Module+2+Unit+2+知识点 外研版英语九年级上册

Module

2

Public

holidaysUnit

2

We

have

celebrated

the

festival

since

the

first

pioneers

arrived

in

America.教材原句

It

is

a

time

for

a

special

dinner

among

family

and

friends.

感恩节是家人、朋友们共进特别晚餐的时刻。（教材P12）&1&

among／ə'mʌŋ／prep.在……之中辨

among与betweenamong强调在三者或三者以上的人或物之间，其宾语通常是表示笼统数量或具有复数意义或集合概念的名词或代词。between强调在两者之间,或用来指多个对象的每两个之间，常构成between...and...（在……和……之间）结构。▶Mr.

Li

is

very

popular

among

the

students.

李老师在学生中很受欢迎。（多者之间）▶You

can

decide

between

joining

the

dancing

club

and

going

to

the

chess

club.你可以在加入舞蹈俱乐部和去国际象棋俱乐部之间做决定。（选自安徽中考）语境串记The

foreign

teacher

is

among

the

students，and

the

girl

is

between

two

boys.

这个外教在学生之中，那个女孩在两个男孩之间。典例1

（东营中考）A

recent

study

in

Australia

shows

that

parents

are

___

the

top

five

world's

hardest

jobs.BA.between

B.among

C.from

D.above【解析】

句意：澳大利亚最近的一项研究表明，父母是世界上最难的五大工作之一。根据"the

top

five

world's

hardest

jobs"可知，此处表示"在三者或三者以上的对象之间"，应用among，故选B。教材原句

The

local

people，the

Native

Americans，taught

the

pioneers

how

to

grow

corn.

当地人，也就是美洲印第安人，教这些拓荒者怎么种植玉米。（教材P12）&2&

grow（过去式和过去分词分别是grew和grown）

／ɡrəʊ／v.种植，栽培（植物）▶Tom

makes

a

living

by

growing

roses.

汤姆以种植玫瑰为生。拓

grow的其他含义：不及物动词

意为"生长；成长；留长（头发或指甲）；增加"Rice

doesn't

grow

in

this

area.

水稻在这个地区不能生长。I

want

to

let

my

hair

grow.

我想把头发留起来。The

profits

of

this

company

grew

by

5%

last

year.这家公司的利润去年增加了5%。系动词意为"逐渐变得"The

sky

grew

dark.

天逐渐黑了。&3&

"疑问词+不定式"

结构的用法讲

"how

to

grow

corn"是"疑问词+不定式"结构，作taught的直接宾语。"疑问词+不定式"结构在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语等。▶How

to

prevent

water

pollution

is

a

big

problem.

如何防止水污染是一个大问题。（作主语）▶The

question

is

what

to

do

next.

问题是下一步干什么。（作表语）①They

didn't

know

how

to

get

to

the

museum.②They

didn't

know

how

they

could

get

to

the

museum.拓

"疑问词+不定式"结构可与宾语从句相互转换。▶他们不知道怎样能到达博物馆。教材原句

The

following

year

they

celebrated

together

by

eating

a

dinner

of

the

new

food.

第二年他们聚在一起品尝新收获的食物，一起庆祝（丰收）。（教材P12）&4&

following

／'fɒləʊɪŋ／adj.接着的；接下来的讲

作形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词year，其前有定冠词the。▶It

rained

on

the

day

we

arrived,

but

the

following

day

was

fine.

我们到的那天下雨了，但第二天（天气）很好。▶Please

answer

the

following

questions.

请回答下列问题。拓

follow作动词，意为"跟随；听从；效仿；理解"。▶Follow

me

please.

I'll

show

you

the

way.请跟我走，我将给你带路。▶I'll

follow

your

advice.

我会听从你的建议。▶I

can't

follow

him

because

he

speaks

fast.我听不懂他说什么，因为他说得很快。语境串记Please

follow

me

to

finish

the

following

activities.

请跟我完成下面的活动。&5&

by

prep.通过讲

by

eating是"介词+动词-ing"结构。其中by是介词，表示方法、方式和手段，后还可接名词。"by+名词/动词-ing"在句中作方式状语。▶Nowadays,

people

may

easily

connect

each

other

by

WeChat.

如今，人们可以很容易地通过微信联系彼此。（选自郴州中考）▶You

can

realize

your

dream

by

working

hard.

你可以通过努力学习来实现梦想。教材原句

We

lay

the

table，and

then

before

we

begin

dinner，my

father

gives

thanks

for

the

food，so

we

remember

why

we

celebrate

the

festival.

我们摆放餐桌，然后在晚餐开始前，父亲为（得到）这些食物而感恩，这样我们就会记住为何要庆祝这个节日。（教材P12）▶John

was

laying

the

table.约翰正在摆放餐桌。▶We

want

our

hens

to

lay

more

eggs.

我们希望我们的母鸡下更多的蛋。&6&

lay

／leɪ／

v.

摆放（餐桌）讲

lay在此作及物动词，意为"摆放（餐桌）"。常用搭配：lay

the

table"摆放餐桌"，与set

the

table同义。lay还有"安放；搁；下（蛋）"之意。词义过去式过去分词现在分词lay摆放（餐桌）；下（蛋）laidlaidlayinglie躺；位于laylainlying说谎liedliedlying辨

lay与lie巧学妙记规则是撒谎（lie），不规则是躺（lie）；躺过就下蛋（lay），下蛋不规则。语境串记The

man

lying

there

lied

to

me,

saying

that

he

had

laid

the

money

on

the

table.那个躺在地上的男人对我撒谎，说他已经把钱放在桌子上了。典例2

（天津中考）Mum

asked

me

to

___

for

dinner.AA.lay

the

table

B.go

to

sleepC.keep

a

diary

D.take

a

vacation【解析】

句意：妈妈让我摆好桌子准备吃饭。lay

the

table"摆放餐桌"；go

to

sleep"去睡觉"；keep

a

diary"记日记"；take

a

vacation"去度假"。故选A。教材原句

When

it

is

all

over，everyone

helps

wash

the

dishes.

当一切都结束时，大家都帮着洗餐具。（教材P12）&7&

over

／'əʊvə／

adj.

完了的；结束的▶When

we

arrived,

the

meeting

was

over.

我们到达时会议已经结束了。拓

over也可作介词和副词。常见义项如下：副词落下，倒下Try

not

to

knock

the

vase

over.尽量别把花瓶碰倒了。副词再，又He

repeated

the

word

several

times

over.

他把这个单词重复了好几遍。完全覆盖（某人或某物）Cover

her

over

with

a

blanket.给她盖条毯子。介词通过，凭借I

talked

to

her

over

the

telephone.我通过电话和她交谈。介词在……上方Jane

held

the

umbrella

over

her

head.简把伞举在头上。超出I

have

lived

here

over

ten

years.

我住在这里十年多了。续表&8&

dish

／dɪʃ／

n.盘；碟讲

作可数名词，the

dishes意为"（待清洗的）餐具"。常用结构：do/wash

the

dishes"洗餐具"。▶You

have

to

do

the

dishes

before

you

go.

你走之前，得把餐具洗了。拓

dish作可数名词，还可意为"一道菜；菜肴"。▶This

dish

tastes

really

nice.

这道菜味道确实不错。教材原句

During

the

festival，there

are

plenty

of

other

things

to

see

and

do.

在节日期间，有好多东西可看，有好多事可做。（教材P12）&9&

plenty

of充足的；大量的讲

相当于a

lot

of或lots

of。既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词。▶Make

sure

she

gets

plenty

of

fresh

air.要确保她多呼吸新鲜空气。▶We

have

plenty

of

eggs

to

make

a

cake.我们还有充足的鸡蛋做一个蛋糕。教材原句

Football

is

also

important

at

Thanksgiving，with

many

teams

playing

games.

橄榄球也是感恩节期间的一个重要项目，有很多球队（在这时）比赛。（教材P12）&10&

with+宾语+宾语补足语讲

"with

many

teams

playing

games"是"with+宾语+宾语补足语"结构，在句中作状语，其中动词-ing短语playing

games作宾语补足语。▶He

took

a

walk

in

the

park

with

the

dog

running

behind.他在公园里散步，狗在后面跑。①该结构在句中可作方式、结果、伴随、原因等状语，也可作后置定语。②宾语补足语可由形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。▶I

lay

in

bed

with

the

window

open.我开着窗躺在床上。▶He

is

lying

on

the

beach

with

a

book

in

his

hand.

他正躺在沙滩上，手中拿着一本书。▶I

can't

go

out

with

these

clothes

to

wash.因为要洗这些衣服，我无法出去。拓

"with+宾语+宾语补足语"结构的具体用法：教材原句

Like

many

Americans，we

usual