职称英语阅读理解、完形填空

职称英语考试技巧

针对职称英语考试中的第一部分词汇题，建议大家带一本同义词词典(双解词典)，

这类词典的特点是用几个同义词注解某一英文单词，大家可以非常方便地在注解中

找到答案。有了字典，又该如何查呢？经常听到有学员在答疑室中说：某某单词在

字典里查不到，其实不是字典里没有，而是他们不会查，最常见到的情况有两种：

第一种：分不清单词词性；如：

1.Beforeleavingthehouse,sheclosedthewindows.2.Sheisclosetosuccess.

两句话里都有close,但是词性不同，第一句话里的是动词，因为有形式上的变化

(-ed)；而第二句话里的close跟在is的后面，而且形式上没有变化，因此判断为形

容词。当寻找他们的同义词时，应针对不同的词性加以判断。

第二中：分不清划线单词是原形，现在分词或过去式：

如：Hersisterurgedhertoapplyforthejob.(P602)

A.advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised

如果去字典里查urged,当然是查不到的。

Ticketsarelimitedandwillbeallocatedtothosewhoapplyfirst.(P461)

A.postedB.SentC.handedD.Given

接下来，我们一起练几题，大家可以八仙过海各显神通，看谁做得又快又好！

1.Practicallyallanimalscommunicatethroughsounds.

A.ClearlyB.AlmostC.AbsolutelyD.Basically

2.Thestorywasverytouching.

A.InspiringB.BoringC.MovingD.absorbing

3.Youshouldhaveblendedthebutterwiththesugarthoroughly.

A.SpreadB.MixedC.BeatenD.covered

4.Iwon'ttoleratethatkindofbehaviour.

A.bearB.acceptC.admitD.take

5.Theindexisthegovernment/schiefgaugeoffutureeconomicactivity.

A.methodB.measureC.wayD.manner

阅读理解常用提问方式

1.有关主旨题的提问方式：

1）Themain（主要的）idea（思想，主意）ofthispassage（文章）is...

2）Whichofthefollowing（下歹U的）statements（句子）bestexpresses

（表达）themainideaofthepassage?

3）Thepassagemainlydiscusses（讨论）...

4）Thispassagemainlydealswith（涉及）...

5）Theauthor/spurpose（意图）inwritingthispassageis...

6）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.有关细节题的提问方式：

1）Somepeopledosth.because?

2）Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat.

3）What...?Which...?Who（Whom）...?When（Whattime）...

4）Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueexcept...?

Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentioned?

Whichofthefollowingismentioned?

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

3.有关词语释义题的提问方式：

1）Theword"...”inline（行）...refersto（指）...2）Inparagraph4/it"referto（means）

4.有关推理判断题的提问方式：

1）Itcanbeinferred（推断）fromthepassagethat

2）Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred?

3）Itcanbeconcluded（结论）fromthepassagethat

5.有关作者观点意图题的提问方式：

1）Theauthor'smain（主要的）purpose（目的）inthispassageis

2）Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassageis

3）Inthispassagetheauthor/sattitude（看法）couldbest..

4）Theauthor'smainthought（思想）isthat…

众所周知，阅读理解题的成败关乎到考试能否及格，所以一定要掌握好的解题

方法，在大家词汇量都不是很多的情况下，方法就显得极其重要！

阅读理解例题：

例一：LightNight,DarkStars

1.Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestepoutsidetogazeattheirnightsky.Ona

clearnight,withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificiallightstoblocktheview,peoplecan

seemorethan14,000starsinthesky,saysDennisWard,anastronomerwiththe

UniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch（UCAR）inBoulder,Colo.Butwhen

peoplearesurroundedbycitylights,hesays,they/reluckytosee150stars.

2.Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreat

distance,you/vewitnessedlightpollution.Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlights,office

buildings,signs,andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminatesthenightsky.This

hazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleonEarth.Evenatnight,bigcities

likeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,makingstargazingdifficulto

3.Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesandindustriesworsentheeffectsot

lightpollution."Ifonecityhasalotmorelightpollutionthananother,wWardsays,“that

citywillsuffertheeffectsoflightpollutiononamuchgreaterscale."

4.Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheirjobs.

5.Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark,ruralareas.Lightfrom

allthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuringtilefaintlightgivenoffbydistant

stars.Andifscientistscan'tlocatetheseobjects,theycan'tlearnmoreaboutthem.

6.Lightpollutiondoesn'tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlifetoo.It'sclear

thatartificiallightcallattractanimals,makingthemgooffcourse”.There'sincreasing

evidence.Forexample,thatmigratingbirdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheir

way,saysSydneyGauthreausJr.,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouth

Carolina."Whenlightoccursatnight,"hesays,“ithasaverydisruptive

influence.''Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowers,highrises,andcablesfromradioand

televisiontowers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope.BWhentheyareinalargecity.

CWhenthenightskyisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTrelatedtolightpollution?

AAhazeoflightformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsandbuildinglights.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceandilluminatethenightsky.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthenight.

DStargazingbecomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerofhazeintheair.

3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomerszwork?Whydoeshethinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights.

BNo.Becausetheycanstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudystarso

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclearnight

4.Howdoeslightpollutiotlaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbyartificiallightstogointocities.

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

5.WhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothetitlewLightNight,DarkStars”?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskyandmakestarsinvisible.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

先理解标题，推测文章内容：没有生词，明亮的夜晚，

LightNight,DarkStarso

昏暗的星空。只是看题目，还不易推测出文章的主要内容，因此，要快速浏览全文,

看能否找到出现频率较高的词或短语，它们有可能就是文章的核心！大家看到了我

用黑线标出了出现频率最多的短语：lightpollution.所以可以推测文章的内容和光污染

有关。接下来判断所给5题的题型，我们发现1至4都是细节题，因此只需要找到

关键词逐一回答即可。而第5题是主旨题，而且是最后一题，所以要等文章读完后

最后做。

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope当他们有一个非常不错的望远镜.

BWhentheyareinalargecity当他们在大城市时.

CWhenthenightskyisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificiallights当夜空中没有云、

月光和人造灯光时.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog当夜空没有阴霾和大雾时.

分析：关键词很容易找14000stars,在第一段出现了该词：

Thousandsofpeople（数以千计的人）aroundtheglobe（世界上）stepoutside（走

出去）togazeat（凝视）theirnightsky.Onaclear（晴朗的）night,withnoclouds,

moonlight,orartificial（人造的）lightstoblock（遮挡、挡住）theview,peoplecan

seemorethan14,000starsintheskv（答案C）,saysDennisWard,anastronomer（天文

学家）withtheUniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch（UCAR）inBoulder,

Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurrounded（被。。。包围）bycitylights,hesays,they/relucky

tosee150stars.

补充：请注意短语：beclearofsth:无阻碍、障碍、危险

如：Waituntiltheroadisclearoftrafficbeforecrossing.（等至!）路上没车时再过马路。）

2.Whichofthefollowingstatements（叙述）isNOTrelatedto（同。。。有关）light

pollution?

AAhazeoflightisformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlightsandbuildinglights（阴

霾的光是由人造光而形成的，如路灯和建筑物的光）.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceandilluminatethenightsky

来自于不同来源的光进入太空并照亮了夜空.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowingcitiesinthenight夜空由晚上

大城市发出的光照亮.

DStargazing（star+gazing观望星星）becomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerofhaze

intheair由于空气中有一层霾，所以观望星星变得困难.

分析：本题的关键词是lightpollution,而且按照题目的题号应该在文章的前面，所以

从第二段找找看：

Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreatdistance（答

案C）zyou/vewitnessed（见证、目睹）lightpollution.Itoccurswhenlightfrom

streetlights>officebuildingsysigns>andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminates

thenightsky（答案A,B表述）.Thishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleon

Earth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,making

stargazingdifficult（请注意这句话并不是答案D,他们不同，该句是说：甚至在晚上,

许多像纽约这样的大城市所产生的灯光使观望星星变得困难。）所以，D的表述同光

污染没有关联。

3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers/work?Whydoeshethinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights因为曾经黑暗的乡村地

区被光污染了.

BNo.BecausetheyCallstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomerstostudystars因为乡村

地区不是一个好的研究星星的地方。

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenonaclearnight

分析：题目是说：不断扩大的城市会影响天文学家的工作吗？为什么他会这样认为？

在A答案中我们可以看到线索词：polluted和lights.所以，根据阅读的规律，只要和

线索词有关的答案，多半就是最终答案。如果大家想检查答案是否正确的话，也可

以带着关键词astronomers去找答案：

Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheiriobs.

通过对句子的分析，排除答案B,D.留下A,C.在接下来的段落中可以对答案加以判

断：

Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbs（交B区）aregrowinginoncedark,ruralareas.Light

fromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuring（使。。。变得模糊）thefaint（微

弱的）lightgivenoffbydistantstars.Andifscientistscan'tlocate（确定。。。的位置）these

objects,theycan'tlearnmoreaboutthem.

总结：做阅读理解时大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心词，只要被选项中有核心

内容的出现就可以推测为正确答案！

4.Howdoeslightpollutionaffectwildlife?WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificiallights

由于受到人造光的吸引，动物们可能偏离航向.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbvartificiallightstoggintocities.

动物们可能会受到人造光的吸引而进入城市

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheirway.

夜间的人造光可能会使迁徙的鸟类们迷路

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

由于受到人造光的吸引，鸟类飞进有光的建筑物里。

分析：题目是说：光污染是如何影响野生动物？下列哪个说法不正确？

关键词就是wildlife,在最后一段里，可以找到内容：

Lightpollutiondoesn/tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlifetoo.It'sclearthat

artificiallightcallattractanimals,makingthemgooffcourse”（答案A）.There/sincreasing

evidence.Forexample,thatmigratingbirdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheir

way,saysSydneyGauthreausJr,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouth

Carolina."Whenlightoccursatnight,“hesays,“ithasaverydisruptive（破坏，性的）

influence（答案C）."Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowers（答案D）,highrises,and

cablesfromradioandtelevisiontowers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethis

wayeveryyear.所以，答案B并未提到。

5.Whichofthefollowingisclosest（最接近的）inmeaning（意思）tothetitle"Light

Night,DarkStars"?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack夜空是浅色的而星星是黑色的.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark

光显现在夜晚而在黑暗中人们看见星星.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskvandmakestarsinvisible

城市的灯光照亮了夜空而使得星星已经无法看见.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

夜晚的城市的灯光照亮了天空中的星星。

分析：本题是唯一的一道主旨题，所以需要纵观全文。通过我们对前4题的解答，

完全可以判断出文章的主题就是说：由于不断扩大的城市，越来越多的城市灯光，

已经成为一种污染，使得天空中的星星黯然失色，所以答案就是C。

例二：DecliningInterestinDevelopingForeignLanguageSkills

1.Australia'sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,voiceofAmericahasreported.New

figuresshowthatonly13percentofhighschoolgraduatescanspeakaforeignlanguage.

Butfourdecadesago,40percenthadforeignlanguageskills.

2.ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasinglystudentsdonot

feeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheircareer.ShebelievesthatAustralia's

economicboom,whichisdrivenbyred-hotdemandforitsminerals,ishelpingmask

seriousdeficienciesinitslanguageskills.

3.AustraliadoesbusinessverysuccessfullyinEnglishwithmostofitstradingpartners.

Butastheworld/seconomicpowershiftstoemergingregionssuchasAsia,itslanguage

gapcouldsoonbeexposed.Accordingtothenewfigures,lessthan6.5percentofhigh

schoolgraduatesareproficientinanAsianlanguage.Academicsworrythatthismeans

AustraliawillincreasinglybeisolatedfromitseconomicallyimportantAsianneighbors.

DilipDutta,fromtheeconomicsandbusinessfacultyatSydneyUniversity,sayslanguage

skillscanenhancetradingopportunities.IfAustralianswanttotradewithAsiancountries,

itisveryimportantforthemtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemtogetclosertothe

culture.

4.ButstudentshavedifferentopinionsaboutAsianlanguagelearningPippaMcCowage,a

22-year-oldAustralianstudent,saysmanyyoungAustralianshaveahalf-hearted

approachtoforeignlanguages,andthelanguagecurriculumisoftenweak."Whilewe're

encouragedinhighschooltolearnanotherlanguage,it'snotreallyapparenttomeasa

realisticexpectationthatyouwillhavetospeakit,“saidMcCowage."Forexample,I

learnedJapaneseinhighschool,whenIwentonanexchangeinYear10,Ifoundthatthe

JapanesestudentsofmyagehadamuchgreaterproficiencyinEnglishthanIdidin

Japanese.Sointhatsense,italmostdiscouragesyou.

5.Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia'smajorexportsgotoAsiaandtheAustralian

governmenthasbeenkeenondevelopingclosereconomicanddiplomatictieswithAsia.

Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomesoneoftheworld'seconomicpowerhouses,Australia

needstoimproveitslanguageskillsifitistotakefulladvantageofthebusiness

opportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

1.Howmuchpercentofhighschoolgraduateswereproficientinforeignlanguagesforty

yearsago?A.70.B)13.C)40.D)6.5.

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A)Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.

B)Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C)AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D)Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.D.Increasetradingopportunities.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernmentbeenkeenlyinterestedinstrengtheningtieswith

Asia?

A)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia'smajorexportsgo.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternationalaffairs.

5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby.

A)college.B)institute.C)university.D)department.

解题目：Declining衰退的Interest兴趣inDeveloping发展、开发Foreign

Language外语Skills技能，所以串在一起可以将之理解成：逐渐丧失提高外语技

能的兴趣。通过理解题目，我们可以推测一下，在文章中foreignlanguages和declining

interest应是核心词。

接下来，来看5道题的题目，对出题方式加以判断：1,3,4都是细节题，而2题是

推断题；5题是词语释义题。针对不同出题方式的题目要以不同的方法加以应对。

1.Howmuchpercent百分数ofhighschoolgraduates（高中毕业生）wereproficient

（精通的）inforeignlanguagesfortyyearsago（40年前）?

A）70.B）13.C）40.D）6.5.

分析：这是细节题,关键词：highschoolgraduates,fortyyearsagOo位于第一题的位

置，所以答案应该来源于第一段：

Australia/sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,VoiceofAmericahasreported.New

figures（数字）showthatonly13percentofhighschoolgraduatescanspeak

aforeignlanguage.Butfourdecades（一个decade是10年）ago（40年前），40

percenthadforeignlanguageskills（答案的出处）.

2.Whatcanbeinferred（推测出）fromparagraph2?

A）Australiahasrichdeposit.sofminerals.（澳大利亚行丰富的矿藏）

B）Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C）AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D）Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeignlanguage.

分析：题目中有infer,所以该题是推断题。因此，需要读第二段，寻找核心内容，

主要是要找到关键句：

ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,saysincreasinglystudentsdonot

feeltheneedtolearnanotherlanguagetoboosttheircareer.ShebelievesthatAustralia's

economicboom（经济的繁荣），whichisdriven（受到驱动）byred-hot（非常有活力

的）demand（要求）foritsminerals矿物（核心词），ishelpingmask掩盖serious

deficiencies不足initslanguageskills.

注意：一般发现A、B、C、D四个选项中，哪个选项出现中心词，一般该选项就是正

确答案。

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.D.Increasetradingopportunities.

分析：这是一道标准的细节题，中心词就是：DilipDuttao带着它，我们可以在第三

段里搜索到相关的语句：

DilipDutta,fromtheeconomiceandbusinessfacultyatSydneyUniversity,sayslanguage

skillscanenhancetradingopportunities（答案D出处！）.IFAustralianswanttotradewith

Asiancountries,itisveryimportantforthemtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelpthemto

getclosertotheculture.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernment（澳大利亚政府）beenkeenly（强烈地）

interestedinstrengthening（加强）ties（联系）withAsia（亚洲）?

A）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia'smajorexportsgo.

C）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheirholidays.

C）BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigroleininternationalaffairs.

分析：从题目的类型来说，一定是细节题，找到核心词：Australiangovernment,keenly

我们会发现核心词没有出现在第四段中，而在最后一段

interestedin,tieswithAsiao

中出现了：

Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia'smajorexports（主要的出口货物）eotoAsia

and（该词相当于s。,因果关系连词）theAustraliangovernmenthasbeenkeenon

developingcloser•（亲密的）economic（经济的）anddiplomatic（夕卜交的）tieswith

Asia（答案出处）.Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomesoneoftheworld'seconomic

powerhouses（支柱）,Australianeedstoimproveitslanguageskillsifitistotakefull

advantageofthebusinessopportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby.

A）college学院.B）institute学会、研究所C）university大学.D）department系.

分析：这是一道词语释义题。大家可以查字典，也可以根据单词出现的前后文来判

断：DilipDutta,fromtheeconomics（经济学）andbusiness（贸易）facultyatSydney

University,。。。因为后面有...university,因此自然想到是大学里的“系二

例三：OlderVolcanicEruptions

1.Volcanoesweremoredestructiveinancienthistory,notbecausetheywerebigger,but

becausethecarbondioxidetheyreleasedwipedoutlifegreaterease.

2.PaulWignallfromtheUniversityofLeedswasinvestigatingthelinkbetweenvolcanic

eruptionsandmassextinctions.Notallvolcaniceruptionskilledofflargenumbersof

animals,butallthemassextinctionsoverthepast300millionyearscoincidedwithhuge

formationsofvolcanicrock.Tohissurprise,theolderthemassivevolcaniceruptionswere,

themoremoredamagetheyseemedtodo.Hecalculatedthe“killingefficiency”for

thesevolcanoesbycomparingtheproportionoflifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeof

lavathattheyproduced.Hefoundthatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswereatleast10times

aseffectiveatwipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.

3.ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250millionyearsago,ismarked

byfloodsofvolcanicrockinSiberiathatcoveranarearoughlythesizeofwesternEurope.

Thosevolcanoesarethoughttohavepumpedoutabout10gigatonnesofcarbonas

carbondioxide.Theglobalwarmingthatfollowedwipedout80percentofallmarine

generaatthetime,andittook5millionyearsfortheplanettorecover.Yet60million

yearsago,therewasanotherhugeamountofvolcanicactivityandglobalwarmingbutno

massextinction.Someanimalsdiddisappearbutthingsreturnedtonormalwithinten

thousandsofyears./zThemostrecentoneshardlyhaveaneffectatall,“Wignallsays.He

ignoredtheextinctionwhichwipedoutthedinosaurs65millionyearsago,becausemany

scientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofanasteroid.Hethinksthat

oldervolcanoeshadmorekillingpowerbecausemorerecentlifeformswerebetter

adaptedtodealingwithincreasedlevelsofCO2.

4.VincentCourtillot,directoroftheparisGeophysicalInstituteinFrance,saysthat

WignalKsideaisprovocative.Buthesaysitisincrediblyhardtodothesesortsof

calculations.Hepointsoutthatthekillingpowerofvolcaniceruptionsdependsonhow

longtheylasted.Anditisimpossibletotellwhetherthehugeblastslastedforthousands

ormillionsofyears.Healsoaddsthatitisdifficulttoestimatehowmuchlavaprehistoric

volcanoesproduced,andthatlavavolumemaynotnecessarilycorrespondtocarbon

dioxideemissions.

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecentones?

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.D.Becausetheywerehotter.

2.HowdidWignallcalculatethekillingpowerofthoseoldervolcaniceruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.

C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.

D.Bycomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflavaproduced.

3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?

A）300millionyearsago.B）250millionyearsago.

C）60millionyearsago.D）65millionyearsago

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3concerningdinosaurs?

A）Theywerekilledoffbyanasteroid.B）Theydiedofdrasticclimatechange.

C）Theywerewipedoffbyavolcaniceruption.

D）Thecauseoftheirextinctionhasremainedacontroversialissue.

5.Whatisthemainthesisofthearticle?

A）Volcaniceruptionsarenotalwaysdeadly.

B）Oldervolcaniceruptionsweremoredestructive.

C）Carbondioxideemissionsoftengiverisetoglobalwarming.

D）Itisnoteasytocalculatethekillingpowerofavolcaniceruption.

解标题:OlderVolcanic（火山的）Eruptions（喷发）

本文讲的是远古火山喷发，所以oldervolcaniceruptions应是核心词。

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmorerecentones?（为什么远

古火山喷发比近期喷发损害更大？）

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.D.Becausetheywerehotter.

分析：细节题。第一题，一般在开头段落寻找答案。

Volcanoesweremoredestructive（更具有破坏性的）inancienthistory（在古代的劳历

史中），notbecause（不是因为）theywerebigger,butbecause（而是因为）thecarbon

dioxide（二氧化碳）theyreleased（他们所释放的，定语修饰前面的thecarbondioxide）

wipedout擦去、抹去life生命greaterease（更容易）.

句子是说：古代的火山更具杀伤力，不是因为它们更大，而是因为它们释放出来的

二氧化碳更容易把人杀死。所以答案A表述的内容同本段相符。

2.How（如何,询问方式）didWignallcalculate（计算）thekillingpower（杀伤力）

ofthoseoldervolcaniceruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.通过估计他们持续多长时间。

B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.通过数死去的恐龙的的数量

C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.通过研究熔岩的化学构成。

D.Bycomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththevolumeoflavaproduced.通过

比较火山释放出的熔岩的体积与杀死生命的比例。

分析：毫无疑问这是细节题，核心词就是人名：WignalL

PaulWignall（核心词出现了，接下来的内容请大家注意了！！！）fromtheUniversityof

Leedswasinvestigatingthelinkbetweenvolcaniceruptionsandmassextinctions.Notall

volcaniceruptionskilledofflargenumbersofanimals,butallthemassextinctionsover

thepast300millionyearscoincidedwithhugeformationsofvolcanicrock.Tohissurprise,

theolderthemassivevolcaniceruptionswere,themoredamagetheyseemedtodo.

He弋指Wignall）calculatedthe“killingefficiency（功效）forthesevolcanoesby

comparing（比较）theproportion（比例）oflifetheykilledoffwiththevolumeoflava

（熔岩）thattheyproduced.（答案出处！）Hefoundthatsizeforsize,oldereruptionswere

atleast10timesaseffectiveatwipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.

3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?恐龙什么时候灭绝的？

A）300millionyearsago.B）250millionyearsago.

C）60millionyearsago.D）65millionyearsago

分析：这是标准的细节题，核心词：dinosaursbecomeextincto而且这题的特点就是

数字，所以在接下来的段落中大家要用笔标出所见到的数字加以判断！

ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250millionyearsago（答案B,但

和dinosaursbecomeextinct没有关系，不是答案!）,ismarkedbyfloodsofvolcanicrock

inSiberiathatcoveranarearoughlythesizeofwesternEurope.Thosevolcanoesare

thoughttohavepumpedoutabout10gigatonnesofcarbonascarbondioxide.Theglobal

warmingthatfollowedwipedout80percentofallmarinegeneraatthetime,andittook

5millionyearsfortheplanettorecover.Yet60millionyearsago（答案C,但和dinosaurs

becomeextinct没有关系，不是答案！），therewasanotherhugeamountofvolcanic

activityandglobalwarmingbutnomassextinction.Someanimalsdiddisappearbut

thingsreturnedtonormalwithintenthousandsofyears."Themostrecentoneshardly

haveaneffectatall/Wignallsays.Heignoredtheextinction（该词是extinct的同根词,

所以含义应是一样的！）whichwipedoutthedinosaurs（核心词露面了！）65million

yearsago（这是答案D,所以这就是我们所要找的！！！），becausemanyscientistsbelieve

itwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofanasteroid.Hethinksthatoldervolcanoeshad

morekillingpowerbecausemorerecentlifeformswerebetteradaptedtodealingwith

increasedlevelsofCO2.

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3concerning（关于、涉及至U）dinosaurs?

A）Theywerekilledoffbyanasteroid（小行星）.

B）Theydiedof（死于）drastic（急剧的）climatechange.

C）Theywerewipedoffbyavolcaniceruption.

D）Thecauseoftheirextinctionhasremainedacontroversial（有争议的）issue.

分析：题目就告诉我们这是一道推断题，是第三段。这是一道比较难的题目。需要

大家要读懂句子，还要有推理能力：

相关的句子：“Themostrecentoneshardlyhaveaneffectatall,"Wignallsays.Heignored

（忽略、忽视）theextinctionwhichwipedoutthedinosaurs65millionyearsago,

becausemanyscientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofanasteroid.He

thinksthatoldervolcanoeshadmorekillingpowerbecausemorerecentlifeformswere

betteradaptedto（更好的适应）dealingwithincreasedlevelsofC02.

主要句子是说：Wignall忽略了6千5百万年前恐龙的灭绝是否跟火山爆发有关，而

其他很多科学家都认为恐龙的灭绝是受一颗小行星的影响。这就可以说明科学家们

关于恐龙灭绝的原因是由争议的，因此选择D。

5.Whatisthemainthesisofthearticle?（文章的主要论点是什么？）

A）Volcaniceruptionsarenotalwaysdeadly.

B）Oldervolcaniceruptionsweremoredestructive.

C）Carbondioxideemissionsoftengiverisetoglobalwarming.

D）Itisnoteasytocalculatethekillingpowerofavolcaniceruption.

分析：通过题目分析这是一道主旨题。相当于在文章里寻找中心句。其实文章第一

段就是中心：Volcanoesweremoredestructiveinancienthistory,notbecausetheywere

bigger,butbecauset