Unit 1 Laugh out loud!-2023~2024学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册期末复习敲重点

Unit1Laughoutloud!—2023~2024学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册期末复习敲重点一、学习目标整合知识目标Studentscanbeabletomasterthewords,phrasesandkeysentencepatternsofthisunitandbeabletousetheminspecificsituations.能力目标Studentscangraspnon-restrictiveattributiveclausesandcompletetheexercises.情感目标Studentscanbeabletodevelopapositiveandoptimisticmindsetandcooperatewithotherstocompletetheactivities.二、思维导图回顾知识三、重难知识易混易错非限制性定语从句的使用情况(1)当关系代词指代整个主句内容时，用非限制性定语从句(用which或as引导)。·Theboywasbadlyill,whichworriedhisparentsverymuch.那个男孩病得很厉害，这让他的父母很担心。·Theheavyrainlastedforhalfamonth,whichcausedthefood.大雨持续了半个月，引起了水灾。·Thefilmisveryinstructive,asmostaudiencesay.正如大多数观众所说，这部电影很有教育意义。(2)当先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物或专有名词时，用非限制性定语从句。·Themoon,whichis384,400kilometersawayfromtheearth,createsmanybeautifulstories.月球高地球384400千米远，它创造了很多美好的故事。·WeallhonourandrespectAlbertEinstein,whoisthegreatestphysicistintheworld.我们都尊敬阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，他是世界上最伟大的物理学家。(3)先行词指某人的亲属关系，具有唯一性和确认性时，例如son,daughter,father,mother,wife等，用非限制性定语从句。·Myfather,whoisanexcellentviolinist,isleavingforCanadaforperformances.我爸爸是一名出色的小提琴手。他正准备去加拿大演出。当引导定语从句的关系代词中，含有some/many/few/afew/little/alittle/none/much/most/halfofwhich(whom)等时，多用非限制性定语从句。·Iknowthreeforeignteachers,twoofwhomarefromCanada.我认识三名外籍老师，其中两名来自加拿大。as引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词是整个主句。它引导的从句可以位于主句前，也可以位于主句后，还可以位于主句中间。·Theproject,aswehadexpected,gotalongwell．正如我们所预料的那样，工程进展顺利。as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别：as引导的定语从句，表示说话人的看法、态度、解释或评论：如“asweallknow众所周知；asIcanremember正如我所记得的；asoftenhappens这经常发生；asweexpect正如我们预料的那样”等；which引导的从句对主句所叙述的事情进行补充说明表明事物的状态或结果，且位置只能放在主句之后；在从句中作定语或介词的宾语时，要用which；当从句的谓语是否定形式或含着一个复合宾语时，一般用which而不用as。练习：TomwillgotoShanghai,______heplanstostayforoneweek.A.where B.which C.that D.whenSheintroducedmetoherhusband,____________Ihadn'tmetbefore.Heusuallyhaslunchinhisoffice,____________therearefewerpeopleatlunchtime.Theairqualityinthecity,_____isshownintheremark,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.Inlifepeoplemakemanydecisions,someof_______aresoimportantthattheyaffectusgreatly.Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museumsandotherplaces,___________othervisitorsseldomgo.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,_____urgentlyneededcleanwater,healthcareandsheltertosurvive.Iwaswaitingforthegreenlightatacrossingwhenagirlofabouttenwasknockeddownbyapassingcar,_______droveoffquickly.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,_________livedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.GovernmentsaresettoactivelyrespondtotheState-levelpolicyonpromotingtheemploymentofpeoplewithdisabilities,________aimstoshapeamoreconsideratesocialenvironmentfordisabledpeople.A.which B.who C.whose D.what四、单元核心素养对接高考1.【23年广东模拟】ChinahasscaleduppolicytoprotectandrestoretheenvironmentaroundtheYangtzeRiver,putting①___________placemeasurestotreatindustrialandagriculturalpollutantsandprotectgrasslandsandwetlands.Apolicydocument②___________(joint)releasedby17centralgovernmentdepartmentspromisestoprioritizeeffortandadopta③_____________(comprehension)wayofconservingtheYangtzeRiverBasinarea.Thepolicydocumentfollowsa10-yearfishingbanintheYangtzeenactedbythegovernmentin2020inresponseto④____________(decline)biodiversity.DespiteimprovementstotheYangtze’swaterquality,theriseofnon-pointsourcepollution⑤_____________(emerge)asamajorprobleminrecentyears.Thedocumentstressestheneedforasystemicapproach,⑥_____________willrequiretheestablishmentoflong-termmechanismstopreventthereturnofpollutedwaterbodies.Thetreatmentofpollutionisanotherpriority,asthegovernmentlookstoinstalltightercontrolsoverpollutantsdischargedbychemicalfactoriesandpromote⑦_____________(high)efficiencyintheuseoffertilizersandpesticides.⑧_____________(restore)thediversityofaquaticlifeintheYangtze,thedocumentsaysthatthecountrywillestablishamonitoringsystemforendangeredanimalsandmake⑨_________actionplantosavethemandthatmorework⑩____________(do)toenhancetheconnectivityofrivers.2.【23年甘肃兰州模拟】AChineseanimatedfilm,ChangAn,featuringsomeofChina'smostwell-knownpoets,haswonpraisefor①__________(attract)interestintraditionalChinesepoetryandhasbeenasurprisehitattheboxoffice.Since②________(it)releaseonJuly8,thefilmhasfetchedover700millionyuanasofMonday.ThefilmissetintheTangdynasty,an③________(especial)prosperous(繁荣的)eraofChinesehistoryfrom618to907,and④_________(describe)someoftheera'smostfamouspoetsincludingLiBai,DuFu,andGaoShi-allhouseholdnamesinChina.Thefilmrevolves(围绕)aroundthe⑤_______(story)ofGaoShiandLiBai,describingtheirstrugglestobetterthemselvesandsocietyintheTangdynasty.DrawinginspirationfromChinesehistoryandculture,⑥_______almostthree-hour-longfilmfeatures48well-knownTangpoems,enablingaudiences⑦_________(appreciate)traditionalChinesecultureonthebigscreen.Chang'anwasthecapitaloftheTangdynasty,oneoftheworld's⑧_________(large)citiesatthetime.Themovie'sChinesename,30,000MilesfromChangAn,istaken⑨________apoembyMingDynastypoetChenZilong.ThefinalsceneofthemoviefeaturesoneofLiBai'swell-knownpoems,LeavingBaidiintheMorning,⑩________waswrittenbythepoettoexpresshisjoyofreturninghomefromexile(流放)followingtheAnLushanRebellion.3.【23年全国甲卷】Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)①_____(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop'sfablesdatetothe②_____(six)centuryB.C.Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,③_____RachelCarsonsaysin"AFableforTomorrow."Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofables.Infact,herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren."TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica④_____alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulco-existencewithitssurroundings,"herfablebegins,⑤_____(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.Behindthesimplestyle,however,seriousmessage⑥_____intendforeveryone.⑦_____(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson'sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.Shewarnsoftheenvironmentalddangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibility⑧_____savingtheirenvironment.Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwithsimpletruthsabouteverydaylife.However,Carson'sthemeisamoreweighty⑨_____(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.Carsonprovesthatasimpleliteraryformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill⑩_____(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.

答案以及解析三、1.答案：A解析：考查定语从句。句意：汤姆将去上海，他计划在那里呆一个星期。在定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且先行词为Shanghai，在从句中作状语，所以应用关系副词where。故选A。2.答案：whom解析：分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词是herhusband，指人，在从句中作动词meet的宾语，故用关系代词whom，故填whom。3.答案：where解析：考查定语从句。根据句意“他通常在他的办公室吃午饭，在那里午饭时间人比较少。”可知，hisoffice是先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where引导定语从句。故答案为where。4.答案：as解析：句意：正如评论中所表明的，这个城市的空气质量在过去两个月里已经得到改善。考查非限制性定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，可置于主句之前、之中或之后。5.答案：which解析：考查定语从句。句意：在人生中，人们会做出很多选择，一些选择是如此重要以至于它们会对我们造成很大的影响。此处引导定语从句，先行词为decisions，指物，定语从句中缺少介词of后的宾语，故应用关系代词which，此处someofwhich充当定语从句的主语，故填which。6.答案：where解析：此题考查的是非限制性定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“someotherplaces”，在从句中作不及物动词go的地点状语，故用where,意为“在某个地方”，引导该从句。因此答案为“where”。7.答案：who解析：句意：洪灾过后，那个地区的人们正在受苦，为了生存，他们急需干净的水、医疗保健和住所。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为people，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用who。8.答案：which解析：考查定语从句。句意：当我在一个十字路口等绿灯时，一个大约10岁的女孩被一辆路过的汽车撞倒，这辆车迅速地开走了。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词apassingcar，指物，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该定语从句，故填which。9.答案：who解析：句意：有些人认为生活于大约公元前551年到479年的伟大的中国学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。Confucius是先行词，故应该使用who,这是个非限制性定语从句。10.答案：A解析：此题考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，在从句中作主语。who指人，作主语或宾语；whose指人或指物，作定语；what不能引导定语从句。四、答案：in；jointly；comprehensive；declining；hasemerged；which；higher；Torestore；an；willbedone解析：①考查介词。句意：putsthinplace=putinplacesth实施，实现，把……放到合适的位置，故填in。②考查副词。分析成分，可知released为非谓语动词作定语，前用副词修饰。故填jointly。③考查词形变化。此处用形容词修饰名词way。故填comprehensive综合的，全面的。④考查现在分词作定语，decliningbiodiversity不断下降的生物多样性⑤考查谓语动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语inrecentyears可知此处用现在完成时，故填hasemerged。⑥考查非限定性定语从句。分析句子结构，可知此处是引导定语从句，先行词asystemicapproach在从句中作主语，故填which。⑦考查形容词比较级。根据上文tighter，可知此处空格应填形容词比较级。故填higher。⑧考查非谓语动词。根据句意，此处应填不定式表示目的。“为了恢复长江水生生物多样性”⑨考查冠词。makeanactionplan制定行动计划。故填an⑩考查动词时态和语态。分析句子成分，可知thatmorework_______(do)toenhancetheconnectivityofrivers为says的第二个宾语从句。work与do之间是被动关系，根据第一个宾语从句thatthecountrywillestablishamonitoringsystemforendangeredanimalsandmakeanactionplantosavethem的时态，第二个宾语从句也应用将来时，故填willbedone。答案：①attracting②its③especially④describes ⑤stories⑥the⑦toappreciate ⑧largest⑨from⑩which解析：本文是一篇新闻报道。国漫《长安三万里》持续火热，票房屡创佳绩。电影将纪实与想象交融，开启了一场打破时空的“唐代诗友会”。

①attracting考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，此处填非谓语动词；根据空前haswonpraisefor可知，此处用所给动词的动名词形式attracting作介词for的宾语。

②its考查代词。根据句意及空后thefilm可知，此处用形容词性物主代词。

③especially考查词形转换。根据句意及空后prosperous可知，此处用所给词的副词形式修饰其后的形容词。

④describes考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据上下文语境、空前Thefilmissetin...及and可知，该句是描述一般性事实，且句子的主语为单数名词Thefilm，故此处用所给动词的一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。

⑤stories考查名词复数。根据空后describingtheirstrugglestobetter及句意可知，此处用所给名词的复数形式。

⑥the考查冠词。根据空后almostthree-hour-longfilmfeatures可知，此处用定冠词表示特指。

⑦toappreciate考查非谓语动词。enablesbtodosth意为“让某人做某事”，为固定搭配。

⑧largest考查形容词的最高级。根据句意和常识可知，此处用所给形容词的最高级。

⑨from考查介词。根据句意可知，takefrom表示“取自……”。

⑩which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词是oneofLiBai'swell-knownpoems,Leavi