英语选择性必修第一册学案uNIT1Foodmatters教学知识细解码

1．combinevt.(使)结合，(使)联合→combinationn．结合体，联合体；联合，混合2．associatevt.联想，联系→associationn．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往3．varyvi.(根据情况)变化，变更；相异，不同vt.变更，改变→variationn．变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更；变体，变种4．saltn．盐→saltyadj.咸的，含盐的5．emotionn．情感，强烈的感情，激情，情绪→emotionaladj.情绪的；激起感情的；情绪激动的6．secureadj.安全的；可靠的→securityn．安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证digestvt.&vi.消化；领会，理解n．摘要，文摘①Donotundertakestrenuousexerciseforafewhoursafteramealtoallowfoodtodigest.消化②Theylearnwellbutseemtoneedtimetodigestinformation.领会，理解③ThemagazineshegavemeisReader'sDigest.文摘WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)combinationn．结合体，联合体；联合，混合(教材P2)Nomatterhowbadmymoodis，thatperfectcombinationisalwaysenoughtoliftmyspirits.不管我的心情有多糟，这种完美的组合总是足以让我振奋。[例]Acombinationofinternalandexternalfactorscausedthecompanytoclosedown.内外因结合导致了公司的倒闭。[归纳拓展](1)incombinationwith与……联合(2)combine...with...把……与……结合起来becombinedwith 与……结合combineagainst 为反对……联合起来[即学即练]单句语法填空①Theworkerscombinedagainsttheboss.②Hecarriedonthebusinessincombinationwithhisfriends.③TheChurchhassomethingtosayonhowtocombinefreedomwithresponsibility.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点2)dothetrick奏效，起作用，达到目的(教材P2)Sometimesthesmellalonecandothetrick，nottomentionthelovelycreamyflavour，whichworkslikeatimemachineimmediatelytransportingmebacktomysunnychildhood.有时只是闻到气味就有这种效果，更不用说那美妙的奶油的味道了，这种味道就像一台时光机，立刻把我带回阳光灿烂的童年。[例]Thesepillsshoulddothetrick.You'llfeelmuchbetterinnotime.这些药应该管用。很快你就会觉得好多了。[归纳拓展]trickn．诡计，恶作剧；窍门，花招vt. 哄骗，欺骗playatrickonsb. 捉弄某人haveatrickofdoingsth. 有做某事的习惯trickodoingsth. 哄骗某人做某事[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hetrickedmeintopaying(pay)hismealinarestaurant.②Thechildrenliketoplaytricksontheoldmanlivingintheircommunity.③Ihaveabadtrickofstandingbeforethefire，andsoIburnmyfrocks.[小片段填空]Thelittleboyhadatrickofteasingothers.Oncehetrickedalittlegirlintogivingallhertoystohim.Hismothertoldhimitwaswrongtoplaytricksonothers.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点3)associationn．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往(教材P2)Inthisarticle，wewilltalkaboutaparticulartypeofcomfortfoodwhosepowermainlyliesintheassociationsitcallstomind.在这篇文章中，我们将讨论一种特殊类型的治愈系食物，它的功能主要在于它唤起人们的联想。[例]Thecatsoonmadetheassociationbetweenhumanbeingsandfood.这只猫很快就把人类与食物联系起来。[归纳拓展](1)inassociationwith...与……合伙/合作(2)associatevt.联想，联系n. 同伴，伙伴associate...with... 把……和……联系起来；由……联想到……beassociatedwith... 和……相关associatewithsb.和某人交往/合伙/结交/打交道associateoneselfwithsth. 声称或表示自己赞同某事物[即学即练]单句语法填空①I'veneverassociatedyouwiththisplace.②Iwouldn'twanttobeassociated(associate)withMike'sproject.③Idon'tlikethesepeopleyou'reassociatingwith．④ThebookwaspublishedinassociationwithBritishHeritage.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点4)varyvi.(根据情况)变化，变更；相异，不同vt.变更，改变(教材P2)Theyvaryfrompersontoperson，dependingonourownuniqueexperiencesthathaveshapedourlives.它们因人而异，取决于我们自己独特的经历，这些经历影响了我们的生活。[例]Thequalityofthestudents'workvariesconsiderably.学生作业的质量参差不齐。[归纳拓展](1)varyfrom...to...从……到……变化不等；在……与……之间变动(2)varietyn. 变化；多样化；多变性avarietyof＝varietiesof各种各样的(3)variousadj. 不同的，各种各样的forvariousreasons 由于种种原因[即学即练]单句语法填空①Theneedforsleepvariesconsiderablyfrompersontoperson.②Canyoutalkmethroughthevarious(vary)investmentoptions?③Peopleindifferentareasspeakdifferentvarieties(vary)ofEnglish.[小片段填空]Forvariousreasons，hegaveupthepositioninhiscompany.Hegaveavarietyofreasonsforthat.Hisbossdidn'twanttopersuadehimtostay，becausehethoughtdreamsvariedfrompersontoperson.(vary)eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点5)linkvt.联系，相关联；把……连接起来n．联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接(教材P2－3)Ifwegrowupeatingcertainfoodsinourfamily，thenthosefoodstendtobelinkedwithpositiveemotions.如果我们从小就吃家里的某些食物，那么这些食物往往与积极的情绪有关。[例]TheChannelTunnellinksBritainwiththerestofEurope.英吉利海峡隧道把英国和欧洲其他国家连接起来了。[归纳拓展](1)link...to/with...将……和……联系起来/连接起来linkup 连接；结合linkupwith 与……联合(2)alinkbetweenAandB A与B之间的联系alinkwithsth./sb. 与某事/某人的联系[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thereisstrongevidenceofalinkbetweenexerciseandahealthyheart.②Researchassociationsareoftenlinkedto/withaparticularindustry.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点6)nativen．出生于某国(或某地)的人；本地人adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的；土产的(教材P3)...foraChineseitmightbeaplateofdumplingswithasaucerofvinegar，andforanativeoftheUKitmightbetheclassicfishandchips，servedhot，saltyandsour.……对于中国人来说，它可能是一盘饺子，配上一碟醋，而对于土生土长的英国人来说，就可能是一份经典的炸鱼薯条，热腾腾地端上来，吃起来咸中带酸。[例]Youcanalwaystellthedifferencebetweenthetouristsandthenatives.游客与当地人之间的区别一看即知。[归纳拓展](1)benativeto原产于……(2)nativeplace 原产地anativeof 当地人/产于……的动/植物[即学即练]单句语法填空①It'sveryhardtospeaklikeanativeChinesespeaker.②Youcantellfromhisblueeyesthatheisn'tnativetoChina.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点7)(教材P3)Onemouthfulofcomfortfoodtakesusbacktoourculturalroots，givingusthe“tasteofhome”thatwecryoutforandrelievingfeelingsofhomesickness.吃一口治愈系食物让我们回到自己的文化根源，带来我们迫切需要的“家的味道”，以解思乡之情。(1)cryoutfor迫切需要[例]Allthesethingscryoutforcarefulplanning.所有这些事情都迫切需要作出细致的计划。[归纳拓展]cryout喊叫；呼喊；高声说；(因害怕、不快或疼痛而)大叫cryoutagainst 高声反对[即学即练]单句语法填空①Theyheardsomeonecryoutfrominsidethehouse.②Chueh­huiwantedtocryoutagainsttheunfairnessofthisfat.(2)relievevt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解[例]Beingabletotellthetruthatlastseemedtorelieveher.能够最后讲出真话似乎使她感到轻松。[归纳拓展](1)relievesb.of 解除某人的……relievesb.fromanxiety 消除某人的忧虑(2)reliefn. 解除；救济toone'srelief 使人欣喜的是[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thepillscanhelptorelieveyoufromanxiety.②Thefindingscouldrelievehimofpublicblameforpoliticallydifficultchoices.③Tomyrelief，herealizedtheimportanceofstudy.④TheChinesegovernmenthassetupaspecialsocialrelief(relive)systemtorelievethesufferingsofvictimsofunexpectednaturalcalamities.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)“nomatter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句(教材P2)Nomatterhowbadmymoodis，thatperfectcombinationisalwaysenoughtoliftmyspirits.不管我的心情有多糟，这种完美的组合总是足以让我振奋。句式分析：本句中的Nomatterhowbadmymoodis是nomatterhow引导的让步状语从句，此处nomatterhow相当于however。[例1]Theydon'tlastlongnomatterhowcarefulyouare.不管你如何仔细，他们都维持不了很久。[例2]Nomatterhowbadyoufeel，keeptrying.不管你感觉多么糟糕，继续努力。[归纳拓展](1)“nomatter＋疑问词”可以引导让步状语从句，相当于“疑问词＋ever”。(2)“疑问词＋ever”可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。[即学即练]完成句子①Nomatterwherehisbusinesstookhim(不管因生意关系去了什么地方)，healwaysmanagedtobehomefortheSpringFestival.②Whateversystemyouchoose(不管你选择什么样的体系)，itmustberuninproperly.③Nomatterwhathappens(不论发生什么)，shestillhasfaithinhim.④WheneverIgetthechance(我一有机会)IgotoMaxim'sfordinner.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)it作形式主语(教材P3)Itishardesttogiveupthefoodthatyougrowupwith.放弃伴你长大的食物是最难的。句式分析：本句中的it作形式主语，真正的主语是togiveupthefood；thatyougrowupwith是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词thefood。[例1]Itisstupidtodosuchathing.做这种事真蠢。[例2]It'snogoodsittinguptoolate.熬夜没有好处。[归纳拓展]常见的it作形式主语的句型：(1)itbe＋形容词/过去分词＋主语从句；(2)itbe＋名词词组(a/anfact/pity/shame/honor/question)＋主语从句；(3)it＋不及物动词(happen、appear)＋主语从句；(4)itbe＋形容词＋forsb./ofsb.todosth.；(5)itbe＋名词词组＋todosth.；(6)itbe＋名词/形容词/名词词组(good/nogood/nouse/useless/senseless/awasteof)＋动名词[即学即练]单句语法填空①Itisimportantthatweshouldexerciseeveryday.②Itwasaquestionwhetherwecanarrivethereontime.③Itisnogoodgetting(get)closetohim.1．Sometimesthesmellalonecandothetrick，nottomentionthelovelycreamyflavour，whichworkslikeatimemachineimmediatelytransportingmebacktomysunnychildhood.[分析]本句是一个复合句，which引导定语从句，修饰先行词flavour；transportingmebacktomysunnychildhood是现在分词短语作定语，修饰atimemachine。[译文]有时只是闻到气味就有这种效果，更不用说那美妙的奶油的味道了，这种味道就像一台时光机，立刻把我带回阳光灿烂的童年。2．Ofcourse，eachperson'scomfortfoodlargelydependsonwheretheycomefrom—foraChineseitmightbeaplateofdumplingswithasaucerofvinegar，andforanativeoftheUKitmightbetheclassicfishandchips，servedhot，saltyandsour.[分析]句中where引导宾语从句，作dependon的宾语；withasaucerofvinegar作定语修饰dumplings；servedhot，saltyandsour是过去分词短语作定语，修饰fishandchips。[译文]当然，每个人的治愈系食物在很大程度上取决于他们来自哪里——对于中国人来说，它可能是一盘饺子，配上一碟醋，而对于土生土长的英国人来说，就可能是一份经典的炸鱼薯条，热腾腾地端上来，吃起来咸中带酸。教材高考1.Inthisarticle，wewilltalkaboutaparticulartypeofcomfortfoodwhosepowermainlyliesintheassociationsitcallstomind.(2020·江苏卷)You'llappearfunandfunnybyassociation.2.Theyvaryfrompersontoperson，dependingonourownuniqueexperiencesthathaveshapedourlives.(2020·天津卷)GalileowasnotmerelyambitiouswhenhedroppedobjectsofvaryingweightsfromtheLeaningToweratPisaandtimedtheirfalltotheground.3.Ifwegrowupeatingcertainfoodsinourfamily，thenthosefoodstendtobelinkedwithpositiveemotions.(2020·北京卷)Herfinalgoalistolinktheworldsofartandsciencebacktogether.4foraChineseitmightbeaplateofdumplingswithasaucerofvinegar，andforanativeoftheUKitmightbetheclassicfishandchips，servedhot，saltyandsour.(2020·北京卷)Examplesanddialoguesarerecordedwithrealnativespeakersinsteadofautomaticcomputers.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Itseemsobviousthatwecannotgoonlikethis.2．Callmewhenyougetthere，nomatterwhatthetimeis.3．Theyhavesuccessfullycombinedtheoldwiththenewinthisroom.4．Apart­timebookkeeperwillrelieveyouoftheburdenofchasingunpaidinvoicesandpayingbills.5．Thisisadisgracefulstateofaffairsandcriesoutforathoroughinvestigation.6．ManyofthespeciesnativetoCalifornia，suchasthepricklychaparral，relyonfirestopropagate.7．Theauthoritiesinsistthatthediscussionsmustnotbelinked(link)toanyotherissue.8．Themostamazingthingaboutnatureisitsinfinitevariety(vary)．9．Thesupportofourmembersisofgreatimportancetotheassociation(associate)．10．Hisfamilytrickedhimintogoing(go)toPakistan，andoncehewasthere，theytookawayhispassport.Ⅱ.短语填空dothetrick;cryoutfor;makeupfor;referto;nottomention;varyfrom...to...1．Tastesandpreferencesvaryfromindividualtoindividual.2．Thecompanyiscryingoutforfreshnewtal