78-318(洗涤器和刮水器)国外汽车行业标准莱茵技术 汽车行业标准

78/318/EECCONCERNINGTHEADOPTIONOFUNIFORMTECHNICALPRESCRIPTIONSFORWHEELEDVEHICLES,EQUIPMENTANDPARTSWHICHCANBEFITTEDAND/ORBEUSEDONWHEELEDVEHICLESANDTHECONDITIONSFORRECIPROCALRECOGNITIONOFAPPROVALSGRANTEDONTHEBASISOFTHESEPRESCRIPTIONS*/关于为轮式车辆、可安装和/或用于轮式车辆的装备和部件采用统一技术条件规定以及对等承认根据这些技术规定所作认证的条件∗/国家汽车质量监督检验中心莱茵技术（上海）有限公司北京办事处

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共72页第1页1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001本文件纯属文件编制工具，有关机构对其内容不承担任何责任。►B 1977年12月21委员会就各成员国有关汽车风窗除霜和除雾装置的相关法律发布的指令(78/318/EEC)(OJL81,28.3.1978,p.49)：公报 编号页码 日期►M11994年12月16日委员会指令94/68/ECL354119►A1有关捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚共和国、L236332003年塞浦路斯共和国、拉托维亚共和国、立陶宛共和国、匈牙利共和国、马耳他共和国、波兰共和国、斯洛文尼亚共和国和斯洛伐克共和国的准入条件法案以及对欧洲联盟的建立条约的调整►C1勘误表，OJL194,19.7.1978,p.30(78/318/EEC)共72页第2页▼BCOUNCILDIRECTIVEof21December1977ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothewiperandwashersystemsofmotorvehicles(78/318/EEC)THECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEANCOMMUNITIES,HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropeanEconomicCommunity,andinparticularArticle100thereof,HavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission,HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEuropeanParliament(1),HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEconomicandSocialCommittee(2),Whereasthetechnicalrequirementswhichmotorvehiclesmustsatisfypursuanttonationallawsrelateinteraliatotheirwipersandwashers;WhereasthoserequirementsdifferfromoneMemberStatetoanother;whereasitisthereforenecessarythatallMemberStatesadoptthesamerequirementseitherinadditiontoorinplaceoftheirexistingrules,inorder,inparticular,toallowtheEECtype-approvalprocedurewhichwasthesubjectofCouncilDirective70/156/EECof6February1970ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothetype-approvalofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailers(3),asamendedbyDirective78/315/EEC(4),tobeintroducedinrespectofeachtypeofvehicle;WhereasitisdesirabletodraftthetechnicalrequirementssothattheyhavethesameaimastheworkbeingcarriedoutonthesubjectintheUNEconomicCommissionforEurope;WhereastheserequirementsapplytomotorvehiclesincategoryM1(theinternationalclassificationofmotorvehiclesisgiveninAnnexItoDirective70/156/EEC);Whereastheapproximationofthenationallawsrelatingtomotorvehi¬clesentailsreciprocalrecognitionbyMemberStatesofthecheckscarriedoutbyeachofthemonthebasisofthecommonrequirements;（1） OJNoC118,16.5.1977,p.33.（2） OJNoC114,11.5.1977,p.8.（3） OJNoL42,23.2.1970,p.1.（4） Seepage1ofthisOfficialJournal.共72页第3页1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001▼B1977年12月21委员会就各成员国有关汽车风窗除霜和除雾装置的相关法律发布的指令(78/318/EEC)考虑到欧洲经济共同体成立时的条约，尤其是该条约第100条；考虑到委员会的提议；考虑到欧洲议会的意见(1)；考虑到经济和社会委员会的意见(2)；鉴于按照国家法律汽车必须满足的技术要求与风窗除霜和除雾装置有关,鉴于各成员国之间上述要求彼此不同；鉴于各成员国为此或者必需在其现有法规之外另外采用同样的要求，或者必需用同样的要求取代其现有法规，以达到使欧共体型式认证程序用于每种车型之特殊目的，该型式认证程序是1970年2月6日的委员会就各成员国有关汽车及汽车挂车型式认证的相关法律发布的委员会70/156/EEC号指令(3)的主题；由78/315/EEC(4)号指令进行增补。鉴于需要起草技术要求使之与欧盟经济委员会为欧洲就该课题进行的工作具有相同的目的;鉴于这些要求适用于M1类别中的汽车辆(在第70/156/EEC号指令的附件I中给出了汽车辆的国际分类);鉴于与汽车辆相关的国家相关法律要求各成员国相互承认根据统一要求进行的认证;(1)OJNo.C118,16.51997,p.33(2)OJNo.C114,11.5,1977,p.8(3)OJNo.L42,23.2.1970,p.1(4)参见该公报的第一页。共72页第4页▼BWhereaswindscreen-washersystemsarealreadymarketedbothseparatelyandafterbeingfittedtoavehicle;whereasifitispossibletocheckthembeforetheyarefittedtoavehicle,theirfreemovementmaybefacilitatedbytheintroductionofEECtype-approvalforsuchsystems,whichareregardedasseparatetechnicalunitswithinthemeaningofArticle9aofDirective70/156/EEC,HASADOPTEDTHISDIRECTIVE:Article1ForthepurposesofthisDirective,'vehicle'meansanymotorvehicleincategoryM1(►MlasdefinedinAnnexIIAtoDirective70/156/EEC)intendedforuseontheroad,havingatleastfourwheelsandamaximumdesignspeedexceeding25km/h.Article2NoMemberStatemayrefusetograntEECtype-approvalornationaltype-approvalofavehiclewithregardtothewindscreen-washerandwindscreen-wipersystems,orofawindscreen-washersystem,if:suchavehiclesatisfiestherequirementsof►MltherelevantAnnexesrelatingtothewindscreen-washerandwindscreen-wipersystems,suchawindscreen-washersystemregardedasaseparatetechnicalunit►MlwithinthemeaningofArticle2ofDirective70/156/EECsatisfiestherelevantrequirementslaiddowninAnnexI,suchavehicleisfittedwithawindscreen-washersystemwhichhasbeengrantedtype-approvalaaseparattechnicalunit►M1withinthemeaningofArticle2ofDirective70/156/EECandhasbeeninstalledinaccordancewiththerequirementslaiddownin6.2.5ofAnnexI.Article31. NoMemberStatemayrefuseorprohibitthesale,registration,entryintoserviceoruseofanyvehicleongroundsrelatingto:itswindscreen-wiperandwindscreen-washersystems,ifthesesatisfytherequirementslaiddownin►MltherelevantAnnexesitswindscreen-washersystemifthishasbeengrantedtype-approvalasaseparatetechnicalunit►MlwithinthemeaningofArticle2ofDirective70/156/EECandhasbeeninstalledinaccordancewiththerequirementslaiddownin6.2.5ofAnnexI.共72页第5页1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001▼B鉴于风挡玻璃洗涤器系统已经单独销售,或安装在车辆上销售,鉴于可以在安装之前进行认证,可通过引入欧洲经济共同体有关此类系统的型式认证促进其自由活动,在第70/156/EEC号指令的第9a条中其被视为独立的技术设备。鉴于以上各项，欧洲共同体委员会采纳了本指令：第1条在本指令中，‘车辆’是指在M1（在70/156/EEC号指令的附件2A中有规定）类别中拟在公路上使用的任何汽车辆，至少要有四个轮子，最大设计速度在25公里/小时以上。第2条在下列情况下，任何成员国都不得以风挡玻璃洗涤器和风挡玻璃风窗除霜系统为由拒绝提供欧洲共同体型式认证或国家型式认证：－该车辆符合与（M1）风挡玻璃洗涤器和风挡玻璃风窗除霜系统相关的附件之要求－在70/156/EEC号指令中被视为独立技术设备的风挡玻璃洗涤器系统（M1）符合附件I中的相关要求－该车辆安装了作为在70/156/EEC号指令第2条中被视为独立技术设备授予型式认证的风挡玻璃洗涤器系统（M1），并且安装符合附件I第6.2.5条的要求。第3条1.任何成员国都不得以下列事项为由拒绝或禁止任何车辆的销售或注册、投入运行或使用。-风挡玻璃风窗除霜和风挡玻璃洗涤器系统，如果其符合M1相关附件中的要求-风挡玻璃洗涤器系统，如果作为在70/156/EEC号指令第2条中被视为独立技术设备授予型式认证的风挡玻璃洗涤器系统（M1），并且安装符合附件I中的第6.2.5条的要求。共72页第6页2. NoMemberStatemayprohibittheplacingonthemarketofanywindscreen-washersystemregardedasaseparatetechnicalunit►M1withinthemeaningofArticle2ofDirective70/156/EECifitconformstoatypewhichhasbeengrantedtype-approvalwithinthemeaningofthesecondindentofArticle2.Article4TheMemberStatewhichhasgrantedtype-approvalshalltakethemeasuresrequiredtoensurethatitisinformedofanymodificationofapartorcharacteristicreferredtoin►Ml2.1ofAnnexI.ThecompetentauthoritiesofthatMemberArticle5Anyamendmentsnecessarytoadapttherequirementsof►MltheAnnexestotechnicalprogressshallbeadoptedinaccordancewiththeprocedurelaiddowninArticle13ofDirective70/156/EEC.However,thisprocedureshallnotapplytoamendmentsintroducingrequirementsforwiperandwashersystemsotherthanforthewindscreen.Article6MemberStatesshallbringintoforcetheprovisionsnecessaryinordertocomplywiththisDirectivewithin18monthsofitsnotificationandshallforthwithinformtheCommissionthereof.MemberStatesshallensurethatthetextsofthemainprovisionsofnationallawwhichtheyadoptinthefieldcoveredbythisDirectivearecommunicatedtotheCommission.Article7ThisDirectiveisaddressedtotheMemberStates.共72页第7页1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.0012.任何成员国都不得阻止把在70/156/EEC号指令第2条中被视为独立技术设备的风挡玻璃洗涤器系统投放市场，但前提是其符合在第2条第2款语义中被授予型式认证的型式。第4条对车型提供欧共体型式认证的成员国应设法得知是否对（M1）附件I的2.1项所述的车辆任何部件或性能做了改动。成员国的主管部门应确定是否有必要对改动了的车型重新进行试验和编写新的报告。如果有关试验表明车辆不符合本指令的要求，则不得对改动进行欧共体型式认证。第5条为适应技术进步，应按1第70/156/EEC号指令的第13条制定的规程对附件的有关要求进行必要的修正。但是，该规程不适用于对除风挡玻璃以外的其他风窗除霜和洗涤器系统要求的修正。第6条1.在接到通知后，成员国要在18个月内实施符合本指令要求的必要规定，并要将条款的内容立即通知本委员会。2.成员国要确保将在本指令管辖领域内所采纳的立法规定文本传达给本委员会。第7条本指令向各成员国转发。共72页第8页▼BLISTOFANNEXES▼M1AnnexI:►MlScope,definitions,applicationsforEECtype-approval,grantingofEECtype-approval,specifications,testprocedure,markings,amendmentstoapprovals,conformityofproduction►M1 AnnexII:ProcedurefordeterminingtheHpointandtheactualseat-backangleandforverifyingtherelativepositionsoftheRandHpointsandtherelationshipbetweenthedesignseat-backangleandtheactualseat-backangle►Ml AnnexIII:Methodfordeterminingthedimensionalrelationshipbetweenthevehicle'sprimaryreferencemarksandthethree-dimensionalreferencegrid►Ml AnnexIV:ProcedurefordeterminingvisionareasonthewindscreensofcategoryM1vehiclesinrelationtotheVpoints►M1 AnnexV:Test-mixturespecificationforwindscreen-wipersystemandwindscreen-washersystemtests►Ml AnnexVI:►MlInformationdocument(vehicle)AnnexVII:►MlInformationdocument(separatetechnicalunit)AnnexVIII:Type-approvalcertificate(Vehicle)AnnexIX:Type-approvalcertificate(Separatetechnicalunit)共72页第9页1978L附件列表附件1：►M1欧共体型式认证的范围，定义、申请，欧共体的生产型式认证、规范、测试程序，标记，批准修正，生产合格性附件2：确定H点和实际座椅靠背角度，验证R点和H点的相对位置和设计座椅靠背角度与实际座椅靠背角度之间关系的程序附件3：确定车辆主参考标记和三维参考网格之间空间关系的方法附件4：确定M1类别车辆相对于V点（M1）的风挡玻璃上的视野区域的程序附件5：风挡玻璃系统和风挡玻璃洗涤器系统测试的测试混合物规范附件6：M1信息文件（车辆）附件7：M1信息文件（单独的技术设备）▼M1附件8：型式认证证书（车辆）附件9：型式认证证书（单独的技术设备）共72页第10页▼BANNEXI▼M1SCOPE,DEFINITIONS,APPLICATIONFORTHEEECTYPE-APPROVAL,SPECIFICATIONS,TESTPROCEDURE,MARKINGS,AMENDMENTSTOAPPROVALS,CONFORMITYOFPRODUCTION▼B1. SCOPE1.1. ThisDirectiveappliestothe180_forwardfieldofvisionofthedriversofvehiclesincategoryM11.1.1Itspurposeistoensuregoodvisibilityunderadverseweatherconditionsbyspecifyingtherequirementsforthewindscreen-wiperandwindscreen-washersystemsofcategoryM1vehicles.1.1.2TherequirementsofthisDirectivearesowordedastoapplytocategoryM1vehiclesinwhichthedriverisontheleft.IncategoryM1vehiclesinwhichthedriverisontheright,theserequirementsshallbeappliedbyreversingthecriteriawhereappropriate.2. DEFINITIONS

▼M1▼5► M12.1.Vehicletypewithregardtoitswindscreen-wiperandwind-screen-washersystems'Vehicletypewithregardtoitswindscreen-wiperandwindscreen-washersystems'meansvehicleswhichdonotdifferinsuchessentialrespectsas:► M12.1.1.theexternalandinternalformsandarrangementswithintheareaspecifiedinSection1whichmayaffectvisibility;▼M12.1.2.theshapeanddimensionsofthewindscreenanditsmountingswherethesearelikelytoaffectthevisionareascoveredbyAnnexIV;▼B► M12.1.3.thecharacteristicsofthewindscreen-wiperandwindscreen-washersystems.► M12.2.Three-dimensionalreferencegrid'Three-dimensionalreferencegrid'meansareferencesystemwhichconsistsofaverticallongitudinalplaneX-Z,ahorizontalplaneX-YandaverticaltransverseplaneY-Z(seefigure2ofAnnexIII).Thegridisusedtodeterminethedimensionalrelationshipsbetweenthepositionsofdesignpointsondrawingsandtheirpositionontheactualvehicle.TheprocedureforsituatingthevehiclerelativetothegridisspecifiedinAnnexIII;allcoordinatesreferredtogroundzeroshallbebasedonavehicleinrunningorder(asdefinedin2.6ofAnnexItoDirective70/156/EEC)plusonefront-seatpassenger,themassofthepassengerbeing75kg+-1%.共72页第11页1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001附件1▼B▼M1欧共体型式认证的范围，定义、申请，欧共体的生产型式认证、规范、测试程序，标记，批准修正，生产合格性▼B1．适用范围1.1本指令适用于M1类车辆司机前方180度的视野范围。1.1.1.本指令的目的在于通过规定M1类车辆的风挡玻璃风窗除霜和除雾装置的要求，确保在恶劣天气情况下具有良好的能见度2.定义：▼M1▼5►M12.1与风挡玻璃风窗除霜和除雾装置相关的车辆型式。与风挡玻璃风窗除霜和除雾装置相关的车辆型式是在下列基本方面相同的车辆：►M12.1.1在第一节中规定的区域内可能影响能见度的外部和内部形式及布置。▼M12.1.2风挡玻璃的形状和尺寸及其安装位置都可能影响附件4涵盖的视野范围。▼B►M12.1.3风挡玻璃风窗除霜和除雾装置的特征►M12.2三维参考网格三维参考网格是指包含一个X-Z垂直纵切面，一个X-Y水平面和一个Y-Z垂直截面（参见附件3的表2）的参考系统。这一网格适用于决定图纸上的设计点与在实际车辆上的位置之间的空间关系。附件3规定了如何相对于网格定位车辆的程序，参考地面零点的所有坐标都应以处于工作状态的车辆（在70/156/EEC号指令附件I的第2.6条有相关定义）加上一位前排乘客为基础，乘客质量不得超过75公斤＋1％。共72页第12页► M12.2.1.Vehiclesfittedwithsuspensionenablingtheirgroundclearancetobeadjustedshallbetestedunderthenormalconditionsofusespecifiedbythemanufacturer.► M12.3Primaryreferencemarks'Primaryreferencemarks'meansholes,surfaces,marksandidentificationsignsonthevehiclebody.ThetypeofreferencemarkusedandthepositionofeachmarkrelativetoX,YandZcoordinatesofthethree-dimensionalreferencegridandtoadesigngroundplaneshallbespecifiedbythevehiclemanufacturer.Thesemarksmaybethecontrolpointsusedforbodyassemblypurposes.▼M1▼B► M12.4.Actual►Mltorsoangle(SeeAnnexII).▼B► M12.5.Design►Mltorsoangle(SeeAnnexII).► M12.6.Vpoints'Vpoints'meanspointswhosepositioninthepassengercompartmentisdeterminedbyverticallongitudinalplanespassingthroughthecentresoftheoutermostdesignatedseatingpositionsonthefrontseatandinrelationtotheRpointandthedesignangleoftheseatback,whichpointsareusedforverifyingcompliancewiththefieldofvisionrequirements(seeAnnexIV).► M12.7.Rpointorseatingreferencepoint(SeeAnnexII).► M12.8.Hpoint(SeeAnnexII).► M12.9.Windscreendatumpoints'Windscreendatumpoints'meanspointssituatedattheintersectionwiththewindscreenoflinesradiatingforwardfromtheVpointstotheoutersurfaceofthewindscreen.► M12.10Transparentareaofawindscreen'Transparentareaofawindscreen'meansthatareaofavehiclewindscreenorotherglazedsurfacewhoselighttransmittance,measuredatrightanglestothesurface,isnotlessthan70%.► M12.11Horizontalseat-adjustmentrange'Horizontalseat-adjustmentrange'meanstherangeofnormaldrivingpositionsdesignatedbythevehiclemanufacturerfortheadjustmentofthedriver'sseatinthedirectionoftheXaxis(see2.3).► M12.12.Extendedseat-adjustmentrange'Extendedseat-adjustmentrange'meanstherangedesignatedbythevehiclemanufacturerfortheadjustmentoftheseatinthedirectionoftheXaxis(see2.3)beyondtherangeofnormaldrivingpositionsspecifiedin2.13andusedforconvertingseatsintobedsorfacilitatingentryintothevehicle.共72页第13页1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001►M12.2.1安装了悬架使之能保证离地距离的车辆应在制造商指定的正常条件下进行测试。►M12.3主参考标记主参考标记是指车体上的孔，表面，标记和识别标记，所用参考标记类型以及每个符号相对于三维参考网格的X,Y,Z坐标和设计地平面的位置应由车辆制造厂规定。这些符号可以是用于车体组装目的的控制点。▼M1▼B►M12.4身体实际角度▼B►M12.5身体设计角度（参见附件2）►M12.6V点V点是其在车厢中的位置是由穿过前座上指定的最远就座位置中心的并相对于座椅靠背R点和设计角度的垂直纵切面确定的点，用于验证是否符合视野范围要求（参见附件4）►M12.7R点或就座参考点►M12.8H点（参见附件2）►M12.9风挡玻璃基准点风挡玻璃基准点是指与从V点向风挡玻璃外表面辐射的线条与风挡玻璃的交叉点处。►M12.10风挡玻璃的透明区域；风挡玻璃的透明区域是指车辆的风挡玻璃区域或在表面合适角度测量的透光系数不低于70%的其他抛光表面。►M12.11水平座位调节范围水平座位调节范围是指车辆生产商为沿X轴方向调节驾驶座位而指定的正常驾驶位置的范围（参见2.3）。►M12.12座位调节扩展范围座位调节扩展范围是指车辆生产商为沿X轴方向调节驾驶座位而指定的（参见2.3）超出在2.13中规定的正常驾驶范围并用于把座椅转换为床铺和方便进入车辆而规定的范围。共72页第14页► M12.13Windscreen-wipersystem'Windscreen-wipersystem'meansthesystemconsistingofadeviceforwipingtheouterfaceofthewindscreen,togetherwiththeaccessoriesandcontrolsnecessaryforstartingandstoppingthedevice.► M12.14.Windscreen-wiperfield'Windscreen-wiperfield'meanstheareaoftheouterfaceofawetwindscreenthatissweptbythewindscreenwiper.► M12.15.Windscreen-washersystem'Windscreen-washersystem'meansthesystemconsistingofadeviceforstoringafluidandapplyingittotheouterfaceofthewindscreen,togetherwiththecontrolsnecessaryforstartingandstoppingthedevice.► M12.16.Windscreen-washercontrol'Windscreen-washercontrol'meansadeviceoraccessoryforstartingandstoppingthewindscreen-washersystem.Startingandstoppingmaybecoordinatedwiththeoperationofthewindscreeenwiperorbetotallyindependentofit.► M12.17.Windscreen-washerpump'Windscreen-washerpump'meansadevicefortransferringthewindscreen-washerfluidfromthereservoirtotheouterfaceofthewindscreen.▼M12.18. Nozzle'Nozzle'meansadevicewhichservestodirectthewindscreen-washerfluidontothewindscreen.▼B►M12.19.Performanceofawindscreen-washersystem'Performanceofawindscreen-washersystem'meanstheabilityofawindscreen-washersystemtoapplyfluidtothetargetareaofthewindscreenwithoutleakageordisconnectionofatubeofthewashersystemoccurringwhenthesystemisusednormally.3. APPLICATIONSFOREECTYPE-APPROVAL3.1. ApplicationforEECtype-approvalforavehicletypeinrespectofitswindscreen-wiperandwindscreen-washersystems▼M1TheapplicationforEECtype-approvalpursuanttoArticle3(4)ofDirective70/156/EECofavehicletypewithregardtoitswindscreen-wiperandwindscreenwashersystemsshallbesubmittedby

themanufacturer.AmodelfortheinformationdocumentisgiveninAnnexVI.▼B►M13.1.3.vehiclerepresentativeofthevehicletypetobeapprovedmustbesubmittedtothetechnicalserviceconductingthetype-approvaltests.共72页第15页1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001►M12.13风挡玻璃风窗除霜系统风窗除霜系统是指由风挡玻璃外表面的刮水装置以及启动并停止该设备所需的附属和控制装置构成的系统。►M12.14风挡玻璃风窗除霜刮刷区域风挡玻璃风窗除霜刮刷区域是指风挡玻璃风窗除霜刮湿的外表面积。►M12.15风挡玻璃除雾装置风挡玻璃除雾装置是指由液体存储设备，风挡玻璃外表面喷射设备以及启动并停止该设备所需的控制装置构成的一个系统。►M12.16风挡玻璃洗涤控制风挡玻璃洗涤控制是指一个可以启动并停止风挡玻璃除雾装置的设备或附属装置。启动和停止可以与风挡玻璃风窗除霜协调进行，也可以完全独立进行。►M12.17风挡玻璃洗涤泵风挡玻璃洗涤泵是指将洗涤液从储存罐中引向风挡玻璃外表面的设备。▼M12.18喷嘴喷嘴是指可以把风挡玻璃洗涤液引向其外表面的装置。▼B►M12.19风挡玻璃除雾装置的性能风挡玻璃除雾装置的性能是指在正常使用条件下把洗涤液毫无渗漏地喷射到风挡玻璃目标区域，并且不造成除雾装置管路断开的能力。3.欧共体型式认证申请3.1申请与风挡玻璃风窗除霜和除雾装置有关的欧共体型式认证▼M13.1.1由生产商根据70/156/EEC号指令第3（4）条提交与风挡玻璃风窗除霜和除雾装置有关的欧共体型式认证申请。3.1.2附件6给出了信息文件范式。▼B►M13.1.3必须向负责型式认证试验的技术服务部门呈递对待认证车辆类型具有代表性的车辆。共72页第16页3.2. ApplicationforEECtype-approvalforatypeofwindscreen-washersystemasaseparatetechnicalunit▼M1TheapplicationforECtype-approvalpursuanttoArticle3(4)ofDirective70/156/EECforatypeofwindscreen-washersystemasaseparatetechnicalunitshallbesubmittedbythemanufacturer.AmodelfortheinformationdocumentisgiveninAnnexVII.3.2.3.Onespecimenofthetypeofsystemtobeapprovedshallbesubmittedtothetechnicalserviceconductingthetype-approvaltests.Thetechnicalservicemay,ifnecessary,requestafurtherspecimen.Thespecimensmustbearinaclearlylegibleandindeliblemannertheapplicant'stradenameormarkandanidentificationofthetype.4. GRANTINGOFEECTYPE-APPROVAL4.1. Iftherelevantrequirementsaresatisfied,EECtype-approvalpursuanttoArticle4(3)and4(4)ofDirective70/156/EECshallbegranted.4.2. AmodeloftheEECtype-approvalcertificateisgivenin:AnnexVIIIforapplicationsreferredtoin3.1;AnnexIXforapplicationsreferredtoin3.2.4.3. AnapprovalnumberinaccordancewithAnnexVIItoDirective70/156/EECshallbeassignedtoeachtypeofvehicleorwindscreenwashersystemapproved.ThesameMemberStateshallnotassignthesamenumbertoanothertypeofvehicleorwindscreenwasher▼B5.SPECIFICATIONS5.1. Windscreen-wipersystem5.1.1. Everyvehiclemustbeequippedwithatleastoneautomaticwind¬screen-wipersystem,i.e.asystemwhichwhenthevehicle'sengineisrunningisabletofunctionwithoutanyactionbythedriverotherthanthatneededforstartingandstoppingthewindscreenwiper.5.1.2. Thewindscreenwiperfieldmustcovernotlessthan80%ofvisionareaBasdefinedin2.3ofAnnexIV.5.1.2.1.Inadditionthewindscreenwiperfieldmustcovernotlessthan98%ofvisionareaAasdefinedin2.2ofAnnexIV.5.1.3. Thewindscreenwipermusthaveatleasttwosweepfrequencies:5.1.3.1. oneofnotlessthan45cycles/minute(acyclebeingtheforwardandreturnmovementofthewindscreenwiper);5.1.3.2. oneofnotlessthan10andnotmorethan55cycles/minute.5.1.3.3. Thedifferencebetweenthehighestandatleastoneofthelowersweepfrequenciesmustbeatleast15cycles/minute.共72页第17页1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.0013.2申请作为独立技术设备的风挡玻璃系统欧共体型式认证▼M13.2.1由生产商根据70/156/EEC号指令第3（4）条提交与作为独立技术设备的风挡玻璃风窗除霜和除雾装置有关的欧共体型式认证申请。3.2.2附件7给出了信息文件范式。3.2.3应向负责型式认证试验的技术服务部门呈递有待认证的系统的一份样品。技术服务部门在任何需要时可要求提交其他样本。样本必须清楚地做上永久性的制造商商名或标志或类型标号。4.授予欧共体型式认证4.1.如果满足了相关要求，要按第70/156/EEC号指令的第4条之(3)和第4条之(4)(在适用时)授予欧共体型式认证。4.2.在以下各项中给出了欧共体型式认证证书的范式：4.2.1.4.2.2.4.3.要按第70/156/EEC号指令的附件7对每类认证车辆或每类风挡玻璃系统进行认证编号。同一成员国不得对另一类车辆或另一类风挡玻璃洗涤器进行相同的编号。▼B5.规格5.1.风挡玻璃风窗除霜系统5.1.1每台车辆都必须安装至少一套自动风窗除霜系统，当车辆发动机运行时除了启动和停止风挡玻璃风窗除霜的所需的动作以外，传动装置不需要进行任何动作，该系统就能够工作。5.1.2.风挡玻璃风窗除霜的刮刷面积应不低于附件中4中2.3所定义的视野范围B的80%。5.1.2.1另外风挡玻璃风窗除霜的刮刷面积应不低于附件4中2.2所定义的视野范围A的98%。5.1.3风挡玻璃风窗除霜至少应具有两种刮刷频率：5.1.3.1.高频必须不小于45次/分钟(风窗除霜工作时刮片的一个往返运动为一次)5.1.3.2.低频不得小于10次/分钟，但不得高于55次/分钟5.1.3.3最高频和最低频之一之差不得小于15次/分钟,共72页第18页▼M15.1.4.thefrequenciesreferredtoinpoint5.1.3shallbeachievedassetoutinitems6.1.1to6.1.6and6.1.8.▼B▼M15.1.5. Intermittentoperationwindscreen-wipersystemsmaybeusedfopurposesofcomplyingwiththerequirementsof5.1.3,providedthatoneofthefrequenciescomplieswiththerequirementsof5.1.3.1andthatoneoftheotherfrequenciesobtainedwhenthemainfrequencyisinterruptedisnotlessthan10cycles/minute.5.1.6. Whenthewindscreen-wipersystemisstoppedbytheuseofthewindscreen-wipercontrol,thebladesmustreturnautomaticallytotheirpositionofrest.5.1.7. Thesystemshallbecapableofwithstandingstallingfor15seconds.Theuseofautomaticcircuitprotectiondevicesisallowed,providedthatforpossibleresettingnoactionisrequiredoncontrolsotherthanthewindscreen-wipercontrol.Thetestprocedureandconditionsaredescribedinitem6.1.7.▼B▼M15.1.8. Thewindscreenwiperfieldmustmeettheminimumrequirementsof5.1.2whenthewipersaretestedatasweepfrequencyconformingtotheprovisionsof5.1.3.2undertheconditionssetoutin6.1.10.5.1.9. Theaerodynamiceffectsassociatedwiththewindscreen'ssizeandshape,andtheefficiencyofthewindscreen-wipersystem,mustbedeterminedunderthefollowingconditions:5.1.9.1.Whensubjectedtoarelativeairspeedequalto80%ofthevehicle'smaximumspeed,butnotexceeding160km/h,thewindscreenwipersystems,operatingatmaximumfrequency,shallcontinuetosweepafieldasspecifiedinitem5.1.2.1withthesameefficiencyandunderthesameconditionsassetoutinitem6.1.10.2.▼B5.1.10. Thewiper-armmountingmustenablethewiperarmtobedisplacedfromitspositiononthewindscreensoastoallowthewindscreentobemanuallycleaned.►MlThisrequirementdoesnotapplytodeviceswhich,whenparked,areinanareaofthewindscreenwhichishiddenfromviewbypartsofthevehicle(suchasthebonnet,instrumentpanel,etc...).5.1.11. Thewindscreen-wipersystemmustbecapableofoperatingfortwominutesonadrywindscreenwiththeoutsidetemperatureat—18+-3‘cundertheconditionsspecifiedin6.1.11.共72页第19页1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.001▼M15.1.4应按6.1.1到6.1.6和6.1.8项的规定实现5.1.3项中提及的频率。▼B5.1.5为遵守5.1.3项之要求，可以采用间歇式操作风挡玻璃风窗除霜系统，但前提是有一个频率符合5.1.3.1的要求，在主频率被中断时获取的另一频率不应小于10次/分钟。5.1.6当采用风挡玻璃风窗除霜控制器停止风挡玻璃风窗除霜系统时，叶片必须自动返回到静止位置。▼M15.1.7系统应能够承受15秒钟的失速。允许采用自动回路保护设备，但前提是除风挡玻璃风窗除霜控制器之外其他任何控制器都不需要动作就可以进行重置。6.1.7描述了测试程序和条件。▼B5.1.8.风挡玻璃刮刷在采用符合5.1.3.2之条款的刮刷频率，在6.1.10规定的条件下进行测试时，其刮刷范围必须满足5.1.3.2中的最低要求。5.1.9必须在下列条件下确定与风挡玻璃的尺寸和形状相关的气动效应。▼M15.1.9.1当相对空气速度等于车辆最大速度的80％，但不超过160公里/小时时，以最大频率工作的风挡玻璃风窗除霜系统应继续以5.1.2.1项中规定的范围刮刷，采用第6.1.10.2项规定的效率和条件。▼B5.1.10刮水臂的安装应使其能够离开其在风挡玻璃上的位置，允许对风挡玻璃进行手动清洗。该项要求不适用于在归位时处于被车辆某些部件阻挡的风挡玻璃区域内的设备（例如机罩，仪表板等）。5.1.11风挡玻璃风窗除霜系统必须能够在车外温度达到－18＋3℃共72页第20页5.2. Windscreen-washersystem5.2.1.Everyvehiclemustbefittedwithawindscreen-washersystemwhichiscapableofwithstandingtheloadsproducedwhenthenozzlesarepluggedandthesystemisactuatedinaccordancewiththeproceduresetoutin6.2.1and6.2.2.▼M15.2.2.Theperformanceofthewindscreenwashersystemshallnotbeadverselyaffectedbyexposuretothetemperaturecycleslaiddowninpoints6.2.3and6.2.4.▼B5.2.3. Thewindscreen-washersystemmustbecapableofdeliveringsuffi¬cientliquidtoclear60%oftheareadefinedin2.2ofAnnexIVundertheconditionsdescribedin6.2.5ofthisAnnex.5.2.4. Thecapacityofthereservoircontainingtheliquidmustnotbelessthanonelitre.6.TESTPROCEDURE▼M1▼B6.1. Windscreen-wipersystem6.1.1. Thetestsdescribedbelowmustbecarriedoutunderthefollowingconditions,unlessotherwisespecified:6.1.2. theambienttemperaturemustnotbelessthan10’cormorethan40‘c;6.1.3. thewindscreenmustbekeptconstantlywet;6.1.4. inthecaseofanelectricwindscreen-wipersystemthefollowingadditionalconditionsmustbemet:6.1.4.1. thebatterymustbefullycharged;6.1.4.2. theenginemustberunningat30%ofthespeedatwhichitdevelopsmaximumpower;6.1.4.3. thedipped-beamheadlampsmustbeswitchedon;6.1.4.4. theheatingand/orventilationsystems,iffitted,mustbeoperatingatmaximumelectricalconsumption;6.1.4.5. thedefrostinganddemistingsystems,iffitted,mustbeoperatingatmaximumelectricalconsumption.6.1.5. Compressedairoperatedorvacuumoperatedwindscreen-wipersystemsmustbeabletofunctioncontinuouslyattheprescribedsweepfrequencieswhatevertheenginespeedorengineload.6.1.6. Thesweepfrequenciesofwindscreen-wipersystemsmustcomplywiththerequirementsof5.1.3afterapreliminaryoperatingtimeof20minutesonawetsurface.6.1.7. Therequirementsof5.1.7shallbesatisfiedwhenthewiperarmsarerestrainedintheirverticalpositionforaperiodof15secondswiththewindscreen-wipercontrolsetatthemaximumsweepfrequency.共72页第21页1978L0318_中文_01.05.2004_002.0015.2风挡玻璃洗涤器系统5.2.1每台车辆都必须安装能够承受当堵住喷嘴，系统根据6.2.1和6.2.2中规定的程序启动时产生的负荷的风挡玻璃洗涤器系统。▼M15.2.2风挡玻璃洗涤器系统的性能不能受到6.2.3和6.2.4中规定的温度周期的负面影响。▼B5.2.3风挡玻璃洗涤器必须能够在本附件6.2.5中规定的条件下提供能够清洁在附件4的2.2中规定的面积60％的足够液体。5.2.4液体罐的容量不能低于1升。6.检测程序6.1风挡玻璃风窗除霜系统6.1.1必须在下列条件下进行下面的测试（除非特殊规定）：6.1.2环境温度应在10～40摄氏度之间；6.1.3风窗玻璃应保持潮湿6.1.4电动风挡玻璃风窗除霜系统必须满足以下条件：6.1.4.1蓄电池必须是充满电的6.1.4.2发动机的转速必须接近最大功率转速的30％:6.1.4.3接通近光前照灯：6.1.4.4如果安装了暖风系统和/或通风系统，必须在最高耗电状态下工作;6.1.4.5如果安装了除霜除雾系统，必须在最高耗电状态下工作;6.1.5压缩空气或真空操作的风挡玻璃风窗除霜6.1.6在湿表面上初始工作20分钟后，风挡玻璃风窗除霜系统的刮刷频率必须满足5.1.3中的要求。6.1.7当风窗除霜摇臂在垂直位置停留15秒钟，并且风挡玻璃刮水控制器被设置在最大刮刷频率时，应满足5.1.7中的要求。共72页第22页6.1.8. Theouterfaceofthewindscreenshallbethoroughlydegreasedbymeansofmethylatedspiritoranequivalentdegreasingagent.Afterdrying,asolutionofammoniaofnotlessthan3%andnotmorethan10%shallbeapplied.Thesurfacesha