专题04选择疑问句和反意疑问句-2021年中考英语语法之句子成分基本句型以及句子种类

句子的种类

选择疑问句和反义疑问句句子的类型句子的种类陈述句疑问句祈使句肯定句否定句一般疑问句感叹句特殊疑问句选择疑问句反意疑问句选择疑问句的用法与结构选择疑问句是指提供两种或多种情况供对方选择的疑问句。其表现形式可以是一般疑问句形式，也可以是特殊疑问句形式，选项之间要用连词or连接。语调：前升，后降Doyoulikeapplesorbananas?Whatwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?一般疑问句形式的选择疑问句结构：一般疑问句+or+选择部分？Doeshelikethisorthat？Isthatbookyoursorhers？Areyouadoctororateacher？Washebornin1998orin2001？Areyougoingbytrainorbyplane？一般疑问句形式的选择疑问句特殊疑问句形式的选择疑问句结构：特殊疑问句，选项A+or+选项B？Whorunsfaster,youorTom？Howshallwego,onfootorbybus？Whichwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee？Whenshallweleave,todayortomorrow？Howlongdidhelivethere,fiveyearsortenyears？选择疑问句的回答选择疑问句的回答不能用yes或no回答，通常是从所提供的选项中选择一项进行回答。--Isheadoctororprofessor?--Heisaprofessor.--Areyougoingbytrainorbyplane?--I'mgoingbytrain.--bytrain.反义疑问句反义疑问句构成1.陈述部分肯定句+

疑问部分否定句（前肯后否）Theyarestudents,aren'tthey?Shewasillyesterday,wasn’tshe?Theyworkhere,don’tthey?Hefinishedhishomework,didn'the?YourmothercanspeakFrench,can'tshe?反义疑问句构成2.陈述部分否定句+疑问部分肯定句（前否后肯）Heisn'tateacher,ishe?Thestudentsweren'tlateforschool,werethey?Hisfatherdoesn'tlikefishing,doeshe?Youdidn’tgowithyoursister,didyou?Hecan’trideabike,canhe?反义疑问句注意：①前后两部分肯定与否定必须相反。否定形式要用缩写，不能出现not.HewenttothecinemalastSunday,didn’the﹖②前后两部分时态必须一致。Shereadaninsterestingbookyesterday,didn’tshe﹖③前后两部分的主语（即人称单、复数）必须一致，而且后一部分的主语常用代词代替。TomcanspeakChinesewell,can’the﹖反义疑问句特殊情况1.主语为I的反义疑问句当陈述部分是Iam...时，反意疑问句部分通常要用aren'tI；如陈述句部分的主语是Iamnot时，反意疑问句部分通常要用amI。

Iamateacher,aren'tI?

I'mlateforthemeeting,aren'tI?I'mastallasyoursister,aren'tI?Iamnotastudent,amI?反义疑问句特殊情况2.宾语从句的反义疑问句当主句是Ithink，Ibelieve，Isuppose，Iimagine，Iexpect,Iguess时要反问从句，其余句式均反问主句。(1)当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。Iexpect

ourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,won'tshe/he?Wesuppose

youhavefinishedtheproject,haven'tyou?反义疑问句特殊情况当宾语从句否定前移时当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属否定句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式，而非否定式。Idon'tbelievethathecantranslatethisbook,canhe?Wedon'timaginethetwinshavearrived,havethey?反义疑问句特殊情况反义疑问句特殊情况(3).当陈述句的主语是指示代词this,that时，反意疑问句的主语用it代替；指示代词是these,those时，反意疑问句的主用they代替。

Thatisn’tausefulbook,isit?Theseareimportantreadingmaterials,aren’tthey?(4).当主语为everyone,someone,anyone,noone等表示人的不定代词时，疑问部分的主语用they或he:Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'tthey?(doesn'the?)Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?(doeshe?)反义疑问句特殊情况(5).当陈述部分的主语为everything,something,anything,nothing等表示物的不定代词时，疑问部分的主语用it:Everythingisready,isn'tit?Somethingiswrongwithyourwatch,isn'tit?反义疑问句--否定意义的词反义疑问句--否定意义的词2.当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly,等含有否定词缀的派生词，也就是有un,dis-前缀、-less后缀等含词缀而意思否定的词，当肯定句处理，疑问部分用否定形式。Helooksunhappy,doesn'the?Thegirldislikeshistory,doesn'tshe?Itisimpossible,isn'tit?3.当陈述部分有less,fewer等词视为肯定词，疑问部分用否定形式。Therewillbelesspollution,won'tthere?反义疑问句特殊情况含有usedto的反意疑问句陈述部分的谓语是usedto时，疑问部分用didn't+主语或usedn't+主语。Sheusedtostayuplate,usedn’tshe?Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'the?

含有You'dliketo+v.的反意疑问句陈述部分有You'dliketo+v.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语。You’dliketogowithme,wouldn'tyou?

反义疑问句--祈使句当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达，分三种情况:1.一般情况下用willyou或won'tyou。Givemeahand,willyou?Don'tspoilyourchild,willyou?Leaveallthethingsastheyare,won'tyou?2.当陈述句是否定的祈使句时，问句可用willyou或canyou。Don'tmakemuchnoise,will/canyou?Don'tplayfootontheroad,will/canyou?反义疑问句--祈使句3.以Let's(听者包括在内)开头的祈使句，前肯后可肯可否，疑问句必须用shallwe(shall只用于第一人称);只有以Letus(听话人不被包括在"us"里面)或Letme开头的祈使句，问句才用willyou。Letmehelpyou,willyou?Let'sgotothesupermarket,shallwe?Let'sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe?Let'shavealookonyourbook，shallwe?Letusknowthetimeofyourarrival,willyou?Letuswaitforyouinthereading-room,willyou?反义疑问句--Therebe句型1.Therebe句型中，反义疑问部分必须为be动词+thereTherearesomeapplesinthebasket,aren'tthere?Thereisn'tanymilkleft,isthere?Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn'tthere?Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?hereusedtobe,反义疑问句有两种形式:didn'tthere和usedn'tthere.Thereusedtobesomecitieswall,didn'tthere?Thereusedtobesomecitieswall,usedn'tthere?反意疑问句的回答回答反意疑问句:前肯后否，前否后肯，根据事实从后往前翻译,根据实际情况来确定.(1)Theyworkhard,don'tthey?他们努力工作，不是吗?Yes,theydo.对,他们工作努力。No,theydon't.不，他们工作不努力(2)Theydon'tworkhard,dothey?他们不太努力工作，是吗?Yes,theydo.不，他们工作努力。No,theydon't.是的，他们工作不努力反意疑问句的回答对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。但是，翻译成汉语意思刚好相反，这种回答的yes要译成"不"，no要译成"是"。--Helikesplayingfootball,doesn'the?他喜欢踢足球，不是吗?--Yes,hedoes.是的。--No,hedoesn't.不是。-Hissisterdidn'tattendthemeeting,didshe?他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗?--Yes,shedid.不，她参加了。--No,shedidn't.是的，她没参加。活学活用（填空）1.TheboyisJapanese,______he?2.Thebookisn'tinteresting,______it?3.HeknowsalotaboutEnglishnames,____he?4.Thegirldoesn'tlikeapples,______she?5.Therearetwobirdsinthetree,______there?6.ThemancametoChinalastmonth,_____he?7.You'reafarmer,_______________?活学活用（填空）1.TheboyisJapanese,______he?2.Thebookisn'tinteresting,____