高考英语大一轮复习 Unit 5 The power of nature课时作业 新人教版选修试题

Unit5ThepowerofnatureⅠ.单项填空1．Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine______theoveruseofwaterinstudents’bathrooms.A．reducing B．toreduceC．reduced D．reduce解析考查非谓语动词。theonlyway有两个定语，一个是定语从句wecanimagine，另一个是toreduce...不定式作定语修饰theonlyway。答案B2．—______？—Thatwouldbegreat！Pleasedropmeoffatthelibrary.A．CouldyoubringmethebillB．WouldyoulikemetogiveyoualiftC．CouldyoutellmethepostcodeforParisD．Wouldyouliketohavemye­mailaddress解析考查口语交际。答句句意：那太好了！你在图书馆让我下车就好。根据句意可知B项正确。答案B3．Youcan’t______himintheknowledgeofwildplants.A．fit B．matchC．suit D．get解析句意：在野生植物知识方面，你无法与他相比。fit，match，suit，get这几个词中，只有match可以指在能力、水平上“与……相配”。答案B4．Mymotheralwaysgetsabit______ifwedon’tarrivewhenwesaywewill.A．anxious B．ashamedC．weak D．patient解析anxious“担心的”。句意：如果我们说回来，而没有按时回来，妈妈总是担心。答案A5．Wedon’twantto______himaschairmanofthemeeting.Heisnotfitfortheposition.A．consider B．pickC．refer D．appoint解析句意：我们不想任命他为会议的主席。他还不适合这个职位。consider认为；当作(considersb.assth.)；pick选择；挑选(picksth.fromsth.)；refer提交，委托(refersth.tosb.)；appoint委派，任命(appointsb.assth.)。根据题意可知答案。答案D6．Therescueteammadeevery______tofindthemissingmountainclimber.A．force B．energyC．effort D．possibility解析makeeveryeffort“尽一切努力”。句意：营救队尽一切努力寻找登山人员的失踪者。答案C7．Maryhadtaken______toseethatherguestshadeverythingthattheycouldpossiblywant.A．efforts B．painsC．attempts D．endeavours解析takepainstodosth.“下苦功夫做某事”。句意：玛丽尽力确保让她的客人们得到他们可能想要的东西。答案B8．Ifyouwantto______intheworld，youmustlearntoworkhardwhileyouarestillyoung.A．makemuchofyourself B．makethewayoutC．makeyouout D．makeyourway解析根据语境应是“如果你想成功”，故选D项。makeone’sway除了可表示“到(某地)，(向某地)走去”之外，还可表示“成功；有出息”。makemuchofsb.重视；makesth.out看清；辨认清楚；makesb.out看透；弄懂某人。答案D9．Overthepast20years，theInternethelpedchangeourworldin______wayoranotherforthebetter.A．any B．oneC．every D．either解析考查固定短语。inonewayoranother意思是“以某种方式”。答案B10．Toavoidbecomingfat，I’mtryingto______thechildren’sdietalittle.A．form B．varyC．assess D．suit解析vary是动词“变化，改变”。句意：为了避免增肥，我试着改变孩子的饮食。答案B11．Thetwobookshavealmostnothingincommon；they______greatlyfromeachother.A．vary B．differC．change D．tell解析vary与change表示“变化，改变”；differfrom表示“与……不同”；tellfrom表示“把……与……区分开来”。答案B12．Iappreciateyourhardwork，butIcannothavea______thatyou’llsurelygetpromoted.A．trust B．beliefC．faith D．guarantee解析guarantee“保证，确保”。句意：我很欣赏你的勤奋工作，但我不能保证你将一定能被提升。答案D13．He______andranasfastashecouldtosafety.A．paniced B．panickedC．topanic D．panicking解析句意：他惊慌起来，赶快跑到安全的地方。panic的过去式和过去分词是panicked；另外，空白处是句子的谓语，非谓语形式是不能选的。答案B14．Theyappointedhim______Ambassador______theUnitedNations.A．tobe；of B．as；toC．to；in D．to；to解析第一个空可为tobe或as，但第二个空必须是of，意为“联合国大使”，应为所属关系。故选A项。答案A15．Itisallagreedthatagoodeducationdoesn’t______agoodjob.A．guarantee B．resultC．depend D．swear解析句意：大家都一致认为受过良好的教育不能保证有一份好工作。guarantee保证。B项，结果，导致；C项，依靠，依赖；D项，发誓；这三项都不符合句意。答案AⅡ.完形填空I’msittinginaquietroomattheMillcroftHotel，apeacefulplacehiddenbackamongpinetreesaboutanhouroutofToronto.It’sjustpastnoon，lateJuly，andI’m__1__thedesperatesoundsofalife­or­death__2__goingonafewfeetaway.There’sasmall__3__burningoutthelastofitsshortlife’senergiesina(an)__4__toflythroughtheglassofthewindow.__5__，it’snotworking.Thegreateffortoffersnohopeforsurvival.Ironically(讽刺地)，thestruggleispartofthetrap.Itis__6__fortheflytotryhardenoughtosucceedin__7__throughtheglass.Thisflyisdoomed(注定失败)．Itwill__8__thereonthewindowsill.Acrosstheroom，tensteps__9__，thedoorisopen.Tensecondsofflyingtimeandthissmallcreaturecouldreachtheoutsideworldit__10__.Withonlyasmalleffortnowbeing__11__，itcouldbefreeofthisself­set__12__.Thebreakthroughpossibilityisthere.Itwouldbeso__13__.Whydoesn’ttheflytryanotherapproach，__14__dramaticallydifferent？Howdiditgetsolockedinontheidea__15__thisparticularrouteanddeterminedeffortofferthemostpromiseforsuccess?Nodoubtthiswaymakes__16__tothefly.Regrettably，it’sanideathatwillkillit.Tryingharderisn’tnecessarilythesolution__17__achievingmore.Itmaynotofferanyreal__18__forgettingwhatyouwantoutoflife.Sometimes，infact，it’sabigpartoftheproblem.Ifyou__19__yourhopesforabreakthroughontryingharderthanever，youmay__20__yourchancesforsuccess.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了“我”在旅馆里看到一只苍蝇不停地试图穿过玻璃飞出去，这无疑是在自杀。它完全可以从旁边开着的门飞走。“我”从这件事得到启发：人们在遇到困难的时候，不应冒昧地尝试，应该有所突破，才有机会获得成功。1.A.seeing B．cryingoutC．watching D．listeningto解析句意为：我听到了绝望的声音。listento“听到”。A、B、C三项均没有“听到”的意思。答案D2．A.struggle B．cryC．yell D．test解析struggle意为“挣扎，斗争”；cry意为“哭，喊叫”；yell意为“叫喊”；test意为“测试”。由第二段第四句中“thestruggleispartoftrap”的提示可知，此处应选用struggle。答案A3．A.bird B．flyC．insect D．worm解析bird意为“鸟”；fly意为“苍蝇”；insect意为“昆虫”；worm意为“爬虫”。由第二段第五句中的“theflytotryhardenoughtosucceedin...”可知，B项正确。答案B4．A.experience B．directionC．force D．attempt解析experience意为“经验，经历”；direction意为“方向”；force意为“武力”；attempt意为“尝试”。根据上下文语境可知，苍蝇正在尝试穿过玻璃飞出去。答案D5．A.Thus B．SoC．Although D．However解析thus意为“因而”；so意为“所以”；although意为“虽然”；however意为“然而”。句意为：虽然苍蝇不断地尝试穿过玻璃窗，然而并不奏效。前后两句是转折关系。答案D6．A.unusual B．likelyC．impossible D．common解析unusual“不同寻常的”；likely“可能的”；impossible“不可能的”；common“寻常的”。由常识可知，苍蝇是不可能成功穿过玻璃飞出去的。答案C7．A.digging B．breakingC．pushing D．jumping解析dig“挖掘”；break“打破”；push“推”；jump“跳”。短语breakthrough意为“突破，冲破”，符合语境。答案B8．A.kill B．dieC．lie D．stick解析kill“杀死”；die“死”；lie“撒谎，躺”；stick“粘贴”。由常识判断，如果苍蝇不断地撞击玻璃，就会死在那里。答案B9．A.away B．farC．near D．distant解析away“距离……远”；far“远的”；near“近的”；distant“远的”。away用在名词后，表示距离某地有多远，符合语境。答案A10．A.dreams B．thinksofC．misses D．longsfor解析dream“梦想”；thinkof“考虑”；miss“怀念，错过”；longfor“渴望”。句意为：只需十秒钟的飞行，这只苍蝇就能飞到外面它所渴望的世界。答案D11．A.done B．ownedC．wasted D．planned解析do“做，完成”；own“拥有”；waste“浪费”；plan“计划”。根据语境可知，它之前的努力都白费了，故C项符合语境。答案C12．A.aim B．trapC．net D．goal解析aim“目的，目标”；trap“陷阱”；net“网”；goal“目的”。由第二段第四句中的“thestruggleispartofthetrap”可知，trap符合语境，即自我设置的陷阱。答案B13．A.easy B．necessaryC．hard D．obvious解析easy“轻松的，容易的”；necessary“必要的”；hard“艰难的”；obvious“明显的”。句意为：突破的可能性就在那里，是那么简单。答案A14．A.attempt B．anythingC．struggle D．something解析something“某事，某物”，常用于肯定句；anything“任何事物”，常用于否定句和疑问句。在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中常用something。答案D15．A.that B．whatC．which D．where解析that可引导定语从句，也可引导名词性从句；what引导名词性从句；which引导形容词性从句；where可引导定语从句和状语从句。从句中不缺任何成分，且句中先行词是idea，所以其后要用that来引导同位语从句，对idea进行补充说明。答案A16．A.sense B．differenceC．effect D．effort解析sense“感觉，意识”，常和make构成短语，makesense意为“有意义”；difference“区别，不同”；effect“影响”；effort“努力”。句意为：毫无疑问，这种方法对这只苍蝇来说是有意义的。答案A17．A.of B．fromC．off D．to解析在solution的后面常跟to表示的不定式，是固定搭配。意为“解析法”。答案D18．A.advice B．supportC．hope D．power解析advice“建议”；support“支持，支撑”；hope“希望”；power“力量”。此处与最后一段中的“Ifyou________yourhopesfora．..”相照应，故用hope符合语境。答案C19．A.risk B．getC．make D．take解析risk“冒险，冒……的风险”；get“获得”；make“制作”；take“带走”。句意为：如果你冒险把你的希望放在比以往更艰难的突破上，你就可能有扼杀成功的机会。答案A20．A.fail B．killC．achieve D．fulfill解析fail“失败”；kill“杀死”；achieve“获得，达到”；fulfill“执行，履行”由语境可知，此处应用kill。答案BⅢ.阅读理解FormerIrishPresidentMaryRobinsonwasjustmakingapoliteconversationwithanEthiopian(埃塞俄比亚的)teenageraboutherweddingday.The16­year­oldhadalreadybeenmarriedforayear.“Shelookedatmewiththesaddesteyesandsaid，‘Ihadtodropoutofschool，’”Robinsonsaidinatelephoneinterview.“Thatconveyedtomethereality，”saidRobinson，thefirstwomantoserveasIreland’spresidentandformerU．N.HighCommissionerforHumanRights.“Herlife，asfarassheisconcerned，hadmoreorlessended.”Robinsonsaidkeepinggirlsinschoolwasoneofthemostimportantthingspolicymakerscoulddotoaddressthecomingchallengesofanever­increasingpopulation，predictedbytheUnitedNationstoreach7billionsoon.“Europeancountriesareconcernedaboutagingpopulations，butthisismuchlessofanissuethanthehugenumberofpeoplewhichwearegoingtoseeoverthenext40yearswhenthepopulationgoesfrom7billionto9billion，”shesaid.“Almostallofthatincreasewillbeinpoordevelopingcountries，sothatwehaveaverybigchallenge.”FamilyplanningexpertsworryinparticularaboutthefuturepopulationexplosioninSub­SaharanAfrica.InMay，theUnitedNationsprojectedtheworldpopulationwouldreach9.3billionin2050and10.1billionby2100.MuchofthatgrowthwillcomefromAfrica，wherethepopulationisgrowingat2.3percentayear—morethandoubleAsia’s1percentgrowthrate.Ifthatratestaysconsistent，whichisnotcertain，Africa’spopulationwillreach3.6billionby2100fromthepresent1billion.JoelCohen，aprofessorofpopulationstudiesatRockefellerUniversityandColumbiaUniversityinNewYork，saiduniversalsecondaryeducationofferedawaytoreducepopulationinhighbirthrateregions.Inadditiontoprovidinginformationaboutbirthcontrol，asecondaryeducationteacheswomentoreducetheirownfertility，improvethehealthoftheirchildrenandallowsthemtomovefromamindsetofhavingmanychildreninthehopethatsomewillsurvivetoimprovethequalityofeachchild’slife，CohenwroteinthejournalNature.【语篇解读】人口的快速增长困扰着世界。有关人士指出，控制人口快速增长的一种方式就是提高女性的受教育水平，进而改变人们头脑中固有的传统生育观念。1．Inthefirstparagraph，theauthorintroduceshistopicby________.A．givinganexampleB．explainingtheauthor’sopinionsC．describingthepooreducationsystemD．comingstraighttothetopic解析篇章结构题。在本段中，作者以爱尔兰前总统MaryRobinson与埃塞俄比亚的一位已婚少女的交谈为例引入话题，所以A项正确。答案A2．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．RobinsonishappyaftertalkingtotheEthiopiangirl.B．Robinsonisasuccessfulexpertinpopulationstudies.C．Robinsonisworriedaboutthepopulationgrowth.D．Robinsonencouragesfemaleeducation.解析推理判断题。第二段引号中的内容提到“欧洲国家担心出现人口老龄化问题，但与人口快速增长相比，这算不了什么。几乎所有的人口增长都发生在发展中国家，这将是一个巨大的挑战。”由此可推断她担心的是人口增长问题。答案C3．WhatisJoelCohen’sviewaboutsecondaryeducation?A．Itprovidesbasicknowledgeofheahh.B．Itreducesagingpopulation.C．Itmakespeoplepaymoreattentiontoeducation.D．Itcanchangepeople’sparentingideas.解析推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句可知，JoelCohen在《自然》杂志中写到中学教育可以改变人们的育儿理念