2021-2022学年江西省抚州市临川二中高二（下）第一次月考英语试卷（附答案详解）

2021-2022学年江西省抚州市临川二中高二（下）第一次

月考英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Areyoucrazyaboutsomethingcoolanddelicious?Whynotreachforoneofthefrozenteats

aroundtheworld?

Parfai

AfavoriteinFranceistheparfait,whichmeans“perfect”.Thispartlyfrozendessertismade

witheggyolks,sugar,whippedcreamandoftenflavoredsyrup（糖浆）.Itisthenservedinatil

glassusuallywithicecreamandfruitinlayers.

Turkishmasticicecream（dondurma）

Likeotherkindsoficecream,dondurmaismadewithmilkandsugar.Thickeningagentsand

flourarealsoadded.Theseingredientsmakethedessertsochewythatit'susuallyeatenwitha

knifeandfork!

Mangoshavedice

Whenmangoesareinseason,ifstimeforasummerfavorite：mangoshavedice.Forthis

delicioustreat,shavediceiscoveredwithfreshmangocubesandmilk.Someshopstopitoff

withascoopoficecream.

Italiangelato

Manypeopleconsidergelatothebesticecreamintheworld.It'smadewithalowerpercentage

offatthanregularicecreamandchurned（搅拌）moreslowly.Thisproduceslessairandgives

gelatoaricherquality.Ifsoftenmadewithfruitflavors.

LaDameBlanche

ThissimpleyetprettydessertisfromBelgium,aplaceknownforitschocolate.Thetreat

consistsofvanillaicecreamandwhippedcream,toppedwithchocolatesauce.

1.Whichofthefollowingtreatsisdifficulttochew?

A.Parfait.B.LaDameBlanche.

C.Mangoshavedice.D.Turkishmasticicecream.

2.Whatmakesgelatothebesticecream?

A.Itsshape.B.Itsquality.

C.Thefruitsituses.D.Theingredientsituses.

3.Wherecanyoutastethetreatwithchocolatesauce?

A.France.B.Turkey.C.Belgium.D.Italy.

B

WhenSimonCanewasinthesecondgrade,hebeganlearningaboutallthewayshumanshave

animpactontheenvironmentandreallytookthoseclassroomlessonstoheartinawaythatset

himapartfromhisschoolmatesathiselementaryschool,P.S.81,intheBronx.HHetoldmewe

drovetoomuchandmadetoomuchpollution,"hisdad,JonathanCane,toldRunner'sWorld.So

Simonconvincedhisparentstostarthangingtheirclothestodry,takingthestairsinsteadof

elevators,andother"green"measures.

"FormuchofkindergartenandfirstgradeIrodemybiketoSimon'sschoolwithhimonthe

back,"Jonathansaid."Wehadalotoffunbeingoutdoors.We'dstoptogiveourdogtreatsand

generallyenjoyedituAsSimongotbigger,though,itwasn'tpracticalforhimtorideonhis

father'sback,butitalsodidn'tmakesensetoridetogether-bothbecauseofsafetyconcernsand

becausetherewasnoplacetoputawaySimon'sbike.So,mostofthetimetheydrovethe1.5

milestoschool.

Butin2019,whenSimonwasgoingintothirdgrade,the8-year-oldboycameupwithanew

waytohelptheplanet：runningthe1.5milestoP.S.81.AndJonathanpromisedhissonhe'djoin

himforaslongashewanted.

*'WedidatestrunonedayinAugust,anddecidedtogiveitago.Tobehonest,!thoughthe*d

blink（眨眼）afteritgotreallycoldorrainy,butheneverdid,''Jonathansaid.Herecalledoneday

whentheweatherwasparticularlybad."It'sreallyrainingouttheretoday,"hetoldSimon.And

Simonsaid,“Wellthenwe'regoingtogetwet!”Hetookprideintoughingitout,anditbecame

areallyfunfamilyroutine.

Sincethestar,Simonhasrunwithhisdadandtheirblackdog,Lola,andhaseveninspiredhis

mom,NicoleSinQuee,tojoinin.Theysoonbecameknownas"thefamilythatrunstoschool"

4.WhatmakesSimondifferentfromhisclassmates?

A.Washinghisclothesbyhimself.

B.Takingmanyclassesafterschool.

C.Takinggreenmeasurestoprotecttheearth.

D.Raisingstrangequestionsinclass.

第2页，共22页

5.HowdidSimonusuallygotoschoolinsecondgrade?

A.Bycar.B.Bycycling.

C.Byrunning.D.Byschoolbus.

6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?

A.Simonhastroublewithhiseyesight.

B.Simonisreallystubbornandinllexible.

C.Simondidn'tgetsupportfromhisfather.

D.Simonismuchtougherthanexpected.

7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheBestWaytoGotoSchool

B.FatherandSonRunfortheEnvironment

C.ATeenagerKeepsRunningtoInspireFather

D.ThreeInspiringRunningAthletestoProtecttheEnvironment

c

Topersist,lifemustreproduce（繁心1）.ScientistsattheUniversityofVermont,Tufts

University,andtheWyssInstituteforBiologicallyInspiredEngineeringatHarvardUniversity

havediscoveredanentirelynewformofbiologicalreproductionandappliedtheirdiscoveryto

createthefirst-ever,self-replicating（自我复制的）livingrobots.

NamedXenobotsaftertheAfricanclawedfrogfromwhichscientiststaketheirstemcells,the

machinesarelessthan0.04incheswide一smallenoughtotravelinsidehumanbodies.Theycan

walkandswim,surviveforweekswithoutfood,andworktogetheringroups.Theyevenhave

regenerativecapabilities；whenthescientistsslicedintoonerobot,ithealedbyitselfandkept

moving.

TheXenobotscouldpotentiallybeusedtowardahostoftasks.Xenobotscouldbeusedtoclean

upradioactivewasteandcollectmicroplasticsintheoceans.SomeXenobotshadholesintheir

center,whichcouldpotentillybeusedtotransportdrugsormedicines."Traditionalrobots

degrade（降解）overtimeandcanproduceharmfulecologicalandhealthsideeffects,

"researcherssaidinthestudy,whichwaspublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademy

ofSciences.Asbiologicalmachines,Xenobotsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsaferfor

humanhealth.Asidefromtheseimmediatepracticaltasks,Xenobotscouldalsohelpresearchers

tolearnmoreaboutcellbiology—openingthedoorstofutureadvancementinhumanhealth

andlongevity.

Whiletheprospectofself-replicatingbiotechnologycouldsparkconcern,theresearcherssaid

thatthelivingmachineswereentirelycontainedinalabandeasilydestroyed,astheyare

biodegradableandregulatedbyexperts."Therearemanythingsthatarepossibleifwetake

advantageofthiskindofplasticity（可塑性）andabilityofcellstosolveproblems,nsaidJoshua

Bongard,oneoftheleadresearchersattheUniversityofVermont.

8.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"regenerative"underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Fightingdisease.B.Replacingoldcells.

C.Self-cleaningregularly.D.Recoveringandgrowingagain.

9.WhatcanwelearnaboutXenobotsfromparagraph3?

A.Theycanbewidelyappliedtocuringdiseases.

B.Theycanservewelltheresearchonhumanhealth.

C.Theyarespeciallydesignedtocollectradioactivewaste.

D.Theyareharmlesstotheenvironmentbydegradingplastics.

10.WhatisBongard'sattitudetowardstheself-replicatingbiotechnology?

A.Positive.B.Indifferent.C.Doubtful.D.Ambiguous.

11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.Anewapplicationofamachineinmedicine.

B.Thelatesttrendofdevelopingbiotechnology.

C.Theinventionofthefirstself-reproductionrobots.

D.AnexperimentoncellsfromAfricanclawedfrogs.

D

MajlisJonssonisa73-year-oldlivinginthecentreofSweden'scapitalStockholm.Sheleadsan

activelifewithherfriends,travellingaroundthecityandmeetingincoffeeshops.However,one

issuecausesherstress.

Swedenhasbeensteadilymovingtowardsacompletelycashlesssocietyfbranumberof

years.Cashisnowusedinlessthanoneinfiveofallcashtransactions（交易）instores-half

thenumberasfiveyearsago.Thelawsaysshopscanrefusetoacceptcash.Lifecanbehardfor

thoseunwillingorunabletoadapttothechanges.Noteveryonehatescash.MajlisJonssonis

onesuchperson.Shemustgotoabankinordertopayherfriendbackforatrainticketbought

digitally."Ijustdon'tknowhowtodoit.”

NiklasArvidsson,Sweden'sleadingexpertonthepaymentsystem,acknowledgesthatsome

peopleareindangerofbeingleftbehind,liketheelderly."We^ealsogotaproblemwith

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smallerbusinessmeninruralareaswhereperhapsthetelecommunicationsystemsarenot

working,"heSays.

IsSwedenbenefitingfromallthis?AccordingtoArvidssonjtis."Electronictransactionsare

quickerandcostlessingeneralandmakethepaymentsystemmoreefficient."Healsopoints

outthat"itisalittlebitmoredifficultingeneralforthepeopletogetawaywithnotpaying

taxesormakingsmalltheftswithoutcash.u

Ofcourse,withanincreaseindigitaltransactions,thequestionofdatasecuritycomesinto

play.Aswefreefallthroughanincreasinglyvirtualworld-andpaymentsoverthecloud

insteadofpaymentswithpaper-whohasaccesstoourinformation?Itisaglobalproblem

withnoeasysolution.

ButArvidssonremainslargelypositiveaboutcashlesstransactions.likeavirtual

infrastructureisbeingbuilt.….ifahighwayorarailroadhasthecapacitytobringpeoplein

businesscloserandincreaseoutput,thesamethingwillhappenwithtechnology.!reallydo

believethatoncethetechnologygenieisoutofthebottle,howdoyouputitback?"

12.WhatupsetsMajlisJosson?

A.Sheowesherfriendsomemoney.

B.Shehastopaywithoutcash.

C.Shehastodrawmoneyfromthebank.

D.Sheknowslittleaboutthephone.

13.What'smentionedbyArvidssonasanadvantageofdigitaltransactions?

A.Theyhelpreducesomeillegalacts.

B.Theymakepayingtaxesconvenient.

C.Theyimprovetelecommunicationsystems.

D.Theysavethecostofprintingpapermoney.

14.Accordingtothetext,whatproblemwilldigitaltransactionsbringabout?

A.Theywillchargeextrafees.

B.Theywillstimulateoverspend.

C.Theywilldestroythecomputersystem.

D.Theywillposeathreattodatasecurity.

15.HowdoesArvidssonshowtheimportanceoftechnology?

A.Byusingstudyresults.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C.Byprovidingexamples.D.Byquotingafamoussaying.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10・0分)

It'scertainthatwe'reallgettingolder.Andwhiletheolderamongusmaybenospringchickens

anymore,growingoldgracefullyisnobadthing.(1)Howevenastheworldpopulation

ages,willtherebeenoughpeopletoreplaceouryoungerselves?

Asituationwheretherearemoreoldpeoplethanyoungcertainlyhasaneffectontheworld.A

reportbythePewResearchCentersaysthatgloballythenumberofpeopleover65yearsold

willtripleby2050,drasticallyalteringsomecountries'demographic(人口的)make-up.(2)

Governmentswillstruggletoprovidesatisfactorypensions,whichareultimatelyfundedby

taxespaidbytheworkingpopulation.Andlong-term,asmallerpopulationof

economically-activepeoplemaybeaproblemforcompaniestryingtorecruit(招聘)staff.

(3)ThePewResearchCentersurveyfoundthat87%ofJapanesepeopleweremostconcerned

aboutit,whileonly26%ofpeoplefromtheUSAwere.Somecountriesthoughttheelderly

shouldtakecareofthemselves,whileothersthoughtitwastheresponsibilityofthefamily.(4).

Butoldageshouldn'tjustbeseennegatively.Elderlypeoplehaveknowledgeandexperienceto

passon.Somehavewealthwhichtheycanspend,helpingtheeconomy.Andsomedovoluntary

orcharitywork.(5)Andtheseincludeincreasingtheretirementage,encouragingpeopletosave

forthefuture,orevenconvincingpeopletohavemorechildren.

A.Andwithagecomeswisdom.

B.Ofcourse,solutionsareneededtotackletheissue.

C.Manythoughtthegovernmentshouldberesponsible.

D.Theagingpopulationcanbepotentialnewcustomers.

E.Attitudestoanagingpopulationvaryaroundtheworld.

F.Italsopredictsthattheworldpopulationwilldeclineinthenextcentury.

G.Thisagingpopulationmeansanincreaseddemandforhealthandsocialcare.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

第6页，共22页

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

WhenClaireTaylorturnedseventy-fivelastyear,shestartedhavingproblemswithher(21)

notablydrynessanddiscomfort.

"Iwassimply(22)aterribleexperience,"Ms.TaylorsaidatherhomeinToronto."Ifeltso

helplessandinsecurebecausethequalityofmy(23)wasaffected.n

Ms.Taylotalkedtosomefiendswhohad(24)problemsanddiscoveredthattheywerelargely

sufferingin(25).“Nobodychoosestotalkaboutitbecauseitseemsso(26)."shesaid.nBut

moreandmorearesufferingandlivesarebeing(27).”

Eventually,Ms.Taylorlearnedaboutplansforaneyeresearch(28)atTelAvivUniversityin

Israel.Theresearchteam(29)CanadiandoctorAllanSlomovic,whohasdone(30)workoneye

careusingstemcellsSeeingarayofhope,Ms.Taylorbeganraising(31)fortheprojectwitha

friend,TorontobusinessmanMeyerZeifman.(32),shehasraised$110,000withanothers

40,000(33).

"I'mtryingtogetmoreandmorepeopleto(34)thattherearesolutions,"saidMs.Taylor,a

trainednursewhoissillworkingasapersonaltrainerafter(35)."Isaythereisnoold(36),

there'sonlyneglect(冬视).Don'tstand(37),dosomethingaboutit.n

Ms.Taylor(38)thatsheishopingtodomorefortheresearchproject."Ijustwanttobring(39)

intopeople'seyesandthisisjustthe(40).Thereisstillalongwaytogo."

21.A.skinB.throatC.lungsD.eyes

22.A.goingthroughB.holdingonC.gettingoverD.passingdown

23.A.storyB.treatmentC.lifeD.relationship

24.A.variousB.similarC.personalD.special

25.A.turnB.peaceC.vainD.silence

26.A.unbearableB.abnormalC.insignificantD.disturbing

27.A.compromisedB.forgottenC.substitutedD.separated

28.A.courseB.paperC.programD.conference

29.A.informedB.includedC.doubtedD.dismissed

30.A.part-timeB.controversial

C.voluntaryD.ground-breaking

31.A.standardsB.moneyC.awarenessD.questions

32.A.SofarB.AseverC.InreturnD.Onceagain

33.A.wastedB.donatedC.expectedD.earned

34.A.imagineB.confirmC.rememberD.understand

35.A.retirementB.childbirthC.graduationD.marriage

36.A.timeB.ruleC.ageD.tale

37.A.straightB.stillC.firmD.alone

38.A.commentedB.learnedC.remindedD.added

39.A.lightB.joyC.colorD.beauty

40.A.fixtureB.beginningC.truthD.meaning

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.DoyouDouyin?Gotamoment-or,perhaps,15seconds?Intheageof

fragmented(碎片化的)time,Douyin,whichisamassivehitinChinaright

now,canperfectlyfillinthegapswhenpeoplehavenothing

(1)(good)todobetweentwoevents；itsdailyplays(2)

(spread)overonebillioninthepastfewyears.TheVine-likeappallowsusers

toproducecreativeshortvideosthatcombinemusicwithmouthshapesorbodymoves.

Theycandance,sing,cookordo

(3)theirheartsdesire.

(4)(launch)inSeptember2016,DouyinisownedbyZhangYiming,

oneofChina*stoptechleaders；hechairsByteDance.Similarto

howVineworked(5)atime-limitedvideoplatform,Douyinisa

(6)(collect)ofbrief15-secondmusicvideos,mainlyfocusedonyoungpeople,

(7)it'scertainlysuitablefbrallages.

Ontheplatform,childishandstrangebehavioursare(8)(total)

acceptable.Inhigh-pressureworld,itisnosurprisethatDouyinhasbecomesosuccessful

-allyouneedtodoispickupyourphoneandopen

(9)apptorelievesomestressandrelaxyourself.Ilpushesrelatedvideosand

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productsbasedonusers'preferencesandconsequently,Douyincanbequiteaddictive-

manypeoplejustwanttoenjoyafewminutesatfirst,butendup

（10）（consume）severalhours'videotime.

五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I'mgladtohavereceivedyourlettersaythatyouareinterestedinChina.NowIamwriting

tosincereinviteyoutovisitChina,wherewon'tletyoudown.Asyouknow,China,witha

longhistoryandgreatculture,haveaseaoffamouscitiesanddifferenttypesofplacesof

interestingforyoutoexplore.Amongthemhecan'tmisstheGreatWall!Beside,youcan

alsoenjoyvariousdeliciousfoodandconveniencetransportlikehigh-speedtrainsand

sharedbikes.Theyaresuregiveyouabrandnewexperience!

Wishyouallarethebest!

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43.假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jack在自学汉语时碰到汉字读音困难的情况。请你

给他回信，内容包括：

（1）表达理解；（2）给予建议；（3）预祝学习进步。

注意：

（1）词数100左右

（2）可以适当发挥想象，以使行文流畅紧凑

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、B、C

【解析】(1)D.推理判断题。根据Turkishmasticicecream(dogdurma)部分

Theseingredientsmakethedessertsochewythatit'susuallyeatenwithaknifeandfork!

这些配料使得甜点非常有嚼劲，所以通常要用刀叉来吃!可知，Turkishmasticice

cream(dogdurma)是难以咀嚼的。故选D。

(2)B.推理判断题。根据Italiangelato部分Manypeopleconsidergelatothebesticecream

intheworld.Ifsmadewithalowerpercentageoffatthanregularicecreamand

churned(搅拌)moreslowly.This

produceslessairandgivesgelaloaricherquality,许多人认为gelato

是世界上最好的冰淇淋。它的脂肪含量比普通冰淇淋低，搅拌速度也慢。这样产生的空

气更少，奶油冻的质量更丰富。可知，让gelato成为最好的冰淇淋的是它的质量。故选

Bo

(3)C.细节理解题。根据LaDameBlanche部分Thissimpleyetprettydessertisfrom

Belgium,aplaceknownforitschocolate.Thetreatconsistsofvanillaicecreamandwhipped

cream,toppedwithchocolatesauce.

这款简单而漂亮的甜点来自比利时，一个以巧克力闻名的地方。这道甜品包括香草冰淇

淋和鲜奶油，上面淋上巧克力酱。可知，在Belgium可以尝到巧克力酱的美味。故选C。

本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了世界各地的一些冷冻食物。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

4〜7.【答案】C、A、D、B

(解析】(1)C.细节理解题。根据第一段"WhenSimonCanewasinthesecondgrade,hebegan

learningaboutallthewayshumanshaveanimpactontheenvironmentandreallytookthose

classroomlessonstoheartinawaythatsethimapartfromhisschoolmatesathiselementary

school,P.S.81

,intheBronx.'1(当SimonCane上二年级的时候，他开始

学习人类对环境的所有影响，并真正把课堂上所学的内容牢记在心，在某种程度上这使

第10页，共22页

他与布朗克斯的第81公立小学的同学们区别开来。）"以及"SoSimonconvincedhisparents

tostarthangingtheirclothestodry,takingthestairsinsteadofelevators,andother"green'*

measures.（所以，西蒙说服他的父母把衣服挂起

来晾干，不坐电梯而走楼梯，以及采取其他“绿色“措施。）”可知，当SimonCane上二

年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响，把那些课堂上所学的内容铭记于心，

并且采取“绿色"措施保护环境，这使得他跟他的同学不同。选项”C.Takinggreenmeasures

toprotecttheenvironment.采取环保措施保护环境。”符合语境，故选C项。

（2）A.推理判断题。根据第二段"AsSimongotbigger,though,itwasn'tpracticalforhimto

rideonhisfather'sback,butitalsodidn'tmakesensetoridetogether

—bothbecauseofsafetyconcernsandbecausetherewasnoplacetoputawaySimon's

bike.So,mostofthetimetheydrovethe1.5milestoschool.

（然而，随着西蒙长大，骑在他爸爸自行车的后座，对他来说并不现实，但一起骑车也

没有意义既是出于安全考虑，也是因为没有地方放西蒙的自行车。所以大多数时候他们

都开车1.5英里到学校。）”以及第三段"Butin2019,whenSimonwasgoingintothird

grade,the8-year-oldcameupwithanewwaytohelpthe

planet：runningthe1.5milestoP.S.81.（但是

在2019年，那时候8岁的西蒙上三年级，他提出了一个帮助地球的新方法：跑步1.5

英里去布朗克斯第81公立小学。）”可知，二年级时SimonCane主要是坐车去上学。

选项"A.Bycar.开车。”符合语境，A.Bycar.开车；B.Bycycling.骑自行车；C.Byrunning.

通过跑步；D.Byschoolbus.乘校车。故选A项。

（3）D.推理判断题。根据第四段"Tobehonest」thoughthe，dblink（眨眼）

afteritgotreallycoldorrainy,butheneverdid,"Jonathansaid.（说

实话，我以为天冷了或下雨了他就会犹豫一下，但他从来没有。）”可知，选项"D.Simon

ismuchtougherthanexpected.SimonCane.比预料的要坚强。”符合语境，故选

D项。

（4）B.标题判断题。阅读全文，尤其是根据第一段"WhenSimonCanewasinthesecond

grade,hebeganlearningaboutallthewayshumanshaveanimpactontheenvironmentand

reallytookthoseclassroomlessonstoheart

（当西蒙凯恩上二年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响，并真正把课堂上学

的内容牢记在心。”'以及最后一段"Sincethestart,Simonhasrunwithhisdadandtheirblack

dog,Lola,andhaseveninspiredhismom,NicoleSinQuee,tojoinin.Theysoonbecameknown

as"thefamilythatrunstoschool".

（从一开始，西蒙就和他的爸爸和他们的黑狗萝拉一起跑步，甚至还激励了他的妈妈

（NicoleSinQuee）也加入进来。他们很快就被称为“跑去上学的家庭"。）"可知，本文

主要讲述八岁的男孩SimonCane很重视环保，选项"B.FatherandSonRunforthe

Environment.并且为环保做出的实际行动和爸爸一起跑步去上学。"符合语

境，故选B项。

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位八岁的男孩SimonCane为环保做出的实际行动和爸

爸一起跑去上学。

做这类题材的阅读理解时要求考生对文章先通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性

的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基

础上进行合理地分析，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8~11.【答案】D、B、A、C

【解析】（1）D.词义猜测题。根据第二段

whenthescientistsslicedintoonerobot,ithealedbyitselfandkeptmoving.（当科学家切开

一个机器人时，它会自动愈合并继续成长。）“可知，机器人有自我愈合和修复功能，

故regenerative的意思是恢复并再次成长。"A.Fightingdisease抗击疾病；

B.Replacingoldcells取代老细胞；C.Self-cleaningregularly定期自我清洁；

D.Recoveringandgrowingagain恢复并再次成长。故选D项。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据第三段

"Asidefromtheseimmediatepracticaltasks,Xenobotscouldalsohelpresearcherstoleammor

eaboutcellbiology------openingthedoorstofutureadvancementinhumanhealthandlongev

ity.（除了这些直接的实际任务外，Xenobots还可以帮助研究人员更多地了解细胞生物

学，为人类健康和长寿的未来进步打开大门。）"可知，Xenobots可以很好地服务于人

类健康的研究。故选B项。

（3）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段

""Therearemanythingsthatarepossibleifwetakeadvantageofthiskindofplasticity（可塑

性）

andabilityofcellstosolveproblems,"saidJoshuaBongard,oneoftheleadresearchersatthe

universityofVermont.（佛蒙特大学的首席研究员之一的JoshuaBongard说："如果我们

利用这种可塑性和细胞解决问题的能力，有很多事情是可能的"。）"可知，JoshuaBongard

对自我复制生物技术是支持的态度，故选A项。

第12页，共22页

（4）C.主旨大意题。根据第一段

"ScientistsattheUniversityofVermont,TuftsUniversity,andtheWyssInstituteforBiologica

llyInspiredEngineeringatHarvardUniversityhavediscoveredanentirelynewformofbiolo

gicalreproductionandappliedtheirdiscoverytocreatethefirst-ever,self-replicating（自我复

制的）livingrobots.（佛蒙特大学、塔夫茨大学和哈佛大学怀斯生物启发工程研究所的

科学家们发现了一种全新的生物繁殖形式，并运用他们的发现创造了有史以来第一个可

以自我复制的，有生命的机器人。）可知，作者从第一段引入文章的主题：第一个可以

自我复制的机器人的发明，故选C项。

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍有史以来第一个可以自我复制、有生命的机器人。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上

合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】B、A、D、C

【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第二段"Thelawsaysshopscanrefusetoacceptcash.Life

canbehardforthoseunwillingorunabletoadapttothechanges.Noteveryonehates

cash.MajlisJonssonisonesuchperson.Shemustgotoabankinordertopayherfriendbackfor

atrainticketboughtdigially,"Ijustdon'tknowhowtodoit."

对于那些不愿意或无法适应变化的人来说，生活可能很艰难。不是每个人都讨厌现金。

MajlisJonsson就是这样一个人。她必须到银行去还她朋友用电子方式买的火车票。"我

就是不知道怎么做。"可知让MajlisJosson不安的是她不能用现金支付。故选B。

（2）A.推理判断题。根据第四段"Electronictransactionsarequickerandcostlessingeneral

andmakethepaymentsystemmoreefficient."Healsopointsoutthat"itisalittlebitmore

difficultingeneralforthepeopletogetawaywithnotpayingtaxesormakingsmallthefts

withoutcash."

一般来说，电子交易速度更快、成本更低，使支付系统更高效」他还指出，“一般来说，

人们在没有现金的情况下逃税或进行小规模盗窃会有点困难。”可知，阿维森提到数字

交易的优势是它们有助于减少一些非法行为。故选A。

（3）D.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Aswefreefallthroughanincreasinglyvirtual

world-andpaymentsoverthecloudinsteadofpaymentswithpaper-whohasaccesstoour

infonnation?Itisaglobalproblemwith

noeasysolution.随着我们在一个日益虚拟化的世界中自由落体，通过

云计算而不是纸质支付，谁能访问我们的信息？这是一个全球问题，没有简单的解决方

案。”可知，根据文章，数字交易将带来的问题是它们将对数据安全构成威胁。故选D。

（4）C.推理判断题。根据最后一段"ButArvidssonremainslargelypositiveaboutcashless

transactions."It'slikeavirtualinfrastructureisbeingbuilt...ifahighwayorarailroadhasthe

capacitytobringpeopleinbusinesscloserandincreaseoutput,thesamethingwillhappenwith

technology.!reallydobelievethatoncethetechnologygenieisoutofthebottle,howdoyouput

it

back

?”但阿维德森对无现金交易仍持乐观态

度。”这就像一个虚拟的基础设施正在建设……如果一条公路或铁路有能力让人们更接

近商业并增加产出，同样的事情也会发生在技术上。我真的相信，一旦技术精灵从瓶子

里出来，你怎么把它放回去？”可知，阿维德森通过提供举例来展示技术的重要性。故

选C。

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了数字支付的优势和前景。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】A、G、E、C、B

【解析】（1）A.联系下文题。根据下文"However,asiheworldpopulationages,willthere

beenoughpeopletoreplaceouryoungerselves?（然而，随着世界人口老龄化，会有足够

的人来取代年轻的自己吗？）"可知，空处和下文形成转折关系，说明人们年龄增长的

好处。A项：Andwithagecomeswisdom.（智慧随着年龄的增长而增长）符合语境。故

选Ao

（2）G.推理判断题。根据上文"AreportbythePewResearchCentersaysthatgloballythe

numberofpeopleove