教师资格之中学英语学科知识与教学能力练习题(二)附答案打印

教师资格之中学英语学科知识与教学能力练习题(二)附答案打印

单选题（共50题）1、Whichofthefollowingwords'pronunciationisexceptionaltotheassimilationrule?A.unbeatableB.impossibleC.illegalD.irregular【答案】A2、Inthespeakingactivities,aspeakeroftentriestoavoidusingadifficultwordorstructureandchoosestobeasimplerone.Whatlearningstrategydoesthespeakeruse?A.SimplicityB.GeneralizationC.ParaphraseD.Avoidance【答案】D3、Polyester(聚酯)isnowbeingusedforbottles.ICI,thechemicalsandplasticscompany,believesthatitisnowbeginningtobreakthegripofglassonthebottlebusinessandthustakeadvantageofthishugemarket.A.arecheaperB.aremoresuitedtosmallsizesC.aremoreexcitingtolookatD.donotbreakeasily【答案】D4、Whichofthefollowingpairsofwordsaresynonyms?A.Red-colorB.Tall-shortC.Petrol-gasolineD.Father-father【答案】C5、Whenitcomestoairlinetravel,perhapsnothinghasrevolutionizedthepassengerexperiencemorethanairlineapps.Indeed,they'rebecomingsoubiquitousthatmorethan50percentofU.Stravelershaveatleastoneairlineappinstalledontheirsmartdevice,accordingtotravelindustryresearchfirmPhocuswright.A.UnlimiteDB.EasyC.ImmediateD.Direct【答案】A6、请阅读Passagel。完成第21—25小题。A.mice'sinbornterrorofcatsB.theevolutionofToxoplasmaC.anewstudyabouttheeffectsofaparasiteonmiceD.aharmfulparasitecalledToxoplasmagondii【答案】C7、PresidentArlinghasputhislongawaitedeconomicrestructuringprogrambeforetheCongress.ItprovidesacoordinateD.programofinvestmentcredits,researchgrants,educationreforms,andchangesdesignedtomakeAmericanindustrymoreA.supportB.distasteC.DisapprovalD.Compromise【答案】A8、Takingphotographsofindividualsinprivateplaceswithouttheirconsentisnotacceptable,unless__________bythepublicinterest.A.justifiedB.freedC.pardonedD.forgiven【答案】A9、Passage1A.ClearB.SafeC.StraightD.Difficult【答案】A10、请阅读Passage2。完成第小题。A.photographstakenbyWesternexplorersreflectmoreWesterners'perceptionoftheindigenousculturesandtheWesternvaluesB.thereisacomplicatedrelationshipbetweentheWesternexplorersandtheprimitivepeoplesC.popularmagazinessuchasNationalGeographicshouldshowpicturesoftheexoticandidealizedworldstomaintainhighsalesD.anthropologistsaskthenativestoposefortheirpictures,compromisingthetruthfulnessoftheirpietures【答案】A11、--Youdidn'tattendthepartylastnight?A.couldn'thaveB.needn'thaveC.didn'tneedtoD.don'thaveto【答案】C12、Evenwhen__________tosuchtoughlivingconditions,thechildrenwouldneverhaveanycomplaint.A.exposingB.exposedC.exposeD.toexpose【答案】B13、AnneWhitney,asophomoreatColoradoStateUniversity,firsthadaproblemtakingtestswhenshebegancollege."Iwasalwayswellpreparedformytests.SometimesIstudiedforweeksbeforeatest.YetIwouldgointotakethetest,onlytofindIcouldnotanswerthequestionscorrectly.Iwouldblankoutbecauseofnervousnessandfear.Icouldn'tthinkoftheanswer.MylowgradesonthetestsdidnotshowwhatIknewtotheteacher."Anotherstudentinbiologyhadsimilarexperiences.Hesaid,"Myfirstchemistrytestwasverydifficult.Then,onthesecondtest,A.anexcuseforlazinessB.theresultofpoorstudyhabitsC.arealproblemD.somethingthatcannotbechanged【答案】C14、Ateachershowedstudentsanexampleandexplainedtheusageofpastperfecttense,andaskstudentstolistten“pastperfecttense”sentencesbyimitatingthatexample.What’steacher'sgrammarteachingmethod?A.ConsolidationB.PresentationC.DeductionD.Induction【答案】C15、Thebestgroupingofteachingwhenthestudentsaregiventhetasktodesignaposterforaschooleventis__________.A.pair-workB.groupworkC.one-to-oneD.individual【答案】B16、Thecorrectmeaningofalexicaliteminagivencontextis__________.A.theoneprovidedinadictionaryB.theonewhichbestfitsthecontextC.thecentralorcoremeaningoftheitemD.theonewhichisassumedtobecorrect【答案】B17、请阅读短文，完成此题。A.Needed:aBetterModelforEducationB.Gonski:theAdvantagesandDisadvantagesC.Needed:aBetterModelforFundingSchoolsD.Gonski:aFundingModelFavoredbythePrimeMinister【答案】D18、CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperiencebyitself.NeitherthelandscapenorthepeoplefindtheircounterpartsA.putanendtoawholeseriesofquarrelsB.preventedthePathansfromcarryingonfeudsC.lessenedthesubsidiespaidtothePathansD.gavethePathansamuchquieterlife【答案】B19、Whatistheteacherdoingintermsonerrorcorrection?A.DirectcorrectionB.IndirectcorrectionC.Self-correctionD.Peercorrection【答案】B20、Thefuelgas,if__________someair,burnsmorerapidly.A.involvedinB.connectedwithC.mixedwithD.joinedin【答案】C21、The_____approachtowritingteachingpaysattentiontonotonlywhattowrite,butalsohowtowrite.A.product-orientedB.process-orienteDC.form-focusedD.meaning-focuseD【答案】B22、__________advanceseemstobefollowingadvanceonalmostamonthlybasis.A.SorapidistherateofprogressthatB.RapidastherateofprogressisthatC.SorapidistherateofprogressasD.Rapidastherateofprogressas【答案】A23、Thewords"make"and"chair"arecalled__________becausetheycanoccurunattached.A.derivationalaffixB.boundmorphemesC.freemorphemesD.inflectionalaffix【答案】C24、请阅读短文，完成此题。A.IronicB.PassionateC.HumorousD.Matter-of-fact【答案】D25、Children__________alotofenergyandmayneedmorehigh-energyfoodthanadults．A.spendB.takeC.costD.expend【答案】D26、请阅读短文，完成此题。A.TheimportanceofdoingwellatschoolB.UsingschoolperformancetohelptochooseacareerC.TheimportanceofbeinggoodatallsubjectsD.Theindirectvalueofschoolwork【答案】B27、IntheearlystagesoftheAudio-lingualMethod,thefocusison______skills,withgraduallinkstootherskillsaslearningdevelops.A.speakingB.translatingC.readingD.writing【答案】A28、Passage1A.Thegirlcan'tunderstandthemovieshewasseeingB.ThegirlfeltscaredaboutthemovieshewasseeingC.ThemoviethegirlseeingwasverythrillingD.Thegirlcouldn'tfindherfather【答案】C29、WhichofthefollowingactivitiescanhelpdeveloptheskilloflisteningforgistA.ListenandfindoutwhereJimlivesB.ListenanddecideonthebesttitleforthepassageC.ListenandunderlinethewordsthespeakerstressesD.Listentopainsofwordsandtelliftheyarethesame【答案】B30、Perseverance,modestyandopportunityarethe__________factorsforthegirl'ssuccessinhercareer.A.contributedB.contributingC.contributorD.contribution【答案】B31、__________isconcernedwiththesocialsignificanceoflanguagevariationandlanguageuse?indifferentspeechcommunities.A.PsycholinguisticsB.SociolinguisticsC.HistoricallinguisticsD.Pragmatics【答案】B32、Mr．Smithusedtosmoke__________buthehasgivenitup．A.seriouslyB.heavilyC.badlyD.hardly【答案】B33、WhichofthefollowingtasksfailstoencourageactivelanguageuseA.RecitingatextB.BargaininginashopC.WritinganapplicationletterD.Readingtogetamessage【答案】A34、Whichofthefollowingwords’pronunciationshowsdeletion?A.designB.signatureC.paradigmatiCD.designation【答案】A35、Thephoneme/v/inthefirstwordofallthefollowingphraseschangesto/f/except__________.A.fiveplusB.lovetoC.twelvecupsD.givein【答案】D36、Passage1A.Competitionhelpstosetupself-respectB.CompetitionisharmfultopersonalqualitydevelopmentC.FailuresarenecessaryexperiencesincompetitionD.Opinionsaboutcompetitionaredifferentamongpeople【答案】D37、Inwhichofthefollowingsituationsistheteacherplayingtheroleofobserver?A.GivingfeedbackanddealingwitherrorsB.OrganizingstudentstodoactivitiesbygivinginstructionsC.WalkingaroundtoseehoweachstudentperformsingroupworkD.Offeringhelptothosewhoneeditbothinideasandlanguage【答案】C38、请阅读Passage2，完成第小题。A.AntiquitieshuntersB.EnvironmentaldamageC.TheoptionalnumberoftouristsD.Visitorsexceedingtheoptimalnumber【答案】D39、Teacherswhobelieveinthe__________modelwillenablestudentstounderstandthemeaningandusageofthewordsfirst,andthenmakefulluseofthewordsinlistening,readingorwritingtasks,askrepresentativestoshowproductsofthetasks,andgiveanevaluationforitatlastwhenteachingvocabulary.A.PPPB.PWPC.PPTD.TBLT【答案】D40、Passage1A.Enwave'ssystemissaidtoworkonlyincitieslocatedneartheGreatLakesB.ThewaterdeepinLakeOntarioalwaysremainsatthesametemperatureC.ExpertswarnthattheuseofCFCsinEnwave'ssystemwilladdtoglobalwarmingD.Torontoisnowsearchingfornewnaturalsourcesofwatertouseinitswatersupply【答案】B41、Whichofthefollowingisacommunicativetask?A.Readingaloudthedialogueonpage24B.WritingapartyinvitationtoyourMendsC.TranslatingthefirstparagraphintoChineseD.Makingsentenceswiththeexpressionsgiven【答案】B42、Drunkendriving,sometimescalledAmerica'ssociallyacceptedformofmurder,hasbecomeanationalepidemic.EveryhourofeverydayaboutthreeAmericansonaveragearekilledhyA.Asixteen-year-oldboywhodrankaglassofwinethreehoursagoB.Anoldladywhotookfourshotsofwhiskyinyesterday'spartyC.ApolicemanwholikesalcoholverymuchD.Apregnantwomanwhodrankabeeranhourago【答案】A43、TheLawtoKeeptheOilIndustryunderControlA.alargereductiononunemploymentB.agrowthinthetouristindustryC.areductioninthenumberofexistingindustriesD.thedevelopmentofanumberofserviceindustries【答案】C44、Whichofthefollowingwritingactivitiesmaybeusedtodevelopstudents′skillofplanningA.EditingtheirwritingingroupsB.Self-checkingpunctuationsintheirwritingC.SortingoutideasandputtingtheminorderD.Cross-checkingthelanguageintheirwriting【答案】C45、WhatstagecanthefollowinggrammaractivitybeusedatA.PresentationB.PracticeC.ProductionD.Preparation【答案】B46、Accordingtothemannerofthearticulation,/l/isconsideredtobetheonly__________inEnglish．A.stopB.fricativeC.approximantD.lateral【答案】D47、WhichofthefollowingtechniquesisNOTusedintheGrammar-TranslationMethod?A.ReadingB.TranslationC.WrittenworkD.Oralpresentation【答案】D48、Thecorrectmeaningofalexicaliteminagivencontextis__________.A.theoneprovidedinadictionaryB.theonewhichbestfitsthecontextC.thecentralorcoremeaningoftheitemD.theonewhichisassumedtobecorrect【答案】B49、请阅读Passage2，完成第小题。A.interpretthefunctionofforgettingB.illustratetheprocessofadaptingC.explaintheperformanceofmemoryD.emphasizetheimportanceoflearning【答案】A50、Inapre-listeningactivity,studentsneedtolearntocopewithsomeambiguity不明确inlisteningandrealizethattheycanstilllearnevenwhentheydonotunderstandeverysingleword.Theaimofthisactivityistodeveloptheskillof__________.A.listeningforspecificinformationB.listeningforgistC.listeningforstructureD.listeningforvocabulary【答案】B大题（共10题）一、根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。在教学过程中，强调语法服从功能，重视学生表达的流利性和得体性，属于哪种教学法?(5分)该教学法有什么优点和不足?(15分)【答案】在教学过程中，强调语法服从功能，重视学生表达的流利性和得体性，属于交际法。交际法的优点：①有利于培养学生的语言运用能力和学以致用的意识。②强调学生的主动性和互动性。③课堂上的交际活动以学生为主体，有利于激发学生的学习兴趣、钻研精神和自学能力。交际法的不足：①交际法要求根据学生需要来选择教学内容，确定教学要求。这对于我国实际情况来说是不现实的。我国的学生学习英语不是目前生存的需要，没有融合型动机，大部分学生的需求只是知识和能力的提高。②交际法主要适合小班型教学，学生使用语言的机会多。而我们国家目前中学的班型都在45人左右，甚至更多，学生使用外语交流的机会相对较少，不利于表现出交际法的优势。二、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。下面片段选自某初中英语课堂教学实录。T:Goodmorning,boysandgirls.Wetalkedabout“Thepresentperfecttense”yesterday,andIhopeyouhavegotsomeideaaboutit.Doyoustillremembertheformsofthetense?S1:Have/Hasdone.T:Youareright,goodboy.Andwhocansayasentencewiththeform?S2:Letmetry.WehavelearntEnglishforafewyears.T:Verygood,thankyou.S3:MyfatherhavegonetoHangzhouandoftentellsusaboutitsbeautifulscenerythere.T:Oh,youalsoremembertheform,butthen,whereisyourfather?IshestillinHangzhouorbackhomenow?S3:Backhome.T:Oh,Isee,youmeanyourfatherwenttoHangzhousometimeinthepast,andhehascomebackhomefromthere.Andsinceyourfatherisnotyouyourself,notI,nexttimeyoushouldsay“MyfatherhasbeentoHangzhouandoftentellsusaboutitsbeautifulscenerythere”.OK?请根据该教学片段回答下面三个问题：(1)该教师的教学有哪些优点？写出2个即可。（8分）【答案】(1)该教师的教学有以下2个优点：①讲授新课之前采用复习法巩固知识，为学生接下来的学习做好铺垫。案例中的教师采用循序渐进的教学方法，先复习语法结构（现在完成时的基本结构），再引申到语法运用（造句），以此来检查学生的掌握情况，帮助学生巩固旧知。②合理使用纠错技巧，进行有针对性的教学反馈，以启发引导为主，提高学生的参与度。在案例中该教师采用多种纠错技巧引导学生分辨have/hasbeento和have/hasgoneto，最终使学生掌握其正确用法。(2)该教师发现学生表达错误时，采取了以下四种纠错方式：①直接纠错法直接纠错是指学习者出现错误时，教师打断其语言训练或实践活动，对其错误予以正面纠正（说出正确的语言形式，并让学生改正）。教师直接纠错时使用的课堂用语通常有：Youshouldsay…／No，youshouldn'tsaythat…／Readafterme…／Payattentionto…／Oh，youmean…／Wedon'tsay…inEnglish.Wesay…等。该教师在纠正学生的第三人称单数错误以及hasgoneto和hasbeento的不同用法时直接指出其错误“nexttimeyoushouldsay…”。②重述法重述是指教师对学生语言表达中的错误进行含蓄纠正，是对学生的表达进行部分肯定之后的纠正。该方法以学生的语言表达为基础，对部分成分或词语进行修正，并保持原表达的意思不变。该教师针对第三位同学的两次表达，首先进行了部分肯定“Oh，youalsoremembertheform”，然后分别重述了其正确表达形式“MyfatherhasbeentoHangzhouandoftentellsusaboutitsbeautifulscenerythere”“hehascomebackhomefromthere”。③强调法教师在纠正学生的表达时有意重读或拖长出错部分的发音或用升调以表示特别强调。例如：该教师针对学生的语法错误，就对助动词的单数形式has进行了着重强调。④元语言反馈法元语言反馈是指学生出现言语错误时，教师对学生的错误进行技术上的分析和描述，如指出词类误用、时态错误等。例如：该教师解释助动词应用第三人称单数has时说“sinceyourfatherisnotyouyourself,notI，nexttimeyoushouldsay…”。(3)其他两种纠错方式：三、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。以下是某教师的课堂教学片段：(教师拿出若干不同颜色的礼物盒摆在桌上，然后将一个玩具汽车快速藏人其中一个盒子里，请学生猜玩具在哪个盒子里)T：Whereisthecar?S：Isitintheredbox?T：Maybe．T：Nowlet’Sseewherethecatis…Look!It’sintheyellowbox．(教师用PPT呈现课文人物John的照片)T：Lookatthisphoto．He’sJohn．He’sanAmericanboy．Helivesinourcity．Hestudiesinourschool．Buttodayhe’snotintheclassroom．WhereisJohn?Guess，please!S：Isheathome?T：Maybe．S：Isheinthesupermarket?T：Perhaps．【答案】(1)复习导入环节：运用实物创设情境。教师拿出若干不同颜色的礼物盒及玩具汽车等．为学生们创设了一个具体直观的具有信息差的猜测情境，复习旧知，激发兴趣。实物情境因其本身的直观具体性，使学生看得见，摸得到，利于感受，利于理解。教师在教学过程中，向学生出示某些与教学内容相关的实物，创设实体情境，可以有效地吸引学生的注意力．激发学生的学习兴趣，提高学生的学习效率。(2)课文教学环节：运用多媒体创设情境。教师用PVT呈现课文人物John的照片及John躺在卧室床上的画面，呈现问题WhereisJohn?并播放课文录音等，为学生创设视听情境。通过多媒体为学生创设丰富多彩、形象生动、妙趣横生的教学情境，可以充分调动学生的试听感官系统，激发学生学习兴趣，提高学生的认知能力。同时，还可以提高课堂的信息容量；缩短教学时问，提高教学效率；实现学生学习方式的多元化，利于优化课堂教学效果。(3)语言操练环节：运用活动创设情境。教师组织学生做游戏操练对话的重点和难点Whereis…?及其回答，体现了这一创设情境的方式。教师结合学生情况及教学内容设计多样化的教学活动，可以有效地激发学生学习的积极性，活跃课堂气氛。四、下面是某教师的课堂教学片段：T:Whatdidyourmumdoyesterday,WangLin?S:Mymumbuyedthedressforme.T:Oh,thatisnice.Yourmumboughtitforyou,didshe?S:Yes.T:Wheredidshebuyit?S:Shebuyeditintown.T:Oh,sheboughtitintownforyou.Well,itisverynice.请根据所给材料回答下列三个问题。(1)学生在对话中的语言错误是什么?(6分)(2)该教师采用什么方式来纠正学生的错误?效果如何?(12分)(3)教师还可以采用哪些方式纠错?请举例说明。(12分)【答案】(1)该学生犯了13语语法错误，用错了动词过去式的形式。即Mymumbuyedthedressforme．buyed→bought，Shebuyeditintown．buyed→bought。(2)该教师采用了重述法(Recasts)来纠正学生的错误。教师对学生语言表达中的错误进行了含蓄纠正。即先进行部分肯定之后用正确的语言重述学生的表达，不指出错误，而通过不同的语气(如反问)、语调、眼神、动作等，让学生自己意识到自己的错误。此纠错技巧对于纠正学生口语中的语法错误比较有效。(3)①直接纠错法(ExplicitCorrection)当学生出现语言错误时，教师打断语言训练或实践活动，对其错误予以正面纠正(说出正确的语言形式。并让学生改正)。这种纠错方式常用于旨在让学生掌握正确的语言形式而进行的机械操练或侧重语言精确输出的各种练习中。教师可用以下课堂用语：Youshouldsay…／No，youshouldn’tsaythat…／Readafterme．／Payattentionto…／Oh，youmean…，Wedon’tsay…inEnglish，wesay…等，例如：T：WhatdidyoudolastnightS：Igotoseeamoviewithmyparents．T：Oh．Youshouldsay“Iwenttoseeamoviewithmyparents”．S：Oh．sorry．1wenttoseeamoviewithmyparents．②强调纠错法(Pinpointing)教师重复学生的话．有意重读并拖长出错部分的发音或用升调以表示特别强调。这种方法常用于学生的自我纠错。这样既能纠正学生的口语错误，保证学生顺利进行口头叙述，又能顾及学生的自尊心，促进他们参与口语活动的积极性。例如：T：WheredidyougoonvacationthissummerS：IgotoHongKongformyvacation．T：YougotoHongKong五、根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计一个15分钟的英语阅读教学活动。教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：·teachingobjectives·teachingcontents·keyanddifficultpoints·majorstepsandtimeallocation·activitiesandjustifications教学时间：15分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学初中二年级第一学期学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》三级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：Who′sGotTalentEveryoneisgoodatsomething,butsomepeoplearetrulytalented.It′salwaysinterestingtowatchotherpeopleshowtheirtalents.Talentshowsaregettingmoreandmorepopular.First,therewereshowslikeAmericanIdolandAmerica′sGotTalent.Now，therearesimilarshowsaroundtheworld,suchasChina′sGotTalent.【答案】TeachingContents:Thepassageisaboutthehotprogramsoftalentshows,thetrendoftheseshowsandpeople'sopinionsofthesetalentshows.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanknowsomebasicinformationabouttalentshowsandmastertheusageofthesuperlatives.(2)Abilityobjectives①Studentscanimprovetheirreadingandspeakingabilities.②Studentscanlearntotalkaboutthetalentshowsandusethesuperlativescorrectly.(3)EmotionalobjectiveStudentscanbemoreconfidenttotalkwithothersandlearntofindsomeshiningpointsofothers.TeachingKeyPoints:Howtoimproveshudents'readingabilitiesandhelpthemtohaveabetterunderstandingoftalentshows.TeachingDifficultPoints:Howtoapplythesuperlativestotallaboutthingsandcommunicatewithotherscorrectly.MajorSteps:六、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。简述形成性评价的概念及目的，并列举其中的一种评价方式。【答案】(1)形成性评价是指在教学活动过程中，评价活动本身效果，用以调节活动过程，保证目标的实现而进行的评价，是为指导教学过程顺利进行而对学生在学习过程中使用所学知识进行学习活动的情况的评价。形成性评价的主要目的不是为了选拔优秀学生，而是为了发现每个学生的学习潜能，促进学生的学习，并为教师提供教学反馈，它是一种双向活动、引发学生真实行为表现的活动。形成性评价重视从学生的日常表现中提取信息，通过收集学生日常学习的情况和学习需要，随时调整教学内容和方法，从而提高课堂教学效率。(2)成长记录袋是形成性评价中的一种重要的评价方式。它是以档案袋为依据而对评价对象进行的客观综合性评价，主要是指收集学生自己认为能够证明自己学习进步、创新精神和知识技能的成果，可以包括计划、中间过程的草稿、最终的成果以及教师的评价等相关的资料，以此来评价学生学习和进步的状况。七、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。下面是某初中教师的课堂教学片段。(TaskedSstomakesentencesaccordingtotheinformationontheBb.)T:Now,let′slookattheblackboardandmakesentences.Isay"Idon′thaveabasketball"andyousay"Ourteacherdoesn′thaveabasketball".Isay"Ihaveavolleyball"andyousay"Ourteacherhasavolleyball".LiXing,makethethirdsentence...(TwrotesentencesontheBb.)LiXing:Tomhaveatennisracket.T:IsitcorrectNo,weshouldsayitlikethis"Tomhasatennisracket".Wedon′tput"have"after"He,She,Tom,Lucy".Weshouldsay"Hehas...,Shehas...,Tomhas...,Lucyhas...".(TwrotethewrongsentenceontheBbandcorrectedit.)T:Nextone,LiLei,please.LiLei:Jimhasaping-pongball.T:Yes.(TwroteitontheBb.)Nextone,ZhangHong,please.ZhangH0ng:LiLeidon′thaveasoccerball.T:No,no,no.Wrongagain.WhatisthecorrectanswerSs:LiLeidoesn′thaveasoccerball.T:Yes.(TwrotethecorrectanswerontheBb.)【答案】(1)①学生在英语学习过程中缺少语言环境，受母语表达习惯影响。②与汉语不同，英语谓语动词需要随着时态、人称和数的变化而变化。(2)该教师采用了直接纠错法来纠正学生的错误，即学生出现语言错误时，教师对其错误予以正面纠正(说出正确的语言形式，并让学生改正)。(3)①在课堂教学过程中，特别是在提问的过程中，很多学生都缺乏自信，羞于开口说英语。针对学生回答错误的情况，教师应当以鼓励性评价为主，采用多种方法适时地纠错。通过表情、手势、语调等对学生的答案进行评价是教师课堂最常见的反馈形式之一。学生回答问题时谓语动词使用错误，教师最好不要马上否认学生，试着多次重复，并放慢语速，或者摆摆手、摇摇头等，启发学生自己发现错误并改正，并且在此过程中不失时机地给予学生积极强化，这样学生会记得更牢，自信心也不会受打击。②为了有效地纠正学生在英语课堂上出现的语言错误，就必须明确错误产生的原因，这样才能“对症下药”，进而进行有效的引导。教学片段中回答错误的学生主要是由于受母语的干扰，对于新的语言规则掌握不熟练。教师应该在纠正错误的基础上，指导学生掌握有效的学习策略，例如归纳学习、演绎学习、情境学习、认知强化练习等，从而达到“药到病除”的效果。八、根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。请说明精听与泛听的区别，并分别简述教师应该如何指导学生进行精听与泛听的训练。【答案】(1)精听与泛听的区别：精听(Carefullistening)是通过听课文，再把文章的内容感知一遍，同时可以加深对文章细节内容的深入了解。并且可以通过一些练习来检验昕的效果，如：FillinginBlanks／TrueorFalse／Questions／Forms。泛听(Extensivelistening)是让学生初步听材料并回答问题，让学生初步了解文章的主旨大意(mainidea)和基本信息(basicinformation)。例如：时间、地点、原因、方式等。(2)教师在指导学生进行精听训练时，要与语音、语法和词汇的学习相结合，可以与“听”“读”和“写”的技能训练相结合，还可以与社会、文化背景知识的学习相结合。在进行精听训练时，教师可以指导学生在反复多听的基础上完成一些辨音、填充缺失内容、听写的练习，之后还可以进行一些拓展练习，如总结听力材料中出现的语音现象、跟读或朗读内容、分析听力材料的文本结构和语言特点等。教师在指导学生进行泛听训练时，一定要严格要求学生，听力过程应该一气呵成，中间不能停顿或来回重复。在泛听训练中可以使用的听力练习包括：测试对听力内容是否理解的选择题、判断题，测试能否抓住重点词句的填空题，以及用自己的语言写出或口述出所听到的主要内容的练习等。完成这些练习后，教师要注意和学生及时总结，或和学生共同讨论泛听的策略，例如．如何根据上下文判断生词的含义、如何预测下文等。九、根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案。用英文作答。设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和素材，设计一个20分钟的阅读教学活动，教案没有固?定格式。但要包括以下几点：?teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications教学时间：20分钟?学生概况：某城镇普通初三年级第一学期学生，40人。多数学生已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》三级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：?TheDifficultSearchforAmericanGoodsintheUSIfyougotoanothercountry,whatkindsofthingswouldyoubuy?WouldyoubuyacamerainJapan,somebeautifulclothesinFrance,orawatchinSwitzerland?Nomatterwhatyoumaybuy,youmightthinkthoseproductsweremadeinthosecountries.However.youcouldbewrong.KangJianisa17-year-oldstudentfromShanghai.LastyearhewenttovisithisauntanduncleinSanFrancisco.Hefounditinterestingthatsomanyproductsinthelocalshopsweremade