

完成句子(1)Aslongasyou’vepaidinadvancewewon’t____________________delivery.只要你预先付款，我们就不收运费。【答案】(1)chargeyoufor

(2)Theman_________________thecompanywascharged________spreadingrumorsontheInternet.掌管这家公司的那个人被指控在网上散布谣言。(3)Aweeklater,Ivolunteered_________________Englishstudyinmyclass.一周后，我自愿负责班级里的英语学习。【答案】(2)inchargeof;with

(3)totakechargeof

5．tracevt.追溯；追踪；查出

n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹

(P8)BecausemuchofthetechnologybehindtheShenzhouspacecraftscanalsobetracedbacktoQian’sresearch,Qianearnedthenameof“thefatherofChina’saerospace”.【翻译】由于神舟飞船背后的许多技术都可以追溯到钱学森的研究，钱学森赢得了“中国航天之父”的称号。tracebackto…

追溯到……

trace…to…

追查……到……

【用法详解】Theburglarhadleftseveraltracesofhispresence.窃贼留下了他出现过的几处痕迹。【针对练习】

单句语法填空(1)Atlastthenoisewastraced________afaultinthepipes.(2)Hisfatherclaimstobeabletotracethefamilyback________manycenturiesago.(3)Thesequotationscannotreadily________(trace)totheirsources.【答案】(1)to

(2)to

(3)betraced

6．giftedadj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的

(P8)StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousandgiftedscientistsinphysics.【翻译】斯蒂芬·霍金是物理学中最著名且最有天赋的科学家之一。begiftedwith…

有……天赋；天生就……

agifteddancer/musician天才舞蹈演员/音乐家haveagiftfor…

对……有天赋

【用法详解】Heisgiftedwiththeabilitytounderstandadiverserangeofpeopleandtheircultures.他有能力理解各种各样的人和他们的文化。【针对练习】

单句语法填空(1)Manistheonlycreaturethatisgifted________speech.(2)Ibelievemyfatherisa__________(gift)man.【答案】(1)with

(2)gifted

完成句子(3)Yourcookingisamazingandyoureally_____________food.你的厨艺太棒了，你对食物真的很有天赋。(4)Eachpersonisspecialand____________uniquetalents.每个人都是特殊的，都有独特的才能。【答案】(3)haveagift/talentfor

(4)isgiftedwith7．comedown患(病)；染上(小病)

(P8)Sincehecamedownwithadiseasewhichcausedhimtolosetheuseofmostofhismuscles,hisworldbecameoneofabstractthought.【翻译】自从他得了一种病，使他的大部分肌肉无法活动，他的世界就变成了一个抽象的思想世界。【用法详解】

Theplanecamedownsafelydespitethemist.尽管有雾，飞机还是安全降落了。ThewholeweekendwassowonderfulthatIhaven’tcomedownyet.整个周末过得这么精彩，我到现在还没有平静下来。【针对练习】

单句语法填空(1)Iwatchedthearchaeologistscome__________intothevalley.(2)Isthisyournecklace,Mary？Icame__________itwhenIwascleaningthebathroomthismorning.(3)Ihopeyoucancomeup__________abetterplanthanthis.【答案】(1)down

(2)across

(3)with

完成句子(4)It’salready10o’clock.Iwonder_____________________thatsheistwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.已经10点了。我不知道她怎么会在这么短的路程上晚了两个小时。【答案】(4)howitcomeabout

8．besidesprep.除……之外(还)

adv.而且；此外

(P9)Besidesbeingbrilliant,hewasbrave,thoughsometimescarelessinwhathesaidordid.【翻译】除了才华横溢之外，他还很勇敢，尽管有时言行举止随意。besideprep.在旁边；除……之外(还)

adv.而且；此外表示“此外”的词和短语还有furthermore,inaddition,what’smore。【用法详解】Hehadotherpeopletotakecareofbesidesme.除了我之外，他还有其他人需要照顾。【词语辨析】

词语用法besides表示一种累加关系，意思是“除了……之外还有……”except表示一种排除关系，意思是“除了……之外”exceptfor表示从整体中排除部分，意思是“除……之外”，所排除的情况往往不影响整体或大局词语用法exceptthat/

when/where后面要接从句，表示“除了……之外”apartfrom表示“除了……之外”，与except用法相似；还有可作“除了……之外(还有)，此外”讲时，相当于inadditionto或besidesbut作介词用时，意思是“除……之外”，相当于except，通常与no,all,nobody,everything等连用Hisperformancewasverygoodexceptforasmallfault.除了一个小错误，他的表演很好。Apartfromsomespellingmistakes,thecompositionisfairlygood.除了几处拼写错误外，这篇作文还算不错。Bicyclingisgoodexercises;besides,itdoesnotpollutetheair.骑自行车是很好的运动；此外，它不污染空气。【针对练习】

选用besides,except,exceptfor,exceptthat,apartfrom,but填空(1)Thereweremorebottlesofbeer____________thetwohegaveus.(2)__________,thesweaterismadeofpurewool.Verysoft!

【答案】(1)besides/apartfrom

(2)Besides

(3)Iknownothingabouthim____________helivesnextdoor.(4)I’vefinishedallmyhomework________thelastquestion.(5)Ihavenothingtodo__________wait.【答案】(3)exceptthat

(4)apartfrom/except

(5)but

9．aboveall最重要的是；尤其是

(P9)Aboveall,Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithisfaults.【翻译】最重要的是，霍金愿意承认自己的错误。aboveall最重要的是；首先allinall总而言之afterall毕竟；终究；归根结底atall完全；全然；究竟；竟然firstofall首先inall总计；总的说来

【用法详解】Iwouldliketobuyahouse—modern,comfortable,andaboveallinaquietplace.我想买一栋房子——现代化、舒适，最重要的是要在一个安静的地方。Althoughtheyhaddifficulties,Iheardtheyhavesucceededafterall.虽然他们有困难，但我听说他们还是成功了。【针对练习】

单句语法填空(1)Thegirlwasanxiousandbegantotremble.________all,itwasthefirsttimethatshehadbeenonthestage.(2)Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter,thetrainerfirst________allhastoknowtheirstrengthsandweaknesses.【答案】(1)After

(2)of

完成句子(3)__________，whatyouhaddonedidannoyhimgreatly.总而言之，你所做的事确实使他很生气。(4)Hevisited,_____________,fifteengalleriesinChina.他总共参观了中国的15家画廊。【答案】(3)Allinall

(4)inall

1．(P8)Whenasked“CanweChinesepossiblymakemissiles？”，hisreplywasadetermined“Whynot？WeChineseareabletomakethesamethingsthatotherpeoplemake.”

【翻译】当被问到“我们中国人能制造导弹吗？”，他坚决地回答：“为什么不呢？别人能做的东西，我们中国人同样能做。”

句式解读【句式剖析】

这里的“Whenasked”是一个省略结构，相当于“Whenhewasasked…”。在使用时间、地点、条件、让步或原因等之类的状语从句时，如果其中谓语部分含有be的任何一种形式，且主语与主句的主语相一致或主语为it时，为避免重复，常可以省略从句的主语和be。这种现象称为状语从句的省略。【归纳拓展】If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.如果可能的话，他会帮你摆脱困境。【针对练习】

单句语法填空(1)Unless________(invite),hewillnotcomebacktothecompany.(2)After________(complete),theairportwillhaveabove50%plantscoverage.【答案】(1)invited

(2)completed

句型转换(3)Whenshewasveryyoung，shebegantolearntoplaythepiano.→________,shebegantolearn

toplaythepiano.【答案】(3)Whenveryyoung

2．(P8)UnderQian’sleadership,ChinadevelopedtheDongfengmissiles,followedbythefirstgenerationofLongMarchrockets.【翻译】在钱学森的领导下，中国发展了“东风”导弹，接着是第一代长征火箭。【句式剖析】

句中“followedbythefirstgenerationofLongMarchrockets”是过去分词作定语，修饰“theDongfengmissiles”。非谓语动词作定语(1)现在分词作定语现在分词的主动式作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。现在分词的被动式作定语时，与所修饰名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，表示该动作正在被执行。【归纳拓展】(2)过去分词作定语过去分词作定语时，与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上存在动宾关系，表示该动作的被动或完成。(3)不定式作定语①不定式作定语时，通常放在所修饰词之后，表示将来的动作。不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系，若该不定式是不及物动词，则其后应有必要的介词。②被修饰的名词是抽象名词时，用不定式作定语，常见的抽象名词：ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，reply，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time等。③thefirst，thesecond，thelast，thenext，theonly等作名词或者它们作形容词修饰名词或代词时，常用不定式作定语。Atthestartofthisyear,foreignerslivinginItalyamountedto4.56million.今年年初，居住在意大利的外国人数量达到了456万。【针对练习】

单句语法填空(1)Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage__________(hide)withinthework.(2)Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,I’dlikeyoutolookatastudy__________(conduct)inAustraliain2012．【答案】(1)hidden

(2)conducted

(3)AmieSalmon,disabled,isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurse__________(appoint)toguardher.(4)MrsWhiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps__________(borrow)fromthelibrary.(5)Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,________(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.【答案】(3)appointed

(4)borrowed

(5)ranging

随堂知能小练Ⅰ．单句语法填空

1．Whenthewindshiftedfromsouth________north,itbegantogetcold.2．Heisa________(gift)pianistwhohasbeenworkinghardtoimprovehimself.3．Theexportsare________(steady)increasingyearbyyear.【答案】1．to

2．gifted

3．steadily

4．Youshouldmake________abstractofwhattheprofessorsays.5．CouldIspeaktowhoeveris________chargeofInternationalSales,please?6．Thechildrenwerehavingfun,chasingeachother’s________(shadow).【答案】4．an

5．in

6．shadows

7．Thedreamwassovivid_____hefelthimselftobeawake.8．Derart