江苏省南京市鼓楼区2023-2024高一上学期期中英语试卷及答案

江苏省南京市鼓楼区2023-2024学年高一上学期英语期中试卷全卷满分：150分考试时间：120分钟2023.11第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。AExergamingExergamingismadeupofexercisewithvideogames.Andtherearelotstochoosefrom.DanceDanceRevolution(DDR)isafunwaytoworkout.Simplystandonaplatformandhitthecolouredtargetswithyourfeetasyoufollowtheinstructionsonthescreen.Youscorepointsbyhittingtherighttargetattherighttime.Asthetagline(标语)says,“Takingdancingtoawholenewlevel!”Foragentlerformofexercise,trythe“WiiFit”seriesofgames.Youcandoyoga,strengthtrainingandsoonwhenstandingonabalanceboard.Personaliseyourworkout,orexercisewithafriend,competingingames!Anti-shoesAnti-shoesaredesignedtoexercisepartsofyourbodywhileyou’rewalking.They’remeanttoimproveyourfigure,andstrengthenyourlegandbackmuscles.TheshoeswereinventedbySwissengineerKarlMaller.HediscoveredthattheKenyanMasaitribespeople(whooftenwalkbarefoot)don’tsufferfrombackpainandarefamousfortheirperfectfigure.So,hedecidedthattheanswerwasashoewithacurvedsole(弯曲的鞋底).Walkingonthistypeofshoeissimilartotherockingmoveofafootwalkingonsoftsandorgrass.ZumbaZumbaisafunformofexercise.Astheirtaglinesays,“Droptheworkout,jointheparty!”ZumbaisaLatin-inspiredfitnessdanceprogrammethatuseship-hop,samba,martialartsandbellydancemovestogetyouinshape.ItwascreatedbyaccidentwhenatrainerforgothisexerciseCDandusedhisownsambamusicinstead.Therearelotsofdifferenttypesofclassesforalllevels,including“Zumbatomic”forchildrenaged4to12,“ZumbaGold”forolderparticipants,and“AquaZumba”amongmanyothers.21.Ifyouwanttoreduceyourbackpain,youcanchoose____________.A.DDR B.WiiFit C.Anti-shoes D.Zumba 22.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Youcanplay“WiiFit”gamesonaplatform.B.Zumbaistoodifficultfortheelderlytodance.C.Playinggamesalsohasgoodeffectsonhealth.D.Zumbaisacombinationofmanytypesofdance.23.Thetargetreadersofthepassagearethosewho____________.A.areinterestedinhiking B.liketryingnewkindsofexercise C.likeplayingvideogames D.wanttoimprovedancingskills BOncewhenIwasfour,Momattackedakeyholewithapapertowel,wipingaspiderout.“Stop!”Ishouted,“She’ssomebody’smother!”Ibelievepeopleshouldn’tharmotherlivingthingsandthateventhetiniestcreaturesmustbehonored.Onesummerday,MomandIplantedagrapevine(葡萄树)intheyard.Bytheendofthesummer,thelongestbrancheshadspreadoverthewall.Thenoneday,asIwaswatering,themostmagicalthinghappened.AbeautifulmidnightbluebuglandedonmywhiteT-shirtjustbelowtheshoulder.“Hello,prettyone,”Iwhispered.Shedidn’tmove.BeautifulwingsspreadintoaYshape.Shestucktomyshirt,unwillingtoflyaway.Everwhensheleft,Iwasstillexcited.Thatevening,ItoldMomwhathadhappened.“Itwasamazing.”Momsaid.Onemorning,weekslater,Iwenttofeedmyturtles.Inthepurplelightofdawn,thegrapeleavesappearedbrownandlacy(网眼状的).Somethingwaswrongwithmyvine!IranintomyMom.Weturnedtoagardenernearbyforhelp.Hecalledtheculprit(罪魁祸首)theWesterngrapeleafmoth,whofeedsontheleavesinhercaterpillar(毛毛虫)stage.Iwasshocked.Themothhadlaidtheeggs.Herbabiesweredestroyingmyvine!Bacillusthuringiersis,aproductwidelyusedbygrapegrowers,wasrecommendedforexterminatingthemoths. Ihadintendedtousetheliquid,untilIreadthewarninginstructions.“Mom,wecan’tdothis.Thepoorbugs!”Shenodded.Thenextafternoon,Ihadanidea.Igotajarandcuppeditoverthemoths,cuttingofftheleaftheylayon.“IknowwhereI’lltakeyou.”Iwhispered.Thenextmorning.Irodeabustothedesert.Iplacedthejarnearsomebushesandopenedit“Besafe,”Isaid.Itwasmywishforthem.Backhome,thecaterpillarscontinuedtheirwork.Icutofftheleavesandplacedtheminbags.Theywenttothedesertaswell.Couldthedeserthandlethem?Iwondered.WasIdoingtherightthing?WouldIhavetocontinuethisfortherestofmylife?Sure.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Thebugwasfondoftheauthor. B.Theauthorwasafraidofthebug. C.Theauthorwasfriendlytothebug. D.Motherwasconcernedaboutthebug. 25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exterminating”inparagraph4mean?A.Killing B.Seeking. C.Protecting. D.Frightening, 26.Whatcanbeimpliedinthelastparagraph?A.Theauthordoubtedifhedidtherightthing.B.Theauthorwouldcontinuetoprotectcreatures.C.Theauthorwasunwillingtosetthebugsfree.D.Theauthorwouldkeepcuttingleavesforhisvine.27.What’sthethemeofthestory?A.Caringforplantsneedswisdom. B.Motherbugs’loveforherbabies. C.Creaturesshouldbetreatedequally. D.Relationshipbetweenhumanandnature. CWearelearningmoreandmoreeverydayaboutjusthowsmartsomeanimalsare:monkeys,somespeciesofbirds,dogs,cats.Buthowaboutotheranimals?Snails?Mosquitos?Theysureseemlesssmart.Stillsmarterthanplants,though.Becauseitwouldbedifficulttoarguethatplantsareintelligent.Orwouldit?Inanewstudy,itwasshownthatplantssendoutsoundswhentheyaresad.Andthesesoundsareverydifferentdependingonwhethertheyhaverecentlybeencutorwhethertheydon’thaveenoughwater.Thesoundscan’tbeheardbyhumanears,astheyarebetween20and100kilohertz,whichisabovethebottomofhumanhearing(whichusuallyhastheupperlimitof15-17kilohertz).Thesearefantasticresults:plantsdon’tsufferinsilence;theyarescreamingwithpain.Thatisexactlywhatthepopularsciencepresshasbeendoing.Thereisnoevidencethattheyareheardbyanyonealthoughtheoretically(理论上)someanimals----bats,moths,mice----couldactuallyhearitastheirearsaresensitivetotheplantsounds.Anditcouldverywellbeabyproduct(副产品)ofthephysicalconditionoftheseplants:lesswaterinthesystemleadstomoreairbubbles(气泡)inplants,whichleadstothesoundofthepoppingofthesebubbles.Isthisadisappointingexplanation?Idon’tthinkso.Theaimistounderstandwhyplantsdowhattheydo.Andtheresultsaboutthesoundscontributetothisbodyofknowledge.Theycouldevenleadtobetterwaysofcontrollingtheneedsofplantsingardeningbysoundobservation.Allofthisistrueeveniftheplantsdon’tstrictly“cry”or“scream”.Whyareweunabletohearthesoundsofplants?Becausetheyareimaginedbyhumans.Becausetheygobeyondhumanhearing.Becauseplantsdon’tactuallygiveoffsounds.Becauseplantsarenotasintelligentasanimals.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?Plantskeepsilentevenwhentheysuffer.Waterintheplantssendsoffdifferentsounds.C.Theplantsoundsmightshowtheirfeelingsorneeds.D.Thestudyaimstocontroltheneedsandfeelingsofplants.30.Whydoestheauthorconsidertheexplanationacceptable?A.Becauseplantsdon’tactually“cry”or“scream”.B.Becausetheresultsprovetheirknowledgeofplants.C.Becausetheresultsshowthat-plantsunderstandwhattheydo.D.Becauseplants’demandscouldbemetbyobservingtheirsounds.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Plantssufferinsilence B.Plants“cry”inpain C.Plants“scream”withjoy D.Plantsneedattention DSeattle’spublicschoolsystemonFridayfiledalawsuit(起诉)againstseveralBigTechcompanies,includingFacebook,TikTok,SnapchatandYouTube,claiming(声称)thattheirplatformshaveanegativeinfluenceonstudents’mentalhealthandtheabilityofitsschoolstocompletetheireducationaltasks.Theschooldistrict,whichisthelargestinthestateofWashingtonwithnearly50,000students,claimedthatinordertoincreasetheirincome,thecompanieshavesuccessfullytakenadvantageofthevulnerable(易受影响的)brainsofyouthtolengthenthetimeusersspendontheirplatforms.Theactiontakenbytheplatformshasbeenakeyfactorincausingyouthmentalhealthproblems,whichhasbeenmarkedbymoreandmoreyouthstrugglingwithanxiety,depression,thoughtsofself-harmandsoon.Asisvisible(可见的),studentsexperiencinganxiety,depression,andothermentalhealthproblemsperformworseinschool,andarelesslikelytoattendschool,morelikelytotakedrugs.Thedistrictcontinuestotakeadditionalstepstotrainteachersandscreenstudentsformentalhealthsymptoms(症状)whomayneedfurthersupport,butitneedsanall-rounded,long-termplanhelpingwiththegrowingmentalhealthproblems.Whileagrowingnumberoffamilieshavefiledlawsuitsagainstsocialmediacompaniesfortheirnegativeinfluenceonthementalhealthoftheirchildren,it’sunusualtoseeaschooldistricttakesuchastep.TikTok,whichhasfacedpressurefromlawmakerforitspotentialeffectonyoungerusers,announcedinJulythatitwouldintroducenewwaystofilterout(过滤掉)potentiallyproblematicvideos.TikTokalsointroducedatoolthataimstohelppeopledecidehowmuchtimetheywanttospendontheapp.Snapchat,meanwhile,hasintroducedaparentguideaimedatonlinesecurity,makingparentsmoreawareofhowtheirteensusetheapp.Thatincludesmoreinformationaboutwhotheirkidshavebeentalkingtooverthelastweek,withoutgivingaway(泄露)thecontentofthoseconversations.WhydidSeattle’spublicschoolsystemfiledalawsuitagainstseveralBigTechcompanies?Theirstudent’mentalhealthhasbeenharmed.Theirteachers’teachingabilityhasbeeninfluenced.Theirstudents’academicperformancehasbeenworsened.Theirschools’abilitytocompleteteachingtaskshasbeenblocked.WhatcanweinferaboutthementalhealthproblemsofstudentsinSeattle?A.Theyareslightbutlasting. B.Theyareinvisibleandserious.C.Theyarerarebutdeadly. D.Theyarevariousandchallenging.34.WhatcanweconcludefromtheactiontakenbyTikTok?A.TikTokhasdonemoreharmthangoodtoyoungerusers.B.TikTokwillgiveawaychildren’sconversationstotheirparents.C.TikTokwillpaymoreattentiontotheonlinesecurityofyoungusers.D.TikTokhasintroducedaparentguidetofilteroutimpropervideos.35.What’sthesocialmediacompanies’attitudetodealingwiththelawsuit?A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Unconcerned. D.Ineffective. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyoueatisasimportantaswhatyoueatforkeepingagoodweight,preventingandcuringsomediseasesandlivingalongandhappylife.We’reallfamiliarwithourbiologicalclocksthatsendoutchemicalsignalsatcertaintimestohelpuswake,sleep,anddootheractivities.____36____Thatistosync(同步)ourconsumption(消耗)offoodwithchemicalreactionsinthebody.Accordingtotheseclocks,thebestwaytoeatistoconsumemoreenergyearlierinthedayandlessenergylaterintheday.Butourbodiesdesiretheopposite-morecaloriesattheendofthedayandfewerinthemorning.Thisisaproblemfromatimewhenhumans’foodsupplywasunreliableandstoringenergywasanadvantage.____37____Studiesinanimalsandhumanshaveconnecteditwithweightgain,diseasesandaging.Soweneedtochangethatfoodclockandeatinaway-moreearly,lessinter-thatallowsfoodpatternsinlinewithourbiologicalclocks.Whataretheguidingprinciples(原理)inthissystemofeating?Afewchangestotheseeatinghabitswillhelpsyncupourinternalsystems.TwoareespeciallyimportantLimityoureatingtowhenthesunshines-awindowofabout12hoursor,betteryet,fewer.____38____Eatmoreinthemorningandmiddayandlesslateron.Yourbodywillworkbestanditwillbehealthierifyoustorecaloriesinadvanceratherthansavethemuntillaterintheday,asmanyofusdo.Peopleshouldlearnhowtodothisdaytoday.____39____Ourbodieschangedependingonwhat’sgoingoninourlives,sowemayneedtochangewhenweeattobeatourbest.____40____Itwillhelppreventdiseasesandevencontroldiseases.Followingthisplancanresultinallkindsofimprovementstoyourqualityoflife:bettersleep,moreenergy--andjustoverallbetterhealth.Thatmeanscuttingoutnighttimefood.Hereisthesciencebehindyoureatinghabits.Whatbenefitscanwegetfromeatingthisway?Butwealsoshoulddefine“when”anotherway.Wealsohaveafoodclockwithasimilarpurpose.Todaythiskindoffoodclockhasnegativeeffectsonourhealth.Healthyfoodandregulareatinghabitscanhelpyoulivelonger.第三部分：语言应用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwaseatingbreakfastathomeinHampshireinMarchthisyear,scrollingthrough(滚动浏览)socialmediaonmyphone,whenastory___41___myeye.Itwasabouta9-year-olddog,Charlie,consideredasthe___42___inBritain.HehadbeeninarescuecenterinSomersetformorethan500days.I___43___thelink,andstraightaway,thesehuge,sadeyesstaredatme.Ifellinlovewithitatfirstsight.MyhusbandSamfelt___44___thesameway.We___45___ourtimewiththeapplication,andafewdayslater,wereceivedanemailaskingustovisithim.Wewere___46___.Beforewearrived,wedidn’tknowwhatto___47___.Wehadn’tbeentoldmuchaboutCharlie’scondition,but___48___hehadn’tbeenplacedwithanewownerforsolong,wethoughttheremightbeproblems.Butthedogthatraninwasfullof___49___andenergy.Hecamestraightovertous,quite___50___.HewaggedhistailandevenjumpedonSam’slapasifthey’dbeen___51___forever.Weweredelightedwhentheysaidwecouldtakehimhome.Charlieisadogwhoknowsexactlywhathewants,andthat’stobewithus___52___.Ifyougiveadoglove,they’llgiveyouanumberofwonderfulthings___53___.Nowwegetouteverydayonwalksandwe’remore___54___.He’salwayssohappytoseeuswhenwecomethroughthedoor.Wespoilhimandenjoyhis___55___somuch.CharliewasoncetheloneliestdoginBritain,buthe’snotaloneanymore.A.tricked B.hurt C.caught D.escaped A.cutest B.toughest C.smartest D.loneliest 43. A.searched B.clicked C.read D.kept 44. A.exactly B.partly C.properly D.especially 45. A.took B.wasted C.had D.killed 46. A.anxious B.stressed C.excited D.calm 47. A.exchange B.expect C.benefit D.measure 48. A.since B.unless C.though D.while 49. A.beauty B.confidence C.respect D.joy 50. A.angry B.careful C.friendly D.nervous 51. A.neighbors B.friends C.enemies D.strangers 52. A.originally B.before C.regularly D.forever 53. A.inturn B.inadvance C.inreturn D.inperson 54. A.active B.passive C.awkward D.independent 55. A.loneliness B.appearance C.loveliness D.company第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheGrandTangMallinXi’an,ShaanxiProvince,offersanamazingexperience(56)_____________transportsvisitorsbacktotheTangDynasty.(57)_____________setsthismodernplaceapartisaseriesofoutdooractivitiesfeaturing(58)_____________(culture)elementsfromtheTangDynastypresentedinamodernway.Withinatinyarea,amazingmusicalsanddance(59)_____________(performance)integratetraditionalandmodernelements,providing(60)_____________specialexperience.SinceJune,theseinteractiveevents(61)_____________(become)thecity’stourismhighlight,(62)_____________(attract)adailyaverageof300,000touriststotheGrandTangMall.In2018,theQujiangNewDistricttookontheall-roundedupgradetobreathenewlifeintothearea,(63)_____________includednotonlytherebuildingoffacilitiesbutalsotheintroductiontoactivities.InspiredbythefancyoftheTangDynasty,theGrandTangMallcontinuestocreatenewproductionsthatshowthepoetryandartshowsofthetimes._____________over20regularprograms,eachlasting10minutes,visitors(65)_____________(encourage)toarriveearlytosecureagoodviewofthesepopularshows.第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华，你校外教老师John在策划用短视频介绍中国高一学生校园生活，为此征求同学们的建议，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：提出建议；陈述理由；表达祝愿。注意：词数80左右；文章的开头以及结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。DearJohn,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Seanturnedtolookathisfather,whowasstandingconfidentlyonhisnewsailboat.Seanhateditthathecouldn’trememberallofthesailingterms（术语）andskillshisdadtaughthim.However,hepushedhimselftoask,expectinghisfather’sresponse.“Whichwayareweturning?”“We’recomingabout”hisfathersaidfirmly.“Thatmeansweareturningintothewild.Thatway.”Hisfathersaid,pointingtotherightsideoftheboat.“Timeforyoutomakeabowlineknot（单套结）!”Seanreachedforaropeandtriedhisbesttomakeone.Hisfatherhadtaughthimtheskilldozensoftimes,whichcouldnotonlyhelpmoor（停泊）theboatbutalsosaveeveryoneinemergency.Afterpractisingseveraltimes,hefinallyknewhowtodothiscorrectlyandquickly.Helookedbackathisfather,hopingforapraise.Buthisdadwaslookingupatthesail（帆）,notathim.Heuntiedtheknotanddroppedtheropeund