安徽省芜湖京师实验学校2023-2024学年高一上学期第一次月考英语试卷 （解析版）

2023-2024学年度第一次月考试卷高一英语试卷考试时间：120分钟，满分：150分注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwilltheboydoduringtheholiday?A.StudyinAmerica.B.Workinarestaurant.C.LearnaboutAmerica.2.Whojoinedthereadingclub?A.Mary.B.Jack.C.Thewoman.3.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Editorandwriter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.4.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Takinganexam.B.Havingajobinterview.C.TakinganEnglishclass.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthenovel?A.Exciting.B.Interesting.C.Disappointing.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?更多课件教案等优质滋源请家威杏MXSJ663A.Ontheroad.B.Atapolicestation.C.Inahospital.7.WhatshouldthewomandowhenshearrivesatGarfieldStreet?A.Walktwoblocks.B.Lookforahospital.C.Turnleft.听第7段材料，回答第8至第10三个小题。8.Whatdoesthewomanworryaboutasforonlineshopping?A.Thequalityoffood.B.Theafter-salesservice.CThedamagetothepackage.9.Whatwillhappenifthemanbuysfromthesupermarket?A.Hewillhavefewerchoices.B.Hewillspendmoremoney.C.Hewillsavemoreonfood.10.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardsonlineshoppingintheend?A.Confused.B.Supportive.C.Worried.听第8段材料，回答第11至第13三个小题。11.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtoprepareforaparty.B.Howtoplanfortheweekend.CHowtocookfoodforguests.12.Whatdoesthewomanexpectthegueststodo?A.Sitaroundatabletoeatthemeal.B.Helpthempreparefood.C.Walkaroundandchatfreely.13.Whydoesthewomanthinkshoppinginthenewsupermarketisgreat?A.Itisneartheirhome.B.Ithassomediscounts.C.Ithasverygoodwine.听第9段材料，回答第14至第17四个小题。14.Whydoesthemantrytofindaroommate?A.Tosharetherent.B.Tofeellesslonely.C.Togethelpindoingcleaning.15.Whatisusedtoshutthefridgedoor?A.Aboard.B.Abox.C.Asofa.16.Howmanyroomsarementionedintheconversation?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.17.Whatwillthewomandonextmostprobably?A.Lookforanotherplace.B.Cutdowntheprice.C.Moveintothehouse.听第10段材料，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.WhenwilltheteamreturnfromCostaRica?A.OnMay15th.B.OnAugust15th.C.August25th.19.Wherewilltheteamgoforthesecondproject?A.Toanationalpark.B.TothecityofSanJosé.C.TotheeastofCostaRica.20.Whatwilltheydointhefinalproject?A.Workinazoo.B.Protectseabirds.C.Recordtrees’growth.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AShoeDogByPhilKnightInthisbook,forthefirsttimeever,NikefounderandCEOPhilKnightsharestheinsidestoryofthecompany’searlydaysanditsdevelopmentinbecomingoneoftheworld’smostgame-changingandmoney-makingbrands(品牌).In1962,freshoutofbusinessschool,PhilKnightborrowedfiftydollarsfromhisfatherandcreatedacompanywithasimpletask:bringhigh-quality,low-costathleticshoesfromJapanintoAmerica.Today,Nike’syearlysalestop$30billion.TheSnowballByAliceSchroederHereisthebookdescribingthelifeofoneofthemostrespectedmenintheworld,WarrenBuffett.Thefamousinvestor(投资者)hasneverwrittenamemoir(回忆录),butnowhehasallowedonewriter,AliceSchroeder,todirectlyinterviewhimandthoseclosesttohimabouthiswork,opinions,struggles,successesandfailures.TheEverythingStoreByBradStoneIt’saboutthestoryofAmazon,oneofthemostsuccessfulcompaniesintheworld,andofitsexcellentfounder,JeffBezos.Amazonstartedoffdeliveringbooksthroughthemail.Butitsfounder,JeffBezos,wasn’tsatisfiedwithbeingabookseller.HewantedAmazontobecometheeverythingstore,offeringlimitlessselectionatextremelylowprices.CreatingMagicByLeeCockerellThesecretforcreatingmagicinourcareers,ourorganizations,andourlivesissimple:outstandingleadership,thekindthatinspiresemployees,pleasescustomers,andachieveswonderfulbusinessresults.NooneknowsmoreaboutthiskindofleadershipthanLeeCockerell,themanwhoranWaltDisneyWorldResortcompaniesforoveradecade.AndinCreatingMagic,hesharestheleadershipprinciplesthatformtheculturalbaseofoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheworld.1.WhatdoweknowaboutShoeDog?A.ItteachesCEOshowtomakemoney.B.ItwaswrittenbyNikefounder’sfather.C.IttellshowPhilKnightstartedthecompany.D.ItencouragesAmericanstobecreativeinwork.2.AliceSchroederfinishedthebookTheSnowballmainlyby?A.havingsomeinterviews.B.makingsomesurveys.C.doingsomeresearch.Dtellingherstories.3.Whichbookwouldbethebestchoiceforamanagertoimprovehismanagementskills?A.ShoeDog. B.TheSnowball.C.TheEverythingStore. D.CreatingMagic.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了四本书籍的作者和相关内容。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题ShoeDog下的“Inthisbook,forthefirsttimeever,NikefounderandCEOPhilKnightsharestheinsidestoryofthecompany’searlydaysanditsdevelopmentinbecomingoneoftheworld’smostgame-changingandmoney-makingbrands(品牌).(在这本书中，耐克创始人兼首席执行官菲尔·奈特第一次分享了公司早期的内幕故事，以及它如何发展成为世界上最具颠覆性和最赚钱的品牌之一)”以及“In1962,freshoutofbusinessschool,PhilKnightborrowedfiftydollarsfromhisfatherandcreatedacompanywithasimpletask:bringhigh-quality,low-costathleticshoesfromJapanintoAmerica.Today,Nike’syearlysalestop$30billion.(1962年，刚从商学院毕业的菲尔·奈特向父亲借了50美元，创办了一家公司，任务很简单:把高质量、低成本的运动鞋从日本引入美国。如今，耐克的年销售额超过300亿美元)”可知，ShoeDog这本书讲述了菲尔·奈特是如何创办这家公司的。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题TheSnowball下的“Hereisthebookdescribingthelifeofoneofthemostrespectedmenintheworld,WarrenBuffett.Thefamousinvestor(投资者)hasneverwrittenamemoir(回忆录),butnowhehasallowedonewriter,AliceSchroeder,todirectlyinterviewhimandthoseclosesttohimabouthiswork,opinions,struggles,successesandfailures.(这本书描述了世界上最受尊敬的人之一沃伦·巴菲特的生活。这位著名的投资者从未写过回忆录，但现在他允许作家爱丽丝·施罗德(AliceSchroeder)直接采访他和他最亲近的人，谈论他的工作、观点、挣扎、成功和失败)”可知，爱丽丝·施罗德主要是通过做一些采访来完成TheSnowball这本书。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题CreatingMagic下的“NooneknowsmoreaboutthiskindofleadershipthanLeeCockerell,themanwhoranWaltDisneyWorldResortcompaniesforoveradecade.AndinCreatingMagic,hesharestheleadershipprinciplesthatformtheculturalbaseofoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheworld.(没有人比李·科克雷尔(LeeCockerell)更了解这种领导方式了，他经营迪士尼世界度假区超过十年。在CreatingMagic一书中，他分享了领导原则，这些原则构成了世界上最受欢迎的旅游景点之一的文化基础)”可知，CreatingMagic是管理者提高管理技能的最佳选择。故选D项。BOneofmymosttreasuredmemoriesofchildhoodwaswatchingthosemagicalfireflies(萤火虫)lightupafieldatnight.Irememberhowcomfortingitwastohavethenightlightenedbycountlessfirefliesannouncingtheirplaceintheworld.Inmyadultyears,however,I’venoticedfarfeweroftheseinsects.Alotofmyfriendsandfamilieshavemadethesameobservation.ThisiswhyIwassohappytoseeagoodnumberoffirefliesinoursmalllawn(草坪)theothernight.My9-year-olddaughter,agirltonotone—buttwobiologists—isfollowinginherparents’footstepsalready.Sheiscrazyaboutallwildthings.Needlesstosay,shewaspleasedwiththechancetoputoffbedtimeandtoexploreanewnaturalwonderwithMamawhenIcalled:“Honey!Comeoutandseeallthefireflies!”Withoutwearingshoes,sherushedintothesummernighttolookatoneofthemostmagicalshowsofnature—afieldoffireflies!ItwasamomentIwouldneverforget.So,what’schanged?Whyaresomanyofusseeingfewerfireflies?ItmainlyhastodowithhabitatlosscausedbyincreaseddevelopmentandourAmericanobsession(痴迷)withlargelawnsand“tidy”views.Inourcase,weareseeingmorefirefliesbecausewe’verecentlyletpartsofourlawn“go”.Aneighboraskedustheotherday,“Doyouguysmow(割草)?!”Insomeplaceswedo;inothersweonlymowonceayear.Wenowhavealovelylittlelawnunderourappletreesthatisdeliveringbigrewards.Weenjoythefree-growingwildflowersbydayandthetallplantssupportmorefirefliesforustoenjoyatnight.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorwhenshewasachild?A.Shehadnolightsathomeatnight.B.Shewasgreatlyimpressedbyfireflies.C.Shenoticedfirefliesdisappearinggradually.D.Sheshowedgreatinterestinstudyinginsects.5.Whyistheauthor’sdaughtercrazyaboutwildthings?A.Sheisstudyingbiology.B.Shelikesplayingoutdoorsatnight.C.Shelivesinthecitymostofthetime.D.Shehasbeeninfluencedbyherparents.6.Whyistheauthorseeingmorefirefliesinherlawn?A.Herwildlawnattractedthem.B.Herlawnwasingoodcondition.C.Shebuilthousesforfirefliesinherlawn.D.Shegrewmanyappletreesinhergarden.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Createahappychildhoodforyourkids.B.Teachchildrentocarefortheenvironment.C.Bringthemagicoffirefliesbackhomeagain.D.Improvetheenvironmentthroughourefforts.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了萤火虫给小时候的作者留下了深刻的印象，后来作者的女儿也痴迷于这些萤火虫。于是作者在自家草坪里留出了一块地，来让这些草坪自由生长，让这些野生草坪吸引萤火虫。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Oneofmymosttreasuredmemoriesofchildhoodwaswatchingthosemagicalfireflies(萤火虫)lightupafieldatnight.Irememberhowcomfortingitwastohavethenightlightenedbycountlessfirefliesannouncingtheirplaceintheworld.(我最珍贵的童年记忆之一就是看着那些神奇的萤火虫在夜晚照亮田野。我记得，无数的萤火虫在夜空中宣告着它们在世界上的位置，那是多么令人欣慰)”可知，我们能了解到作者小时候，萤火虫给她留下了深刻的印象。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“My9-year-olddaughter,agirltonotone—buttwobiologists—isfollowinginherparents’footstepsalready.Sheiscrazyaboutallwildthings.(我9岁的女儿，不是一个，而是两个生物学家的女儿，已经在追随她父母的脚步了。她对一切野生事物都很着迷)”可知，作者的女儿受到父母的影响，所以对野生动物如此着迷。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inourcase,weareseeingmorefirefliesbecausewe’verecentlyletpartsofourlawn“go”.(在我们的情况下，我们看到更多的萤火虫是因为我们最近让草坪的某些部分“放任自流”)”可知，作者不再修剪草坪，而是让它变成野生的草地一样，从而吸引更多的萤火虫。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Oneofmymosttreasuredmemoriesofchildhoodwaswatchingthosemagicalfireflies(萤火虫)lightupafieldatnight.Irememberhowcomfortingitwastohavethenightlightenedbycountlessfirefliesannouncingtheirplaceintheworld.(我最珍贵的童年记忆之一就是看着那些神奇的萤火虫在夜晚照亮田野。我记得，无数的萤火虫在夜空中宣告着它们在世界上的位置，那是多么令人欣慰)”以及第二段“Inmyadultyears,however,I’venoticedfarfeweroftheseinsects.Alotofmyfriendsandfamilieshavemadethesameobservation.ThisiswhyIwassohappytoseeagoodnumberoffirefliesinoursmalllawn(草坪)theothernight.(然而，在我成年后，我注意到的这种昆虫要少得多。我的很多朋友和家人都有同样的看法。这就是为什么那天晚上我很高兴看到我家的小草坪上有很多萤火虫)”纵观全文可知，本文讲述了萤火虫给小时候的作者留下了深刻的印象，但是长大后，发现变少了，于是作者在自家草坪里留出了一块地，来让这些草坪自由生长，让这些野生草坪吸引萤火虫。所以C项“Bringthemagicoffirefliesbackhomeagain.(把萤火虫的魔力带回家)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。CWhatdidpeopledoforfunbeforesmartphonesandcomputerswereinvented?Afterconductingresearch,IlearnedthatCantoneseopera(粤剧)wasthetopformofentertainmentinChinaforcenturies.WithsingingandspokenlinesdeliveredintheCantonesedialect,CantoneseoperaisoneofseveraloperatictypesborninGuangdongprovince.Tolearnmoreabouttheartform,IspokewithLuiHung-kwong,programdirectoroftheCantoneseOperaAcademyofHongKong.He’salsoawell-knownperformer.Hereissomethingfromourconversation.Fromthe19thcenturythroughtheearly20thcentury,operatroupes(剧团)wouldperformalongthePearlRiverDeltainsouthernChina.Theylivedonboatsthatwerepaintedredandtransportedthemtovarioustemplefestivalsduringtheperformanceseason.Atroupetypicallystayedinacityforafewdays,performingdifferentplayseachday.Bythe1930s,themajorperformingplacesforCantoneseoperahadmovedtobigcities,andmoreconvenientformsoftransportationbegantobeused.Asaresult,theredboatsbegantodisappear.Ineachoperaproduction,thestoryistoldthroughthe“fourbasicskills”ofsinging,acting,deliveryofspokenlinesandmartialarts.Theseareimprovedbystagemakeup,costumes,propsandthebeatsongongsanddrums.Theperformanceisamixofliterature,drama,balladsinging,danceandmartialarts.Cantoneseoperaissupposedtomirrorreallife.Oldergenerationsreadtheoldstories,andlistenedtothemontheradio.Itwaslikepopculturetothem.Butourlivestodaydiffergreatlyfromthestoriestoldintheopera.SoCantoneseoperabeginstotellsomethemesthatwillinterestkidstoday.Forexample,afairyfailsanexamandisforcedtocometotheearth,whereshemustlearnfromhumanchildren.8.Whydoestheauthorraiseaquestioninthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakepeoplethink.B.Toattractreaders’attention.C.Toleadintothetopicofthetext.D.Todoresearchonpeople’sentertainment.9.Whatisthewholetextbasedon?A.Theresearchdonebytheauthor.B.Theauthor’sinterviewwithanexpert.C.Theauthor’spersonallifeexperiences.D.Theauthor’srichknowledgeoftheopera.10.WhatdoweknowaboutCantoneseoperafromParagraph3?A.Itsdevelopment. B.Itscharacter.C.Itsimportance. D.Itspopularity.11.WhatisCantoneseoperatryingtodocurrently?A.Improveitsquality. B.Mixwithpopculture.C.Attractnewgenerations. D.Reflectoldpeople’slife.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了粤剧的历史和对人们的影响等。【8题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Whatdidpeopledoforfunbeforesmartphonesandcomputerswereinvented?Afterconductingresearch,IlearnedthatCantoneseopera(粤剧)wasthetopformofentertainmentinChinaforcenturies.WithsingingandspokenlinesdeliveredintheCantonesedialect,CantoneseoperaisoneofseveraloperatictypesborninGuangdongprovince.(在智能手机和电脑发明之前，人们有什么娱乐活动?经过研究，我了解到，几个世纪以来，粤剧一直是中国最重要的娱乐形式。粤剧以广东方言演唱和口语，是广东诞生的几种歌剧类型之一。)”可知，作者在第一段提出一个问题目的是引出文章的主题，即粤剧的相关信息。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Hereissomethingfromourconversation.(下面是我们谈话中的一些内容。)”可知，全文基于作者对一位专家的采访。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段“Fromthe19thcenturythroughtheearly20thcentury,operatroupes(剧团)wouldperformalongthePearlRiverDeltainsouthernChina.Theylivedonboatsthatwerepaintedredandtransportedthemtovarioustemplefestivalsduringtheperformanceseason.Atroupetypicallystayedinacityforafewdays,performingdifferentplayseachday.Bythe1930s,themajorperformingplacesforCantoneseoperahadmovedtobigcities,andmoreconvenientformsoftransportationbegantobeused.Asaresult,theredboatsbegantodisappear.(从19世纪到20世纪初，歌剧团会在中国南部的珠江三角洲一带演出。他们住在被漆成红色的船上，在演出季节将他们运送到各种寺庙的节日。一个剧团通常在一个城市停留几天，每天演出不同的剧目。到20世纪30年代，粤剧的主要表演场所已经转移到大城市，并且开始使用更方便的交通方式。结果，红船开始消失。)”可知，从第三段我们了解了粤剧的发展。故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“SoCantoneseoperabeginstotellsomethemesthatwillinterestkidstoday.(所以粤剧开始讲述一些今天孩子们感兴趣的主题。)”可知，粤剧目前想吸引孩子们，即想吸引新一代。故选C。DMorethan100scientistsfrom25countrieshavetraveledtofarawayplacestocollectwildcropseeds(种子)inanefforttohelpbattleclimatechange.Thescientists,whohavebeencomparedtotheheroesofthe“IndianaJones”movies,traveledonfoot,four-wheeledvehicles,boats,horsesandevenelephantstoreachfarawayareas.Theyfacedextremeheat,dust,anddangerfromwildanimals.Atlast,theycollected4,644seedsof371wildrelativesof28worldcrops,manyofwhicharesaidtobeendangered.TheCropTrust,anorganizationthatworkstosavedifferentkindsofcrops,isdirectingtheproject.ThegroupisworkinginpartnershipwithBritain’sRoyalBotanicGardensandMillenniumSeedBank.AdditionalfinancialsupportcomesfromNorway.Theprojectisbelievedtobethelargestorganizedinternationaleffortyettocollectandprotectcrops’wildrelatives.HannesDempewolfisascientistandtheheadattheCropTrust.Hesaid,“WhattheseseedcollectorswentthroughinthefieldresemblesscenesfromanIndianaJonesmovie.”Somecropsarethreatenedbecauseofdestructionofforests,climatechangeandexpandedcities.Thenewly-foundwildseedshavedevelopedsoplantscangrowinextremetemperatures,poorsoils,andeveninlowrainfallareas.AUnitedNationsreportsaysthatfoodproductionisatriskbecauseofashortageofrainandotherweatherextremesconnectedtoclimatechange.TheU.N.FoodandAgricultureOrganizationsaysthatthenumberofplantspeciesisquicklydecreasingandpeoplearedependingonfewerspeciesforfood.Thosewildseedscouldbeimportantinfeedingagrowinghumanpopulationinsomeareasandofferalargelyunusedsourceofdiversity(多样性)tocrops.12.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphshow?A.Collectingseedsisnotaneasyjob.B.Thescientists’storyismadeintoamovie.C.Thewildseedsareindangerofextinction.D.Thescientistscanchoosefrommanyvehicles.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resembles”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Dependson. B.Lookslike.C.Turnsout. D.Refersto.14.Whatistheadvantageofthenewly-foundwildseeds?A.Theycanincreasegreenareas.B.Theycanprovidemorenutrients.C.Theycansurvivebadconditions.D.Theycanimprovecurrentcropseeds.15.Whatisthemeaningofthescientistscollectingwildseeds?A.Bringingmoreplantspeciestotheworld.B.Makingsureoffoodsupplyandfooddiversity.C.Knowingabouttheworld’sfarmingpractices.D.Helpingfarmersimprovetheirfarmingskills.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章讲述了来自25个国家的100多名科学家前往遥远的地方收集野生作物种子，以帮助对抗气候变化。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thescientists,whohavebeencomparedtotheheroesofthe“IndianaJones”movies,traveledonfoot,four-wheeledvehicles,boats,horsesandevenelephantstoreachfarawayareas.Theyfacedextremeheat,dust,anddangerfromwildanimals.(科学家们被比作电影《夺宝奇兵》中的英雄人物，他们步行、四轮车辆、船只、马甚至大象前往遥远的地区。他们面临着酷热、灰尘和野生动物的危险。)”可知，科学家们收集种子的旅途并不是一份简单的工作。故选A。13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Thescientists,whohavebeencomparedtotheheroesofthe“IndianaJones”movies,traveledonfoot,four-wheeledvehicles,boats,horsesandevenelephantstoreachfarawayareas.Theyfacedextremeheat,dust,anddangerfromwildanimals.(科学家们被比作电影《夺宝奇兵》中的英雄人物，他们步行、四轮车辆、船只、马甚至大象前往遥远的地区。他们面临着酷热、灰尘和野生动物的危险。)”可知，科学家们收集种子的旅途并不是一份简单的工作，再结合划线单词所在句可知，人们把这些种子收集者经历的一切和《夺宝奇兵》电影中的场景作比较，也就是说两者有相似之处，所以划线单词表示“看起来像”。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Thenewly-foundwildseedshavedevelopedsoplantscangrowinextremetemperatures,poorsoils,andeveninlowrainfallareas.”Thenewly-foundwildseedshavedevelopedsoplantscangrowinextremetemperatures,poorsoils,andeveninlowrainfallareas.(新发现的野生种子已经发育成熟，因此植物可以在极端温度、贫瘠土壤，甚至在低降雨量地区生长。由此可知，新发现种子的优点是可以在极端气候条件下存活。)可知，新发现的野生种子的好处是它们能在恶劣的条件下生存。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“AUnitedNationsreportsaysthatfoodproductionisatriskbecauseofashortageofrainandotherweatherextremesconnectedtoclimatechange.TheU.N.FoodandAgricultureOrganizationsaysthatthenumberofplantspeciesisquicklydecreasingandpeoplearedependingonfewerspeciesforfood.Thosewildseedscouldbeimportantinfeedingagrowinghumanpopulationinsomeareasandofferalargelyunusedsourceofdiversitytocrops.(联合国的一份报告称，由于缺少雨水和其他与气候变化有关的极端天气，粮食生产面临风险。联合国粮农组织表示，植物物种的数量正在迅速减少，人们依靠更少的物种作为食物。在某些地区，这些野生种子在养活不断增长的人口方面可能很重要，并为农作物提供了一种基本上未被利用的多样性来源。)”可知，科学家们收集植物种子的意义是确保食物供应和食物多样性。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theoceancoversmorethan70percentoftheearth’ssurfaceandthedeepseacouldcontainasmanyas100millionspecies.Butit’sbecomingworse.Overfishing,plasticpollution,risingsealevels,andclimatechangearetopartlyblame(责怪)fortheocean’spresentstate.____16____Buttherearestillsomethingswecandotoimprovethesituation.Peoplearetalkingaboutplasticsmorethaneverafterrecognizingtheheavyeffectthematerialhasonourplanet.Everyyear,thousandsofseabirds,seaturtles,seals,whales,dolphins,andfisharekilledaftermistakenlyeatingplastics.____17____Youcanbuyreusablewaterbottlesinsteadofplasticones.Whenbuyingthings,takeareusableshoppingbagandchoosetheproductthatisn’tcoveredwithplasticpackaging.Keepingourcoastlinescleanisasimplewaytohelptheplanet.Afteradayatthebeach,makesureyou’vetakeneverythingwithyou,includingrubbish.____18____Commonsuncreamchemicalscanharmoceanlife.Searchforsuncreammadewitheco-friendlyingredients(成分).____19____Considermakingadonation(捐赠)toanorganizationworkingtohelptheocean.TheAmericanCetaceanSocietyhelpsprotectthehabitatsofwhales,dolphins,andothermarine(海洋的)animalsthrougheducationalprograms.Beingmindfulofwhatcleaningproductsyouuseisanothereffectivewaytoreduceyoureffectontheearth.Chemicalslikehouseholdcleanerscanmovethroughwaterwaysandeventuallyendupinthesea,affectingthehealthofoceansandtheanimalsinthem.____20____Youcanoftenusesimpleingredientslikebakingsoda,vinegar(醋),orlemonjuicetocompletemanyhouseholdchores.A.Gotsomesparechange?B.Areyouafanofmeatpies?C.Theseproblemsmaybehardtodealwith.D.Apartfrom(除了......)litter,youcanweareco-friendlysuncream.E.Chooseeco-friendlyproductsandlimitchemicalusewhenpossible.F.Onceyouarriveatyourdestination(终点)，berespectfulofthelifeinthesea.G.Plasticstakeyearstobreakdown,sometakinghundredsorevenmore.【答案】16.C17.G18.D19.A20.E【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了一些改善海洋环境的方法。【16题详解】根据前文“Overfishing,plasticpollution,risingsealevels,andclimatechangearetopartlyblame(责怪)fortheocean’spresentstate.(过度捕捞、塑料污染、海平面上升和气候变化是造成海洋现状的部分原因)”以及后文“Buttherearestillsomethingswecandotoimprovethesituation.(但是我们仍然可以做一些事情来改善这种情况)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，由讲述导致海洋现状的原因到提出改善方法，所以C项“Theseproblemsmaybehardtodealwith.(这些问题可能很难处理)”符合文意，承接上文，problems为上句提到的海洋现状，并引出下文，和下文构成转折关系。故选C想法。【17题详解】根据后文“Youcanbuyreusablewaterbottlesinsteadofplasticones.Whenbuyingthings,takeareusableshoppingbagandchoosetheproductthatisn’tcoveredwithplasticpackaging.(你可以买可重复使用的水瓶，而不是塑料水瓶。买东西的时候，带一个可重复使用的购物袋，选择没有塑料包装的产品)”可知，本段主要讲述了如何减少塑料污染的方法，所以G项“Plasticstakeyearstobreakdown,sometakinghundredsorevenmore.(塑料需要数年才能分解，有些需要数百年甚至更长时间)”讲述塑料的危害，引出后文减少塑料污染的方法，符合本段主题。故选G项。【18题详解】根据前文“Keepingourcoastlinescleanisasimplewaytohelptheplanet.Afteradayatthebeach,makesureyou’vetakeneverythingwithyou,includingrubbish.(保持海岸线清洁是保护地球的一种简单方法。在海滩上玩了一天之后，确保你把所有东西都带走了，包括垃圾)”以及后文“Commonsuncreamchemicalscanharmoceanlife.Searchforsuncreammadewitheco-friendlyingredients(成分).(普通防晒霜中的化学物质会伤害海洋生物。寻找含有环保成分的防晒霜)”可知，D项“Apartfrom(除了......)litter,youcanweareco-friendlysuncream.(除了扔垃圾，你还可以涂环保型防晒霜)”起到承接上下文的作用，符合文意。故选D项。【19题详解】根据后文“Considermakingadonation(捐赠)toanorganizationworkingtohelptheocean.TheAmericanCetaceanSocietyhelpsprotectthehabitatsofwhales,dolphins,andothermarine(海洋的)animalsthrougheducationalprograms.(考虑向一个致力于帮助海洋的组织捐款。美国鲸目动物协会通过教育项目帮助保护鲸鱼、海豚和其他海洋动物的栖息地)”可知，本段主要介绍可以给保护海洋的组织捐款，所以A项“Gotsomesparechange?(有多余的零钱吗?)”都是讲钱，符合本段主题。故选A项。【20题详解】根据前文“Beingmindfulofwhatcleaningproductsyouuseisanothereffectivewaytoreduceyoureffectontheearth.Chemicalslikehouseholdcleanerscanmovethroughwaterwaysandeventuallyendupinthesea,affectingthehealthofoceansandtheanimalsinthem.(注意你使用的清洁产品是另一种减少对地球影响的有效方法。像家用清洁剂这样的化学物质可以通过水道移动，最终进入海洋，影响海洋和海洋动物的健康)”可知，此处主要讲述了化学品对海洋的危害，后文“Youcanoftenusesimpleingredientslikebakingsoda,vinegar(醋),orlemonjuicetocompletemanyhouseholdchores.(你可以用一些简单的原料，比如小苏打、醋或柠檬汁来完成很多家务)”可知，讲述了具体方法，所以空处应是提出减少化学品的使用，所以E项“Chooseeco-friendlyproductsandlimitchemicalusewhenpossible.(选择环保产品，尽可能减少化学品的使用)”符合文意。故选E项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Foryears,journalistSheikSadiqAlihasworkedinvariousbusinesses.____21____,hisgreatesthappinesscamefromthechildrenwhorushedovertoreceivethe____22____hedistributed(分发)fromhispushcart.Asaone-timebookseller,he____23____thatmanychildrencouldn’taffordbooks,sohedecidedtodistributethemwithoutany____24____.In2015,AlibegantravellingaroundHyderabadto____25____storybooksamongchildren.Hethentookhis____26____librarybeyondthecitytoo.“90%ofwhatevermywifeandIearnisusedtobuybookstogiveaway.Wearea____27____couple,soweconsiderthosechildren,whohaveahungerfor____28____,ourownandwanttohelpthemgrow,”Alisays.____29____,COVID-19messeduphisoriginalplansand,asaresult,heisnowona_____30_____mission.“Childrenarerequiredbythegovernmentschoolstotakeonlineclasses.Buthowcan_____31_____kidsaffordexpensivemobilephonestoattendtheclasses?Iamcollectingsecond-handphonesforthosewhoreallyneedthem.It’sadropintheocean,butIam_____32_____,”Alisays.Truetohismissionofspreadingaloveof_____33_____,Aliisalsobuildingalibraryinhisvillage.However,hehasno_____34_____tostopoperatinghispushcartlibrary.“Sharingbookswithkidsgivesmethegreatest_____35_____.Wewillbebackonthestreetsoncethediseaseends,”Alisays.21.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Instead22.A.food B.clothes C.medicine D.books23.A.imagined B.accepted C.realized D.guessed24.A.doubt B.charge C.reason D.support25.A.putout B.pickup C.handout D.lookat26.A.private B.mobile C.large D.research27.A.homeless B.jobless C.friendless D.childless28.A.knowledge B.exercise C.success D.wealth29.A.Strangely B.Qui