天津市-2012年-高考英语真题(附答案)-历年历届试题(解析)

./20XX普通高等学校招生全国统一考试〔卷英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷〔选择题和第Ⅱ卷〔非选择题两部分,共130分,考试时间100分钟,第Ⅰ卷1页至10页,第Ⅱ卷11页至12页。第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1、每小题选出答案后,用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。2、本卷共55小题,共95分第一部分：英语知识运用〔共两节,满分45分第一节：单项填空〔共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。CanIhaveadayofftomorrow,Mr.Johnson?__________.Icanmanagewithoutyou.Forgetit B.I’mafraidnot C.Itdepends D.OfcourseThelettersfortheboss___________onhisdeskbuthedidn’treadthemuntilthreelater.wereput B.wasput C.put D.hasputYouwereworkingtoohard.You’dbetterkeepa________betweenworkandmise B.lead C.balance D.diaryThedogmaybeagoodcompanionfortheold._______,theneedtotakeitforwalk smaybeadisadvantage.Besides. B.However C.Therefore D.Instead.Youhavetobelieveinyourself.Nooneelsewill,ifyoudon’t.__________.Confidenceisreallyimportant.It’snotmycupoftea B.That’snotthepoint C.Idon’tthinkso D.Icouldn’tagreemoreOnlyafterMaryreadhercompositionthesecondtime_________thespellingmistake.didshenotice B.shenoticed C.doesshenotice D.shehasnoticedIwishtothankProfessorSmith,without_______helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.who B.whose C.whom D.whichIt’squitewarmhere;we__________turntheheatingonyet.couldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’tItdoesn’tmatter_________youturnrightorleftatthecrossingbothroadsleadtothepark.whether B.how C.if D.whenThesecretaryarrangeda<n>___________timeandspacefortheapplicantstohaveaninterview.A.important B.spare C.public D.convenient11.Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,_________thebreakfastuntouched. A.left B.toleave C.leaving D.havingleft12.Thethreeofus___________aroundEuropeforaboutamonthlastsummer. A.travelled B.havetravelled C.hadtravelled D.travel13.Parentsandchildrenshouldcommunicatemoreto________thegapbetweenthemsothattheycanunderstand eachotherbetter.open B.narrow C.widen D.leave14.Everythingwasplacedexactly___________hewanteditforthegraduationceremony. A.while B.when C.where D.though15.Wewouldn’thavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold__________usaridehome. A.didn’toffer B.wouldn’toffer C.hasn’toffered D.hadn’toffered第二节：完形填空〔共20小题：每小题1.5分,满分30分阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16～35各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。IfellinlovewithYosemiteNationalParkthefirsttimeIsawit,whenIwas13.Myparentstookusthereforcamping.Onthewayout,IaskedthemtowaitwhileIranuptoE1Capitan,a___16___rockof3,300feetstraightup.Itouchedthatgiantrockandknew___17___Iwantedtoclimbit.Thathasbeenmylife’spassion<钟爱>eversince___18___therocksandmountainsofYosemite.I’velongmadeYosemitemy___19___About15yearsagoIstartedseeingalotof___20___,liketoiletpaper,beercans,andemptyboxes,aroundthearea.It’s___21___mewhyvisitorsstartedrespectingtheplace___22___andtreatedsuchabeautifulhome-likeplacethisway.Itried___23___trash<垃圾>myself,butthejobwastoobig.Iwould___24___anhourortwoonthejob,onlytofindtheareatrashedalloveragainweekslater.Finally,Igotso___25__itthatIdecidedsomethinghadtochange.Asarock-climbingguide,Iknew___26___aboutorganizinganybigevent.Butin2004,togetherwithsomeclimbers,Isetadatefora___27___.Onthatday,morethan300people___28___.Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrash.Itwasamazinghowmuchwewereableto___29___.Icouldn’tbelievethe___30___wemadetheparklookedclean!Eachyearvolunteerscomeforthecleanupfromeverywhere.In2007alone,2,945peoplepickedup42,330poundsoftrashand___31___132milesofroadway.Ioftenhearpeople___32___abouttheirsurroundings.Ifyouareoneofthem,Iwouldsaytheonlywaytochangethingsisby___33___ratherthancomplaining.Weneedtoteachby___34___.Youcan’tblameothers___35___youstartwithyourself.16.A.distant B.huge C.narrow D.loose17.A.immediately B.finally C.gradually D.recently18.A.imagining B.painting C.describing D.climbing19.A.garden B.home C.lab D.palace20.A.material B.resources C.waste D.goods21.A.beyond B.against C.over D.within22.A.more B.most C.less D.least23.A.throwingaway B.pickingup C.breakingdown D.diggingout24.A.kill B.save C.wait D.spend25.A.satisfiedwith B.delightedin C.tiredof D.usedto26.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing27.A.cleanup B.party C.picnic D.concert28.A.droppedout B.showedup C.lookedaround D.calledback29.A.demand B.receive C.accomplish D.overcome30.A.plan B.visit C.contact D.difference31.A.crossed B.measured C.covered D.designed32.A.talk B.complain C.argue D.quarrel33.A.doing B.thinking C.questioning D.watching34.A.method B.explanation C.example D.research35.A.although B.if C.when D.useless第二部分：阅读理解〔共20小题；每小题2.5分,满分50分阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ABicycleSafetyOperationAlwaysrideyourbikeinasafe,controlledmanneroncampus<校园>.Obeyrulesandregulations.Watchoutforwalkersandotherbicyclists,andalwaysuseyourlightsindarkconditions.TheftPreventionAlwayssecurelylockyourbicycletoabicyclerackevenifyouareonlyawayforaminute.RegisteryourbikewiththeUniversityDepartmentofPublicSafety.It’sfast,easy,andfree.Registrationpermanentlyrecordsyourserialnumber,whichisusefulinthepossiblerecoveryofthebikestolen.EquipmentBrakesMakesurethattheyareingoodworkingorderandadjustedproperly.HelmetAnecessity,makesureyourhelmetmeetscurrentsafetystandardsandfitproperly.LightsAlwayshaveafrontheadlightvisibleatleast500feetinfrontofthebike.Ataillightisagoodidea.RulesoftheRoadRidingonCampusAsabicyclerider,youhavearesponsibilitytorideonlyonstreetsandpostedbicyclepaths.Ridingonsidewalksorotherwalkwayscanleadtoafine.Thespeedlimitforbicyclesoncampusis15mph,unlessotherwiseposted.Alwaysgivetherightofwaystowalkers.Ifyouareinvolvedinanaccident,youarerequiredtoofferappropriateaid,calltheDepartmentofPublicSafetyandremainatthesceneuntiltheofficerletsyougo.BicycleParkingOnlyparkinareasreservedforbikes.Trees,handrails,hallways,andsignpostsarenotforbicycleparking,andparkinginsuchpostscanresultinafine.IfThingsGoWrongIfyoubreaktherules,youwillbefined.Besidesviolatingruleswhileridingbicyclesoncampus,youcouldbefinedfor:Nobicycleregistration$25Bicycleparkingbanned$30Blockingpathwithbicycle$40Violationofbicycleequipmentrequirement$3536.Registrationofyourbicyclemayhelpyou_____________.A.findyourstolenbicycle B.getyourserialnumberC.receivefreerepairservices D.settleconflictswithwalkers37.Accordingtothepassage,whatbikeequipmentisafreechoiceforbicycleriders? A.Brakes. B.Ahelmet. C.Aheadlight. D.Ataillight.38.Whenyourideabicycleonthecampus,___________. A.rideonpostedbicyclepathsandsidewalks B.cycleataspeedofover15mph C.putthewalkers’rightofwayfirst D.callthepolicebeforeleavinginacaseofaccident39.Ifyoulockyourbicycletoatreeonthecampus,youcouldbefined_________. A.$25 B.$30 C.$35 D.$4040.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout? A.Aguideforsafebicyclingoncampus.B.Directionsforbicycletouroncampus. C.Regulationsofbicycleraceoncampus.D.Rulesforridingmotorvehiclesoncampus.BBarditchHighSchooldecidedtoanAll-SchoolReunion.Over450peoplecametotheevent.ThereweretoursoftheoldschoolbuildingandapicnicatConfederatePark.Severalformerteacherswereonhandstotellstoriesabouttheolddays.Ms.MabelYates,theSomeeyesrolledandtherewereafewlowgroans<嘟囔声>whenMs.Yateswasabouttospeak.Manystartedlookingattheirwatchesandcomingupwithexcusestobeanywhereinsteadofpreparingtolistentoalecturefromandoldwomanwhohadfewkindwordsforherstudentsandmadethemworkharderthanalltheotherteacherscombined.ThenMs.Yatesstartedtospeak:"Ican’ttellyouhowpleasedIamtobehere.Ihaven’tseenmanyofyousinceyourgraduation,butIhavefollowedyourcareersandenjoyedyourvictoriesaswellascryingforyourtragedies.Ihavealargecollectionofnewspaperphotographsofmystudents.AlthoughIhaven’tappearedinperson,Ihaveattendedyourcollegegraduations,weddingsandeventhebirthyourchildren,inmyimagination."Ms.Yatespausedandstartedcryingabit.Thenshecontinued:"ItwasmybeliefthatifIpushedyouashardasIcould,someofyouwouldsucceedtopleasemeandotherswouldsucceedtoannoyme.Regardlessofourmotives,Icanseethatyouhaveallbeensuccessfulinyouchosenpath.""Thereisnogreatercomfortforaneducatorthantoseetheendresultofhisorheryearsofwork.YouhaveallbeenagreatsourceofpleasureandprideformeandIwantyoutoknowIloveyouallfromthebottomofmyheart."Therewasasilenceoverthecrowdforafewsecondsandthensomeonestartedclapping.Teeclappingturnedintocheering,thenintoadeafeningroar<呼喊>.Lawyers,truckdrivers,bankersandmodelswererubbingtheireyesorcryingopenlywithnoshameallbecauseofthewordsfromalongforgottenEnglishteacherfromtheirhometown.41.Whatactivitywasorganizedfortheschoolreunion? A.Sightseeinginthepark. B.Apicnicontheschoolplayground. C.Tellingstoriesaboutpastevents. D.Graduates’reportsintheoldbuilding.42.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2? A.SomegraduatesweretoobusytolistentoMs.Yates’speech. B.ManygraduatesdislikedMs.Yates’waysofteaching. C.Somepeoplegottiredfromthereunionactivities. D.Mostpeoplehadlittleinterestinthereunion.43.WecanlearnfromMs.Yates’speechthatshe_____________. A.kepttrackofherstudents’progress B.gaveherstudentsadviceontheircareers C.attendedherstudents’collegegraduationsD.wenttoherstudents’weddingceremonies44.WhatwasMs.Yates’beliefinteachingteenagers? A.Teachers’knowledgeisthekeytostudents’achievements. B.Pressureonstudentsfromteachersshouldbereduced. C.Hard-pushedstudentsaremorelikelytosucceed. D.Students’respectisthebestrewardforteachers.45.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMs.Yates? A.Reliableanddevoted. B.Toughandgenerous. C.Proudbutpatient. D.Strictbutcaring.CThepracticeofstudentsendlesslycopyinglettersandsentencesfromablackboardisathingofthepast.Withthecomingofnewtechnologieslikecomputersandsmartphone,writingbyhandhasbecomesomethingofnostalgic<怀旧的>skill.However,whiletoday’seducatorsareusingmoreandmoretechnologyintheirteaching,manybelievebasichandwritingskillsarestillnecessaryforstudentstobesuccessfulbothinschoolandinlife.VirginiaBerninger,professorofeducationalpsychologyattheUniversityofWashington,saysitBerningerandhercolleaguesconductedastudythatlookedattheabilityofstudentstocompletevariouswritingtasksbothonacomputerandbyhand.Thestudy,publishedin2009,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participantswrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysinastudent’swritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtoknowwelltheycanwrite."Spellingmakessomeofthethinkingpartsofthebrainactivewhichhelpsusaccessourvocabulary,wordmeaningandconcepts.Itisallowingourwrittenlanguagetoconnectwithideas."Berningersaid.Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthentotranscribe<转换>"thosewordsinthemindwrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboardandscreen,"thestudysaid.Seeingthewordsinthe"mind’seye"helpschildrennotonlytoturntheirideasintowords,saysBerninger,butalsotospot<发现>spellingmistakeswhentheywritethewordsdownandtocorrectthenovertime."Inourcomputerage,somepeoplebelievethatwedon’thavetoteachspellingbecausewehavespellchecks,"shesaid."Butuntilachildhasafunctionalspellingabilityofaboutafifthgradelevel,theywon’thavetheknowledgetochoosethecorrectspellingamongtheoptionsgivenbythecomputer."46.Whatmakeswritingbyhandathingofthepast? A.Theabsenceofblackboardinclassroom. B.Theuseofnewtechnologiesinteaching. C.Thelackofpracticeinhandwriting. D.Thepopularuseofsmartphones.47.Berninger’sstudypublishedin2009___________. A.focusedonthedifferencebetweenwritingbyhandandonacomputer. B.indicatedthatstudentsprefertowritewithapenandpaper. C.foundthatgoodessaysaremadeupoflongsentences. D.discussedtheimportanceofwritingspeed.48.Whichofthefollowingbestshowstheroleofspelling? A.Spellingimprovesone’smemoryofwords. B.Spellingabilityiscloselyrelatedtowritingability. C.Spellingbenefitsthetranslationfromwordsintoideas. D.Spellingslowsdownfindingexactwordstoexpressideas.49.Whatdoes"mind’seye"inparagraph5mean? A.Window. B.Soul C.Picture. D.Imagination.50.Whatconclusioncouldbedrawnfromthepassage? A.Computerscanhelppeoplewiththeirchoiceofwords. B.Spellcheckscantaketheplaceofspellingteaching. C.Handwritingstillhasaplaceintoday’sclassrooms. D.Functionalspellingabilitydevelopsfastinthefifthgrade.DYouaregivenmanyopportunitiesinlifetochoosetobeavictimorcreator.Whenyouchoosetobeavictim,theworldisacoldanddifficultplace."They"didthingstoyouwhichcausedallofyourpainandsuffering."They"arewrongandbad,andlifeisterribleaslongas"they"arearound.Oryoumayblameyourselfforallyourproblems,thusinternalizing<化>yourvictimization.Thetruthis,yourlifeislikelytostaythatwayaslongasyoufeelaneedtoblameyourselforothers.Thosewhochoosetobecreatorslookatlifequitedifferently.Theyknowthereareindividualswhomightliketocontroltheirlives,buttheydon’tletthisgetintheway.Theyknowtheyhavetheirweaknesses,yettheydon’tblamethemselveswhentheyfail.Whateverhappens,theyhavechoiceinthematter.Theybelievetheirdancewitheachsacred<神圣的>momentoflifeisagiftandthatstormsareanaturalpartoflifewhichcanbringtherainneededforemotionalandspiritualgrowth.Victimsandcreatorsliveinthesamephysicalworldanddealwithmanyofthesamephysicalrealities,yettheirexperienceoflifeisworldsapart.Victimsrelish<沉溺>inanger,guilt,andotheremotionsthatcauseothersandeventhemselvestofeellikevictims,too.Creatorsconsciouslychooselove,inspiration,andotherqualitieswhichinspirenotonlythemselves,butallaroundthem.Bothvictimsandcreatorsalwayshavechoicetodeterminethedirectionoftheirlives.Inreality,allofusplaythevictimorthecreatoratvariouspointsinourlives.Oneperson,onlosingajoboraspecialrelationship,mayfeelasifitistheendoftheworldandsinkintoterriblesufferingformonths,years,orevenalifetime.Anotherwiththesameexperiencemaychoosetofirstexperiencethegrief,thenacceptthelossandsoonmoveontobeapowerfulcreativeforceinhislife.Ineverymomentandeverycircumstance,youcanchoosetohavefuller,richerlifebysettingaclearintentiontotransformthevictimwithin,andbyinvitingintoyourlifethepowerfulcreatorthatyouare.51.Whatdoestheword"they"inParagraph1probablyreferto? A.Peopleandthingsaroundyou. B.Opportunitiesandproblems. C.Creatorsandtheirchoices. D.Victimsandtheirsufferings.52.AccordingtoParagraph2,creators__________. A.seemwillingtoexperiencefailuresinlife B.possesstheabilitytopredictfuturelife C.handleupsanddownsoflifewisely D.havepotentialtocreatesomethingnew53.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3? A.Creatorsandvictimsfacequitedifferentthingsinlife. B.Creatorsandvictimsaremastersoftheirlives. C.Victimscaninfluencemorepeoplethancreators. D.Comparedwithvictims,creatorsaremoreemotional.54.TheexamplesmentionedinParagraph4showthat_______________. A.strongattachmenttosufferingsinlifepullspeopleintovictims. B.peopleneedfamilysupporttodealwithchallengersinlife. C.ittakescreatorsquitealongtimetogetridoftheirpains. D.one’sexperiencesdeterminehisattitudetowardlife.55.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage? A.Todefinevictimsandcreators. B.Toevaluatevictimsagainstcreators. C.Toexplaintherelationshipbetweenvictimsandcreators. D.Tosuggestthetransformationfromvictimstocreators.20XX普通高等学校招生全国统一考试〔卷绝密绝密★使用前第Ⅱ卷注意事项：1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。2.本卷共6小题,共35分。第三部分：写作第一节：阅读表达〔共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分阅读短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Bornin1949,DianaNyadtookanearlyinterestinswimmingasasportandwasaFloridaStateHighSchoolswimmingchampion.Likemanyyoungathletes,shehadOlympicdreams,butaseriousillnesskeptherfromcompetingintheGames.Thedisappointmentdidn’tstopherfromgoingforward.Instead,shebecameinterestedinmarathonswimming.Abrilliantathlete,shewaswell-conditionedforspendinglongperiodsoftimeinthewater.Asalong-distanceswimmer,shewouldcompeteagainstherselfandtheFortenyearsNyaddevotedherselftobecomingoneoftheworld’sbestlong-distanceswimmers.In1970,sheswamaten-milemarathoninLakeOntario,settingthewomen’srecordforthecourse.In1972shesetanotherrecordbyswimming102.5milesfromanislandintheBahamastothecoastofFlorida.ThenshebrokeathirdrecordwhenswimmingaroundManhattanNyadattemptedtoswimthedistancebetweenFloridaandCubain1978.Thoughthespanofwaterislessthan100mileswide,itisroughanddangerous.Afterbattlingthewaterfortwodays,shehadtogiveforthesakeofherownhealthandsafety.Evenso,sheimpressedtheworldwithhercourageandstrongdesiretosucceed.ForNyadherstrengthofpurposewasjustasimportantasreadingCuba.Thatishowshedefinedsuccess.Itdidnotmatterthatherswimcameupshort;shebelievedshehadtouchedtheothershore.WhenNyadendedhercareerasaswimmer,shecontinuedtotrynewthingstravellingtheworldasareporter,writingbooksandgivingpublicspeechesaboutherlife.DianaNyadworkstoinspireothers,justasshedidwhensheswamthewatersoftheworld.56.WhatpreventedNyadfromtakingpartintheOlympicGames?<Nomorethan5words>__________________________________________________________________________57.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"obstacles"mean?<1word>___________________________________________________________________________58.WhatachievementdidNyadmakein1970?<Nomorethan10words.>________________________________________________________________________________59.WhydidNyadbelievethatshehadtouchedtheothershore?<Nomorethan10words>_________