Unit+4+Scientists+who+changed+the+world+单元复习课件【知识精讲精研】 高三英语一轮复习牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册

新牛津译林版高中英语必修三Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld单元复习课件基础过关(1)致命的；十足的adj. ________(2)试用；审讯n. ________(3)有限的adj. ________(4)足够的，充足的adj. ________(5)组织；指挥v. ________(6)说明；加插图于vt. ________deadlyTask1单词过关trial limitedsufficientconduct

illustrate(7)围绕；包围vt. ________ (8)有才智的，聪明的adj. ________(9)包含；牵涉vt. ________ (10)取消；否认vt. ________(11)权威；官方n. ________ (12)无知n. ________(13)宣称；宣布vt. ________

surround

intelligentinvolve

negateauthority

ignorancedeclare(14)国籍；民族n. ________(15)责任n. ________ (16)结婚，婚姻n. ________(1)查阅；谈及 __________

(2)（使）加速 __________(3)成功，奏效，达到目的 __________Task2短语过关marriageresponsibilitynationalitypayoffspeedupreferto(4)反复实验 _____________(5)偶然，意外地 _____________

(6)很成功；引人注目 _____________(7)使某人失望 _____________

(8)关于 _____________(9)提出，提议 _____________

(10)存活的几率 _____________chanceofsurvivalputforwardastoletsbdownwithabangbyaccidentthroughtrialanderror (11)证明非常有用 _____________

(12)治……的良药 _____________(13)……的秘诀 _____________(14)受……启发 _____________(15)成功做某事 _____________

(16)确保它的安全 _____________(17)因……被授予…… _____________

beawardedsthfor...ensureitssafety succeedindoinginspiredby arecipeforacureforproveveryuseful(18)上交…… _____________(19)即将发生 _____________

(20)体验 _____________(21)使……至于危险的境地 _____________

(22)归功于 _____________(22)满意的结果 _____________

(24)完全不,远非 _____________farfrompromisingresult tothecreditofsth. putsth.atriskgetatasteof comeuphandinsth.Task3词性词形变换(1)_________(vi.＆vt.)想要，计划；意指→_________(n.)意图→_________(adj.)故意的，有意的(2)___________(n.)实验/(vi.)做实验→____________(adj.)试验性的intendintentionintendedexperimentexperimental(3)_________(n.)容器；集装箱；货柜→_________(vt.)包含；控制(4)_________(n.)智慧，知识，学问→_________(adj.)明智的；聪明的→_________(adv.)聪明地(5)_________(vt.)说明；解释；加插图→____________(n.)说明；插图；→__________(adj.)有插图的illustratedillustrationillustratewiselywisewisdomcontaincontainer(6)_________(adj.)有限的→_________(vt.)限制/(n.)限度→_________(adj.)无限制的(7)_____________(n.)责任；负责→__________(adj.)负责的→_____________(adj.)不负责的(8)_________(vt.)宣布；公布→___________(n.)宣告；公告(9)_________(vt.)围绕；环绕→_____________(adj.)周围的；附近的→_____________(n.)环境limitedunlimitedlimitresponsibilityresponsibleirresponsibledeclarationsurroundsurroundingdeclaresurroundings(10)___________(vt.)较喜欢；偏袒；有助于/(n.)帮助;赞同；偏袒→___________(adj.)赞同的；有利的→___________(adj.)特别受喜爱的(11)___________(n.)无知→___________(vt.)忽视；不理睬→___________(adj.)无知的；(12)_________(vi.＆vt.)允许；准许/(n.)准可证→___________(n.)允许，许可favouriteignoranceignoreignorantpermitpermissionfavourablefavour(13)___________(adj.)有才智的→___________(n.)智力；情报工作；(14)___________(adj.)致命的;十足的,彻底的→___________(n.)死者/(adj.)死的；麻木的；无活力的/(adv.)完全地；绝对地→___________(n.)死亡;死亡状态;灭亡intelligentintelligencedeadlydeaddeath(15)___________(n.)政治家,从政者;投机钻营者→___________(adj.)政治的;政党的→___________(n.)政治;政治信仰,政见;政治学(16)___________(n.)神秘;神秘的人(或事物);悬疑作品→___________(adj.)神秘的;难以理解的→____________(adv.)神秘地,难以理解地(17)___________(n.)进化;演变,发展→___________(vi.＆vt.)逐步发展;进化politicianpoliticalpoliticsmysterymysteriousmysteriouslyevolutionevolve课本回顾PassageOneBecauseofhercontributiontothefightagainstmalaria,TuYouyouhasbecomethefirstfemalescientistofthePeople'sRepublicofChina1._________(receive)aNobelPrize.Task1Fillintheblanks.toreceiveBornin1930inNingbo,ZhejiangProvince,Tu2._________(study)medicineatuniversityinBeijingandacquiredabroadknowledgeofbothtraditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine.In1969Tubecameheadofateamthatintendedtofindacureformalaria.3._________(inspire)byanover1,600-year-oldtextaboutpreparingqinghaowithcoldwater,shesucceededinmakingqinghaoextractthatcouldtreatstudiedInspiredmalaria.4._________,thetrialsonpatientswerelikelyto5.___________(postpone)becausetheydidnothavesufficientsafetydata.Tospeed6._________theprocessandensureitssafety,Tuandherteamvolunteeredtotestqinghaoextractonthemselvesfirst.

HoweverbepostponedupTheeffortsofTuandherteamfinallypaid7._________.InNovember1972,they8._________(success)discoveredqinghaosu,9._________isnowakeypartofmanymalariamedicines.TuencouragedscientiststofurtherexplorethetreasurehouseoftraditionalChinesemedicine10._________raiseittoahigherlevel.offsuccessfullywhichandPassageTwoWhenIwasyounger,Ithoughtsciencewouldmakegoodthings1._________everybody.However,itrepresentsthe2._________(destruct)ofpeopleanditputsourfutureatriskinasense.Whatisthevalueofscience?fordestructionThefirstvalueisthat3._______(science)knowledgeenablesustodoandmakeallkindsofthings.Scientificknowledgeis4._________enablingpowertodoeithergoodorbad-butitdoesnotcarryinstructionson5._________toapplyit.Suchpower6._________(have)obviousvalue.Anothervalueistheintellectualenjoyment.Thankstothescientificeffort,scientificanhowhas wehavebeenledtoimagineall7._________(sort)ofthingsmorefantasticthanpoetsanddreamersofthepastevercould.Let'sturntoathirdvalue.Thescientisthasalotofexperiencewith8._________(ignore)anddoubtanduncertainty,andthisexperienceisofgreatimportance.Scientiststake9._________forgrantedthatitisperfectlypossibletoliveandnotknow.sortsignoranceit 10._________(know)thegreatprogressthatisthefruitoffreedomofthought,scientistshaveresponsibilitytodeclarethevalueofthisfreedom.Knowing1.

survivaln.生存；存活；残存物，幸存事物Thankstoherdiscoveryofqinhaosu,malariapatientsallovertheworldnowhavehadagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.(P44)survivorn.幸存者，生还者survivev.活下来，幸存survivefrom+时间从……存留下来survive

onsth.(=liveonsth.)依靠……生活survivesth.幸免于……，从……中艰难度过重点讲解2.

intendvt.&vi.想要，计划；意指

Inthe1960s,manypeopleweredyingofmalaria,andin1969Tubecameheadofateamthatintendedtofindacureforthedisease.(P44)intendtodo/doingsth.

打算做某事intendsb.todosth.

打算让某人做某事beintendedforsb./sth.

是为某人/某物而设计的intendthat…

打算……intentionn.意图,目的;打算havenointentionofdoingsth.无意做某事;不打算做某事3.

limitedadj.

有限的However,itwashardtoproduceenoughqinhaoextractforlargetrialsbecauseresearchresourceswerelimited.(P45)1)limitvt.限定,限制

n.限制,限度limit...to...

把……限制在……范围内belimitedto...局限于……atime/speed/agelimit时间/速度/年龄限制withinlimits在某种程度上;有一定限制setalimiton

对……加以限制beyondthelimit超过限度2)limitationn.限制；控制4.

benefitn.

好处，益处，利益v.有助于，有益于，受益beneficialadj.有益的，有用的Asakeypartofmanymalariamedicines,qinghaosuhassincebenefitedabout200millionmalariapatients.Perhapsthenextgenerationofscientists,drawingonthewisdomoftraditionalChinesemedicine,willindeeddiscovermoremedicinesbeneficialtoglobalhealthcare.(P45)beofbenefitto

对……有好处forthebenefitofsb.=forsb.’sbenefit

为帮助某人，为了某人的利益benefitsb./sth.使……受益benefitfrom/by受益于，从……中得到好处beofgreatbenefit=beverybeneficialto…对……有益(to为介词)5.

surroundvt.围绕；环绕；包围；与……紧密相关Heobservedthatthebacteriasurroundingthemouldweredead.(P48)surround…by/with…用……包围……besurroundedby/with被……包围surroundoneselfwithsb./sth.和某人/某事物在一起surroundingadj.

周围的,附近的surroundedadj.被包围的surroundingsn.

环境；周围的事物6.

favourvt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于n.帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒Fortunefavoursthepreparedmind.(P48)1)infavourof同意；支持，赞同inone’sfavour有利于某人；对……有利2)asksb.afavour=askafavourofsb.请某人帮忙

dosb.afavour=givesb.ahand帮某人忙owesb.afavour欠某人一个人情

favouriteadj.最喜爱的

n.最喜爱的人或物favourableadj.赞成的；有力的7.

chargevi.&vt.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满

n.

收费；控告；谴责；掌管

Whenathunderstormapproached,thelightningwouldchargethekey.

(P49)1)inchargeof控制/管理……inthechargeof由……负责；受……的管理takechargeof掌管，负责2)freeofcharge免费3)chargesb.forsth.为某物向某人收取费用chargesb.with(doing)sth.控告某人(做)某事8.involvev.包含，需要Ihadtoaskmyself,“Istheresomeevilinvolvedinscience?”(P53)get/beinvolvedin参与；卷入；聚精会神于involvedoingsth包含做某事involvesbin(doing)sth使某人参与(做)某事involvedadj.复杂的；有牵连的；有关的be/getinvolvedin

使卷入……之中；热衷于；专心于9.applyvi.&vt.应用；申请；涂；有关Scientificknowledgeisanenablingpowertodoeithergoodorbad--butitdoesnotcarryinstructionsonhowtoapplyit.(P53)apply(to...)for...(向……)申请……apply...to...把……应用于……；

把……贴/涂/敷到……applyto...

适用于……applyoneselfto.../applyone’smindsto...致力于……，专心于……10.freedomn.

自由Butourfreedomtodoubtwasbornoutofadeepandstrongstruggleagainstauthorityintheearlydaysofscience.(P54)havethefreedomtodosth.有做某事的自由freedomofspeech/expression/choice言论/表达/选择的自由权individualfreedom个人自由freedomfromsth.从某事物中摆脱11.permitvt.&vi.允许；准许；许可；使有可能n.许可证

Permitustoquestions---todoubt---tonotbesure.(P54)permitsb.todosth

允许某人做某事permitdoingsth

允许做某事permitof容许(常用于否定句)permissionn.允许;许可with/withoutpermission获得/未经允许askforpermission

请求允许12.responsibilityn.

责任，负责；职责，义务Itisourresponsibilityasscientists,knowingthegreatprogressthatisthefruitoffreedomofthought,todeclarethevalueofthisfreedom…(P54)haveresponsibilityfor(doing)sth.有(做)某事的责任It’sone’sresponsibilitytodosth.某人有责任做某事takeresponsibilityfor(doing)sth.承担(做)某事的责任escape/avoidresponsibility逃避/回避责任asenseofresponsibility责任感responsible

adj.

有责任，负责；可靠的beresponsiblefor…对……负责任responsibilityn.

责任irresponsibleadj.不负责任的declarevt.

表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报declarewaron向……宣战declarethat宣布/宣称declareagainst

/forsb/sth

声明反对/赞成（支持）declare…tobe…宣布/宣称……是……1.referto查阅，参考；涉及，提到；指的是；关系到TureferredtotheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicineagain.(P45)1)refersth.to...把……提交给……refertosb.指的是某人referto...as

把……称为2)referencen.提及；谈到；参考；查阅

in/withreferenceto...

关于……2.speedup(使)加速Tospeeduptheprocessandensureitssafety,Tuandherteamvolunteeredtotestqinghaoextractonthemselvesfirst.(P45)【反义短语】slowdown

减速，慢下来ataspeedof以……的速度athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最快速speedby(时间)很快地过去，飞逝3.payoff

成功；奏效，达到目的

TheeffortsofTuandherteamfinallypaidoff.(P45)payforsth付钱；支付；因某事吃苦头或受惩罚paysbforsth付钱给某人payback还钱；偿还；报复payattentionto注意，留心payavisitto访问paydown(分期或部分)支付；偿还payup付清全部欠款4.letsbdown

使某人失望

Neverconcernedthattheanswermayletusdown,withpleasureandconfidenceweturnovereachnewstonetofindunimaginedstrangenessleadingontomorewonderfulquestionsandmysteries.(P54)letalone更不用说;更不必说;不打扰;不干涉letoff宽恕;开(枪),放(炮、烟火等);让……下车letout放走,释放;泄露,放出;放宽,放大(衣服)letgo(of)放手,松手;放开letin允许进入,放进5.takeitforgranted

想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然

Now,wescientiststakeitf