结构力学上机实验

结构力学实验实验名称：平面桁架结构的设计实验题号：B-33姓名：罗鹏 学号：10111524指导老师：常亮实验日期：12月3日图1：结构图完成结构设计后按如下步骤计算、校核、选取、设计、优化二、强度计算轴力和应力建立结构计算模型后，由“求解→内力计算”得出结构各杆件的轴力N（见图3）再由6=N/A得出各杆件应力图2结构轴力图（单位：KN）各杆轴力表单位：力(默认),力矩(默认)杆端内力值(乘子=1)杆端1杆端2单元码轴力剪力弯矩轴力剪力弯矩180.0000000-0.000000000.0000000080.0000000-0.00000000-0.000000002140.0000000.00000000-0.00000000140.0000000.000000000.000000003140.000000-0.000000000.00000000140.000000-0.00000000-0.000000004140.000000-0.000000000.00000000140.000000-0.000000000.000000005140.0000000.00000000-0.00000000140.0000000.000000000.00000000680.00000000.00000000-0.0000000080.00000000.000000000.000000007-80.0000000-0.000000000.00000000-80.0000000-0.000000000.000000008-160.000000-0.000000000.00000000-160.000000-0.000000000.000000009-160.0000000.00000000-0.00000000-160.0000000.000000000.0000000010-80.00000000.00000000-0.00000000-80.00000000.000000000.0000000011-100.000000-0.000000000.00000000-100.000000-0.00000000-0.000000001245.0000000-0.000000000.0000000045.0000000-0.00000000-0.00000000130.00000000-0.00000000-0.000000000.00000000-0.000000000.0000000014-30.00000000.00000000-0.00000000-30.00000000.000000000.00000000150.000000000.00000000-0.000000000.000000000.000000000.000000001645.00000000.00000000-0.0000000045.00000000.000000000.0000000017-100.0000000.00000000-0.00000000-100.0000000.000000000.0000000018-75.0000000-0.000000000.00000000-75.0000000-0.00000000-0.000000001925.0000000-0.000000000.0000000025.0000000-0.00000000-0.000000002025.00000000.00000000-0.0000000025.00000000.000000000.0000000021-75.00000000.00000000-0.00000000-75.00000000.000000000.00000000表1各杆件最大轴力表上弦杆下弦杆斜腹杆直腹杆最大轴力值（KN)16014010045三、强度校核根据6《[6]对于Q235钢，[6]=215MPa;截面选取方法（请按住CTRL键点击）参考公式：A=0.25π[D2+-（D-2t）2]I=π[D4-(D-2t)4]/64四、截面优化控制上弦杆、下弦杆以及腹杆的最大应力，优化使这三个最大应力控制在0.9[6].优化后得表2杆件19/20/13/14/15杆件1/6/7/10杆件2/3/4/5杆件8/9杆件11/17杆件12/16杆件18/21单位外径D30.042.070.070.068.038.045.0mm内径d26.035.063.062.063.034.039.0mm壁厚t2.03.53.54.02.52.03.0mm截面面积A175.9423.3731.2829.4514.4226.2395.8mm2惯性矩Ix17329.079083.2405316.1453256.0276283.936756.687728.1mm4刚度EA35185.884665.9146241.0165876.0102887.145238.979168.1KNEI3.515.881.190.755.37.417.5KN.m2Es200.0200.0200.0200.0200.0200.0200.0KN/mm2上弦杆最大轴力N25.080.0140.0160.0100.045.075.0KN应力142.1189.0191.5192.9194.4198.9189.5Mpa外径D215.0215.0215.0215.0215.0215.0215.0Mpa内径d193.5193.5193.5193.5193.5193.5193.5Mpa上悬杆下悬杆直腹杆斜腹杆初选截面截面D*t（mm）60*468*3.542*268*2.5截面面积（mm2）704709251509最大轴力（Kn）16014045100最大应力（MPa）227.4197.4179.0196.5调整截面截面型号70*470*3.538*260*3截面面积（mm2）829731226.2514.4最大轴力（KN）16014045100最大应力（MPa）192.9191.5198.9194.4桁架内力与应力计算将以上调整截面数据输入计算表格求得各杆件EA、EI结点,1,0,0结点生成,6,1,1,1,1,2,0结点,8,2,1.5结点生成,4,1,8,8,1,2,0单元,1,2,1,1,0,1,1,0单元生成,5,1,1,1单元,8,9,1,1,0,1,1,0单元生成,3,7,7,1单元,1,8,1,1,0,1,1,0单元,2,8,1,1,0,1,1,0单元生成,4,12,12,1单元,7,12,1,1,0,1,1,0单元,2,9,1,1,0,1,1,0单元,9,4,1,1,0,1,1,0单元,4,11,1,1,0,1,1,0单元,11,6,1,1,0,1,1,0结点支承,1,3,0,0,0结点支承,7,1,0,0结点荷载,8,1,15,270结点荷载,9,1,30,270结点荷载,10,1,30,270结点荷载,11,1,30,270结点荷载,12,1,15,270单元材料性质,1,1,84665.9,15.8,0,0,-1单元材料性质,2,5,146241.0,81.1,0,0,-1单元材料性质,6,7,84665.9,15.8,0,0,-1单元材料性质,8,9,165876.0,90.7,0,0,-1单元材料性质,10,10,84665.9,15.8,0,0,-1单元材料性质,11,11,102887.1,55.3,0,0,-1单元材料性质,12,12,45238.9,7.4,0,0,-1单元材料性质,13,15,35185.8,3.5,0,0,-1单元材料性质,16,16,45238.9,7.4,0,0,-1单元材料性质,17,17,102887.1,55.3,0,0,-1单元材料性质,18,18,79168.1,17.5,0,0,-1单元材料性质,19,20,35185.8,3.5,0,0,-1单元材料性质,21,21,79168.1,17.5,0,0,-1表3计算所得杆件材料性质杆件19/20/13/14/15杆件1/6/7/10杆件2/3/4/5杆件8/9杆件11/17杆件12/16杆件18/21单位刚度EA17329.079083.2405316.1453256.0276283.936756.687728.1mm4EI35185.884665.9146241.0165876.0102887.145238.979168.1KN将所得数据输入求解器五、刚度校核对于桁架，控制跨中挠度最大值不大于挠度的容许值求解得结构挠度图（图3）其中[f]=L/200所有位子位移见数据（表4）图3结构位移表4结构挠度位移计算单位：位移(默认),转角(默认)杆端位移值(乘子=1)杆端1杆端2单元码u-水平位移v-竖直位移θ-转角u-水平位移v-竖直位移θ-转角10.000000000.00000000-0.009129590.00188978-0.01825917-0.0091295920.00188978-0.01825917-0.005812610.00380443-0.02988440-0.0058126130.00380443-0.02988440-0.002766340.00571908-0.03541708-0.0027663440.00571908-0.035417080.002766340.00763372-0.029884400.0027663450.00763372-0.029884400.005812610.00954837-0.018259170.0058126160.00954837-0.018259170.009129590.011438150.000000000.0091295970.00953801-0.01676709-0.006558650.00764823-0.02988440-0.0065586580.00764823-0.02988440-0.003405800.00571908-0.03669600-0.0034058090.00571908-0.036696000.003405800.00378992-0.029884400.00340580100.00378992-0.029884400.006558650.00190014-0.016767090.00655865110.000000000.00000000-0.007654590.00953801-0.01676709-0.00765459120.00188978-0.01825917-0.005098820.00953801-0.01676709-0.00509882130.00380443-0.02988440-0.002562530.00764823-0.02988440-0.00256253140.00571908-0.035417080.000000000.00571908-0.036696000.00000000150.00763372-0.029884400.002562530.00378992-0.029884400.00256253160.00954837-0.018259170.005098820.00190014-0.016767090.00509882170.011438150.000000000.007654590.00190014-0.016767090.00765459180.00188978-0.01825917-0.005102100.00764823-0.02988440-0.00510210190.00764823-0.02988440-0.002233450.00571908-0.03541708-0.00223345200.0057190