CCNA培训3、第三课：IP 编址与子网化

第三课IP编址与子网化编辑课件断点连接需要确定的地址路径选择TCP/IP地址介绍172.18.0.2172.18.0.1172.17.0.2172.17.0.1172.16.0.2172.16.0.1SADAHDRDATA10.13.0.0192.168.1.010.13.0.1192.168.1.1编辑课件IP地址

255255

255

255Dotted

DecimalMaximumNetworkHost32bits编辑课件IP地址

255255

255

255Dotted

DecimalMaximumNetworkHost128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

11111111

11111111

11111111

11111111Binary32bits1891617242532128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

编辑课件IP地址

255255

255

255Dotted

DecimalMaximumNetworkHost128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

11111111

11111111

11111111

11111111

10101100

00010000

01111010

11001100Binary32bits

172

16

122

204Example

DecimalExample

Binary1891617242532128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

128

64

32

16

8

4

2

1

128

64

32

16

8

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2

1

编辑课件ClassA:ClassB:ClassC:ClassD:多播地址ClassE:科研用IP地址分类NetworkHostHostHostNetworkNetworkHostHostNetworkNetworkNetworkHost8bits8bits8bits8bits编辑课件IP地址分类1ClassA:Bits:0NNNNNNNHostHostHost891617242532Range(1-126)1ClassB:Bits:10NNNNNNNetworkHostHost891617242532Range(128-191)1ClassC:Bits:110NNNNNNetworkNetworkHost891617242532Range(192-223)1ClassD:Bits:1110MMMMMulticastGroupMulticastGroupMulticastGroup891617242532Range(224-239)编辑课件主机地址172.16.2.1172.16.3.10172.16.12.1210.1.1.110.250.8.1110.180.30.118E1172.161212网络主机..网络端口172.16.0.010.0.0.0E0E1路由表172.16.2.110.6.24.2E0编辑课件

11111111计算可用的主机地址172

1600

10101100

00010000

00000000

0000000016

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

网络主机

00000000

00000001

11111111

11111111

11111111

11111110......

00000000

00000011

11111101123655346553565536-...265534N2N-2=216-2=65534编辑课件IP地址分类练习地址类别网络主机10.2.1.1128.63.2.100201.222.5.64192.6.141.2130.113.64.16256.241.201.10编辑课件IP地址分类练习

〔答案〕地址类别网络主机10.2.1.1128.63.2.100201.222.5.64192.6.141.2130.113.64.16256.241.201.10ABCCBNonexistent10.0.0.0128.63.0.0201.222.5.0192.6.141.0130.113.0.00.2.1.10.0.2.1000.0.0.640.0.0.20.0.64.16编辑课件网络172.16.0.0172.16.0.0不设子网的地址172.16.0.1172.16.0.2172.16.0.3…...172.16.255.253172.16.255.254编辑课件网络172.16.0.0设置子网的地址172.16.1.0172.16.2.0172.16.3.0172.16.4.0编辑课件子网地址172.16.2.200172.16.2.2172.16.2.160172.16.2.1172.16.3.5172.16.3.100172.16.3.150E0172.16网络网络端口172.16.0.0172.16.0.0E0E1新路由表2160主机..172.16.3.1E1编辑课件子网地址172.16.2.200172.16.2.2172.16.2.160172.16.2.1172.16.3.5172.16.3.100172.16.3.150172.16.3.1E0E1172.162160网络主机..网络端口172.16.2.0172.16.3.0E0E1新路由表子网编辑课件子网掩码1721600255255002552552550IP

AddressDefault

Subnet

Mask8-bit

Subnet

MaskNetworkHostNetworkHostNetworkSubnetHost“/16〞表示子网掩码有16位.“/24〞表示子网掩码有24位.11111111111111110000000000000000编辑课件十进制和二进制的转换1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 1281 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 1921 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 = 2241 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 = 2401 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 = 2481 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 = 2521 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 = 2541 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 = 255128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1编辑课件16网络主机172001010110011111111101011000001000011111111000100000000000000000000101000000000000000000000缺省情况下子网未划分00000010缺省情况下的子网掩码172.16.2.160255.255.0.0网络号编辑课件扩展了8位地址的网络利用子网掩码划分子网16网络主机172.16.2.160255.255.255.017220101011001111111110101100000100001111111100010000111111110000001010100000000000000000000000000010子网网络号128192224240248252254255编辑课件利用子网掩码划分子网网络主机172.16.2.160255.255.255.192101011001111111110101100000100001111111100010000111111110000001010100000110000001000000000000010子网扩展了10位地址的网络161722128网络好128192224240248252254255128192224240248252254255编辑课件子网掩码练习地址子网掩码类别子网172.16.2.1010.6.24.2010.30.36.12255.255.255.0255.255.240.0255.255.255.0编辑课件子网掩码练习

〔答案〕地址子网掩码类别子网172.16.2.1010.6.24.2010.30.36.12255.255.255.0255.255.240.0255.255.255.0BAA172.16.2.010.6.16.010.30.36.0编辑课件播送地址172.16.1.0172.16.2.0172.16.3.0172.16.4.0172.16.3.255(Directedbroadcast)255.255.255.255(Localnetworkbroadcast)X172.16.255.255(Allsubnetsbroadcast)编辑课件地址汇总例如16172216010101100000100001010000000000010HostMaskSubnetBroadcastLastFirst172.16.2.160255.255.255.19241编辑课件地址汇总例如1010110011111111000100001111111111111111101000001100000000000010HostMaskSubnetBroadcastLastFirst172.16.2.160255.255.255.19212161722160编辑课件地址汇总例如1010110011111111000100001111111111111111101000001100000000000010HostMaskSubnetBroadcastLastFirst172.16.2.160255.255.255.1921237161722160编辑课件地址汇总例如101011001111111100010000111111111111111110100000110000001000000000000010HostMaskSubnetBroadcastLastFirst172.16.2.160255.255.255.1921234161722160编辑课件地址汇总例如10101100111111110001000011111111111111111010000011000000100000000000001010111111HostMaskSubnetBroadcastLastFirst172.16.2.160255.255.255.192123456161722160编辑课件地址汇总例如1010110011111111000100001111111111111111101000001100000010000000000000101011111110000001HostMaskSubnetBroadcastLastFirst172.16.2.160255.255.255.192123456161722160编辑课件地址汇总例如101011001111111100010000111111111111111110100000110000001000000000000010101111111000000110111110HostMaskSubnetBroadcastLastFirst172.16.2.160255.255.255.1921234567161722160编辑课件地址汇总例如101011001111111110101100000100001111111100010000111111110000001010100000110000001000000000000010101011000001000000000010101111111010110000010000000000101000000110101100000100000000001010111110HostMaskSubnetBroadcastLastFirst172.16.2.160255.255.255.19212345678161722160编辑课件地址汇总例如101011001111111110101100000100001111111100010000111111110000001010100000110000001000000000000010101011000001000000000010101111111010110000010000000000101000000110101100000100000000001010111110HostMaskSubnetBroadcastLastFirst172.16.2.160255.255.255.192172.16.2.128172.16.2.191172.16.2.129172.16.2.190123456789161722160编辑课件IPHostAddress: 172.16.2.121SubnetMask:255.255.255.0SubnetAddress=172.16.2.0HostAddresses=172.16.2.1–172.16.2.254BroadcastAddress=172.16.2.255EightbitsofsubnettingNetworkSubnetHost10101100000100000000001011111111172.16.2.121:255.255.255.0:1010110011111111Subnet:10101100000100000001000011111111000000100000001011111111011110010000000000000000B类地址子网规划Broadcast:Network编辑课件子网划分Othersubnets192.168.5.16192.168.5.32192.168.5.4820子网5主机/子网C类地址：192.168.5.0编辑课件11111000IPHostAddress: 192.168.5.121SubnetMask:255.255.255.248NetworkSubnetHost192.168.5.121:1100000011111111Subnet:110000001010100010101000111111110000010100000101111111110111100101111000255.255.255.248:C类地址子网规划SubnetAddress=192.168.5.120HostAddresses=192.168.5.121–192.168.5.126BroadcastAddress=192.168.5.127FiveBitsofSubnettingBroadcast:NetworkNetwork11000000101010000000010101111111编辑课件播送地址练习地址类别子网播送地址201.222.10.60255.255.255.248子网掩码15.16.193.6255.255.248.0128.16.32.13255.255.255.252153.50.6.27255.255.255.128编辑课件播送地址练习

〔答案〕153.50.6.127地址类别子网播送地址201.222.10.60255.255.255.248C201.222.10.63201.222.10.56子网掩码15.16.193.6255.255.248.0A15.16.199.25515.16.192.0128.16.32.13255.255.255.252B128.16.32.15128.16.32.12153.50.6.27255.255.255.128B153.50.6.0编辑课件配置交换机的管理性IP地址Switch(config)#ipaddressip-addresssubnet-mask〔1900〕Switch(config)#ipdefault-gatewayip-address指明缺省网关Switch(config)#intfacevlan1Switch(config-if)#ipaddressip-addresssubnet-maskCatalyst2900的配置Catalyst1900的配置编辑课件配置路由器的IP地址指明IP地址和子网掩码在路由器的端口配置模式下设置地址配置第二的地址Router(config-if)#ipaddressip-addresssubnet-maskSwitch(config)#intfaceehternet0Router(config-if)#ipaddressip-addresssubnet-masksecondary编辑课件利用IP地址静态映射主机地址通过IP地址和主机名称选择端口路由器的IP主机命名Router(config)#iphostname[tcp-port-number]

address[address]iphostNorine172.16.3.1192.168.3.1iphostRoger172.16.4.3编辑课件指明一个或多个名称效劳器来解析逻辑地址路由器名称效劳器的设置Router(config)#ipnam