高考英语语法复习名词学案

高考语法考点名词一．名词的数集体名词:people,audience,staff,family,police,cattle不可数名词:information,furniture,equipment,advice单复同形：means,series,works工厂名词复数变化规则一般情况+s:displays,diagrams（2021年全国甲卷语法填空）Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand___49___(watchtower)tofakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheirdailyroutines.公【2020·浙江】Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe________(season),plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,makinguseofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.（2021年新高考全国1卷语法填空）Whatissobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheoutofthisworldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe____57____(human)are.公（2018高考全国卷I）Amerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall

(cause).模拟1.Fromthisexperience,I'velearnedwhenfacing______(challenge),weshouldfighthardinsteadofbeingdiscouragedorevengivingup.模拟2..Iamgladtosharemore________(detail)aboutmypassionformoonexplorationwithyou.模拟3.Nowadays,concertsheldinsportsstadiumaremon,anditseemsthateveryfew__________(year)thereisanewboybandtryingtobringbackthemagicoftheBeatles.s,x,ch,sh结尾+es:dishes【2018·浙江】FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese________(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+esActivityactivities活动Abilityabilities能力Enemyenemies敌人Scenerysceneries风景Countrycountries国家(2021·全国乙卷)(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)andacmodationsaimtohavealowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.模拟1：Anysmellmightattractnatural_______(enemy)thatwouldtrytoeatthelittlepanda.以f/fe结尾，变f/fe为v+es:shelfshelves;wifewives少数+s:beliefs以o结尾+s/esRadios,photos,Potatoes,tomatoes,heroes注意：物质名词表示个体概念时可数Windawind一阵风teaatea一杯茶抽象名词表示具体的人或事为可数名词Beauty–abeauty一位美人/一件美好的事物Successasuccess一个成功的人/一件成功的事fort–afort一个安慰Surpriseasurprise一个惊喜Shockashock一件震惊的事Amust一件必须的事(2021全国新高考I卷)Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis________musttovisit!模拟1.Hesuddenlyappearedonarainynight，whichwasgreatsurprisetous.模拟2.She

tried

to

make

her

children

live

in

fort

,

which

is

great

fort

to

her.专有名词有时可用作可数名词HowIwishtobeaNewton！我多想成为牛顿式的人啊！名词的修饰语修饰可数名词：few,afew,several,many,manya,agreatnumberof,acoupleof,more,morethanone,quiteafew,agreat/goodmany修饰不可数名词：little,alittle,much,agood/greatdealof,abitof,alargeamountof修饰可数/不可数名词：some,alotof,lotsof,plentyof,enough,most,amassof,massesof,all,quantitiesof,aquantityof二．名词所有格（1）单数名词的所有格，在词尾+’s:myfather’shat（2）复数名词的所有格以s/es结尾的复数名词+’:Teachers’Day不以s/es结尾的复数名词+’s:Children’sDay注意：名词坐定语与所有格作定语的区别名词作定语：用于说明被修饰词的材料，用途，时间，地点，内容，类比等：astudentteacher一位实习老师AstonebridgeAmeetingroom所有格作定语：说明与被修饰词之间的所有关系：astudent’steacher一位学生的老师(2022.新高考Ⅱ)Hesavedmy_________(son)life三．词性转换1.cy:accurateaccuracy准确性Fluentfluency流利Frequentfrequency频率2.tion/ion/ition:petepetition竞争Introduceintroduction介绍Educateeducation教育Attractattraction吸引力Connectconnection联系Pollutepollution污染3.–ment:developdevelopment发展Argueargument论点Achieveachievement成就Requirerequirement要求4ist:Sciencescientist科学家Specialspecialist专家–age:marrymarriage婚姻Shortshortage短缺Packpackage包裹–ibility/ity:responsibleresponsibility责任Popularpopularity受欢迎Ableability能力–ance/ence/ancy/ency:importantimportance重要性Existexistence存在Expectexpectancy期待Tendtendency趋势–th:longlength长度,growgrowth生长,truetruth事实,warmwarmth温暖–er/or/ant:employemployer雇主Laughlaughter笑声Directdirector经理Assistassistant助手–an/ian:historyhistorian历史学家Musicmusician音乐家–ness:awareawareness意识Carelesscarelessness疏忽大意–al:approveapproval同意Arrivearrival到达Survivesurvival生存–ure:exposeexposure暴露–ing:meanmeaning意思Understandunderstanding理解–dom/ship:wisewisdom智慧Freefreedom自由Membermembership会员资格16.ty:cruelcruelty残忍考点练习（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）ChineseNewYearisa61(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.2.（2021年浙江卷语法填空）In1844theyboughtitfor$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir___38___（marry）ceremonyin1842.公（2021高考全国甲卷)Itallowsthetravelertobeeeducatedabouttheareasbothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidemoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe____(develop)ofthelocalareas.公2.（2021高考全国乙卷）_____(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohikingandacmodationsaim______(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.3.（2020高考全国卷I）Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular______(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山)，moresothanthefamiliarnearside.4.(2020高考全国卷II)ChineseNewYearisa______(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.5.(2020高考全国卷III)Filledwith_____(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.6.（2019全国卷III）Whentheywerefreefromwork，theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting_______________(pete)towatch，togetherwiththestorybehindit.7.（2018高考全国卷I）Amerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall

(cause).(2018·高考浙江卷)MakingChinese(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.(2018·高考全国III卷)I’ma(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.(2017·高考北京卷)Thisswitchhasdecreased(pollute)inthecountry’smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.（2017全国卷）Itisgenerallyacceptedthat______boymustlearntostandupandfightlike____man.12.（2017全国卷II）Ashereached______frontdoor,Jacksaw______strangesight.13.（2017山东卷）Takeyourtimeit’sjust______shortdistancefromhereto_______restaurant.（2017浙江卷）Expertsthinkthat_______recentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybe______Picsso.（2017四川卷）Spence,headmasteroftheschool,toldus,“fifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.”二实战模拟thisexperience,I'velearnedwhenfacing______(challenge),weshouldfighthardinsteadofbeingdiscouragedorevengivingup.Jamesheardahuge_______(explode)outsidehisapartment.XiJinpingonTuesdaysigned_______ordertoawardfourpersonsthenationalmedalandhonorarytitle.smellmightattractnatural_______(enemy)thatwouldtrytoeatthelittlepanda.am_______shortvideocreator,withmorethan2millionfollowers.Weimademajor(achieve)intheCOVID19relatedbasicresearch.realityisthat,for_______majorityofus,cellphones,tablets,orTVsarethelastthingswelookatbeforewesleep.8.Ifthereisalotof_______(press)onyoutocreatesomethingmagnificent,itcanactuallythwart(阻挠)yourcreativeabilities.changescanmakeabig______(different)toyourhealth.10.Iamgladtosharemore________(detail)aboutmypassionformoonexplorationwithyou.11.Theplumtreesare______firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting.12.Don’tbelateforthe9:00meetingbecauseIamon_______tightscheduleandhavetocatchthe11:00train.13.Then,with______riseofscience,changesbegan.14.Onpublicholidays,generally______Sundaytimetableoperates.15.Corrado,atranslatorfortheArmyduringWWII,waskilledin_______actioninEurope.16.Theywerenotintheleastworriedaboutthe______(possible)thatsweetscouldrottheteeth.17.Thegirlkeptworkinghardandgained________(admit)totheworldfamousuniversity.18.Anyhowtheydidn’ttrustme,sotheydidn’tdeservea(an)______________(explain).19.Iexplainedthateachpersonhasdifferentideasofwhat___________(free)is.20.Thevillagewherehewasbornhaschangedbeyond(介词/超出)__________(re