英语UNIT1PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENT1课时分层作业

UNIT1PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENT课时分层作业(一)Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Thesuccessofthisexperimentiscrucial(关键性的)totheprojectasawhole.2．Thesepeopleareshortofallunderstandingofscientific(科学的)principles.3．Atthattime,Iinsisted(坚决要求)thattheyshouldwaitforourreturn.4．Thecoachtriedtoanalyse(分析)thecauseofourdefeat.5．Thereportconcluded(得出结论)thatnobigchangeswerenecessary.6．Totheirsadness,theyfailedtocarryoutalltheirobjectives(目标).7．Theplanmightworkbetterwithmorefavourablecircumstances(环境).8．Itisdistinct(清晰的)thatsmokingisharmfultohealth.9．Shedecidedtogoonherstudyafterobtaining(获得)herfirstdegree.10．Heacknowledged(承认)thattheaccidentwasduetohiscarelessness.Ⅱ.阅读理解AYouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?JaneAddams(1860—1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社区)bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931，AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907—1964)Ifitweren'tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld'slakesandoceans.SandraDayO'Connor(1930—present)WhenSandraDayO'ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(参议员)and，in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU．S.SupremeCourt.O'Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913—2005)OnDecember1，1955，inMontgomery,Alabama，RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoapassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil­rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin，”saidParks.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了二十世纪的一些著名的女性及其她们的贡献。1．WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A．Hersocialwork.B．Herteachingskills.C．Hereffortstowinaprize.D．Hercommunitybackground.A[细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.”可知，她是一位社会工作者。]2．WhatwasthereasonforO'Connor'sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?A．Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B．Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.C．Thediscriminationagainstwomen.D．Thepoorfinancialconditions.C[细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman”可知，她因为是女性而被法律公司拒绝录用。]3．Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil­rightsmovementintheU．S.?A．JaneAddams.B．RachelCarson.C．SandraDayO'Connor.D．RosaParks.D[细节理解题。根据末段倒数第二句“Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil­rightsmovement.”可知，RosaParks对民权运动做出了贡献。]4．Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?A．Theyarehighlyeducated.B．Theyaretrulycreative.C．Theyarepioneers.D．Theyarepeace­lovers.C[推理判断题。根据文章对这几个人物的介绍可知，这些女性都是在各自的领域为社会做出贡献的先驱。]BOnThursdaynightmytwoadultchildrentookusouttodinnerasourdaughterlivesinBathurstandshewillbethereforFather'sDaywithherhusband'ssideofthefamily.Twoofourgrandchildrenwereabletojoinus.Havingpre­celebratedmyFather'sDayanditbeingonourminds,mywifeaskedthisquestiononlythismorning：“Doyourememberanythingaboutyourfather？”Whilethissubjecthadcomeupbefore，however,thequestionhadnotbeenputsobluntly(直率地).Ianswered“No.Myonlymemoryisofthefewphotosoutside.”Yousee,myfatherdiedwhenIwasonlyfouryearsold.Manypeoplehavelosttheirfatherearlyinlifeanditiseasytofeelsomewhatsorryforhavingtodealwithsuchasituation,especiallywhenthedeathhasoccurredwhenyouareatanearlyage.Onreflection,IthinkIdonotrememberanythingbecausehepassedawaywhenhewasamemberoftheRoyalAustralianAirForce.HewasaCorporal(下士)doinglandbasedduties，however,amedicalconditiontookhislife.Itwasin1942.The2ndWorldWarwasinfullbattleandAustraliawasbeingattacked.MymumandIwithmyyoungerbrother，werelivingwithmygrandparentsandIcanonlyimaginetheemotionalcircumstancesthatexistedinthehouseholdatthattime.Probablynotsomethingthatwouldleaveamemory.WhatIwouldliketosayatthistime,asthequestionisoftenasked，“Whatdidyoulearnfromyourfather？”ThethingIlearntfromhispassing,attheageof28，isaloveoflife.WhatIdorememberisgrowingupwonderingifIwouldlivetohisage,andafterIdid,thinkingeachyearthebonus(津贴)oflifeIhadbeenblessedwithwhencomparedtomyfather.Ihavesometimesfeltdisappointmentinnotknowingmyfatherbutlifehasmovedon.However,canIsaytothosewhodohavefathers,celebratetodaywithhimandreturnhimalltheloveandhappinesshehasgiventoyou.[语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者由父亲节切入讲述了父亲的离世对自己的影响——让他认识到了自己生命中的爱。5．Whydidtheauthoranswer“No”inParagraph4?A．Hedidn'twanttotalkabouthisfather.B．Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasveryyoung.C．Hewasmuchdisappointedinhisfather.D．Therewasnophotoofhisfatherleft.B[细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“Yousee，myfatherdiedwhenIwasonlyfouryearsold.”可知，作者回答说不记得关于父亲的事情了是因为父亲在作者很小的时候就离世了，故B项正确。]6．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A．Heistheonlychildofhisparents.B．Hisfatherdiedofamedicalcondition.C．Herememberedquitealotabouthisfather.D．HelivedwithhisparentsduringWorldWarⅡ.B[细节理解题。根据第五段的最后部分“however，amedicalconditiontookhislife.Itwasin1942”可知，作者的父亲于1942年死于疾病，7．Thefather'spassingmakestheauthor________．A．realizetheloveofhisownlifeB．hopetolivelongerthanhisfatherC．feelverydisappointedallthetimeD．wanttogetmorebonusfromlifeA[细节理解题。根据第七段的第二句“ThethingIlearntfromhispassing，attheageof28，isaloveoflife.”可知，父亲的离世让作者认识到了自己生命中的爱，故A项正确。]8．Whatistheauthormainlytalkingaboutinthispassage?A．Hisfather'slife.B．HisFather'sDay.C．Hisfatherlesschildhood.D．Hisfather'sinfluence.D[主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据最后两段内容可知，作者由父亲节切入讲述了父亲的离世对自己的影响——让他认识到了自己生命中的爱，故D项(父亲的影响)正确。]Ⅲ.阅读七选五Weallhavedays,orevenweeks,onthejobwhenourproductivitydeclines.Butifyouroutputhasbeensteadilydecreasing,itcouldbebecauseyou'rewastingtimeratherthanfocusingonkeytasksathand.__1__TurnoffyourcellphoneIfyou'reeagertostopwastingtimeattheoffice，silenceyourcellphone.__2__Turnonyourphoneonlyduringbreaks.OrganizeyourcalendarIt'seasytowastetimewhenyoudon'thaveapresetscheduleoutliningyourdaysatwork.Butifyou'reguiltyofnotmaximizingyourtimeattheoffice，it'llhelptocreateadailycalendarwithblocksoftimeforvarioustasks.Organizeyourspace__3__Ifyourdeskisinamess，carveoutsometimetogetitorganized.Throwawaypapersyoudon'tneed，fileessentialdocumentsinsomesortoforder,andmakeyoursuppliesmoreaccessible.BuildinbreaksSometimeswewastetimeatworkbytalkingtocolleagues,checkingtextmessages,orsurfingtheInternetbecauseourmindsneedabreakfromtheconstantwork.Ifthatsoundslikeyou，thenyou'dbetterschedulesomebreaksduringtheday.__4__Themoretimeyouwasteatwork,themoreyourmanagerandpeersarelikelytotakenotice—andthat'sagoodwaytohurtyourreputationandputyourjobatrisk.__5__Doingsomightsaveyoufromabusynight.A．Askyourmanagerforpermissiontousehisoffice.B．Hereareafewstepsyoucantaketostopwastingtimeatwork.C．Instead,cleanupyouractandkeepsearchingforwaystobemoreefficient.D．Givefamilymembersandclosefriendsawaytoreachyouinanemergency.E．Conversationsintheofficearefarmoreinterestingthantheworkyouaredoing.F．Amessyworkplacecanmakeyouinefficientevenwhenyou'retryingtodobetter.G．Thisway，you'llgetthatneedoutofyoursystemsoyoucanthengobacktoconcentrating.[语篇解读]本文是一篇社会类说明文。工作效率太低怎么办？试试这4种