高一英语语法-名词性从句

任何一个领域的成功都要靠背诵！英语好的人都是靠“努力背诵”成功的PAGEPAGE4背诵让每一天的生活都充实快乐！优美的文字不断地洗涤着你心灵，不断地锻造着你的口才，不断地提升着你的自信，当然也不断地增加着你的考试能力！高一英语语法—名词性从句学案复习：1.从句：引导词+句子主句+从句=复合句（两个谓语）所有从句都用陈述句语序2.定语从句：先行词（名词、代词）+从句引导词：(whowhomthat(主宾表)whose)(whichthataswhose)(whenwherewhy=prep+which\whom)定语从句中无what;定语从句中所有引导词都做句子成分；定从中谓语动词的单复数由先行词决定的。3.定语从句—adj从句（主语，宾语，表语，同位语）—名词性从句（时间，地点，原因，条件，方式，目的，结果，比较，让步）状语从句从句;一、概述：名词性从句包括：宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句和同位语从句。语序为陈述语序。主语从句在句中做_________Thathewillcomeistrue.宾语从句在句中做_________Iknowthathewillcome.表语从句在句中做_________Thenewsisthathewillcome.同位语从句在句中做_________Thenewsthatshewillcomesurprisedus.二.引导词:1）从属连词that只引导，本身无意义，仅起引导作用,that+完整的陈述句。（引导宾语从句时可省,但是如果是并列的多个宾语从句,只能省第一个）Hesaid（that）hehadfinishedreadingthisnovelandthathewouldborrowanotherone.2）连接代词who,whom,what=allthat,which哪一个,whoever=anyonewho,whomeverwhatever=anythingwhich,whichever等，有意义，作成分Whoevercomesiswelcome.Whichfootballteamwillwinthematchishardtosay.3）连接副词where,when,how,whywhereverwheneverhowever等，有意义，在句中作状语Whenwewillgotherehasn’tbeendecided.4）从属连词if,whether（是否）Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.★引导主语从句和同位语从句，表语从句的引导词不可省略。Thathewaschosenpresidentmadeusveryhappy.WeheardthenewsthatourteamhadwonfirstprizeMysuggestionisthatweshouldsetoffearly.三、分类讲解：A.宾语从句：1.①vt+宾从②prep+宾从③be+adj（besure、beafraidthatbeawarethatbegladthat）④give\tell\ask\buy\showsbsth,explain\announcetosbsth,sharewithsbsth2.宾从中的时态和语序时态：主句为过去式，从句为过去的某种时态。（客观真理时，从句用一般现在时）HesaidthathecamefromBeijing.MrWangtoldusthattheearthIdon’tcareaboutwhetherhewillcome.Doyouknowwhatisthematter?3.注意：宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当有多个that引导的并列宾从，只有第一个that可省，其他的that不能省；Hesaid（that）hewasfromLondonandthathewasadoctor.（2）当that从句作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthanbefore.4.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句形式宾语make/find/feel/consider/thinkit+adj/n+that…Ithinkitnecessarythatwehavethemeeting．Wemakeitarulethatweshallgetupat5:00.★it指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用于这些表示心理活动的动词后，appreciateitifdepend、rely、countonitthat…seetoitthat…like/dislike/love/hateitwhenYoumaydependonitthatyourparentswillhelpyouwheneveryouneeditIlikeitintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldhelpme.IhateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabledYoumustseetoitthateverydoorisclosed.5.引导宾语从句表示“是否”时，只用whether不用if的情况：⑴主语从句Whetherhewillcomehasn’tbeenknown.、表语从句thequestioniswhetherhewillcome、同位语从句thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillcome。⑵宾语从句①介词+whether②whethertodo③whetherornot连在一起④Idoubtif\whether2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.3.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.4.Idon’tknow_______togo.B.表语从句：放在系动词\半系动词之后,引导词一般不省略。引导词有：thatwhetherwhowhomwhosewhatwhichwhenwherewhyhowasifasthoughItlooksasifitisgoingtorain.ThisiswhereLuXunoncelived.ThisiswhyshegotupsoearlythismorningChinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobeItremainstobeseenwhetherhewillpasstheexam.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathegotuplate.C.主语从句：一般在句首，主语较长时通常放在后面,主语用it代替，称为形式主语。引导词有：thatwhetherwhowhomwhosewhatwhichwhenwherewhyhow引导词不可省略。（whether\that不做成分，其余的做成分。）1.ThatheknowsJapaneseisknowntoall.=ItisknowntoallthatheknowsJapanese.2.Whenhewillcomeisunknown.3.Whatsurprisedmewashiswords.4.Whetherhewillcomehasn’tbeenknown.(不能换为if)注意：主语从句有时用“it”作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。Itisnecessary/important/obviousthat…有必要…/很重要/显然Itisknown/believed/said/reportedthat…人们知道/相信…/据说/据报道主语从句难点：whatever,whichever,whoever,wherever等代词引导的主语从句(可以高二讲)Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.违背法律的人将受到惩罚。=Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.Whateverhesaidatthemeetingencouragedus.他在会上说的每句话都鼓励了我们。=Anythingthathesaidatthemeetingencourageus.句式转换：1._______isreportedthatwecantakepartinthesportsmeeting.(It)2._______isreportedisthatwecantakepartinthesportsmeeting.(what)3.________isreported,wecantakepartinthesportsmeeting.(As)D.同位语从句：在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般放在如idea,news,fact,promise,suggestion,belief,truth等含有丰富内涵的词语后面，用来说明前面那个词的具体内容。一般说来，同位语从句多用that来作连接词，而且不能省略。也可用how,when,where等。Hegaveherapromisethathewouldcomebackaftertwomonths.ThenewsthatTomwonthematchistrue.Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?注意区分：1.如果是定语从句，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用。2.定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内容。29._______beatXiaoWangblackandblueisnotknown.A.WhomB.WhoeverC.WhoD.What30.____isnotknownyet.A.WhenshehasgoneB.WhereshehasgoneC.HowdidsheleaveD.Whydidshego31.___wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.Who32.Ithasbeenproved___eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.A.ifB.becauseC.whenD.that1-5BCDAC6-10BAABC11-14ABCCB15-20DCDAA21-30BACCCDCDCB31-32CD高一英语名词性从句练习1._____makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimagination.A.ThatB.What C.Who D.Which2.Expertsbelieve___peoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingwhenitisnecessary.A.why B.where C.thatD.what3.Donotletanyfailuresdiscourageyou,foryoucannevertell_____closeyoumaybetovictory.A.how B.that C.which D.where4.It’sgoodtoknow_____thedogswillbewellcaredforwhilewe’reaway.A.whatB.whose C.which D.that5.Itremainstobeseenthenewlyformedcommittee’spolicycanbeputintopractice.A.thatB.WhichC.whatD.whether6.______yousaidatthemeetingdescribesabrightfutureforthecompany.A.WhenB.HowC.WhatD.That7.IwanttotellyouisthedeeploveandrespectIhaveformyparents.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhetherD.What8.Policehavefoundappearstobethelostancientstatue.A.Which B.where C.how D.what9.Theonlywaytosucceedistohavetotalbelief__youarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield.A.how B.thatC.which D.whether10.______struckmemostinthemoviewasthefather’sdeeploveforhisson.A.ThatB.ItC.WhatD.Which11.Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisis______aboutseventy-onepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater. A.whyB.howC.becauseD.whether12.Itisbynomeansclearthepresidentcandotoendthestrike.A.howB.whichC.thatD.what13.Jerrydidnotregretgivingthecommentbutfelt______hecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.A.why B.how C.that D.whether14.Wepromise_____attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomeverAsmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose_____suitsyoubest.A.whateverB.whicheverC.wheneverD.wherever16.Itdoesn’tmatter_____youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.A.howB.whetherC.whatD.why17.Everyoneinthevillageisveryfriendly.Itdoesn’tmatter___youhavelivedthereforashortoralongtime.A.whyB.howC.whetherD.whenItdoesn’tmatter____youturnrightorleftatthecrossing。A.whetherB.howC.ifD.when19.Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim___hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.A.whetherB.whereC.whichD.that20.Thenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedfor_____hecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.A.whereverB.howeverC.whateverD.whicheverImadeapromisetomyself____thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.how22.Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon_____themeetingwouldbepostponed.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.how23.__________BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.A.Which B.What C.That D.Whom24.Thereisclearevidence_____themostdifficultfeelingofalltointerpretisbodilypain. A.what B.if C.how D.tha25.He’smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis__heneverfinishesanything.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.why26.We’veofferedherthejob,butIdon’tknow______she’llacceptit.A.where B.what C.whether D.which27.Thevillagershavealreadyknown______we’lldoistorebuildthebridge.A.this B.that C.what D.which28.Itwasneverclear_______themanhadn’treportedtheaccidentsooner.A.thatB.howC.whenD.why29.Ourteachersalwaystell