寒假轻松衔接Unit+5+Into+the+wild+复习巩固-高一英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

复习巩固：（5）Unit5Intothewild——2023-2024学年高一英语外研版（2019）寒假轻松衔接一、填空题1.__________(fortunate),Iwon’tbeabletoattendthemeeting.2.Weareboundtoseesomeupsanddownsalongtheroadtoeconomic_____(recover).3.ThePeople'sRepublicofChina_____(found)onOctober1st,1949.4.Itisreportedthatthistownattractsmorethanthreemilliontourists_____(annual).5.The_____(solve)isnotperfectbutnoonecancomeupwithabetteroneatthemoment.6.Moreover,thesceneryalongtheriveris_____(amaze),withmanywell-knownsightseeingspots.7.Inordertoseethesunrise,theydetermined_____(set)offearlythenextmorning.8.Itisinspiringtoknowthatthepersonthatwehadlosttrackof_____(eventual)turnedup.9.Thenumberofwildanimalsintheworld_____(crash)byabout70%inthelast50years.10.Thescientificandtechnologicalprogressallowsonlineteaching_____(emerge).二、阅读理解Itisquitecleartome,basedonmyresearch,thattropical(热带的)insectsratherthanpolarbearscouldbeamongthefirstspeciestobecomeextinct(灭绝的)asaresultofglobalwarming.Insectsinthetropicsarealreadylivingatthelimitoftheirtemperaturerangeandanyfurtherincreasecouldquicklykillthemoff.Thiswouldbeamajordisasterfortropicalhabitats,whichrelyoninsectsforeverythingfrompollination(授粉)towastedisposal(处理).Wehavefoundthatariseinaveragetemperaturesinthetropicsofjust1℃or2℃couldbeenoughtobringaboutasignificantandharmfuleffectonthesurvivalofawidevarietyofimportantinsects.Fitnesslevelsmostlikelydeclinequicklyandtheremaynotbemuchwecandoaboutit.Manytropicalspeciescanonlyacceptanarrowrangeoftemperaturesbecausetheclimatetheyexperienceisprettysteadythroughouttheyear.Nowourstudyshowsthattheywillbeharmedbyrisingtemperaturesmorethanspeciesincoldclimates.Unfortunately,thetropicsalsoholdthelargemajorityofspeciesontheplanet.Weuseddailyandmonthlyglobaltemperaturesfromthe50-yearperiodbetween1950and2000andcomparedthemwithdatashowingthe"fitnesslevels"ofdifferentspecies."Fitness"wasdeterminedbyindicatorssuchaspopulationgrowthratesandphysicalperformancefordifferentcreatures.Wefoundthatevenmovingintotheshadedidnothelptheinsects.Thedirecteffectsofclimatechangeontheorganisms(生物)westudiedappeartodependalotmoreontheorganisms'flexibilitythanontheamountofwarmingintheareawheretheylived.Aswellasthedangertoinsects,theresearchconfirmsthattherewillbeotherconsequencesofglobalwarmingthatcouldalsohaveaseriousimpactontropicalregions,particularlyonfoodcrops.Ourresearchfocusedonlyontheimpactofchangesintemperature,butwarmingwillalsochangerainfallpatterns.Thesechangescouldbemoreimportantformanytropicalorganisms,suchasplants,buttheyarehardertopredict.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"inParagraph2referto?A.Globalwarming. B.Livinginthetropics.C.Killingpolarbearsoff. D.Insectsbecomingextinct.12.Whyaretropicalspeciesmorelikelyharmedbyclimatechange?A.Thefitnessofcropstheyfeedonisdeclining.B.Theycanhardlystanduptotemperaturechanges.C.Theirlivingenvironmenthasbeengreatlydamaged.D.Theamountofwarmingisnotsteadyinthetropics.13.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thesignificanceoftheresearch.B.Thechallengefacingtheresearchers.C.Predictionsabouttheimpactsofglobalwarming.D.Suggestionsonhowtopreservetropicalregions.14.Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?A.Tosolveaproblem. B.Togivepracticaladvice.C.Toreportacomingevent. D.Topresentaresearchresult.三、七选五

Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.①________

Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.

②________Weknowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing(加强)connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.

Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经元)inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.③________

Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.

④________Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.

IfTononi'stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanight’ssleep,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformation—ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.

Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapsesbecomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.

⑤________"Youkeepwhatmatters,"Tononisays.A.

Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.B.

It'sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmatters.C.

Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.D.

Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.E.

That'swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.F.

"Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,"saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.G.

Tononi'steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.

答案以及解析一、填空题1.答案：Unfortunately

解析：句意:很遗憾我不能参加这次会议。副词Unfortunately位于句首做状语。故填Unfortunately。2.答案：recovery

解析：句意:在经济复苏的道路上,我们一定会经历一些波折。此处作介词to的宾语,应用名词。故填recovery。3.答案：wasfounded

解析：句意:中华人民共和国于1949年10月1日成立。主语与谓语动词是被动关系,由时间状语可知此处为一般过去时。故填wasfounded。4.答案：annually解析：考查副词。句意:据报道,这个城镇每年吸引三百多万游客。本空修饰动词attracts,故应用副词作状语。故填annually。5.答案：solution解析：考查名词。句意:这个解决办法并不完美,但目前没有人能提出更好的解决办法了。本空在句中作主语,故应用名词形式。故填solution。6.答案：amazing解析：考查形容词。句意:此外,沿河的景色令人惊叹,有许多著名的观光景点。本空在句中作表语,且句子主语为thesceneryalongtheriver,再结合句意可知本空应用形容词amazing,意为"令人惊叹的"。故填amazing。7.答案：toset解析：考查不定式。句意:为了看日出,他们决定第二天早上早点出发。determinetodosth.意为"决定做某事"，故本空应用不定式作宾语。故填toset。8.答案：eventually解析：考查副词。句意:得知我们失去联系的那个人终于出现了,真是令人鼓舞。本空作状语,故应用副词形式。故填eventually。9.答案：hascrashed解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的50年里,世界上野生动物的数量下降了约70%。根据时间状语inthelast50years可知,本空应用现在完成时。thenumberof...表示"……的数量",作主语时,谓语动词用单数。故填hascrashed。10.答案：toemerge

解析：句意:科学与技术的进步使得网络教学出现了。allowsb./sth.todosth.允许......做某事。故填toemerge。二、阅读理解11.答案：D解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的"Insectsinthetropicsare...towastedisposal.(热带地区的昆虫已经生活在其温度范围的极限,任何进一步的温度升高都可能快速杀死它们。这将是热带栖息地的一场重大灾难,从授粉到废物处理,热带栖息地的一切都依赖昆虫。)"可知,热带栖息地的维护有赖于热带昆虫,因此热带昆虫的灭绝是热带栖息地的一场重大灾难,This指代"Insectsbecomingextinct(昆虫灭绝)"。故选D。12.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中"Wehavefoundthatarise...onthesurvivalofawidevarietyofimportantinsects."和第三段中"Manytropicalspeciescanonlyacceptanarrowrangeoftemperatures"可知,许多热带物种只能接受有限的温度范围,温度仅上升1℃或2℃就可能带来巨大灾难,说明热带物种几乎经不起温度的变化。故选B。13.答案：C解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段中"Aswellasthedangertoinsects,theresearchconfirms...havease