上海市金山区金山中学高二上学期10月月考英语试卷含答案

2021-2022学年上海市金山区金山中学高二上学期10月月考英语试卷II.GrammarandVocabulary(16分)SectionADirections:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B.CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Inrecentyears,manyfootballclubs_____asbusinesstomakeaprofit.A.haverunB.havebeenrunC.hadbeenrunD.willrun22.Ithadbeenannouncedthatcandidates________remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.canB.willC.mayD.shall23.MrReedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto___________someschoolsforpoorchildren.A.setupB.settingupC.havesetupD.havingsetup24.Shewantsherpaintings_________inthegallery,butwedon’tthinktheywouldbepopular.A.displayB.todisplayC.displayingD.displayed25.Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,_______allfourpeopleonboard.A.killedB.killingC.killsD.tokill26.Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy_________wemayreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich27.Ican’theartheprofessorclearlyasthereistoomuchnoise___________Iamsitting.A.beforeB.untilC.unlessD.where28.Itistenyears______theannouncementofthefirstversionofthehumangenome.A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.when29.Hedidn’tmake____clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.A.thisB.thatC.itD.these30.____,hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.A.StrangeasitmightsoundB.AsitmightsoundstrangeC.AsstrangeitmightsoundD.StrangeasitmightsoundⅡ.GrammarandVocabularySectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblanksto.makethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.HowTVimpactschildrenDr.HeinrichApplebaumrecentlycompletedastudyontheeffectsoftelevisiononchildren.Inhiscase,though,hewasn’tconcerned(31)________violence,buthowtelevisiongiveschildrenafalsesenseofreality.Dr.Applebaumtoldme,“Oneof(32)________(great)dangersoftelevisionisthatitpresentsaworldtochildrenthatdoesn’texist,andraisesexpectationsthatcanneverbefulfilled.〞“Idon’tunderstand,Doctor,〞Isaid.“Well,letmeciteoneexample.Haveyoueverseenatelevisionshow(33)________apersoninanautomobiledoesn’timmediatelyfindaparking2placeontheveryfirsttry?〞“Cometothinkofit,〞Isaid,“Ihaven’t.〞“Notonlyistherealwaysaparkingspotavailablebutthedriverdoesn’tevenhavetobackintoit.Therearetwoparkingspacesavailable(34)________someoneinaTVshowneedsone.Children(35)________(lead)tobelievethatwhentheygrowuptheywillalwaysbeabletofindaparkingplacewhenandwheretheywantit.(36)________youdiscoverinreallifeisthatyoucandrivearoundablockforthreehoursandstillnotfindaplacetoputyourcar?〞“Ineverthoughtofitbutit’strue.Whatelsedotheyshowontelevisionwhichgivesa(37)________(distort)pictureoftherealworld?〞“Haveyounoticedthatwheneveracharacterwalksoutofarestaurantorofficebuildingorapartmentandsaystothedoorman,‘Getmeataxi,’thetaxiimmediatelyarrives?Millionsofchildrenareundertheimpression5thatalladoormanhastodoisblowhiswhistleandataxiwillbethere.Ihaveneverseenashowwherethedoormanhassaid,‘I’msorry.Ican’tgetyouataxi.Youbettertakethebus.’〞“Ofcourse,〞Isaid.“IneverknewbeforewhatbotheredmeaboutthoseTVactionprograms,butnowIdo.Thereisalwaysayellowtaxiwaitingoffscreen.〞“Now,〞saidApplebaum,“haveyoueversaidtoataxidriver,‘(38)________(follow)thatcaranddon’tlosehim’?〞“Notreally.〞“Well,ifyouhad,thedriverwouldhavetoldyoutoblowitoutyourear.Notaxidriverisinamood(39)________(do)becausethatmeanshe’sgoingtogetinvolved.ButonTVeverycabdriverlooksasifhe’dlike(40)________bettertodothantodrive90milesanhourthrougharain-sweptstreettryingtokeepupwithacarfullofhoods.Andtheworstthingisthatthekidsbelieveit.〞SectionBDirection:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed(A)A.achieversB.causesC.concernD.confidenceE.contributingF.trendG.gainingH.impactI.mixJ.proportionK.reactionAnxietyaboutmaths“lockspupilsincycleofdespairChildrenasyoungassixfeelfear,rageanddespairasaresultof"mathematicsanxiety",aconditionwhichcancausephysicalsymptomsandbehaviourproblemsinclass,accordingtoastudy.Pupilsinbothprimaryandsecondaryschoolcanfindthemselveslockedinacycleofdespair,sufferingfromanxietythathasanegative(41)________ontheirmathsperformance,whichinturnleadstoincreasedanxiety.Researcherssaymathsanxietyshouldbetreatedasa"real(42)________"becauseofthedamageitdoestoachild'slearning.Theyalsopointoutitmaybe(43)________toagrowingmathscrisisintheUK,wherethelevelofadultnumeracyisrelativelylowandgettingworse.AccordingtotheNuffieldFoundationreport,UnderstandingMathematicsAnxiety,the(44)________ofadultswithfunctionalmathsskillsequivalenttoaGCSEgradeChasfallenfrom26%in2003to22%in2021.Incontrast,functionalliteracyskillsaresteadilyincreasing,with57%ofworking-ageadults(45)________theequivalentlevel.ResearchersfromthefacultyofeducationandthecentreforneuroscienceineducationatCambridgeUniversityworkedwith2,700primaryandsecondarystudentsintheUKandItaly–includingdetailedone-to-oneinterviews–toexploremathsanxietyandits(46)________.Thechildrentheyinterviewedprovidedgraphicdescriptionsoftheirfearsaboutmaths."IfeltveryunwellandIwasreallyscared,"saidoneprimaryschoolstudent,describinghis(47)________duringalessonaboutequivalentfractions."Becausemytable'sinthecornerIkindoftriednottobeinthelesson."Researchersfoundtherewasageneralsensethatmathswashardcomparedwithothersubjects,whichledtoalossof(48)________,yetthestudypointsoutthatmostchildrenwithhighlevelsofmathsanxietyarenormaltohigh(49)________inthesubject.Keytriggersforanxietyincludedpoormarks,testpressures,teasingbyfellowpupilsandaconfusing(50)________ofteachingmethods.

(B)TheJapanthatcan’tkeepupThespotlighthascostlossesofKobeSteel,Japan’slargeststeelmaker,whosecustomersincludeFordMotorandBoeing.Itsmarketof$2.7billionoverKobe’sbehavior(51)________,Japan’sreputationforexcellencemaybethebiggestloser.Japanesemanufactureswereonceheldinawe(敬畏)fortheirmasteryof(52)________manufacturingandcontinuousimprovement,whichrevolutionizedbusinesspracticestheworldover.ButanincreasingnumberofcompaniesinChina,SouthKorea,andelsewherearenowcapableofcompetingwith----andoftenbeating----Japan’slong-establishedenterprises,forcingthemtoscramble(争抢).Thelatest(53)________ofjusthowdesperatemanyJapanesecompanieshavebecometostayaheadofforeignrivals:KobeSteelLtd.(54)________thismoththatforyearsithadfakeddataonthequalityofitsaluminum,copper,andsteelproducts.NowKobeChiefExecutiveOfficerHiroyaKawasakiisleadinganinternalcommitteeto(55)________qualityissues.AndtheU.S.DepartmentofJusticehasrequestedKobeSteel(56)________documentsrelatedtothedata,thecompanysaid,addingthatitwillcooperate.UnfortunatelyforJapanInc.’sreputationasatrustedsupplier,such(57)________haverepeatedlycommandedheadlines.Japanobviouslydoesn’thaveamonopolyoncorporateshenanigans(诡计)，butfraudisparticularly(58)________forthenationbecauseitsflagshipmanufactureshavebankedforyearsonareputationforquality,“Japanesemanufacturesareveryawarethattheirbrand,theirreputation,the(59)________oftheirbusinessrestonquality,〞anexpertsays.Twomajorfactorsseemtobepushingthenation’smanufacturestocrosstheline.First,JapanesecompaniesfaceenormouspressurefromupstartChineserivals.Secondly,awhistleblowerprotectionlaw(60)________inJapanin2006hasincreasedthechanceofwrongdoingcomingtolight----andthedigitizationofrecordsandinternalconversationshasmadeiteasierforincriminatingdatatobepassedalongtoregulationsorauthorities.IIIReadingComprehensionSectionADirection:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Inanybusinesssituation,therecomesatimetotakeaction.Ifyouarenotofficiallyinamanagement(61)________ofyourorganization,itwouldbemucheasiertowaitforyourbosstonotonlymakethedecisionbuttotakeresponsibilityforitaswell.However,today’sorganizationscannot(62)________toemployworkerswhosimplywaittobetoldwhattodo.Ifyourbusinessistothriveinthecomingyears,itneedsworkerswhoare(63)________notonlytotakechancesandtomakedecisionsbutalsototakeactionsandresponsibilityfortheiractions.Fortunately,mostmanagers(64)________suchinitiative,andtheyareincreasinglywillingtogivetheir(65)________moreresponsibilityintheirjobs.We’reallresponsibleforourownactions.Thisfundamentalbeliefisthe(66)________forallindividualswhotakeinitiativeand(67)________oftheirlives.Youcanbea(68)________ofyourcircumstances---complaining,feelingsorryforyourself,andbelievingthatlifeis(69)________---oryoucanriseabovethenegative(70)________ofthecurrentcircumstances,beaccountableforyouraction,andfocusonwhatcanbedonetoimproveorcorrectthesituation.Completetasksintimelyfashion.Don’t(71)________onotherstoremindyouofyourstayingontopofyourcommitments,anddon’twaittobeginataskuntilitisdue.Haveasystemforstayingontopofyourcommitments,andtakesteps(72)________toassuresuccessfulcompletion.Ifyoucan’tfulfillacommitment,tellothersbeforethedeadline,or(72)________helptomeetyourschedule.Ifyoublameanotherperson,asystem,oraneventforsomethingyoudid(74)________,otherswillnottrustyou.Peoplewillthinkmoreofyou(andmorequicklyforgiveyou)ifyouarequickto(75)________amistakeyoumade.Theywillbesuspiciousofyouandyourintentionsifyoudenyresponsibilitythatturnsouttobeyours,andasaconsequencemaydistrustwhatyousayoravoidworkingwithyou.61.A.employeeB.personC.modelD.role62.A.tryB.expectC.affordD.permit63.A.busyB.noticeableC.reluctantD.willing64.A.receiveB.placeC.promiseD.welcome65.A.participantsB.employeesC.partnersD.employers66.A.performanceB.amountC.foundationD.level67.A.controlB.careC.prideD.risk68.A.victimB.lossC.sorrowD.defeat69.A.unsafeB.foolishC.unfairD.silly70.A.partsB.elementsC.topsD.inputs71.A.sitB.lieC.relyD.base72.A.militaryB.imaginaryC.temporaryD.necessary73.A.gainB.seekC.searchD.grasp74.A.failureB.wrongC.badD.poor75.A.claimB.adoptC.announceD.acquireSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)Weliveinatownwiththreebeaches.Therearetwopartslessthan10minutes’walkfromhomewhereneighborhoodchildrengathertoplay.However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreen—anyscreen—andstareatitforhours.Theyarenotalone.Today'schildrenspendanaverageoffourandahalfhoursadaylookingatscreens,splitbetweenwatchingtelevisionandusingtheInternet.Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganizationshavebeguncomingupwithplanstocounterthistrend.Acoupleofyearsagofilm-makerDavidBondrealizedthathischildren,thenagedfiveandthree,wereattachedtoscreenstothepointwherehewasabletosay“chocolate〞intohisthree-year-oldson’searwithoutgettingaresponse.Herealizedthatsomethingneededtochange,and,beingaLondonmediatype,appointedhimself“marketingdirectorfromNature〞.Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople.TheresultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhichchartsthebirthoftheWorldNetwork,agroupoforganizationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonature.“Justfivemoreminutesoutdoorscanmakeadifference,〞DavidBondsays.“Thereisalotofreallyinterestingevidencewhichseemstobesuggestingthatifchildrenareinspireduptotheageofseven,thenbeingoutdoorswillbeonhabitforlife.〞Hisownchildrenhavegotintothehabitofplayingoutsidenow:“Wejustsendthemoutintothegardenandtellthemnottocomebackinforawhile.〞Summerisuponus.Thereisanamazingworldoutthere,anditneedsourchildrenasmuchastheyneedit.Letusgetthemoutandletthemplay.76.Whatistheproblemwiththeauthor’schildren?DA.Theyoftenannoytheirneighbors.B.Theyaretiredofdoingtheirhomework.C.TheyhavenofriendstoplaywithD.Theystayinfrontofscreensfortoolong.77.HowdidDavidBondadvocatehisidea?AA.Bymakingadocumentaryfilm.B.Byorganizingoutdooractivities.C.ByadvertisinginLondonmedia.D.Bycreatinganetworkoffriends.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“charts〞inparagraph2?AA.recordsB.predictsC.delaysD.confirms79.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?CA.LetChildrenHaveFunB.YoungChildrenNeedMoreFreeTimeMarketNaturetoChildrenD.DavidBond:ARoleModelforChildren(B)NipponexEletuicsTokyo，Japan27December1996AmperliteLtd146O'LearyStDublin，IrelandDearSirs，ImprovedwaysofproductionmakeusabletoofferyouourchangeofDrilitebatteriesatareducedpriceforlargequantities.Furtherinformationofthenewpricesforyourmarketaresenttoyoutogetherwiththeletter，andyouwillseethatthepricehasalreadyreduced5percent.Asc.i.f(本钱，保险加运费)toDublinisincludedinourprices，youwillagreethattheyareclearlylowerthanthoseofproducersofthesamebatteries，bothhereinJapanandelsewhere.Thequalityofourproducersremainsthesame——onlythefinestchemicalsareused.Thenewpricesarefortheleastordersof1，000poundsandwillbeginfromJanuary1.Immediatesendingoffisguaranteedbecauseenoughcanbemadewheneveryourequireit.Weappreciateyourpastdealingandco-operstion(合作)withus，andlookforwardtosupplyingyouinthenewyearatthenewprices.YoursTrulyNipponexElectrics80.Theunderlinedword“guaranteed〞inthepassage.Probablymeans______.A.inourchargeB.ofalittleproblemC.difficultyD.quitesure81.Fromthepassageweknowthequalityoftheproducts_______.isashighasbeforeB.islowerC.isimprovedD.isreduced82.IftheIrishexpecttoenjoythe5%ofreductionatprices，theyshould_______.A.paytheJapaneseatleast￡1，000B.order1，000poundsofbatteriesinweightC.order￡1，000worthbatteriesatleastD.paytheJapanese￡1，000ahead(C)Eatingahandfulofwalnutseachdaymighthelpkeepthedoctoraway,atleastforsomepeoplewhoareatriskofdevelopingdiabetes,aU.S.studysuggests.Whenpeopleinthestudyadded56gramsofwalnutstotheirdailydietforsixmonths,theyhadimprovementsinbloodvesselfunctionandreductionsin“bad〞LDLcholesterol,whichbuildsupinbloodvesselsandcanleadtobloodclots(堵塞)andheartattacks.Walnuts,whicharerichinfattyacidsandothernutrientslikevitaminE,weren’tlinkedtoweightgaininthestudyeventhoughtheyareahigh-caloriefood.“Addingwalnutstkyourdietwillimproveyourdietqualityandhealth,andyoucanaddwalnutswithoutfearofweightgainbecausetheyareverysatiating(有饱腹感的)andappeartobumpourothercaloriesquitereliablyandmakeroomforthemselves.〞saidstudyauthorDr.DavidL.KatzoftheYaleUniversityPreventionResearchCenterinDerby,Connecticut.Forthestudy,theresearchersrandomlyassigned31menand81womenathighriskofdiabetestofollowareducedcaloriedietwithorwithoutnutritioncounseling.Withinthesegroups,halfoftheparticipantswereassignedatrandomtoaddwalnutstotheirdietforsixmonths.Afterathree-monthbreakfromtheexperiment,researchersthenswitchedthegroupsandassignedwalnutstotheparticipantswhowerepreviouslyaskedtostopfromeatingthem.Aftertakingintoaccountfactorssuchasage,exercisehabits,calorieconsumptionaddfattyacidintake,thestudyfoundwalnutswerelinkedtoimproveddietquality.Onelimitationoftheresearchersisthatparticipantsweren’tgivenspecificfoodstoconsumeanddietswereassessedbasedonself-reportedsurveysaskingpeopleatseveralpointstorecallwhattheyateintheprevious24hours,theauthorsacknowledge.Thestudyalsowasn’tdesignedtoshowwhetherwalnutscouldpreventdiabetes,whichmakestheresultslessreliable.Eventhoughthedatafromthestudysuggestthataddingwalnutstothedietcanhelpmaintainoverallhealthyeatinghabits,moreresearchfromlargerandlonger-termstudiesisstillneededtofullyunderstandthepotentialbenefitsofwalnuts,saidRobertaHolt,anutritionresearcherattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,whowasn’tinvolvedinthestudy.Resultsfromtheperiodicdietsurveysaren’tenoughtoprovewalnutscausedthechangesinLDLcholesterolorbloodvesselfunction,Holtaddedbyemail.Evenso,thereisplentyofpreviousresearchlinkingconsumptionofwalnutstoimprovedmarketsofhearthealthandlowerrisksofdiabetesandheatdisease,notedDeirdreTobias,anepidemiologistatBrighamandWomen’shospitalandHarvardMedicalSchoolinBoston.Accordingtothepassage,whatisresponsiblefortheoccurrenceofblockageinbloodvessel?anincreaseininLDLcholesterolB.heatattacksdiabetesD.increasedwalnutsinthedietsItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat_____________.walnutsarenotlinkedtoweightgainbecausetheyarerichinvitaminC.eatingwalnutswillnotresultinweightgainbecausetheyburncalorieseffectively.fattyacidsaresimilartovitaminEinthattheyareonlyfoundinhigh-caloriefood.addingwalnutstoyourdietwillnotfuelyourweightproblem.ThefollowingarethelimitationsofthestudyEXCEPT_______.Thestudywasnotmeanttoprovewhetherwalnutshaveaneffectonpreventingdiabetes.Thestudywasconductedinarelativelyshortperiodoftime.Theparticipantscouldfreelychoosethefoodtheywantedtoconsume.Allparticipantswereathighrickofdiabetes.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheresultsfromthestudy?SupportiveB.IndifferentC.NeutralD.OpposedSectionCA.Andthat'stotallyfineB.ThatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeitC.Helikestothinkofsendingpostcardsasafamily-friendlyhobbyD.Manylovetomakeaconnectionwithsomeonefromacrosstheworld.E.OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million.F.Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.You'vegotmail…andit'sapostcardPauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer,lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredpictureofRome'sColosseum.OrAfrica'sVictoriaFalls.OrChina'sGreatWall.Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway."Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends."hesaystoChinaDaily,"butyoucanimaginethatafterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit