高二英语教师用书：ModuleSectionⅢGrammar复习动词形式含解析

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精复习动词形式语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟1。Idon'twanttoboardasinkingship.2.Whenheheardthat，thefrightenedmanonthefloorstartedcrying。3.ButIpersuadedhimtohelpme,andwefoundthemen'sboattiedtotheothersideofthesteamboat。4。Westayedinsidetheshelterwehadbuiltandlettheraftsaildowntheriver.5.Weclimbedquietlyinandaswepaddledawayweheardthetwomenshouting.6.ButalthoughIwasfrightened，Ialsofeltverycurious，soIputmyheadroundthedoor.1.句1用动词不定式作宾语。2。句2用过去分词作前置定语，动词。ing形式作宾语。3.句3和句4都用了动词不定式作宾补，但句4的不定式省略了to。4.句5用了动词.ing形式作宾补.5。句6用了过去分词作表语，另一个黑体词felt为系动词，两个黑体词都构成了系表结构。Ⅰ。非谓语动词一、动词不定式和动词。ing形式作宾语1．常跟不定式作宾语的动词有：afford，hope，wish，decide,offer,plan,learn，pretend,refuse，manage，help，agree，promise,prefer等。ShepretendednottoseemewhenIcamein。当我进来时，她假装没有看见我。2．常跟动词。ing形式作宾语的有admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，escape，excuse，imagine，mind,risk,suggest，beusedto,giveup,feellike，lookforwardto，getdownto等。Thedoctorsuggestedhimgivingupsmoking.医生建议他戒烟.[名师点津]不定式或动词。ing形式作某些动词的宾语时，如果其后跟宾语补足语,这时常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式或动词­ing形式后置.Theteacherfounditdifficulttobanstudentsfromcarryingmobilephones。老师发现禁止学生带手机很难。Hefeelsitnousetellingheraboutit。他觉得告诉她这件事是徒劳无益的.3．有些动词(短语）后既可接不定式作宾语，也可接动词。ing形式作宾语，但在意义上有很大差异。eq\b\lc\{\rc\（\a\vs4\al\co1(forgettodosth.忘记去做某事未做,forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事已做））eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(remembertodosth.记得去做某事未做，rememberdoingsth。记得做过某事已做））eq\b\lc\｛\rc\（\a\vs4\al\co1(trytodosth。尽力去做某事，trydoingsth.试着做某事））eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1（regrettodosth。对即将做的事感到遗憾未做，regretdoingsth。对做过的事感到后悔已做））eq\b\lc\{\rc\（\a\vs4\al\co1(stoptodosth。停下来去做另一件事,此处不定式作目的状语，stopdoingsth。停止做某事））eq\b\lc\｛\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(meantodosth.打算做某事,meandoingsth.意味着做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1（goontodosth。继续做另一件事,goondoingsth。继续做同一件事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\（\a\vs4\al\co1（can'thelptodosth.不能帮助做某事,can'thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事)）Whatapoormemory！Iforgotborrowingmoneyfromhimyesterday.ButtodayIforgottoreturnthemoneytohim.多么差的记忆力！昨天我忘了向他借过钱，但今天我又忘了把钱还给他。—Thatwouldmeanwastingalotoflabor。那将意味着浪费很多劳动力。—Really?Idon’tmeantowasteanylabor。真的吗?我不打算浪费劳动力.［即时训练1]用所给词的适当形式填空①Alicesuggestedtaking（take)aphototogetherwiththebeautifulflowers。②Goontodo(do)theotherexercisesafteryouhavefinishedthisone。③Thegrasshasgrownsotallthatitneedscutting/tobecut（cut）．④Ienjoydoing(do）morningexercises，thoughitmeansgetting(get）upearly.⑤Hecouldn’taffordtobuy(buy）ahousesohedecidedtorent(rent）one.二、动词不定式和动词。ing形式作宾补1．常跟不定式作宾补的动词有:advise，allow,ask，cause,encourage，expect,forbid,force，invite，permit，persuade，tell,want，warn，wish等。Theteacherencouragedustowriteacompositioneveryweek.老师鼓励我们每周写一篇作文。2．感官动词和使役动词后面作宾补的不定式不带to,但变为被动语态，作主补的不定式需带to.常见的词有：一感觉：feel；二听:listento,hear;三使：let,have，make；五看：lookat；see,watch，notice,observe等。另外，help后作宾补的不定式符号to可有可无.Whatmadeyouchangeyourmind？什么使你改变了主意？Weoftenhearhimplaytheviolinathome。＝Heisoftenheardtoplaytheviolinathome。我们经常听到他在家里拉小提琴。3．后接v.­ing形式作宾语补足语的动词：感官动词(see，hear，watch，notice，listento，lookat),find，get，keep，leave,catch,have等。Theysawthewaterrunningdownfromthehighmountain.他们看到水从高山上流下来.Theyhadthelightburningallnightlong.他们整夜亮着灯。［名师点津］感官动词后接不定式和v。。ing形式作宾补的区别：用v..ing形式作宾补时表示其动作正在进行；用不定式作宾补时表示动作已发生了，即动作全过程结束了。IheardhersinganEnglishsong.刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday。昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱英文歌。［即时训练2]用所给词的适当形式填空①I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting(wait）forsuchalongtime.②Ifinallypersuadedmymothertogive（give)memorefreedomonweekends.③Don’tforgettohaveHenrycome（come）tonight，becausethemeetingisextremelyimportant。④Iheldthelittlebirdinmyhandandfeltitsheartbeating（beat）．⑤Theoldmanwasoftenseentostand(stand)atthedoorofhishouse.三、v。.ing形式和v。。ed形式作定语、表语1．v。。ing形式作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,表示动作的主动和进行；而v.。ed形式作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示动作的被动和完成。Doyouknowthegirldancingwithyourbrother？你认识正和你哥哥跳舞的那个女孩子吗？Heisateacherrespectedbyallhisstudents.他是一位受他的学生尊敬的老师.2．v.。ing形式作表语表示主语的性质.常被译为“令人……的”；而v。­ed形式作表语表示主语所处的状态或主语的感受。常被译为“感到……的”。Theboywasdisappointing.Hisparentsfeltdisappointed。这个孩子令人失望，他的父母感到很失望.[即时训练3］用所给词的适当形式填空①Haveyoueverreadanybookswritten（write)bythefamouswomanwriter?②Theboywasdisappointing（disappoint）．Heisalwaysmakingtroubleinclass.③Weshouldthinkofawaytomakehimbecomeinterested(interest)inourplan。④Thestonebridge,built(build）fiftyyearsago，isstillingoodconditionnow。⑤Whentheysawthemoving(move)film，excited(excite）tearscameouttheireyes。Ⅱ.系动词系动词亦称连系动词（LinkVerb），本身有词义,但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成复合谓语。系动词主要分为以下六类:1．状态系动词：用来表示主语的状态,也叫be动词。IamastudentofGrade3。我是一名三年级的学生。2．持续系动词：用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep，rest，remain，stay，lie，stand等.Healwayskeptsilentatmeetings.他开会时总保持沉默。3．表象系动词：用来表示“看起来”这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look等。Helookstired.他看起来很累。4．感官系动词：感官系动词主要有feel，smell，sound，taste等。Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.这种布手感很软.5．变化系动词：这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，主要有become，grow，turn，fall，get，go，come，run等。Theweatherhasturnedcoldandwindy。天气变得寒冷多风。6．终止系动词：表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove，turnout等,表示“证明，证实”之意。Hisplanproved（tobe)practical.他的计划被证明是符合实际的。[名师点津］系动词（be除外)一般都需要跟形容词而非副词作表语；系动词一般没有被动语态。［即时训练4］完成句子①当他发现一些事情出错时，他看起来很担心.Whenhefoundsomethingwentwrong，helookedveryworried.②那个水果很不好吃，但是那个饥饿的孩子看起来好像吃得津津有味。Thefruittastedterrible，butthehungryboyseemed/appearedasifhewasenjoyingit.Ⅰ。单句语法填空1．Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedmetostay(stay）andwatch。2.ButSarah，whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels，wantstoprove（prove）thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.3．Iregrettedtotell(tell)himthathehadbeenlaidoff。Tomysurprise，hesaidtome，“Iamnotsad.Ionlyregrettaking（take）upthewrongjob."4．Yourhairissolongthatitneedscutting/tobecut(cut)．5．Theywon’tallowusing(use)mobilephonesinclass.6．Hethinksitnousearguing(argue)withTom,becausehewillneverchangehismind。7．Ihuggedtheshylittleboyandfelthisheartbeating（beat)．8．Whydoyouhavethewaterrunning(run）allthetime？9．Isthereanythingyouwantfromtown？I’mgoingtogetmysontodrive（drive）methere。Ⅱ。单句改错（每小题仅有1处错误）1．Thefrighteningchildrenwerecallingfortheirmothers.frightening→frightened2．Marycouldn’tspeakChinese，butIma